Blame - content/docs/0.8.7-incubating/aql/datamodel.html - incubator-asterixdb-site

blob: 00dd2db5e15c1cd16a718fa0a161866e5aae5b43 [file] [log] [blame]

Ian Maxon	e2b799e	2015-11-24 18:20:03 -0800	[diff] [blame]	1	<!DOCTYPE html>
				2	<!--
				3	\| Generated by Apache Maven Doxia at 2015-11-24
				4	\| Rendered using Apache Maven Fluido Skin 1.3.0
				5	-->
				6	<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
				7	<head>
				8	<meta charset="UTF-8" />
				9	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
				10	<meta name="Date-Revision-yyyymmdd" content="20151124" />
				11	<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
				12	<title>AsterixDB – Asterix Data Model (ADM)</title>
				13	<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/apache-maven-fluido-1.3.0.min.css" />
				14	<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/site.css" />
				15	<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/print.css" media="print" />
				16
				17
				18	<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/apache-maven-fluido-1.3.0.min.js"></script>
				19
				20
				21
Ian Maxon	e2b799e	2015-11-24 18:20:03 -0800	[diff] [blame]	22
Ian Maxon	e2b799e	2015-11-24 18:20:03 -0800	[diff] [blame]	23
				24	</head>
				25	<body class="topBarDisabled">
				26
				27
				28
				29
				30	<div class="container-fluid">
				31	<div id="banner">
				32	<div class="pull-left">
				33	<a href="http://asterixdb.apache.org/" id="bannerLeft">
				34	<img src="../images/asterixlogo.png" alt="AsterixDB"/>
				35	</a>
				36	</div>
				37	<div class="pull-right"> </div>
				38	<div class="clear"><hr/></div>
				39	</div>
				40
				41	<div id="breadcrumbs">
				42	<ul class="breadcrumb">
				43
				44
				45	<li id="publishDate">Last Published: 2015-11-24</li>
				46
				47
				48
				49	<li id="projectVersion" class="pull-right">Version: 0.8.7-incubating</li>
				50
				51	<li class="divider pull-right">\|</li>
				52
				53	<li class="pull-right"> <a href="../index.html" title="Documentation Home">
				54	Documentation Home</a>
				55	</li>
				56
				57	</ul>
				58	</div>
				59
				60
				61	<div class="row-fluid">
				62	<div id="leftColumn" class="span3">
				63	<div class="well sidebar-nav">
				64
				65
				66	<ul class="nav nav-list">
				67	<li class="nav-header">Documentation</li>
				68
				69	<li>
				70
				71	<a href="../install.html" title="Installing and Managing AsterixDB using Managix">
				72	<i class="none"></i>
				73	Installing and Managing AsterixDB using Managix</a>
				74	</li>
				75
				76	<li>
				77
				78	<a href="../yarn.html" title="Deploying AsterixDB using YARN">
				79	<i class="none"></i>
				80	Deploying AsterixDB using YARN</a>
				81	</li>
				82
				83	<li>
				84
				85	<a href="../aql/primer.html" title="AsterixDB 101: An ADM and AQL Primer">
				86	<i class="none"></i>
				87	AsterixDB 101: An ADM and AQL Primer</a>
				88	</li>
				89
				90	<li>
				91
				92	<a href="../aql/primer-sql-like.html" title="AsterixDB 101: An ADM and AQL Primer (For SQL Fans)">
				93	<i class="none"></i>
				94	AsterixDB 101: An ADM and AQL Primer (For SQL Fans)</a>
				95	</li>
				96
				97	<li>
				98
				99	<a href="../aql/js-sdk.html" title="AsterixDB Javascript SDK">
				100	<i class="none"></i>
				101	AsterixDB Javascript SDK</a>
				102	</li>
				103
				104	<li class="active">
				105
				106	<a href="#"><i class="none"></i>Asterix Data Model (ADM)</a>
				107	</li>
				108
				109	<li>
				110
				111	<a href="../aql/manual.html" title="Asterix Query Language (AQL)">
				112	<i class="none"></i>
				113	Asterix Query Language (AQL)</a>
				114	</li>
				115
				116	<li>
				117
				118	<a href="../aql/functions.html" title="AQL Functions">
				119	<i class="none"></i>
				120	AQL Functions</a>
				121	</li>
				122
				123	<li>
				124
				125	<a href="../aql/allens.html" title="AQL Allen's Relations Functions">
				126	<i class="none"></i>
				127	AQL Allen's Relations Functions</a>
				128	</li>
				129
				130	<li>
				131
				132	<a href="../aql/similarity.html" title="AQL Support of Similarity Queries">
				133	<i class="none"></i>
				134	AQL Support of Similarity Queries</a>
				135	</li>
				136
				137	<li>
				138
				139	<a href="../aql/externaldata.html" title="Accessing External Data">
				140	<i class="none"></i>
				141	Accessing External Data</a>
				142	</li>
				143
				144	<li>
				145
				146	<a href="../feeds/tutorial.html" title="Support for Data Ingestion in AsterixDB">
				147	<i class="none"></i>
				148	Support for Data Ingestion in AsterixDB</a>
				149	</li>
				150
				151	<li>
				152
				153	<a href="../udf.html" title="Support for User Defined Functions in AsterixDB">
				154	<i class="none"></i>
				155	Support for User Defined Functions in AsterixDB</a>
				156	</li>
				157
				158	<li>
				159
				160	<a href="../aql/filters.html" title="Filter-Based LSM Index Acceleration">
				161	<i class="none"></i>
				162	Filter-Based LSM Index Acceleration</a>
				163	</li>
				164
				165	<li>
				166
				167	<a href="../api.html" title="HTTP API to AsterixDB">
				168	<i class="none"></i>
				169	HTTP API to AsterixDB</a>
				170	</li>
				171	</ul>
				172
				173
				174
				175	<hr class="divider" />
				176
				177	<div id="poweredBy">
				178	<div class="clear"></div>
				179	<div class="clear"></div>
				180	<div class="clear"></div>
				181	<a href="https://code.google.com/p/hyracks/" title="Hyracks" class="builtBy">
				182	<img class="builtBy" alt="Hyracks" src="../images/hyrax_ts.png" />
				183	</a>
				184	</div>
				185	</div>
				186	</div>
				187
				188
				189	<div id="bodyColumn" class="span9" >
				190
				191	<!-- ! Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
				192	! or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
				193	! distributed with this work for additional information
				194	! regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
				195	! to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
				196	! "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
				197	! with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
				198	!
				199	! http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
				200	!
				201	! Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
				202	! software distributed under the License is distributed on an
				203	! "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
				204	! KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
				205	! specific language governing permissions and limitations
				206	! under the License.
				207	! --><h1>Asterix Data Model (ADM)</h1>
				208	<div class="section">
				209	<h2><a name="Table_of_Contents"></a><a name="toc" id="toc">Table of Contents</a></h2>
				210
				211	<ul>
				212
				213	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypes">Primitive Types</a>
				214
				215	<ul>
				216
				217	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesBoolean">Boolean</a></li>
				218
				219	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesInt">Int8 / Int16 / Int32 / Int64</a></li>
				220
				221	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesFloat">Float</a></li>
				222
				223	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesDouble">Double</a></li>
				224
				225	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesString">String</a></li>
				226
				227	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesPoint">Point</a></li>
				228
				229	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesLine">Line</a></li>
				230
				231	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesRectangle">Rectangle</a></li>
				232
				233	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesCircle">Circle</a></li>
				234
				235	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesPolygon">Polygon</a></li>
				236
				237	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesDate">Date</a></li>
				238
				239	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesTime">Time</a></li>
				240
				241	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesDateTime">Datetime</a></li>
				242
				243	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesDuration">Duration/Year-month-duration/Day-time-duration</a></li>
				244
				245	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesInterval">Interval</a></li>
				246
				247	<li><a href="#PrimitiveTypesUUID">UUID</a></li>
				248	</ul></li>
				249
				250	<li><a href="#DerivedTypes">Derived Types</a>
				251
				252	<ul>
				253
				254	<li><a href="#DerivedTypesRecord">Record</a></li>
				255
				256	<li><a href="#DerivedTypesOrderedList">OrderedList</a></li>
				257
				258	<li><a href="#DerivedTypesUnorderedList">UnorderedList</a></li>
				259	</ul></li>
				260	</ul>
				261	<p>An instance of Asterix data model (ADM) can be a <i><i>primitive type</i></i> (<tt>int32</tt>, <tt>int64</tt>, <tt>string</tt>, <tt>float</tt>, <tt>double</tt>, <tt>date</tt>, <tt>time</tt>, <tt>datetime</tt>, etc. or <tt>null</tt>) or a <i><i>derived type</i></i>.</p></div>
				262	<div class="section">
				263	<h2><a name="Primitive_Types_Back_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypes" id="PrimitiveTypes">Primitive Types</a> <font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h2>
				264	<div class="section">
				265	<h3><a name="BooleanBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesBoolean" id="PrimitiveTypesBoolean">Boolean</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				266	<p><tt>boolean</tt> data type can have one of the two values: <i><i>true</i></i> or <i><i>false</i></i>.</p>
				267
				268	<ul>
				269
				270	<li>
				271	<p>Example:</p>
				272
				273	<div class="source">
				274	<div class="source">
				275	<pre>let $t := true
				276	let $f := false
				277	return { "true": $t, "false": $f }
				278	</pre></div></div></li>
				279	</ul>
				280
				281	<ul>
				282
				283	<li>
				284	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				285
				286	<div class="source">
				287	<div class="source">
				288	<pre>{ "true": true, "false": false }
				289	</pre></div></div></li>
				290	</ul></div>
				291	<div class="section">
				292	<h3><a name="Int8__Int16__Int32__Int64_Back_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesInt" id="PrimitiveTypesInt">Int8 / Int16 / Int32 / Int64</a> <font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				293	<p>Integer types using 8, 16, 32, or 64 bits. The ranges of these types are:</p>
				294
				295	<ul>
				296
				297	<li><tt>int8</tt>: -127 to 127</li>
				298
				299	<li><tt>int16</tt>: -32767 to 32767</li>
				300
				301	<li><tt>int32</tt>: -2147483647 to 2147483647</li>
				302
				303	<li><tt>int64</tt>: -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807</li>
				304
				305	<li>
				306	<p>Example:</p>
				307
				308	<div class="source">
				309	<div class="source">
				310	<pre>let $v8 := int8("125")
				311	let $v16 := int16("32765")
				312	let $v32 := 294967295
				313	let $v64 := int64("1700000000000000000")
				314	return { "int8": $v8, "int16": $v16, "int32": $v32, "int64": $v64}
				315	</pre></div></div></li>
				316	</ul>
				317
				318	<ul>
				319
				320	<li>
				321	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				322
				323	<div class="source">
				324	<div class="source">
				325	<pre>{ "int8": 125i8, "int16": 32765i16, "int32": 294967295, "int64": 1700000000000000000i64 }
				326	</pre></div></div></li>
				327	</ul></div>
				328	<div class="section">
				329	<h3><a name="Float_Back_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesFloat" id="PrimitiveTypesFloat">Float</a> <font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				330	<p><tt>float</tt> represents approximate numeric data values using 4 bytes. The range of a float value can be from 2^(-149) to (2-2^(-23)·2^(127) for both positive and negative. Beyond these ranges will get <tt>INF</tt> or <tt>-INF</tt>.</p>
				331
				332	<ul>
				333
				334	<li>
				335	<p>Example:</p>
				336
				337	<div class="source">
				338	<div class="source">
				339	<pre>let $v1 := float("NaN")
				340	let $v2 := float("INF")
				341	let $v3 := float("-INF")
				342	let $v4 := float("-2013.5")
				343	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2, "v3": $v3, "v4": $v4 }
				344	</pre></div></div></li>
				345	</ul>
				346
				347	<ul>
				348
				349	<li>
				350	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				351
				352	<div class="source">
				353	<div class="source">
				354	<pre>{ "v1": NaNf, "v2": Infinityf, "v3": -Infinityf, "v4": -2013.5f }
				355	</pre></div></div></li>
				356	</ul></div>
				357	<div class="section">
				358	<h3><a name="Double_Back_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesDouble" id="PrimitiveTypesDouble">Double</a> <font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				359	<p><tt>double</tt> represents approximate numeric data values using 8 bytes. The range of a double value can be from (2^(-1022)) to (2-2^(-52))·2^(1023) for both positive and negative. Beyond these ranges will get <tt>INF</tt> or <tt>-INF</tt>.</p>
				360
				361	<ul>
				362
				363	<li>
				364	<p>Example:</p>
				365
				366	<div class="source">
				367	<div class="source">
				368	<pre>let $v1 := double("NaN")
				369	let $v2 := double("INF")
				370	let $v3 := double("-INF")
				371	let $v4 := double("-2013.593823748327284")
				372	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2, "v3": $v3, "v4": $v4 }
				373	</pre></div></div></li>
				374	</ul>
				375
				376	<ul>
				377
				378	<li>
				379	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				380
				381	<div class="source">
				382	<div class="source">
				383	<pre>{ "v1": NaNd, "v2": Infinityd, "v3": -Infinityd, "v4": -2013.5938237483274d }
				384	</pre></div></div></li>
				385	</ul></div>
				386	<div class="section">
				387	<h3><a name="String_Back_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesString" id="PrimitiveTypesString">String</a> <font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				388	<p><tt>string</tt> represents a sequence of characters.</p>
				389
				390	<ul>
				391
				392	<li>
				393	<p>Example:</p>
				394
				395	<div class="source">
				396	<div class="source">
				397	<pre>let $v1 := string("This is a string.")
				398	let $v2 := string("\"This is a quoted string\"")
				399	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				400	</pre></div></div></li>
				401	</ul>
				402
				403	<ul>
				404
				405	<li>
				406	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				407
				408	<div class="source">
				409	<div class="source">
				410	<pre>{ "v1": "This is a string.", "v2": "\"This is a quoted string\"" }
				411	</pre></div></div></li>
				412	</ul></div>
				413	<div class="section">
				414	<h3><a name="Point_Back_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesPoint" id="PrimitiveTypesPoint">Point</a> <font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				415	<p><tt>point</tt> is the fundamental two-dimensional building block for spatial types. It consists of two <tt>double</tt> coordinates x and y.</p>
				416
				417	<ul>
				418
				419	<li>
				420	<p>Example:</p>
				421
				422	<div class="source">
				423	<div class="source">
				424	<pre>let $v1 := point("80.10d, -10E5")
				425	let $v2 := point("5.10E-10d, -10E5")
				426	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				427	</pre></div></div></li>
				428	</ul>
				429
				430	<ul>
				431
				432	<li>
				433	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				434
				435	<div class="source">
				436	<div class="source">
				437	<pre>{ "v1": point("80.1,-1000000.0"), "v2": point("5.1E-10,-1000000.0") }
				438	</pre></div></div></li>
				439	</ul></div>
				440	<div class="section">
				441	<h3><a name="Line_Back_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesLine" id="PrimitiveTypesLine">Line</a> <font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				442	<p><tt>line</tt> consists of two points that represent the start and the end points of a line segment.</p>
				443
				444	<ul>
				445
				446	<li>
				447	<p>Example:</p>
				448
				449	<div class="source">
				450	<div class="source">
				451	<pre>let $v1 := line("10.1234,11.1e-1 +10.2E-2,-11.22")
				452	let $v2 := line("0.1234,-1.00e-10 +10.5E-2,-01.02")
				453	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				454	</pre></div></div></li>
				455	</ul>
				456
				457	<ul>
				458
				459	<li>
				460	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				461
				462	<div class="source">
				463	<div class="source">
				464	<pre>{ "v1": line("10.1234,1.11 0.102,-11.22"), "v2": line("0.1234,-1.0E-10 0.105,-1.02") }
				465	</pre></div></div></li>
				466	</ul></div>
				467	<div class="section">
				468	<h3><a name="RectangleBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesRectangle" id="PrimitiveTypesRectangle">Rectangle</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				469	<p><tt>rectangle</tt> consists of two points that represent the <i><i>bottom left</i></i> and <i><i>upper right</i></i> corners of a rectangle.</p>
				470
				471	<ul>
				472
				473	<li>
				474	<p>Example:</p>
				475
				476	<div class="source">
				477	<div class="source">
				478	<pre>let $v1 := rectangle("5.1,11.8 87.6,15.6548")
				479	let $v2 := rectangle("0.1234,-1.00e-10 5.5487,0.48765")
				480	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				481	</pre></div></div></li>
				482	</ul>
				483
				484	<ul>
				485
				486	<li>
				487	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				488
				489	<div class="source">
				490	<div class="source">
				491	<pre>{ "v1": rectangle("5.1,11.8 87.6,15.6548"), "v2": rectangle("0.1234,-1.0E-10 5.5487,0.48765") }
				492	</pre></div></div></li>
				493	</ul></div>
				494	<div class="section">
				495	<h3><a name="CircleBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesCircle" id="PrimitiveTypesCircle">Circle</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				496	<p><tt>circle</tt> consists of one point that represents the center of the circle and a radius of type <tt>double</tt>.</p>
				497
				498	<ul>
				499
				500	<li>
				501	<p>Example:</p>
				502
				503	<div class="source">
				504	<div class="source">
				505	<pre>let $v1 := circle("10.1234,11.1e-1 +10.2E-2")
				506	let $v2 := circle("0.1234,-1.00e-10 +10.5E-2")
				507	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				508	</pre></div></div></li>
				509	</ul>
				510
				511	<ul>
				512
				513	<li>
				514	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				515
				516	<div class="source">
				517	<div class="source">
				518	<pre>{ "v1": circle("10.1234,1.11 0.102"), "v2": circle("0.1234,-1.0E-10 0.105") }
				519	</pre></div></div></li>
				520	</ul></div>
				521	<div class="section">
				522	<h3><a name="PolygonBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesPolygon" id="PrimitiveTypesPolygon">Polygon</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				523	<p><tt>polygon</tt> consists of <i><i>n</i></i> points that represent the vertices of a <i><i>simple closed</i></i> polygon.</p>
				524
				525	<ul>
				526
				527	<li>
				528	<p>Example:</p>
				529
				530	<div class="source">
				531	<div class="source">
				532	<pre>let $v1 := polygon("-1.2,+1.3e2 -2.14E+5,2.15 -3.5e+2,03.6 -4.6E-3,+4.81")
				533	let $v2 := polygon("-1.0,+10.5e2 -02.15E+50,2.5 -1.0,+3.3e3 -2.50E+05,20.15 +3.5e+2,03.6 -4.60E-3,+4.75 -2,+1.0e2 -2.00E+5,20.10 30.5,03.25 -4.33E-3,+4.75")
				534	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				535	</pre></div></div></li>
				536	</ul>
				537
				538	<ul>
				539
				540	<li>
				541	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				542
				543	<div class="source">
				544	<div class="source">
				545	<pre>{ "v1": polygon("-1.2,130.0 -214000.0,2.15 -350.0,3.6 -0.0046,4.81"), "v2": polygon("-1.0,1050.0 -2.15E50,2.5 -1.0,3300.0 -250000.0,20.15 350.0,3.6 -0.0046,4.75 -2.0,100.0 -200000.0,20.1 30.5,3.25 -0.00433,4.75") }
				546	</pre></div></div></li>
				547	</ul></div>
				548	<div class="section">
				549	<h3><a name="DateBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesDate" id="PrimitiveTypesDate">Date</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				550	<p><tt>date</tt> represents a time point along the Gregorian calendar system specified by the year, month and day. ASTERIX supports the date from <tt>-9999-01-01</tt> to <tt>9999-12-31</tt>.</p>
				551	<p>A date value can be represented in two formats, extended format and basic format.</p>
				552
				553	<ul>
				554
				555	<li>Extended format is represented as <tt>[-]yyyy-mm-dd</tt> for <tt>year-month-day</tt>. Each field should be padded if there are less digits than the format specified.</li>
				556
				557	<li>Basic format is in the format of <tt>[-]yyyymmdd</tt>.</li>
				558
				559	<li>
				560	<p>Example:</p>
				561
				562	<div class="source">
				563	<div class="source">
				564	<pre>let $v1 := date("2013-01-01")
				565	let $v2 := date("-19700101")
				566	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				567	</pre></div></div></li>
				568	</ul>
				569
				570	<ul>
				571
				572	<li>
				573	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				574
				575	<div class="source">
				576	<div class="source">
				577	<pre>{ "v1": date("2013-01-01"), "v2": date("-1970-01-01") }
				578	</pre></div></div></li>
				579	</ul></div>
				580	<div class="section">
				581	<h3><a name="TimeBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesTime" id="PrimitiveTypesTime">Time</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				582	<p><tt>time</tt> type describes the time within the range of a day. It is represented by three fields: hour, minute and second. Millisecond field is optional as the fraction of the second field. Its extended format is as <tt>hh:mm:ss[.mmm]</tt> and the basic format is <tt>hhmmss[mmm]</tt>. The value domain is from <tt>00:00:00.000</tt> to <tt>23:59:59.999</tt>.</p>
				583	<p>Timezone field is optional for a time value. Timezone is represented as <tt>[+\|-]hh:mm</tt> for extended format or <tt>[+\|-]hhmm</tt> for basic format. Note that the sign designators cannot be omitted. <tt>Z</tt> can also be used to represent the UTC local time. If no timezone information is given, it is UTC by default.</p>
				584
				585	<ul>
				586
				587	<li>
				588	<p>Example:</p>
				589
				590	<div class="source">
				591	<div class="source">
				592	<pre>let $v1 := time("12:12:12.039Z")
				593	let $v2 := time("000000000-0800")
				594	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				595	</pre></div></div></li>
				596	</ul>
				597
				598	<ul>
				599
				600	<li>
				601	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				602
				603	<div class="source">
				604	<div class="source">
				605	<pre>{ "v1": time("12:12:12.039Z"), "v2": time("08:00:00.000Z") }
				606	</pre></div></div></li>
				607	</ul></div>
				608	<div class="section">
				609	<h3><a name="DatetimeBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesDateTime" id="PrimitiveTypesDateTime">Datetime</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				610	<p>A <tt>datetime</tt> value is a combination of an <tt>date</tt> and <tt>time</tt>, representing a fixed time point along the Gregorian calendar system. The value is among <tt>-9999-01-01 00:00:00.000</tt> and <tt>9999-12-31 23:59:59.999</tt>.</p>
				611	<p>A <tt>datetime</tt> value is represented as a combination of the representation of its <tt>date</tt> part and <tt>time</tt> part, separated by a separator <tt>T</tt>. Either extended or basic format can be used, and the two parts should be the same format.</p>
				612	<p>Millisecond field and timezone field are optional, as specified in the <tt>time</tt> type.</p>
				613
				614	<ul>
				615
				616	<li>
				617	<p>Example:</p>
				618
				619	<div class="source">
				620	<div class="source">
				621	<pre>let $v1 := datetime("2013-01-01T12:12:12.039Z")
				622	let $v2 := datetime("-19700101T000000000-0800")
				623	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				624	</pre></div></div></li>
				625	</ul>
				626
				627	<ul>
				628
				629	<li>
				630	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				631
				632	<div class="source">
				633	<div class="source">
				634	<pre>{ "v1": datetime("2013-01-01T12:12:12.039Z"), "v2": datetime("-1970-01-01T08:00:00.000Z") }
				635	</pre></div></div></li>
				636	</ul></div>
				637	<div class="section">
				638	<h3><a name="DurationYear-month-durationDay-time-durationBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesDuration" id="PrimitiveTypesDuration">Duration/Year-month-duration/Day-time-duration</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				639	<p><tt>duration</tt> represents a duration of time. A duration value is specified by integers on at least one of the following fields: year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and millisecond.</p>
				640	<p>A duration value is in the format of <tt>[-]PnYnMnDTnHnMn.mmmS</tt>. The millisecond part (as the fraction of the second field) is optional, and when no millisecond field is used, the decimal point should also be absent.</p>
				641	<p>Negative durations are also supported for the arithmetic operations between time instance types (<tt>date</tt>, <tt>time</tt> and <tt>datetime</tt>), and is used to roll the time back for the given duration. For example <tt>date("2012-01-01") + duration("-P3D")</tt> will return <tt>date("2011-12-29")</tt>.</p>
				642	<p>There are also two sub-duration types, namely <tt>year-month-duration</tt> and <tt>day-time-duration</tt>. <tt>year-month-duration</tt> represents only the years and months of a duration, while <tt>day-time-duration</tt> represents only the day to millisecond fields. Different from the <tt>duration</tt> type, both these two subtypes are totally ordered, so they can be used for comparison and index construction.</p>
				643	<p>Note that a canonical representation of the duration is always returned, regardless whether the duration is in the canonical representation or not from the user’s input. More information about canonical representation can be found from <a class="externalLink" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions/#canonical-dayTimeDuration">XPath dayTimeDuration Canonical Representation</a> and <a class="externalLink" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath-functions/#canonical-yearMonthDuration">yearMonthDuration Canonical Representation</a>.</p>
				644
				645	<ul>
				646
				647	<li>
				648	<p>Example:</p>
				649
				650	<div class="source">
				651	<div class="source">
				652	<pre>let $v1 := duration("P100Y12MT12M")
				653	let $v2 := duration("-PT20.943S")
				654	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2 }
				655	</pre></div></div></li>
				656	</ul>
				657
				658	<ul>
				659
				660	<li>
				661	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				662
				663	<div class="source">
				664	<div class="source">
				665	<pre>{ "v1": duration("P101YT12M"), "v2": duration("-PT20.943S") }
				666	</pre></div></div></li>
				667	</ul></div>
				668	<div class="section">
				669	<h3><a name="IntervalBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesInterval" id="PrimitiveTypesInterval">Interval</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				670	<p><tt>interval</tt> represents inclusive-exclusive ranges of time. It is defined by two time point values with the same temporal type(<tt>date</tt>, <tt>time</tt> or <tt>datetime</tt>).</p>
				671
				672	<ul>
				673
				674	<li>
				675	<p>Example:</p>
				676
				677	<div class="source">
				678	<div class="source">
				679	<pre>let $v1 := interval-from-date(date("2013-01-01"), date("20130505"))
				680	let $v2 := interval-from-time(time("00:01:01"), time("213901049+0800"))
				681	let $v3 := interval-from-datetime(datetime("2013-01-01T00:01:01"), datetime("20130505T213901049+0800"))
				682	return { "v1": $v1, "v2": $v2, "v3": $v3 }
				683	</pre></div></div></li>
				684	</ul>
				685
				686	<ul>
				687
				688	<li>
				689	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				690
				691	<div class="source">
				692	<div class="source">
				693	<pre>{ "v1": interval-date("2013-01-01, 2013-05-05"), "v2": interval-time("00:01:01.000Z, 13:39:01.049Z"), "v3": interval-datetime("2013-01-01T00:01:01.000Z, 2013-05-05T13:39:01.049Z") }
				694	</pre></div></div></li>
				695	</ul></div>
				696	<div class="section">
				697	<h3><a name="UUIDBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="PrimitiveTypesUUID" id="PrimitiveTypesUUID">UUID</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				698	<p><tt>uuid</tt> represents a UUID value, which stands for Universally unique identifier. It is defined by a canonical format using hexadecimal text with inserted hyphen characters. (E.g.: 5a28ce1e-6a74-4201-9e8f-683256e5706f). This type is generally used to store auto-generated primary key values.</p>
				699
				700	<ul>
				701
				702	<li>
				703	<p>Example:</p>
				704
				705	<div class="source">
				706	<div class="source">
				707	<pre>let $v1 := uuid("5c848e5c-6b6a-498f-8452-8847a2957421")
				708	return { "v1":$v1 }
				709	</pre></div></div></li>
				710	</ul>
				711
				712	<ul>
				713
				714	<li>
				715	<p>The expected result is:</p>
				716
				717	<div class="source">
				718	<div class="source">
				719	<pre>{ "v1": uuid("5c848e5c-6b6a-498f-8452-8847a2957421") }
				720	</pre></div></div></li>
				721	</ul></div></div>
				722	<div class="section">
				723	<h2><a name="Derived_TypesBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="DerivedTypes" id="DerivedTypes">Derived Types</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h2>
				724	<div class="section">
				725	<h3><a name="RecordBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="DerivedTypesRecord" id="DerivedTypesRecord">Record</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				726	<p>A <tt>record</tt> contains a set of ﬁelds, where each ﬁeld is described by its name and type. A record type is either open or closed. Open records can contain ﬁelds that are not part of the type deﬁnition, while closed records cannot. Syntactically, record constructors are surrounded by curly braces “{…}”.</p>
				727	<p>An example would be</p>
				728
				729	<div class="source">
				730	<div class="source">
				731	<pre> { "id": 213508, "name": "Alice Bob" }
				732	</pre></div></div></div>
				733	<div class="section">
				734	<h3><a name="OrderedListBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="DerivedTypesOrderedList" id="DerivedTypesOrderedList">OrderedList</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				735	<p>An <tt>orderedList</tt> is a sequence of values for which the order is determined by creation or insertion. OrderedList constructors are denoted by brackets: “[…]”.</p>
				736	<p>An example would be</p>
				737
				738	<div class="source">
				739	<div class="source">
				740	<pre> ["alice", 123, "bob", null]
				741	</pre></div></div></div>
				742	<div class="section">
				743	<h3><a name="UnorderedListBack_to_TOC"></a><a name="DerivedTypesUnorderedList" id="DerivedTypesUnorderedList">UnorderedList</a><font size="4"><a href="#toc">[Back to TOC]</a></font></h3>
				744	<p>An <tt>unorderedList</tt> is an unordered sequence of values, similar to bags in SQL. UnorderedList constructors are denoted by two opening flower braces followed by data and two closing flower braces, like “{{…}}”.</p>
				745	<p>An example would be</p>
				746
				747	<div class="source">
				748	<div class="source">
				749	<pre> {{"hello", 9328, "world", [1, 2, null]}}
				750	</pre></div></div></div></div>
				751	</div>
				752	</div>
				753	</div>
				754
				755	<hr/>
				756
				757	<footer>
				758	<div class="container-fluid">
				759	<div class="row span12">Copyright © 2015
				760	<a href="http://www.apache.org/">The Apache Software Foundation</a>.
				761	All Rights Reserved.
				762
				763	</div>
				764
				765	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
				766	<div class="row-fluid">Apache AsterixDB, AsterixDB, Apache, the Apache
				767	feather logo, and the Apache AsterixDB project logo are either
				768	registered trademarks or trademarks of The Apache Software
				769	Foundation in the United States and other countries.
				770	All other marks mentioned may be trademarks or registered
				771	trademarks of their respective owners.</div>
				772
				773
				774	</div>
				775	</footer>
				776	</body>
				777	</html>