diff --git a/hyracks-dataflow-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/dataflow/common/util/TupleUtils.java b/hyracks-dataflow-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/dataflow/common/util/TupleUtils.java
index 8c482cb..b35dd75 100644
--- a/hyracks-dataflow-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/dataflow/common/util/TupleUtils.java
+++ b/hyracks-dataflow-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/dataflow/common/util/TupleUtils.java
@@ -25,29 +25,32 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.DoubleSerializerDeserializer;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
 
-@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes") 
-public class TupleUtils {    
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public class TupleUtils {
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-    public static void createTuple(ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder, ArrayTupleReference tuple, ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, final Object... fields) throws HyracksDataException {
+    public static void createTuple(ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder, ArrayTupleReference tuple,
+            ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, final Object... fields) throws HyracksDataException {
         DataOutput dos = tupleBuilder.getDataOutput();
         tupleBuilder.reset();
         int numFields = Math.min(tupleBuilder.getFieldEndOffsets().length, fields.length);
-        for (int i = 0; i < numFields; i++) {  
+        for (int i = 0; i < numFields; i++) {
             fieldSerdes[i].serialize(fields[i], dos);
             tupleBuilder.addFieldEndOffset();
         }
         tuple.reset(tupleBuilder.getFieldEndOffsets(), tupleBuilder.getByteArray());
     }
 
-    public static ITupleReference createTuple(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, final Object... fields) throws HyracksDataException {
+    public static ITupleReference createTuple(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, final Object... fields)
+            throws HyracksDataException {
         ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fields.length);
         ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
         createTuple(tupleBuilder, tuple, fieldSerdes, fields);
         return tuple;
     }
-    
+
     public static void createIntegerTuple(ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder, ArrayTupleReference tuple,
             final int... fields) throws HyracksDataException {
         DataOutput dos = tupleBuilder.getDataOutput();
@@ -65,14 +68,31 @@
         createIntegerTuple(tupleBuilder, tuple, fields);
         return tuple;
     }
-    
-    public static String printTuple(ITupleReference tuple,
-            ISerializerDeserializer[] fields) throws HyracksDataException {
+
+    public static void createDoubleTuple(ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder, ArrayTupleReference tuple,
+            final double... fields) throws HyracksDataException {
+        DataOutput dos = tupleBuilder.getDataOutput();
+        tupleBuilder.reset();
+        for (final double i : fields) {
+            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(i, dos);
+            tupleBuilder.addFieldEndOffset();
+        }
+        tuple.reset(tupleBuilder.getFieldEndOffsets(), tupleBuilder.getByteArray());
+    }
+
+    public static ITupleReference createDoubleTuple(final double... fields) throws HyracksDataException {
+        ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fields.length);
+        ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        createDoubleTuple(tupleBuilder, tuple, fields);
+        return tuple;
+    }
+
+    public static String printTuple(ITupleReference tuple, ISerializerDeserializer[] fields)
+            throws HyracksDataException {
         StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder();
         int numPrintFields = Math.min(tuple.getFieldCount(), fields.length);
         for (int i = 0; i < numPrintFields; i++) {
-            ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(
-                    tuple.getFieldData(i), tuple.getFieldStart(i),
+            ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(tuple.getFieldData(i), tuple.getFieldStart(i),
                     tuple.getFieldLength(i));
             DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
             Object o = fields[i].deserialize(dataIn);
@@ -80,10 +100,10 @@
             if (i != fields.length - 1) {
                 strBuilder.append(" ");
             }
-        }        
+        }
         return strBuilder.toString();
     }
-    
+
     public static Object[] deserializeTuple(ITupleReference tuple, ISerializerDeserializer[] fields)
             throws HyracksDataException {
         int numFields = Math.min(tuple.getFieldCount(), fields.length);
@@ -96,7 +116,7 @@
         }
         return objs;
     }
-    
+
     public static ITupleReference copyTuple(ITupleReference tuple) throws HyracksDataException {
         ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder = new ArrayTupleBuilder(tuple.getFieldCount());
         for (int i = 0; i < tuple.getFieldCount(); i++) {
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-common/pom.xml b/hyracks-storage-am-common/pom.xml
index 9f0e53a..2a9b89d 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-common/pom.xml
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-common/pom.xml
@@ -52,5 +52,12 @@
   		<type>jar</type>
   		<scope>compile</scope>
   	</dependency>  
+  	<dependency>
+  		<groupId>junit</groupId>
+  		<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+  		<version>4.8.1</version>
+  		<type>jar</type>
+  		<scope>test</scope>
+  	</dependency>
   </dependencies>
 </project>
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/CheckTuple.java b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/CheckTuple.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22cd5df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/CheckTuple.java
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test;
+
+@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
+public class CheckTuple<T extends Comparable<T>> implements Comparable<T> {
+    protected final int numKeys;    
+    protected final Comparable[] tuple;
+    protected int pos;
+
+    public CheckTuple(int numFields, int numKeys) {
+        this.numKeys = numKeys;
+        this.tuple = new Comparable[numFields];
+        pos = 0;
+    }
+
+    public void add(T e) {
+        tuple[pos++] = e;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int compareTo(T o) {
+        CheckTuple<T> other = (CheckTuple<T>)o;
+        for (int i = 0; i < numKeys; i++) {            
+            int cmp = tuple[i].compareTo(other.get(i));
+            if (cmp != 0) {
+                return cmp;
+            }
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public T get(int idx) {
+        return (T)tuple[idx];
+    }
+    
+    public void set(int idx, T e) {
+        tuple[idx] = e;
+    }
+    
+    public int size() {
+        return tuple.length;
+    }
+    
+    public int getNumKeys() {
+        return numKeys;
+    }
+    
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        StringBuilder strBuilder = new StringBuilder();
+        for (int i = 0; i < tuple.length; i++) {
+            strBuilder.append(tuple[i].toString());
+            if (i != tuple.length-1) {
+                strBuilder.append(" ");
+            }
+        }
+        return strBuilder.toString();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/ITreeIndexTestContext.java b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/ITreeIndexTestContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf9ca2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/ITreeIndexTestContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparatorFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndex;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public interface ITreeIndexTestContext <T extends CheckTuple>{
+    public int getFieldCount();
+
+    public int getKeyFieldCount();
+
+    public ISerializerDeserializer[] getFieldSerdes();
+
+    public IBinaryComparatorFactory[] getComparatorFactories();
+
+    public ITreeIndexAccessor getIndexAccessor();
+
+    public ITreeIndex getIndex();
+
+    public ArrayTupleReference getTuple();
+
+    public ArrayTupleBuilder getTupleBuilder();
+
+    public void insertCheckTuple(T checkTuple, Collection<T> checkTuples);
+
+    public Collection<T> getCheckTuples();
+
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/TreeIndexTestContext.java b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/TreeIndexTestContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b0129c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/TreeIndexTestContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndex;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public abstract class TreeIndexTestContext<T extends CheckTuple> implements ITreeIndexTestContext<T> {
+    protected final ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes;
+    protected final ITreeIndex treeIndex;
+    protected final ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder;
+    protected final ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+    protected final ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor;
+
+    public TreeIndexTestContext(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, ITreeIndex treeIndex) {
+        this.fieldSerdes = fieldSerdes;
+        this.treeIndex = treeIndex;
+        this.indexAccessor = treeIndex.createAccessor();
+        this.tupleBuilder = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldSerdes.length);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getFieldCount() {
+        return fieldSerdes.length;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ITreeIndexAccessor getIndexAccessor() {
+        return indexAccessor;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ArrayTupleReference getTuple() {
+        return tuple;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ArrayTupleBuilder getTupleBuilder() {
+        return tupleBuilder;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ISerializerDeserializer[] getFieldSerdes() {
+        return fieldSerdes;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public ITreeIndex getIndex() {
+        return treeIndex;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/TreeIndexTestUtils.java b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/TreeIndexTestUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b21485
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/test/TreeIndexTestUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.DataInput;
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutput;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.util.TupleUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IIndexBulkLoadContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ISearchPredicate;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexCursor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public abstract class TreeIndexTestUtils {
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(TreeIndexTestUtils.class.getName());
+
+    protected abstract CheckTuple createCheckTuple(int numfields, int numKeyFields);
+
+    protected abstract ISearchPredicate createNullSearchPredicate();
+
+    public abstract void checkExpectedResults(ITreeIndexCursor cursor, Collection checkTuples,
+            ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, int keyFieldCount) throws Exception;
+
+    protected abstract CheckTuple createIntCheckTuple(int[] fieldValues, int numKeyFields);
+
+    protected abstract void setIntKeyFields(int[] fieldValues, int numKeyFields, int maxValue, Random rnd);
+
+    protected abstract boolean insertTuple(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx) throws Exception;
+
+    protected abstract Collection createCheckTuplesCollection();
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    private static void createTupleFromCheckTuple(CheckTuple checkTuple, ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder,
+            ArrayTupleReference tuple, ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes) throws HyracksDataException {
+        int fieldCount = tupleBuilder.getFieldEndOffsets().length;
+        DataOutput dos = tupleBuilder.getDataOutput();
+        tupleBuilder.reset();
+        for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; i++) {
+            fieldSerdes[i].serialize(checkTuple.get(i), dos);
+            tupleBuilder.addFieldEndOffset();
+        }
+        tuple.reset(tupleBuilder.getFieldEndOffsets(), tupleBuilder.getByteArray());
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public CheckTuple createCheckTupleFromTuple(ITupleReference tuple, ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            int numKeys) throws HyracksDataException {
+        CheckTuple checkTuple = createCheckTuple(fieldSerdes.length, numKeys);
+        int fieldCount = Math.min(fieldSerdes.length, tuple.getFieldCount());
+        for (int i = 0; i < fieldCount; i++) {
+            ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(tuple.getFieldData(i), tuple.getFieldStart(i),
+                    tuple.getFieldLength(i));
+            DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
+            Comparable fieldObj = (Comparable) fieldSerdes[i].deserialize(dataIn);
+            checkTuple.add(fieldObj);
+        }
+        return checkTuple;
+    }
+
+    public void checkScan(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx) throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Testing Scan.");
+        }
+        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = ctx.getIndexAccessor().createSearchCursor();
+        ISearchPredicate nullPred = createNullSearchPredicate();
+        ctx.getIndexAccessor().search(scanCursor, nullPred);
+        checkExpectedResults(scanCursor, ctx.getCheckTuples(), ctx.getFieldSerdes(), ctx.getKeyFieldCount());
+    }
+
+    public void checkDiskOrderScan(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx) throws Exception {
+        try {
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                LOGGER.info("Testing Disk-Order Scan.");
+            }
+            ITreeIndexCursor diskOrderCursor = ctx.getIndexAccessor().createDiskOrderScanCursor();
+            ctx.getIndexAccessor().diskOrderScan(diskOrderCursor);
+            int actualCount = 0;
+            try {
+                while (diskOrderCursor.hasNext()) {
+                    diskOrderCursor.next();
+                    ITupleReference tuple = diskOrderCursor.getTuple();
+                    CheckTuple checkTuple = createCheckTupleFromTuple(tuple, ctx.getFieldSerdes(),
+                            ctx.getKeyFieldCount());
+                    if (!ctx.getCheckTuples().contains(checkTuple)) {
+                        fail("Disk-order scan returned unexpected answer: " + checkTuple.toString());
+                    }
+                    actualCount++;
+                }
+                if (actualCount < ctx.getCheckTuples().size()) {
+                    fail("Disk-order scan returned fewer answers than expected.\nExpected: "
+                            + ctx.getCheckTuples().size() + "\nActual  : " + actualCount);
+                }
+                if (actualCount > ctx.getCheckTuples().size()) {
+                    fail("Disk-order scan returned more answers than expected.\nExpected: "
+                            + ctx.getCheckTuples().size() + "\nActual  : " + actualCount);
+                }
+            } finally {
+                diskOrderCursor.close();
+            }
+        } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
+            // Ignore exception because some indexes, e.g. the LSMTrees, don't
+            // support disk-order scan.
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                LOGGER.info("Ignoring disk-order scan since it's not supported.");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void insertIntTuples(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx, int numTuples, Random rnd) throws Exception {
+        int fieldCount = ctx.getFieldCount();
+        int numKeyFields = ctx.getKeyFieldCount();
+        int[] fieldValues = new int[ctx.getFieldCount()];
+        // Scale range of values according to number of keys.
+        // For example, for 2 keys we want the square root of numTuples, for 3
+        // keys the cube root of numTuples, etc.
+        int maxValue = (int) Math.ceil(Math.pow(numTuples, 1.0 / (double) numKeyFields));
+        for (int i = 0; i < numTuples; i++) {
+            // Set keys.
+            setIntKeyFields(fieldValues, numKeyFields, maxValue, rnd);
+            // Set values.
+            for (int j = numKeyFields; j < fieldCount; j++) {
+                fieldValues[j] = j;
+            }
+            TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(ctx.getTupleBuilder(), ctx.getTuple(), fieldValues);
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                if ((i + 1) % (numTuples / Math.min(10, numTuples)) == 0) {
+                    LOGGER.info("Inserting Tuple " + (i + 1) + "/" + numTuples);
+                }
+            }
+            boolean succeeded = insertTuple(ctx);
+            if (succeeded) {
+                ctx.insertCheckTuple(createIntCheckTuple(fieldValues, ctx.getKeyFieldCount()), ctx.getCheckTuples());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void bulkLoadIntTuples(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx, int numTuples, Random rnd) throws Exception {
+        int fieldCount = ctx.getFieldCount();
+        int numKeyFields = ctx.getKeyFieldCount();
+        int[] fieldValues = new int[ctx.getFieldCount()];
+        int maxValue = (int) Math.ceil(Math.pow(numTuples, 1.0 / (double) numKeyFields));
+        Collection<CheckTuple> tmpCheckTuples = createCheckTuplesCollection();
+        for (int i = 0; i < numTuples; i++) {
+            // Set keys.
+            setIntKeyFields(fieldValues, numKeyFields, maxValue, rnd);
+            // Set values.
+            for (int j = numKeyFields; j < fieldCount; j++) {
+                fieldValues[j] = j;
+            }
+
+            // Set expected values. (We also use these as the pre-sorted stream
+            // for ordered indexes bulk loading).
+            ctx.insertCheckTuple(createIntCheckTuple(fieldValues, ctx.getKeyFieldCount()), tmpCheckTuples);
+        }
+        bulkLoadCheckTuples(ctx, tmpCheckTuples);
+
+        // Add tmpCheckTuples to ctx check tuples for comparing searches.
+        for (CheckTuple checkTuple : tmpCheckTuples) {
+            ctx.insertCheckTuple(checkTuple, ctx.getCheckTuples());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void bulkLoadCheckTuples(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx, Collection<CheckTuple> checkTuples)
+            throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {
+        int fieldCount = ctx.getFieldCount();
+        int numTuples = checkTuples.size();
+        ArrayTupleBuilder tupleBuilder = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        // Perform bulk load.
+        IIndexBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx = ctx.getIndex().beginBulkLoad(0.7f);
+        int c = 1;
+        for (CheckTuple checkTuple : checkTuples) {
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                if (c % (numTuples / 10) == 0) {
+                    LOGGER.info("Bulk Loading Tuple " + c + "/" + numTuples);
+                }
+            }
+            createTupleFromCheckTuple(checkTuple, tupleBuilder, tuple, ctx.getFieldSerdes());
+            ctx.getIndex().bulkLoadAddTuple(tuple, bulkLoadCtx);
+            c++;
+        }
+        ctx.getIndex().endBulkLoad(bulkLoadCtx);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void deleteTuples(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx, int numTuples, Random rnd) throws Exception {
+        ArrayTupleBuilder deleteTupleBuilder = new ArrayTupleBuilder(ctx.getKeyFieldCount());
+        ArrayTupleReference deleteTuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        int numCheckTuples = ctx.getCheckTuples().size();
+        // Copy CheckTuple references into array, so we can randomly pick from
+        // there.
+        CheckTuple[] checkTuples = new CheckTuple[numCheckTuples];
+        int idx = 0;
+        Iterator<CheckTuple> iter = ctx.getCheckTuples().iterator();
+        while (iter.hasNext()) {
+            CheckTuple checkTuple = iter.next();
+            checkTuples[idx++] = checkTuple;
+        }
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < numTuples && numCheckTuples > 0; i++) {
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                if ((i + 1) % (numTuples / Math.min(10, numTuples)) == 0) {
+                    LOGGER.info("Deleting Tuple " + (i + 1) + "/" + numTuples);
+                }
+            }
+            int checkTupleIdx = Math.abs(rnd.nextInt() % numCheckTuples);
+            CheckTuple checkTuple = checkTuples[checkTupleIdx];
+            createTupleFromCheckTuple(checkTuple, deleteTupleBuilder, deleteTuple, ctx.getFieldSerdes());
+            ctx.getIndexAccessor().delete(deleteTuple);
+
+            // Remove check tuple from expected results.
+            ctx.getCheckTuples().remove(checkTuple);
+
+            // Swap with last "valid" CheckTuple.
+            CheckTuple tmp = checkTuples[numCheckTuples - 1];
+            checkTuples[numCheckTuples - 1] = checkTuple;
+            checkTuples[checkTupleIdx] = tmp;
+            numCheckTuples--;
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeSearchOperatorNodePushable.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeSearchOperatorNodePushable.java
index c63fbb4..33c930c 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeSearchOperatorNodePushable.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeSearchOperatorNodePushable.java
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparator;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IRecordDescriptorProvider;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.RecordDescriptor;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
@@ -41,6 +40,7 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTree;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTreeSearchCursor;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.SearchPredicate;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
 
 public class RTreeSearchOperatorNodePushable extends AbstractUnaryInputUnaryOutputOperatorNodePushable {
     private TreeIndexDataflowHelper treeIndexHelper;
@@ -86,12 +86,8 @@
             writer.open();
             try {
                 rtree = (RTree) treeIndexHelper.getIndex();
-                int keySearchFields = rtree.getComparatorFactories().length;
-                IBinaryComparator[] keySearchComparators = new IBinaryComparator[keySearchFields];
-                for (int i = 0; i < keySearchFields; i++) {
-                    keySearchComparators[i] = rtree.getComparatorFactories()[i].createBinaryComparator();
-                }
-                cmp = new MultiComparator(keySearchComparators);
+                cmp = RTreeUtils.getSearchMultiComparator(rtree.getComparatorFactories(), searchKey);
+
                 searchPred = new SearchPredicate(searchKey, cmp);
                 writeBuffer = treeIndexHelper.getHyracksTaskContext().allocateFrame();
                 tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(rtree.getFieldCount());
@@ -140,7 +136,6 @@
             for (int i = 0; i < tupleCount; i++) {
                 searchKey.reset(accessor, i);
 
-                searchPred.setSearchKey(searchKey);
                 cursor.reset();
                 indexAccessor.search(cursor, searchPred);
                 writeSearchResults();
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8f77c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.DoubleSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public abstract class AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest extends RTreeTestDriver {
+
+    private final RTreeTestUtils rTreeTestUtils;
+    private final int bulkLoadRounds;
+
+    public AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest(int bulkLoadRounds) {
+        this.bulkLoadRounds = bulkLoadRounds;
+        this.rTreeTestUtils = new RTreeTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void runTest(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys, ITupleReference key) throws Exception {
+        AbstractRTreeTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys);
+        for (int i = 0; i < bulkLoadRounds; i++) {
+            // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first
+            // one to determine which field types to generate.
+            if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof IntegerSerializerDeserializer) {
+                rTreeTestUtils.bulkLoadIntTuples(ctx, numTuplesToInsert, getRandom());
+            } else if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof DoubleSerializerDeserializer) {
+                rTreeTestUtils.bulkLoadDoubleTuples(ctx, numTuplesToInsert, getRandom());
+            }
+
+            rTreeTestUtils.checkScan(ctx);
+            rTreeTestUtils.checkDiskOrderScan(ctx);
+            rTreeTestUtils.checkRangeSearch(ctx, key);
+            ctx.getIndex().close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected String getTestOpName() {
+        return "BulkLoad";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeDeleteTest.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeDeleteTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..796ba33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeDeleteTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.DoubleSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public abstract class AbstractRTreeDeleteTest extends RTreeTestDriver {
+
+    private final RTreeTestUtils rTreeTestUtils;
+
+    private static final int numInsertRounds = 2;
+    private static final int numDeleteRounds = 2;
+
+    public AbstractRTreeDeleteTest() {
+        this.rTreeTestUtils = new RTreeTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void runTest(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys, ITupleReference key) throws Exception {
+        AbstractRTreeTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numInsertRounds; i++) {
+            // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first
+            // one to determine which field types to generate.
+            if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof IntegerSerializerDeserializer) {
+                rTreeTestUtils.insertIntTuples(ctx, numTuplesToInsert, getRandom());
+            } else if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof DoubleSerializerDeserializer) {
+                rTreeTestUtils.insertDoubleTuples(ctx, numTuplesToInsert, getRandom());
+            }
+            int numTuplesPerDeleteRound = (int) Math
+                    .ceil((float) ctx.getCheckTuples().size() / (float) numDeleteRounds);
+            for (int j = 0; j < numDeleteRounds; j++) {
+                rTreeTestUtils.deleteTuples(ctx, numTuplesPerDeleteRound, getRandom());
+                rTreeTestUtils.checkScan(ctx);
+                rTreeTestUtils.checkDiskOrderScan(ctx);
+                rTreeTestUtils.checkRangeSearch(ctx, key);
+            }
+        }
+        ctx.getIndex().close();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected String getTestOpName() {
+        return "Delete";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeExamplesTest.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeExamplesTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f23a38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeExamplesTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,527 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparatorFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.accessors.PointableBinaryComparatorFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.DoublePointable;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.DoubleSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.util.TupleUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IIndexBulkLoadContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndex;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexCursor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.impls.TreeDiskOrderScanCursor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.SearchPredicate;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public abstract class AbstractRTreeExamplesTest {
+    protected static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(AbstractRTreeExamplesTest.class.getName());
+    protected final Random rnd = new Random(50);
+
+    protected abstract ITreeIndex createTreeIndex(ITypeTraits[] typeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories) throws TreeIndexException;
+
+    protected abstract int getIndexFileId();
+
+    /**
+     * Two Dimensions Example.
+     * 
+     * Create an RTree index of two dimensions, where they keys are of type
+     * integer, and the payload is two integer values. Fill index with random
+     * values using insertions (not bulk load). Perform scans and range search.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void twoDimensionsExample() throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Fixed-Length Key,Value Example.");
+        }
+
+        // Declare fields.
+        int fieldCount = 6;
+        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
+        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[2] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[3] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[4] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[5] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        // Declare field serdes.
+        ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+
+        // Declare keys.
+        int keyFieldCount = 4;
+        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
+        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[1] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[2] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[3] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+
+        // create value providers
+        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
+                cmpFactories.length, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+
+        int indexFileId = getIndexFileId();
+        ITreeIndex treeIndex = createTreeIndex(typeTraits, cmpFactories, valueProviderFactories);
+        treeIndex.create(indexFileId);
+        treeIndex.open(indexFileId);
+
+        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Inserting into tree...");
+        }
+        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = treeIndex.createAccessor();
+        int numInserts = 10000;
+        for (int i = 0; i < numInserts; i++) {
+            int p1x = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p1y = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p2x = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p2y = rnd.nextInt();
+
+            int pk1 = 5;
+            int pk2 = 10;
+
+            TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(tb, tuple, Math.min(p1x, p2x), Math.min(p1y, p2y), Math.max(p1x, p2x),
+                    Math.max(p1y, p2y), pk1, pk2);
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                if (i % 1000 == 0) {
+                    LOGGER.info("Inserting " + i + " " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
+                            + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y) + ", " + pk1 + ", " + pk2);
+                }
+            }
+            try {
+                indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
+            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
+            }
+        }
+        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info(numInserts + " inserts in " + (end - start) + "ms");
+        }
+
+        scan(indexAccessor, fieldSerdes);
+        diskOrderScan(indexAccessor, fieldSerdes);
+
+        // Build key.
+        ArrayTupleBuilder keyTb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(keyFieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference key = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(keyTb, key, -1000, -1000, 1000, 1000);
+
+        rangeSearch(cmpFactories, indexAccessor, fieldSerdes, key);
+
+        treeIndex.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Two Dimensions Example.
+     * 
+     * Create an RTree index of three dimensions, where they keys are of type
+     * double, and the payload is one double value. Fill index with random
+     * values using insertions (not bulk load). Perform scans and range search.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void threeDimensionsExample() throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Fixed-Length Key,Value Example.");
+        }
+
+        // Declare fields.
+        int fieldCount = 7;
+        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
+        typeTraits[0] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[1] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[2] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[3] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[4] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[5] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[6] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        // Declare field serdes.
+        ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+
+        // Declare keys.
+        int keyFieldCount = 6;
+        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
+        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[1] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[2] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[3] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[4] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[5] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+
+        // create value providers
+        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
+                cmpFactories.length, DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+
+        int indexFileId = getIndexFileId();
+        ITreeIndex treeIndex = createTreeIndex(typeTraits, cmpFactories, valueProviderFactories);
+        treeIndex.create(indexFileId);
+        treeIndex.open(indexFileId);
+
+        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Inserting into tree...");
+        }
+        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = treeIndex.createAccessor();
+        int numInserts = 10000;
+        for (int i = 0; i < numInserts; i++) {
+            double p1x = rnd.nextDouble();
+            double p1y = rnd.nextDouble();
+            double p1z = rnd.nextDouble();
+            double p2x = rnd.nextDouble();
+            double p2y = rnd.nextDouble();
+            double p2z = rnd.nextDouble();
+
+            double pk = 5.0;
+
+            TupleUtils.createDoubleTuple(tb, tuple, Math.min(p1x, p2x), Math.min(p1y, p2y), Math.min(p1z, p2z),
+                    Math.max(p1x, p2x), Math.max(p1y, p2y), Math.max(p1z, p2z), pk);
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                if (i % 1000 == 0) {
+                    LOGGER.info("Inserting " + i + " " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
+                            + Math.min(p1z, p2z) + " " + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y) + " "
+                            + Math.max(p1z, p2z) + ", " + pk);
+                }
+            }
+            try {
+                indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
+            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
+            }
+        }
+        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info(numInserts + " inserts in " + (end - start) + "ms");
+        }
+
+        scan(indexAccessor, fieldSerdes);
+        diskOrderScan(indexAccessor, fieldSerdes);
+
+        // Build key.
+        ArrayTupleBuilder keyTb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(keyFieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference key = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        TupleUtils.createDoubleTuple(keyTb, key, -1000.0, -1000.0, -1000.0, 1000.0, 1000.0, 1000.0);
+
+        rangeSearch(cmpFactories, indexAccessor, fieldSerdes, key);
+
+        treeIndex.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deletion Example.
+     * 
+     * Create an RTree index of two dimensions, where they keys are of type
+     * integer, and the payload is one integer value. Fill index with random
+     * values using insertions, then delete entries one-by-one. Repeat procedure
+     * a few times on same RTree.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void deleteExample() throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Deletion Example");
+        }
+
+        // Declare fields.
+        int fieldCount = 5;
+        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
+        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[2] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[3] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[4] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+
+        // Declare keys.
+        int keyFieldCount = 4;
+        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
+        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[1] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[2] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[3] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+
+        // create value providers
+        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
+                cmpFactories.length, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+
+        int indexFileId = getIndexFileId();
+        ITreeIndex treeIndex = createTreeIndex(typeTraits, cmpFactories, valueProviderFactories);
+        treeIndex.create(indexFileId);
+        treeIndex.open(indexFileId);
+
+        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = treeIndex.createAccessor();
+
+        int runs = 3;
+        for (int run = 0; run < runs; run++) {
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                LOGGER.info("Deletion example run: " + (run + 1) + "/" + runs);
+                LOGGER.info("Inserting into tree...");
+            }
+
+            int numInserts = 10000;
+            int[] p1xs = new int[numInserts];
+            int[] p1ys = new int[numInserts];
+            int[] p2xs = new int[numInserts];
+            int[] p2ys = new int[numInserts];
+            int[] pks = new int[numInserts];
+            int insDone = 0;
+
+            int[] insDoneCmp = new int[numInserts];
+            for (int i = 0; i < numInserts; i++) {
+                int p1x = rnd.nextInt();
+                int p1y = rnd.nextInt();
+                int p2x = rnd.nextInt();
+                int p2y = rnd.nextInt();
+                int pk = 5;
+
+                p1xs[i] = Math.min(p1x, p2x);
+                p1ys[i] = Math.min(p1y, p2y);
+                p2xs[i] = Math.max(p1x, p2x);
+                p2ys[i] = Math.max(p1y, p2y);
+                pks[i] = pk;
+
+                TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(tb, tuple, Math.min(p1x, p2x), Math.min(p1y, p2y), Math.max(p1x, p2x),
+                        Math.max(p1y, p2y), pk);
+                if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                    if (i % 1000 == 0) {
+                        LOGGER.info("Inserting " + i);
+                    }
+                }
+                try {
+                    indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
+                } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
+                }
+                insDoneCmp[i] = insDone;
+            }
+
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                LOGGER.info("Deleting from tree...");
+            }
+            int delDone = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < numInserts; i++) {
+                TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(tb, tuple, p1xs[i], p1ys[i], p2xs[i], p2ys[i], pks[i]);
+                if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                    if (i % 1000 == 0) {
+                        LOGGER.info("Deleting " + i);
+                    }
+                }
+                try {
+                    indexAccessor.delete(tuple);
+                    delDone++;
+                } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
+                }
+                if (insDoneCmp[i] != delDone) {
+                    if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                        LOGGER.info("INCONSISTENT STATE, ERROR IN DELETION EXAMPLE.");
+                        LOGGER.info("INSDONECMP: " + insDoneCmp[i] + " " + delDone);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (insDone != delDone) {
+                if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                    LOGGER.info("ERROR! INSDONE: " + insDone + " DELDONE: " + delDone);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        treeIndex.close();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Bulk load example.
+     * 
+     * Load a tree with 10,000 tuples.
+     * 
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void bulkLoadExample() throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Bulk load example");
+        }
+        // Declare fields.
+        int fieldCount = 5;
+        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
+        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[2] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[3] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[4] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+
+        // Declare field serdes.
+        ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+
+        // Declare keys.
+        int keyFieldCount = 4;
+        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
+        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[1] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[2] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[3] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+
+        // create value providers
+        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
+                cmpFactories.length, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+
+        int indexFileId = getIndexFileId();
+        ITreeIndex treeIndex = createTreeIndex(typeTraits, cmpFactories, valueProviderFactories);
+        treeIndex.create(indexFileId);
+        treeIndex.open(indexFileId);
+
+        // Load records.
+        int numInserts = 10000;
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Bulk loading " + numInserts + " tuples");
+        }
+        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        IIndexBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx = treeIndex.beginBulkLoad(0.7f);
+        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < numInserts; i++) {
+            int p1x = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p1y = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p2x = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p2y = rnd.nextInt();
+
+            int pk = 5;
+
+            TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(tb, tuple, Math.min(p1x, p2x), Math.min(p1y, p2y), Math.max(p1x, p2x),
+                    Math.max(p1y, p2y), pk);
+            treeIndex.bulkLoadAddTuple(tuple, bulkLoadCtx);
+        }
+
+        treeIndex.endBulkLoad(bulkLoadCtx);
+        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info(numInserts + " tuples loaded in " + (end - start) + "ms");
+        }
+
+        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = treeIndex.createAccessor();
+
+        // Build key.
+        ArrayTupleBuilder keyTb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(keyFieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference key = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(keyTb, key, -1000, -1000, 1000, 1000);
+
+        rangeSearch(cmpFactories, indexAccessor, fieldSerdes, key);
+
+        treeIndex.close();
+    }
+
+    private void scan(ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor, ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes) throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Scan:");
+        }
+        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = indexAccessor.createSearchCursor();
+        SearchPredicate nullPred = new SearchPredicate(null, null);
+        indexAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
+        try {
+            while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
+                scanCursor.next();
+                ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
+                String rec = TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, fieldSerdes);
+                if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                    LOGGER.info(rec);
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            scanCursor.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void diskOrderScan(ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor, ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes)
+            throws Exception {
+        try {
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                LOGGER.info("Disk-Order Scan:");
+            }
+            TreeDiskOrderScanCursor diskOrderCursor = (TreeDiskOrderScanCursor) indexAccessor
+                    .createDiskOrderScanCursor();
+            indexAccessor.diskOrderScan(diskOrderCursor);
+            try {
+                while (diskOrderCursor.hasNext()) {
+                    diskOrderCursor.next();
+                    ITupleReference frameTuple = diskOrderCursor.getTuple();
+                    String rec = TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, fieldSerdes);
+                    if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                        LOGGER.info(rec);
+                    }
+                }
+            } finally {
+                diskOrderCursor.close();
+            }
+        } catch (UnsupportedOperationException e) {
+            // Ignore exception because some indexes, e.g. the LSMRTree, don't
+            // support disk-order scan.
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                LOGGER.info("Ignoring disk-order scan since it's not supported.");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void rangeSearch(IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories, ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor,
+            ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, ITupleReference key) throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            String kString = TupleUtils.printTuple(key, fieldSerdes);
+            LOGGER.info("Range-Search using key: " + kString);
+        }
+        ITreeIndexCursor rangeCursor = indexAccessor.createSearchCursor();
+        MultiComparator cmp = RTreeUtils.getSearchMultiComparator(cmpFactories, key);
+        SearchPredicate rangePred = new SearchPredicate(key, cmp);
+        indexAccessor.search(rangeCursor, rangePred);
+        try {
+            while (rangeCursor.hasNext()) {
+                rangeCursor.next();
+                ITupleReference frameTuple = rangeCursor.getTuple();
+                String rec = TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, fieldSerdes);
+                if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                    LOGGER.info(rec);
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            rangeCursor.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeInsertTest.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeInsertTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c23cbaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeInsertTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.DoubleSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Tests the RTree insert operation with integer and double fields using various
+ * numbers of dimensions and payload fields.
+ * 
+ * Each tests first fills an RTree with randomly generated tuples. We compare
+ * the following operations against expected results: 1. RTree scan. 3.
+ * Disk-order scan. 4. Range search.
+ * 
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public abstract class AbstractRTreeInsertTest extends RTreeTestDriver {
+
+    private final RTreeTestUtils rTreeTestUtils;
+
+    public AbstractRTreeInsertTest() {
+        this.rTreeTestUtils = new RTreeTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void runTest(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys, ITupleReference key) throws Exception {
+        AbstractRTreeTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys);
+        // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first one
+        // to determine which field types to generate.
+        if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof IntegerSerializerDeserializer) {
+            rTreeTestUtils.insertIntTuples(ctx, numTuplesToInsert, getRandom());
+        } else if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof DoubleSerializerDeserializer) {
+            rTreeTestUtils.insertDoubleTuples(ctx, numTuplesToInsert, getRandom());
+        }
+
+        rTreeTestUtils.checkScan(ctx);
+        rTreeTestUtils.checkDiskOrderScan(ctx);
+        rTreeTestUtils.checkRangeSearch(ctx, key);
+        ctx.getIndex().close();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected String getTestOpName() {
+        return "Insert";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeTestContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4af787
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/AbstractRTreeTestContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndex;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test.TreeIndexTestContext;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public abstract class AbstractRTreeTestContext extends TreeIndexTestContext<RTreeCheckTuple> {
+    private final ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple> checkTuples = new ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple>();
+
+    public AbstractRTreeTestContext(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, ITreeIndex treeIndex) {
+        super(fieldSerdes, treeIndex);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void insertCheckTuple(RTreeCheckTuple checkTuple, Collection<RTreeCheckTuple> checkTuples) {
+        checkTuples.add(checkTuple);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Collection<RTreeCheckTuple> getCheckTuples() {
+        return checkTuples;
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeCheckTuple.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeCheckTuple.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1792f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeCheckTuple.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test.CheckTuple;
+
+@SuppressWarnings({ "rawtypes", "unchecked" })
+public class RTreeCheckTuple<T> extends CheckTuple {
+
+    public RTreeCheckTuple(int numFields, int numKeys) {
+        super(numFields, numKeys);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object o) {
+        RTreeCheckTuple<T> other = (RTreeCheckTuple<T>) o;
+        for (int i = 0; i < numKeys; i++) {
+            int cmp = tuple[i].compareTo(other.get(i));
+            if (cmp != 0) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public boolean intersect(T o) {
+        RTreeCheckTuple<T> other = (RTreeCheckTuple<T>) o;
+        int maxFieldPos = numKeys / 2;
+        for (int i = 0; i < maxFieldPos; i++) {
+            int j = maxFieldPos + i;
+            int cmp = tuple[i].compareTo(other.get(j));
+            if (cmp > 0) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            cmp = tuple[j].compareTo(other.get(i));
+            if (cmp < 0) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeTestDriver.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeTestDriver.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..febb5b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeTestDriver.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.DoublePointable;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.DoubleSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.util.TupleUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public abstract class RTreeTestDriver {
+    protected final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(RTreeTestDriver.class.getName());
+
+    protected static final int numTuplesToInsert = 10000;
+
+    protected abstract AbstractRTreeTestContext createTestContext(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys) throws Exception;
+
+    protected abstract Random getRandom();
+
+    protected abstract void runTest(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys, ITupleReference key) throws Exception;
+
+    protected abstract String getTestOpName();
+
+    @Test
+    public void twoDimensionsInt() throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("RTree " + getTestOpName() + " Test With Two Dimensions With Integer Keys.");
+        }
+
+        ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+
+        int numKeys = 4;
+        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
+                numKeys, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        // Range search, the rectangle bottom left coordinates are -1000, -1000
+        // and the top right coordinates are 1000, 1000
+        ITupleReference key = TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(-1000, -1000, 1000, 1000);
+
+        runTest(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, key);
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void twoDimensionsDouble() throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("RTree " + getTestOpName() + " Test With Two Dimensions With Double Keys.");
+        }
+
+        ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+
+        int numKeys = 4;
+        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
+                numKeys, DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+        // Range search, the rectangle bottom left coordinates are -1000.0,
+        // -1000.0 and the top right coordinates are 1000.0, 1000.0
+        ITupleReference key = TupleUtils.createDoubleTuple(-1000.0, -1000.0, 1000.0, 1000.0);
+
+        runTest(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, key);
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void fourDimensionsDouble() throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("RTree " + getTestOpName() + " Test With Four Dimensions With Double Keys.");
+        }
+
+        ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+
+        int numKeys = 8;
+        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
+                numKeys, DoublePointable.FACTORY);
+        // Range search, the rectangle bottom left coordinates are -1000.0,
+        // -1000.0, -1000.0, -1000.0 and the top right coordinates are 1000.0,
+        // 1000.0, 1000.0, 1000.0
+        ITupleReference key = TupleUtils.createDoubleTuple(-1000.0, -1000.0, -1000.0, -1000.0, 1000.0, 1000.0, 1000.0,
+                1000.0);
+
+        runTest(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, key);
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeTestUtils.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeTestUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8020be4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/tests/RTreeTestUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.util.TupleUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ISearchPredicate;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexCursor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test.CheckTuple;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test.ITreeIndexTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.test.TreeIndexTestUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.SearchPredicate;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public class RTreeTestUtils extends TreeIndexTestUtils {
+    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(RTreeTestUtils.class.getName());
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    // Create a new ArrayList containing the elements satisfying the search key
+    public ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple> getRangeSearchExpectedResults(ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple> checkTuples,
+            RTreeCheckTuple key) {
+        ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple> expectedResult = new ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple>();
+        Iterator<RTreeCheckTuple> iter = checkTuples.iterator();
+        while (iter.hasNext()) {
+            RTreeCheckTuple t = iter.next();
+            if (t.intersect(key)) {
+                expectedResult.add(t);
+            }
+        }
+        return expectedResult;
+    }
+
+    public void checkRangeSearch(ITreeIndexTestContext ictx, ITupleReference key) throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("Testing Range Search.");
+        }
+        AbstractRTreeTestContext ctx = (AbstractRTreeTestContext) ictx;
+        MultiComparator cmp = RTreeUtils.getSearchMultiComparator(ctx.getComparatorFactories(), key);
+
+        ITreeIndexCursor searchCursor = ctx.getIndexAccessor().createSearchCursor();
+        SearchPredicate searchPred = new SearchPredicate(key, cmp);
+        ctx.getIndexAccessor().search(searchCursor, searchPred);
+
+        // Get the subset of elements from the expected set within given key
+        // range.
+        RTreeCheckTuple keyCheck = (RTreeCheckTuple) createCheckTupleFromTuple(key, ctx.getFieldSerdes(),
+                cmp.getKeyFieldCount());
+
+        ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple> expectedResult = null;
+
+        expectedResult = getRangeSearchExpectedResults((ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple>) ctx.getCheckTuples(), keyCheck);
+        checkExpectedResults(searchCursor, expectedResult, ctx.getFieldSerdes(), ctx.getKeyFieldCount());
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void insertDoubleTuples(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx, int numTuples, Random rnd) throws Exception {
+        int fieldCount = ctx.getFieldCount();
+        int numKeyFields = ctx.getKeyFieldCount();
+        double[] fieldValues = new double[ctx.getFieldCount()];
+        // Scale range of values according to number of keys.
+        // For example, for 2 keys we want the square root of numTuples, for 3
+        // keys the cube root of numTuples, etc.
+        double maxValue = Math.ceil(Math.pow(numTuples, 1.0 / (double) numKeyFields));
+        for (int i = 0; i < numTuples; i++) {
+            // Set keys.
+            setDoubleKeyFields(fieldValues, numKeyFields, maxValue, rnd);
+            // Set values.
+            for (int j = numKeyFields; j < fieldCount; j++) {
+                fieldValues[j] = j;
+            }
+            TupleUtils.createDoubleTuple(ctx.getTupleBuilder(), ctx.getTuple(), fieldValues);
+            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+                if ((i + 1) % (numTuples / Math.min(10, numTuples)) == 0) {
+                    LOGGER.info("Inserting Tuple " + (i + 1) + "/" + numTuples);
+                }
+            }
+            boolean succeeded = insertTuple(ctx);
+            if (succeeded) {
+                ctx.insertCheckTuple(createDoubleCheckTuple(fieldValues, ctx.getKeyFieldCount()), ctx.getCheckTuples());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void setDoubleKeyFields(double[] fieldValues, int numKeyFields, double maxValue, Random rnd) {
+        int maxFieldPos = numKeyFields / 2;
+        for (int j = 0; j < maxFieldPos; j++) {
+            int k = maxFieldPos + j;
+            double firstValue = rnd.nextDouble() % maxValue;
+            double secondValue;
+            do {
+                secondValue = rnd.nextDouble() % maxValue;
+            } while (secondValue < firstValue);
+            fieldValues[j] = firstValue;
+            fieldValues[k] = secondValue;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    protected CheckTuple createDoubleCheckTuple(double[] fieldValues, int numKeyFields) {
+        RTreeCheckTuple<Double> checkTuple = new RTreeCheckTuple<Double>(fieldValues.length, numKeyFields);
+        for (double v : fieldValues) {
+            checkTuple.add(v);
+        }
+        return checkTuple;
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public void bulkLoadDoubleTuples(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx, int numTuples, Random rnd) throws Exception {
+        int fieldCount = ctx.getFieldCount();
+        int numKeyFields = ctx.getKeyFieldCount();
+        double[] fieldValues = new double[ctx.getFieldCount()];
+        double maxValue = Math.ceil(Math.pow(numTuples, 1.0 / (double) numKeyFields));
+        Collection<CheckTuple> tmpCheckTuples = createCheckTuplesCollection();
+        for (int i = 0; i < numTuples; i++) {
+            // Set keys.
+            setDoubleKeyFields(fieldValues, numKeyFields, maxValue, rnd);
+            // Set values.
+            for (int j = numKeyFields; j < fieldCount; j++) {
+                fieldValues[j] = j;
+            }
+
+            // Set expected values.
+            ctx.insertCheckTuple(createDoubleCheckTuple(fieldValues, ctx.getKeyFieldCount()), tmpCheckTuples);
+        }
+        bulkLoadCheckTuples(ctx, tmpCheckTuples);
+
+        // Add tmpCheckTuples to ctx check tuples for comparing searches.
+        for (CheckTuple checkTuple : tmpCheckTuples) {
+            ctx.insertCheckTuple(checkTuple, ctx.getCheckTuples());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void checkExpectedResults(ITreeIndexCursor cursor, Collection checkTuples,
+            ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, int keyFieldCount) throws Exception {
+        int actualCount = 0;
+        try {
+            while (cursor.hasNext()) {
+                cursor.next();
+                ITupleReference tuple = cursor.getTuple();
+                RTreeCheckTuple checkTuple = (RTreeCheckTuple) createCheckTupleFromTuple(tuple, fieldSerdes,
+                        keyFieldCount);
+                if (!checkTuples.contains(checkTuple)) {
+                    fail("Scan or range search returned unexpected answer: " + checkTuple.toString());
+                }
+                actualCount++;
+            }
+            if (actualCount < checkTuples.size()) {
+                fail("Scan or range search returned fewer answers than expected.\nExpected: " + checkTuples.size()
+                        + "\nActual  : " + actualCount);
+            }
+            if (actualCount > checkTuples.size()) {
+                fail("Scan or range search returned more answers than expected.\nExpected: " + checkTuples.size()
+                        + "\nActual  : " + actualCount);
+            }
+        } finally {
+            cursor.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected CheckTuple createCheckTuple(int numFields, int numKeyFields) {
+        return new RTreeCheckTuple(numFields, numKeyFields);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected ISearchPredicate createNullSearchPredicate() {
+        return new SearchPredicate(null, null);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @Override
+    protected CheckTuple createIntCheckTuple(int[] fieldValues, int numKeyFields) {
+        RTreeCheckTuple<Integer> checkTuple = new RTreeCheckTuple<Integer>(fieldValues.length, numKeyFields);
+        for (int v : fieldValues) {
+            checkTuple.add(v);
+        }
+        return checkTuple;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setIntKeyFields(int[] fieldValues, int numKeyFields, int maxValue, Random rnd) {
+        int maxFieldPos = numKeyFields / 2;
+        for (int j = 0; j < maxFieldPos; j++) {
+            int k = maxFieldPos + j;
+            int firstValue = rnd.nextInt() % maxValue;
+            int secondValue;
+            do {
+                secondValue = rnd.nextInt() % maxValue;
+            } while (secondValue < firstValue);
+            fieldValues[j] = firstValue;
+            fieldValues[k] = secondValue;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean insertTuple(ITreeIndexTestContext ctx) throws Exception {
+        ctx.getIndexAccessor().insert(ctx.getTuple());
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Collection createCheckTuplesCollection() {
+        return new ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple>();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/util/RTreeUtils.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/util/RTreeUtils.java
index 74e4840..f17d1ab 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/util/RTreeUtils.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/util/RTreeUtils.java
@@ -15,11 +15,55 @@
 
 package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util;
 
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparator;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparatorFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.api.IPointableFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IFreePageManager;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.data.PointablePrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManager;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTree;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tuples.RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
 
 public class RTreeUtils {
+    public static RTree createRTree(IBufferCache bufferCache, int rtreeFileId, ITypeTraits[] typeTraits,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories) {
+
+        RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
+        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
+                valueProviderFactories);
+        ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
+                valueProviderFactories);
+        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
+
+        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, rtreeFileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
+        RTree rtree = new RTree(bufferCache, typeTraits.length, cmpFactories, freePageManager, interiorFrameFactory,
+                leafFrameFactory);
+        return rtree;
+    }
+
+    // Creates a new MultiComparator by constructing new IBinaryComparators.
+    public static MultiComparator getSearchMultiComparator(IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories,
+            ITupleReference searchKey) {
+        if (searchKey == null || cmpFactories.length == searchKey.getFieldCount()) {
+            return MultiComparator.create(cmpFactories);
+        }
+        IBinaryComparator[] newCmps = new IBinaryComparator[searchKey.getFieldCount()];
+        for (int i = 0; i < searchKey.getFieldCount(); i++) {
+            newCmps[i] = cmpFactories[i].createBinaryComparator();
+        }
+        return new MultiComparator(newCmps);
+    }
+
     public static IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(int len, IPointableFactory pf) {
         IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] pvpfs = new IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[len];
         for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
@@ -27,4 +71,4 @@
         }
         return pvpfs;
     }
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 8f619a4..0000000
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * you may obtain a copy of the License from
- * 
- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- * 
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
-
-import java.io.File;
-import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
-import java.util.Date;
-import java.util.logging.Logger;
-
-import org.junit.AfterClass;
-
-public abstract class AbstractRTreeTest {
-
-	protected static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(AbstractRTreeTest.class.getName());
-	protected final static SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(
-			"ddMMyy-hhmmssSS");
-	protected final static String tmpDir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
-	protected final static String sep = System.getProperty("file.separator");
-	protected final static String fileName = tmpDir + sep
-			+ simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
-
-	@AfterClass
-	public static void cleanup() throws Exception {
-		File f = new File(fileName);
-		f.deleteOnExit();
-	}
-}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeBulkLoadTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeBulkLoadTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9eeaf26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeBulkLoadTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.AbstractRTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestHarness;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public class RTreeBulkLoadTest extends AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest {
+
+    public RTreeBulkLoadTest() {
+        super(1);
+    }
+
+    private final RTreeTestHarness harness = new RTreeTestHarness();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.setUp();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected AbstractRTreeTestContext createTestContext(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys) throws Exception {
+        return (AbstractRTreeTestContext) RTreeTestContext.create(harness.getBufferCache(), harness.getTreeFileId(),
+                fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random getRandom() {
+        return harness.getRandom();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeDeleteTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeDeleteTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86b3684
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeDeleteTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.AbstractRTreeDeleteTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.AbstractRTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestHarness;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public class RTreeDeleteTest extends AbstractRTreeDeleteTest {
+
+    private final RTreeTestHarness harness = new RTreeTestHarness();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.setUp();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected AbstractRTreeTestContext createTestContext(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys) throws Exception {
+        return (AbstractRTreeTestContext) RTreeTestContext.create(harness.getBufferCache(), harness.getTreeFileId(),
+                fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random getRandom() {
+        return harness.getRandom();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeExamplesTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeExamplesTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f31352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeExamplesTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparatorFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndex;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.AbstractRTreeExamplesTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestHarness;
+
+public class RTreeExamplesTest extends AbstractRTreeExamplesTest {
+    private final RTreeTestHarness harness = new RTreeTestHarness();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.setUp();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    protected ITreeIndex createTreeIndex(ITypeTraits[] typeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories) throws TreeIndexException {
+        return RTreeUtils.createRTree(harness.getBufferCache(), harness.getTreeFileId(), typeTraits,
+                valueProviderFactories, cmpFactories);
+    }
+
+    protected int getIndexFileId() {
+        return harness.getTreeFileId();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeInsertTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeInsertTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a0cb6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeInsertTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.AbstractRTreeInsertTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.AbstractRTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestHarness;
+
+/**
+ * Tests the BTree insert operation with strings and integer fields using
+ * various numbers of key and payload fields.
+ * 
+ * Each tests first fills a BTree with randomly generated tuples. We compare the
+ * following operations against expected results: 1. Point searches for all
+ * tuples. 2. Ordered scan. 3. Disk-order scan. 4. Range search (and prefix
+ * search for composite keys).
+ * 
+ */
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public class RTreeInsertTest extends AbstractRTreeInsertTest {
+
+    private final RTreeTestHarness harness = new RTreeTestHarness();
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.setUp();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected AbstractRTreeTestContext createTestContext(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes,
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys) throws Exception {
+        return (AbstractRTreeTestContext) RTreeTestContext.create(harness.getBufferCache(), harness.getTreeFileId(),
+                fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random getRandom() {
+        return harness.getRandom();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeSearchCursorTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeSearchCursorTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cacb9fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeSearchCursorTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.logging.Level;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparatorFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.accessors.PointableBinaryComparatorFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.util.TupleUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IFreePageManager;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexCursor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManager;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.api.IRTreeInteriorFrame;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.api.IRTreeLeafFrame;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTree;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTreeSearchCursor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.SearchPredicate;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.RTreeCheckTuple;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.RTreeTestUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tuples.RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.AbstractRTreeTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
+
+public class RTreeSearchCursorTest extends AbstractRTreeTest {
+
+    private final RTreeTestUtils rTreeTestUtils;
+    private Random rnd = new Random(50);
+
+    public RTreeSearchCursorTest() {
+        this.rTreeTestUtils = new RTreeTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
+        super.setUp();
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
+    @Test
+    public void rangeSearchTest() throws Exception {
+        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
+            LOGGER.info("TESTING RANGE SEARCH CURSOR FOR RTREE");
+        }
+
+        IBufferCache bufferCache = harness.getBufferCache();
+        int rtreeFileId = harness.getTreeFileId();
+
+        // Declare fields.
+        int fieldCount = 5;
+        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
+        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[2] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[3] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        typeTraits[4] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
+        // Declare field serdes.
+        ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+
+        // Declare keys.
+        int keyFieldCount = 4;
+        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
+        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[1] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[2] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+        cmpFactories[3] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+
+        // create value providers
+        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
+                cmpFactories.length, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+
+        RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
+        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
+
+        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
+                valueProviderFactories);
+        ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
+                valueProviderFactories);
+
+        IRTreeInteriorFrame interiorFrame = (IRTreeInteriorFrame) interiorFrameFactory.createFrame();
+        IRTreeLeafFrame leafFrame = (IRTreeLeafFrame) leafFrameFactory.createFrame();
+        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, rtreeFileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
+
+        RTree rtree = new RTree(bufferCache, fieldCount, cmpFactories, freePageManager, interiorFrameFactory,
+                leafFrameFactory);
+        rtree.create(rtreeFileId);
+        rtree.open(rtreeFileId);
+
+        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = rtree.createAccessor();
+        int numInserts = 10000;
+        ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple> checkTuples = new ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < numInserts; i++) {
+            int p1x = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p1y = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p2x = rnd.nextInt();
+            int p2y = rnd.nextInt();
+
+            int pk = 5;
+
+            TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(tb, tuple, Math.min(p1x, p2x), Math.min(p1y, p2y), Math.max(p1x, p2x),
+                    Math.max(p1y, p2y), pk);
+            try {
+                indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
+            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
+            }
+            RTreeCheckTuple checkTuple = new RTreeCheckTuple(fieldCount, keyFieldCount);
+            checkTuple.add(Math.min(p1x, p2x));
+            checkTuple.add(Math.min(p1y, p2y));
+            checkTuple.add(Math.max(p1x, p2x));
+            checkTuple.add(Math.max(p1y, p2y));
+            
+            checkTuples.add(checkTuple);
+        }
+
+        // Build key.
+        ArrayTupleBuilder keyTb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(keyFieldCount);
+        ArrayTupleReference key = new ArrayTupleReference();
+        TupleUtils.createIntegerTuple(keyTb, key, -1000, -1000, 1000, 1000);
+
+        MultiComparator cmp = MultiComparator.create(cmpFactories);
+        ITreeIndexCursor searchCursor = new RTreeSearchCursor(interiorFrame, leafFrame);
+        SearchPredicate searchPredicate = new SearchPredicate(key, cmp);
+
+        RTreeCheckTuple keyCheck = (RTreeCheckTuple) rTreeTestUtils.createCheckTupleFromTuple(key, fieldSerdes,
+                keyFieldCount);
+        ArrayList<RTreeCheckTuple> expectedResult = rTreeTestUtils.getRangeSearchExpectedResults(checkTuples, keyCheck);
+
+        rTreeTestUtils.getRangeSearchExpectedResults(checkTuples, keyCheck);
+        indexAccessor.search(searchCursor, searchPredicate);
+
+        rTreeTestUtils.checkExpectedResults(searchCursor, expectedResult, fieldSerdes, keyFieldCount);
+
+        rtree.close();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index e42e92e..0000000
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,760 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * you may obtain a copy of the License from
- * 
- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- * 
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
-
-import java.io.DataOutput;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.util.Random;
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.comm.IFrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparatorFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.RecordDescriptor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.accessors.PointableBinaryComparatorFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.DoublePointable;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAppender;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.FrameTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.DoubleSerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.util.TupleUtils;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.impls.TreeDiskOrderScanCursor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.util.TreeIndexStats;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.util.TreeIndexStatsGatherer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.api.IRTreeFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tuples.RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestUtils;
-
-public class RTreeTest extends AbstractRTreeTest {
-    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 256;
-    private static final int NUM_PAGES = 10;
-    private static final int MAX_OPEN_FILES = 10;
-    private static final int HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE = 128;
-    private IHyracksTaskContext ctx = TestUtils.create(HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE);
-
-    // create an R-tree of two dimensions
-    // fill the R-tree with random values using insertions
-    // perform ordered scan
-    @Test
-    public void test01() throws Exception {
-
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 4;
-        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
-        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
-        cmpFactories[1] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[2] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[3] = cmpFactories[0];
-
-        // declare tuple fields
-        int fieldCount = 7;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[2] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[3] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[4] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[5] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[6] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // create value providers
-        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
-                cmpFactories.length, DoublePointable.FACTORY);
-
-        RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrame metaFrame = metaFrameFactory.createFrame();
-
-        IRTreeFrame interiorFrame = (IRTreeFrame) interiorFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IRTreeFrame leafFrame = (IRTreeFrame) leafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        RTree rtree = new RTree(bufferCache, fieldCount, cmpFactories, freePageManager, interiorFrameFactory, leafFrameFactory);
-        rtree.create(fileId);
-        rtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer hyracksFrame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(hyracksFrame);
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = rtree.createAccessor();
-
-        Random rnd = new Random();
-        rnd.setSeed(50);
-
-        Random rnd2 = new Random();
-        rnd2.setSeed(50);
-        for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
-
-            double p1x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p1y = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2y = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            double pk1 = rnd2.nextDouble();
-            int pk2 = rnd2.nextInt();
-            double pk3 = rnd2.nextDouble();
-
-            tb.reset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk2, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk3, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(hyracksFrame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                if (i % 1000 == 0) {
-                    LOGGER.info("INSERTING " + i + " " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
-                            + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y));
-                }
-            }
-
-            try {
-                indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        String rtreeStats = rtree.printStats();
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info(rtreeStats);
-        }
-
-        // disk-order scan
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info("DISK-ORDER SCAN:");
-        }
-        TreeDiskOrderScanCursor diskOrderCursor = new TreeDiskOrderScanCursor(leafFrame);
-        indexAccessor.diskOrderScan(diskOrderCursor);
-        try {
-            while (diskOrderCursor.hasNext()) {
-                diskOrderCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = diskOrderCursor.getTuple();
-                String rec = TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, recDescSers);
-                if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                    LOGGER.info(rec);
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            diskOrderCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        TreeIndexStatsGatherer statsGatherer = new TreeIndexStatsGatherer(bufferCache, freePageManager, fileId,
-                rtree.getRootPageId());
-        TreeIndexStats stats = statsGatherer.gatherStats(leafFrame, interiorFrame, metaFrame);
-        String string = stats.toString();
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info(string);
-        }
-
-        rtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        bufferCache.close();
-
-    }
-
-    // create an R-tree of two dimensions
-    // fill the R-tree with random values using insertions
-    // and then delete all the tuples which result of an empty R-tree
-    @Test
-    public void test02() throws Exception {
-
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 4;
-        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
-        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
-        cmpFactories[1] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[2] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[3] = cmpFactories[0];
-
-        // declare tuple fields
-        int fieldCount = 7;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[2] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[3] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[4] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[5] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[6] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // create value providers
-        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
-                cmpFactories.length, DoublePointable.FACTORY);
-
-        RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrame metaFrame = metaFrameFactory.createFrame();
-
-        IRTreeFrame interiorFrame = (IRTreeFrame) interiorFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IRTreeFrame leafFrame = (IRTreeFrame) leafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        RTree rtree = new RTree(bufferCache, fieldCount, cmpFactories, freePageManager, interiorFrameFactory, leafFrameFactory);
-        rtree.create(fileId);
-        rtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer hyracksFrame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(hyracksFrame);
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = rtree.createAccessor();
-
-        Random rnd = new Random();
-        rnd.setSeed(50);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
-
-            double p1x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p1y = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2y = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            double pk1 = rnd.nextDouble();
-            int pk2 = rnd.nextInt();
-            double pk3 = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            tb.reset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk2, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk3, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(hyracksFrame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                if (i % 1000 == 0) {
-                    LOGGER.info("INSERTING " + i + " " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
-                            + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y));
-                }
-            }
-
-            try {
-                indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        String rtreeStats = rtree.printStats();
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info(rtreeStats);
-        }
-
-        rnd.setSeed(50);
-        for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
-
-            double p1x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p1y = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2y = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            double pk1 = rnd.nextDouble();
-            int pk2 = rnd.nextInt();
-            double pk3 = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            tb.reset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk2, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk3, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(hyracksFrame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                if (i % 1000 == 0) {
-                    LOGGER.info("DELETING " + i + " " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
-                            + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y));
-                }
-            }
-
-            try {
-                indexAccessor.delete(tuple);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        TreeIndexStatsGatherer statsGatherer = new TreeIndexStatsGatherer(bufferCache, freePageManager, fileId,
-                rtree.getRootPageId());
-        TreeIndexStats stats = statsGatherer.gatherStats(leafFrame, interiorFrame, metaFrame);
-        String string = stats.toString();
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info(string);
-        }
-
-        rtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        bufferCache.close();
-
-    }
-
-    // create an R-tree of three dimensions
-    // fill the R-tree with random values using insertions
-    // perform ordered scan
-    @Test
-    public void test03() throws Exception {
-
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 6;
-        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
-        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
-        cmpFactories[1] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[2] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[3] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[4] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[5] = cmpFactories[0];
-
-        // declare tuple fields
-        int fieldCount = 9;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[2] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[3] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[4] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[5] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[6] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[7] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[8] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // create value providers
-        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
-                cmpFactories.length, DoublePointable.FACTORY);
-
-        RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrame metaFrame = metaFrameFactory.createFrame();
-
-        IRTreeFrame interiorFrame = (IRTreeFrame) interiorFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IRTreeFrame leafFrame = (IRTreeFrame) leafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        RTree rtree = new RTree(bufferCache, fieldCount, cmpFactories, freePageManager, interiorFrameFactory, leafFrameFactory);
-        rtree.create(fileId);
-        rtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer hyracksFrame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(hyracksFrame);
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = rtree.createAccessor();
-
-        Random rnd = new Random();
-        rnd.setSeed(50);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
-
-            double p1x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p1y = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p1z = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2y = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2z = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            double pk1 = rnd.nextDouble();
-            int pk2 = rnd.nextInt();
-            double pk3 = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            tb.reset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1z, p2z), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1z, p2z), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk2, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk3, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(hyracksFrame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                if (i % 1000 == 0) {
-                    LOGGER.info("INSERTING " + i + " " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
-                            + Math.min(p1z, p2z) + " " + " " + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y) + " "
-                            + Math.max(p1z, p2z));
-                }
-            }
-
-            try {
-                indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        String rtreeStats = rtree.printStats();
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info(rtreeStats);
-        }
-
-        // disk-order scan
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info("DISK-ORDER SCAN:");
-        }
-        TreeDiskOrderScanCursor diskOrderCursor = new TreeDiskOrderScanCursor(leafFrame);
-        indexAccessor.diskOrderScan(diskOrderCursor);
-        try {
-            while (diskOrderCursor.hasNext()) {
-                diskOrderCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = diskOrderCursor.getTuple();
-                String rec = TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, recDescSers);
-                if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                    LOGGER.info(rec);
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            diskOrderCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        TreeIndexStatsGatherer statsGatherer = new TreeIndexStatsGatherer(bufferCache, freePageManager, fileId,
-                rtree.getRootPageId());
-        TreeIndexStats stats = statsGatherer.gatherStats(leafFrame, interiorFrame, metaFrame);
-        String string = stats.toString();
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info(string);
-        }
-
-        rtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        bufferCache.close();
-
-    }
-
-    // create an R-tree of two dimensions
-    // fill the R-tree with random integer key values using insertions
-    // perform ordered scan
-    @Test
-    public void test04() throws Exception {
-
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 4;
-        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
-        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
-        cmpFactories[1] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[2] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[3] = cmpFactories[0];
-
-        // declare tuple fields
-        int fieldCount = 7;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[2] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[3] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[4] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[5] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[6] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // create value providers
-        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
-                cmpFactories.length, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
-
-        RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrame metaFrame = metaFrameFactory.createFrame();
-
-        IRTreeFrame interiorFrame = (IRTreeFrame) interiorFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IRTreeFrame leafFrame = (IRTreeFrame) leafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        RTree rtree = new RTree(bufferCache, fieldCount, cmpFactories, freePageManager, interiorFrameFactory, leafFrameFactory);
-        rtree.create(fileId);
-        rtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer hyracksFrame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(hyracksFrame);
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = rtree.createAccessor();
-
-        Random rnd = new Random();
-        rnd.setSeed(50);
-
-        Random rnd2 = new Random();
-        rnd2.setSeed(50);
-        for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
-
-            int p1x = rnd.nextInt();
-            int p1y = rnd.nextInt();
-            int p2x = rnd.nextInt();
-            int p2y = rnd.nextInt();
-
-            double pk1 = rnd2.nextDouble();
-            int pk2 = rnd2.nextInt();
-            double pk3 = rnd2.nextDouble();
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk2, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk3, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(hyracksFrame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                if (i % 1000 == 0) {
-                    LOGGER.info("INSERTING " + i + " " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
-                            + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y));
-                }
-            }
-
-            try {
-                indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        String rtreeStats = rtree.printStats();
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info(rtreeStats);
-        }
-
-        // disk-order scan
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info("DISK-ORDER SCAN:");
-        }
-        TreeDiskOrderScanCursor diskOrderCursor = new TreeDiskOrderScanCursor(leafFrame);
-        indexAccessor.diskOrderScan(diskOrderCursor);
-        try {
-            while (diskOrderCursor.hasNext()) {
-                diskOrderCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = diskOrderCursor.getTuple();
-                String rec = TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, recDescSers);
-                if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                    LOGGER.info(rec);
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            diskOrderCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        TreeIndexStatsGatherer statsGatherer = new TreeIndexStatsGatherer(bufferCache, freePageManager, fileId,
-                rtree.getRootPageId());
-        TreeIndexStats stats = statsGatherer.gatherStats(leafFrame, interiorFrame, metaFrame);
-        String string = stats.toString();
-        if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-            LOGGER.info(string);
-        }
-
-        rtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        bufferCache.close();
-
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/SearchCursorTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/SearchCursorTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 3f36753..0000000
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/SearchCursorTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,249 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * you may obtain a copy of the License from
- * 
- *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- * 
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
-
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.io.DataInput;
-import java.io.DataInputStream;
-import java.io.DataOutput;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Random;
-import java.util.logging.Level;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.comm.IFrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparatorFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.RecordDescriptor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.accessors.PointableBinaryComparatorFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.DoublePointable;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAppender;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.FrameTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.DoubleSerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexCursor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.api.IRTreeInteriorFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.api.IRTreeLeafFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTreeSearchCursor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.SearchPredicate;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tuples.RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestUtils;
-
-public class SearchCursorTest extends AbstractRTreeTest {
-    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 256;
-    private static final int NUM_PAGES = 10;
-    private static final int MAX_OPEN_FILES = 10;
-    private static final int HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE = 128;
-    private IHyracksTaskContext ctx = TestUtils.create(HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE);
-
-    // create an R-tree of two dimensions
-    // fill the R-tree with random values using insertions
-    // and then perform range search
-    @Test
-    public void searchCursorTest() throws Exception {
-
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 4;
-        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
-        cmpFactories[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(DoublePointable.FACTORY);
-        cmpFactories[1] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[2] = cmpFactories[0];
-        cmpFactories[3] = cmpFactories[0];
-
-        // declare tuple fields
-        int fieldCount = 5;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[2] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[3] = DoublePointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[4] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // create value providers
-        IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils.createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(
-                cmpFactories.length, DoublePointable.FACTORY);
-
-        RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
-                valueProviderFactories);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        IRTreeInteriorFrame interiorFrame = (IRTreeInteriorFrame) interiorFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IRTreeLeafFrame leafFrame = (IRTreeLeafFrame) leafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        RTree rtree = new RTree(bufferCache, fieldCount, cmpFactories, freePageManager, interiorFrameFactory, leafFrameFactory);
-        rtree.create(fileId);
-        rtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer hyracksFrame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(hyracksFrame);
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor = rtree.createAccessor();
-
-        Random rnd = new Random();
-        rnd.setSeed(50);
-        for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) {
-
-            double p1x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p1y = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2y = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            int pk = rnd.nextInt();
-
-            tb.reset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(hyracksFrame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                if (i % 1000 == 0) {
-                    LOGGER.info("INSERTING " + i + " " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
-                            + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y));
-                }
-            }
-
-            try {
-                indexAccessor.insert(tuple);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = MultiComparator.create(cmpFactories);
-        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
-            double p1x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p1y = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2x = rnd.nextDouble();
-            double p2y = rnd.nextDouble();
-
-            int pk = rnd.nextInt();
-
-            tb.reset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.min(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1x, p2x), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            DoubleSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(Math.max(p1y, p2y), dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(pk, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(hyracksFrame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                LOGGER.info(i + " Searching for: " + Math.min(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.min(p1y, p2y) + " "
-                        + Math.max(p1x, p2x) + " " + Math.max(p1y, p2y));
-            }
-
-            ITreeIndexCursor searchCursor = new RTreeSearchCursor(interiorFrame, leafFrame);
-            SearchPredicate searchPredicate = new SearchPredicate(tuple, cmp);
-
-            indexAccessor.search(searchCursor, searchPredicate);
-
-            ArrayList<Integer> results = new ArrayList<Integer>();
-            try {
-                while (searchCursor.hasNext()) {
-                    searchCursor.next();
-                    ITupleReference frameTuple = searchCursor.getTuple();
-                    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(frameTuple.getFieldData(4),
-                            frameTuple.getFieldStart(4), frameTuple.getFieldLength(4));
-                    DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
-                    Integer res = IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.deserialize(dataIn);
-                    results.add(res);
-                }
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } finally {
-                searchCursor.close();
-            }
-            if (LOGGER.isLoggable(Level.INFO)) {
-                LOGGER.info("There are " + results.size() + " objects that satisfy the query");
-            }
-        }
-
-        rtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        bufferCache.close();
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/AbstractRTreeTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/AbstractRTreeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fccb29c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/AbstractRTreeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils;
+
+import java.util.logging.Logger;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+
+public abstract class AbstractRTreeTest {
+    protected final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(RTreeTestHarness.class.getName());
+    protected final RTreeTestHarness harness;
+
+    public AbstractRTreeTest() {
+        harness = new RTreeTestHarness();
+    }
+
+    public AbstractRTreeTest(int pageSize, int numPages, int maxOpenFiles, int hyracksFrameSize) {
+        harness = new RTreeTestHarness(pageSize, numPages, maxOpenFiles, hyracksFrameSize);
+    }
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.setUp();
+    }
+
+    @After
+    public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56a3c64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparatorFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.util.SerdeUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndex;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTree;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.tests.AbstractRTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
+
+@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+public class RTreeTestContext extends AbstractRTreeTestContext {
+
+    public RTreeTestContext(ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, ITreeIndex treeIndex) {
+        super(fieldSerdes, treeIndex);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int getKeyFieldCount() {
+        RTree rtree = (RTree) treeIndex;
+        return rtree.getComparatorFactories().length;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public IBinaryComparatorFactory[] getComparatorFactories() {
+        RTree rtree = (RTree) treeIndex;
+        return rtree.getComparatorFactories();
+    }
+
+    public static RTreeTestContext create(IBufferCache bufferCache, int rtreeFileId,
+            ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes, IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories,
+            int numKeyFields) throws Exception {
+        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = SerdeUtils.serdesToTypeTraits(fieldSerdes);
+        IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = SerdeUtils.serdesToComparatorFactories(fieldSerdes, numKeyFields);
+        RTree rtree = RTreeUtils
+                .createRTree(bufferCache, rtreeFileId, typeTraits, valueProviderFactories, cmpFactories);
+        rtree.create(rtreeFileId);
+        rtree.open(rtreeFileId);
+        RTreeTestContext testCtx = new RTreeTestContext(fieldSerdes, rtree);
+        return testCtx;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestHarness.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestHarness.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c82d6e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestHarness.java
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestUtils;
+
+public class RTreeTestHarness {
+
+    private static final long RANDOM_SEED = 50;
+    private static final int DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE = 256;
+    private static final int DEFAULT_NUM_PAGES = 10;
+    private static final int DEFAULT_MAX_OPEN_FILES = 10;
+    private static final int DEFAULT_HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE = 128;
+
+    protected final int pageSize;
+    protected final int numPages;
+    protected final int maxOpenFiles;
+    protected final int hyracksFrameSize;
+
+    protected IHyracksTaskContext ctx;
+    protected IBufferCache bufferCache;
+    protected int treeFileId;
+
+    protected final Random rnd = new Random();
+    protected final SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("ddMMyy-hhmmssSS");
+    protected final String tmpDir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
+    protected final String sep = System.getProperty("file.separator");
+    protected String fileName;
+
+    public RTreeTestHarness() {
+        this.pageSize = DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE;
+        this.numPages = DEFAULT_NUM_PAGES;
+        this.maxOpenFiles = DEFAULT_MAX_OPEN_FILES;
+        this.hyracksFrameSize = DEFAULT_HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE;
+    }
+
+    public RTreeTestHarness(int pageSize, int numPages, int maxOpenFiles, int hyracksFrameSize) {
+        this.pageSize = pageSize;
+        this.numPages = numPages;
+        this.maxOpenFiles = maxOpenFiles;
+        this.hyracksFrameSize = hyracksFrameSize;
+    }
+
+    public void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
+        fileName = tmpDir + sep + simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
+        ctx = TestUtils.create(getHyracksFrameSize());
+        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(pageSize, numPages, maxOpenFiles);
+        bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
+        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
+        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
+        bufferCache.createFile(file);
+        treeFileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
+        bufferCache.openFile(treeFileId);
+        rnd.setSeed(RANDOM_SEED);
+    }
+
+    public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
+        bufferCache.closeFile(treeFileId);
+        bufferCache.close();
+        File f = new File(fileName);
+        f.deleteOnExit();
+    }
+
+    public IHyracksTaskContext getHyracksTaskContext() {
+        return ctx;
+    }
+
+    public IBufferCache getBufferCache() {
+        return bufferCache;
+    }
+
+    public int getTreeFileId() {
+        return treeFileId;
+    }
+
+    public String getFileName() {
+        return fileName;
+    }
+
+    public Random getRandom() {
+        return rnd;
+    }
+
+    public int getPageSize() {
+        return pageSize;
+    }
+
+    public int getNumPages() {
+        return numPages;
+    }
+
+    public int getHyracksFrameSize() {
+        return hyracksFrameSize;
+    }
+
+    public int getMaxOpenFiles() {
+        return maxOpenFiles;
+    }
+}