diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/impls/BTree.java b/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/impls/BTree.java
index 19ab91f..49c58b3 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/impls/BTree.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/impls/BTree.java
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    public final class BulkLoadContext implements IIndexBulkLoadContext {
+    public class BulkLoadContext implements IIndexBulkLoadContext {
         public final int slotSize;
         public final int leafMaxBytes;
         public final int interiorMaxBytes;
@@ -1035,6 +1035,10 @@
         return IndexType.BTREE;
     }
     
+    public int getFileId() {
+    	return fileId;
+    }
+    
     public byte getTreeHeight(IBTreeLeafFrame leafFrame) throws HyracksDataException {
         ICachedPage rootNode = bufferCache.pin(BufferedFileHandle.getDiskPageId(fileId, rootPage), false);
         rootNode.acquireReadLatch();
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/impls/BTreeRangeSearchCursor.java b/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/impls/BTreeRangeSearchCursor.java
index 8122314..1b92b85 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/impls/BTreeRangeSearchCursor.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/impls/BTreeRangeSearchCursor.java
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void close() throws Exception {
+    public void close() throws HyracksDataException {
         if (page != null) {
             if (exclusiveLatchNodes) {
                 page.releaseWriteLatch();
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean hasNext() throws Exception {
+    public boolean hasNext() throws HyracksDataException {
         if (pred.isForward()) {
             if (tupleIndex >= frame.getTupleCount()) {
                 int nextLeafPage = frame.getNextLeaf();
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void next() throws Exception {
+    public void next() throws HyracksDataException {
         tupleIndex += tupleIndexInc;
     }
 
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/api/ITreeIndexCursor.java b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/api/ITreeIndexCursor.java
index d3ce386..24e552d 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/api/ITreeIndexCursor.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/api/ITreeIndexCursor.java
@@ -23,16 +23,16 @@
 public interface ITreeIndexCursor {
 	public void reset();
 
-	public boolean hasNext() throws Exception;
+	public boolean hasNext() throws HyracksDataException;
 
-	public void next() throws Exception;
+	public void next() throws HyracksDataException;
 
 	public void open(ICursorInitialState initialState,
 			ISearchPredicate searchPred) throws HyracksDataException;
 
 	public ICachedPage getPage();
 
-	public void close() throws Exception;
+	public void close() throws HyracksDataException;
 
 	public void setBufferCache(IBufferCache bufferCache);
 
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/impls/TreeDiskOrderScanCursor.java b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/impls/TreeDiskOrderScanCursor.java
index 1a81c3f..15b63ec 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/impls/TreeDiskOrderScanCursor.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/impls/TreeDiskOrderScanCursor.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void close() throws Exception {
+	public void close() throws HyracksDataException {
 		page.releaseReadLatch();
 		bufferCache.unpin(page);
 		page = null;
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public boolean hasNext() throws Exception {		
+	public boolean hasNext() throws HyracksDataException {		
 		if (currentPageId > maxPageId) {
 			return false;
 		}
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 	}
 
 	@Override
-	public void next() throws Exception {
+	public void next() throws HyracksDataException {
 		tupleIndex++;
 	}
 
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/BTreeFactory.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/BTreeFactory.java
index 202ef68..cbe531a 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/BTreeFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/BTreeFactory.java
@@ -30,5 +30,8 @@
                 interiorFrameFactory, leafFrameFactory);
     }
 	
-	
+    public IBufferCache getBufferCache() {
+        return bufferCache;
+    }
+    
 }
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/InDiskTreeInfo.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/InDiskTreeInfo.java
deleted file mode 100644
index e8d1137..0000000
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/InDiskTreeInfo.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls;
-
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.BTree;
-
-public class InDiskTreeInfo {
-
-	private BTree bTree;
-	
-	public InDiskTreeInfo(BTree bTree) {
-		this.bTree = bTree;
-	}
-
-	public BTree getBTree() {
-		return bTree;
-	}
-}
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMPriorityQueueComparator.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMPriorityQueueComparator.java
index 1bb5abb..04281ac 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMPriorityQueueComparator.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMPriorityQueueComparator.java
@@ -1,3 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
 package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls;
 
 import java.util.Comparator;
@@ -6,7 +22,7 @@
 
 public class LSMPriorityQueueComparator implements Comparator<LSMPriorityQueueElement> {
 
-	private MultiComparator cmp;
+	private final MultiComparator cmp;
 	
 	public LSMPriorityQueueComparator(MultiComparator cmp) {
 		this.cmp = cmp;
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTree.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTree.java
index 7991a37..dd3d6b4 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTree.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTree.java
@@ -1,18 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
 package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls;
 
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.io.DataInput;
-import java.io.DataInputStream;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.ListIterator;
 
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.RecordDescriptor;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.api.IBTreeLeafFrame;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.exceptions.BTreeDuplicateKeyException;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.BTree;
@@ -29,112 +38,107 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.IndexOp;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.api.ILSMTree;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMTypeAwareTupleReference;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapManager;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
 
-public class LSMTree implements ITreeIndex {
+public class LSMTree implements ITreeIndex, ILSMTree {
+    // In-memory components.
+    private final BTree memBTree;
+    private final InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager;    
 
-    private final IBufferCache bufferCache;
-    private BTree memBTree;
-    private String fileName;
-    private int fileId;
-    private boolean created;
-
-    private final InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager;
+    // On-disk components.
+    private final String onDiskDir;
+    private final BTreeFactory diskBTreeFactory;
+    private final IBufferCache diskBufferCache;
+    private final IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider;    
+    private LinkedList<BTree> onDiskBTrees = new LinkedList<BTree>();
+    private LinkedList<BTree> mergedBTrees = new LinkedList<BTree>();
+    private int onDiskBTreeCount;
+    
+    // Common for in-memory and on-disk components.
     private final ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory;
     private final ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory;
     private final ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory;
     private final MultiComparator cmp;
-
-    // TODO: change to private, it's public only for LSMTreeSearchTest
-    public LinkedList<InDiskTreeInfo> inDiskTreeInfoList;
-    private LinkedList<InDiskTreeInfo> mergedInDiskTreeInfoList;
-    private int inDiskTreeCounter;
-    private final BTreeFactory bTreeFactory;
-    private final IFileMapManager fileMapManager;
+    
+    // For dealing with concurrent accesses.
     private int threadRefCount;
     private boolean flushFlag;
 
-    public LSMTree(IBufferCache memCache, IBufferCache bufferCache, int fieldCount, MultiComparator cmp,
-            InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager, ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory,
-            ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory, ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory,
-            BTreeFactory bTreeFactory, IFileMapManager fileMapManager) {
-        this.bufferCache = bufferCache;
-        this.cmp = cmp;
+    public LSMTree(IBufferCache memBufferCache, InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager,
+            ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory, ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory,
+            ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory, String onDiskDir, BTreeFactory diskBTreeFactory,
+            IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, int fieldCount, MultiComparator cmp) {
+        memBTree = new BTree(memBufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager, interiorFrameFactory,
+                insertLeafFrameFactory);
+        this.memFreePageManager = memFreePageManager;
         this.interiorFrameFactory = interiorFrameFactory;
         this.insertLeafFrameFactory = insertLeafFrameFactory;
         this.deleteLeafFrameFactory = deleteLeafFrameFactory;
-        this.memFreePageManager = memFreePageManager;
-        this.bTreeFactory = bTreeFactory;
-        this.inDiskTreeInfoList = new LinkedList<InDiskTreeInfo>();
-        this.inDiskTreeCounter = 0;
-        this.fileMapManager = fileMapManager;
+        this.diskBufferCache = diskBTreeFactory.getBufferCache();
+        this.diskFileMapProvider = diskFileMapProvider;
+        this.diskBTreeFactory = diskBTreeFactory;
+        this.cmp = cmp;
+        this.onDiskBTrees = new LinkedList<BTree>();
+        this.onDiskBTreeCount = 0;
         this.threadRefCount = 0;
-        this.created = false;
         this.flushFlag = false;
-
-        try {
-            this.fileName = this.fileMapManager.lookupFileName(this.fileId).toString();
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
+        if (!onDiskDir.endsWith(System.getProperty("file.separator"))) {
+            onDiskDir += System.getProperty("file.separator");
         }
-
-        memBTree = new BTree(memCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager, interiorFrameFactory,
-                insertLeafFrameFactory);
+        this.onDiskDir = onDiskDir;
     }
 
     @Override
     public void create(int indexFileId) throws HyracksDataException {
-        if (created) {
-            return;
-        } else {
-            memBTree.create(indexFileId);
-            this.fileId = indexFileId;
-            created = true;
-        }
+        memBTree.create(indexFileId);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void open(int indexFileId) {
         memBTree.open(indexFileId);
-        this.fileId = indexFileId;
     }
 
     @Override
     public void close() {
         memBTree.close();
-        this.fileId = -1;
     }
 
-    private void lsmPerformOp(ITupleReference tuple, LSMTreeOpContext ctx) throws Exception {
-        boolean waitForFlush = false;
-        do {
-            synchronized (this) {
-                if (!flushFlag) {
-                    threadEnter();
-                    waitForFlush = false;
-                }
-            }
-        } while (waitForFlush == true);
-        try {
-            ctx.memBtreeAccessor.insert(tuple);
-        } catch (BTreeDuplicateKeyException e) {
-            ctx.reset(IndexOp.UPDATE);
-            // We don't need to deal with a nonexistent key here, because a
-            // deleter will actually update the key and it's value, and not
-            // delete it from the BTree.
-            ctx.memBtreeAccessor.update(tuple);    
-        }
-        threadExit();
-    }
+	private void lsmPerformOp(ITupleReference tuple, LSMTreeOpContext ctx) throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {
+		boolean waitForFlush = true;
+		do {
+		    // Wait for ongoing flush to complete.
+			synchronized (this) {
+				if (!flushFlag) {
+					// Increments threadRefCount, to force a flush to wait for this operation to finish.
+				    // (a flush can only begin once threadRefCount == 0).
+				    threadEnter();
+				    // Proceed with operation.
+					waitForFlush = false;
+				}
+			}
+		} while (waitForFlush);
+		try {
+			ctx.memBtreeAccessor.insert(tuple);
+		} catch (BTreeDuplicateKeyException e) {
+			// We don't need to deal with a nonexistent key here, because a
+			// deleter will actually update the key and it's value, and not
+			// delete it from the BTree.
+			// Also notice that a flush must wait for the current operation to
+			// finish (threadRefCount must reach zero).
+			ctx.reset(IndexOp.UPDATE);
+			ctx.memBtreeAccessor.update(tuple);
+		}
+		threadExit();
+	}
 
     public void threadEnter() {
         threadRefCount++;
     }
     
-    public void threadExit() throws Exception {
+    public void threadExit() throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {
         synchronized (this) {
             threadRefCount--;
             // Check if we've reached or exceeded the maximum number of pages.
@@ -143,199 +147,135 @@
             }
             // Flush will only be handled by last exiting thread.
             if (flushFlag && threadRefCount == 0) {
-                flushInMemoryBtree();
+                flush();
                 flushFlag = false;
             }
         }
     }
 
-    private String getNextFileName() {
-        int newDiskBTreeId = inDiskTreeCounter++;
-        String LSMFileName = new String(this.fileName);
-        return LSMFileName.concat("-" + Integer.toString(newDiskBTreeId));
-    }
-
-    public void flushInMemoryBtree() throws Exception {
-        // read the tuple from InMemoryBtree, and bulkload into the disk
-
-        // scan
+    @Override
+    public void flush() throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {
+        System.out.println("FLUSHING!");
+        // Bulk load a new on-disk BTree from the in-memory BTree.
         ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = new BTreeRangeSearchCursor(
                 (IBTreeLeafFrame) insertLeafFrameFactory.createFrame(), false);
         RangePredicate nullPred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-        ITreeIndexAccessor memBtreeAccessor = memBTree.createAccessor();
-        memBtreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
-
-        // Create a new in-Disk BTree, which have full fillfactor.
-
-        // Register the BTree information into system.
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(getNextFileName()));
-        // TODO: Delete the file during cleanup.
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int newDiskBTreeId = fileMapManager.lookupFileId(file);
-        // TODO: Close the file during cleanup.
-        bufferCache.openFile(newDiskBTreeId);
-
-        // Create new in-Disk Btree.
-        BTree inDiskBTree = this.bTreeFactory.createBTreeInstance(newDiskBTreeId);
-        inDiskBTree.create(newDiskBTreeId);
-        // TODO: Close the BTree during cleanup.
-        inDiskBTree.open(newDiskBTreeId);
-
-        // BulkLoad the tuples from the in-memory tree into the new disk BTree.
-        IIndexBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx = inDiskBTree.beginBulkLoad(1.0f);
+        ITreeIndexAccessor memBTreeAccessor = memBTree.createAccessor();
+        memBTreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
+        BTree diskBTree = createDiskBTree();
+        // Bulk load the tuples from the in-memory BTree into the new disk BTree.
+        IIndexBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx = diskBTree.beginBulkLoad(1.0f);
         try {
             while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
                 scanCursor.next();
                 ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
-                inDiskBTree.bulkLoadAddTuple(frameTuple, bulkLoadCtx);
+                diskBTree.bulkLoadAddTuple(frameTuple, bulkLoadCtx);
             }
         } finally {
             scanCursor.close();
         }
-        inDiskBTree.endBulkLoad(bulkLoadCtx);
-
-        // After BulkLoading, Clear the in-memTree
-        resetInMemoryTree();
-
-        InDiskTreeInfo newLinkedListNode = new InDiskTreeInfo(inDiskBTree);
-        synchronized (inDiskTreeInfoList) {
-            inDiskTreeInfoList.addFirst(newLinkedListNode);
-        }
+        diskBTree.endBulkLoad(bulkLoadCtx);
+        resetMemBTree();
+        onDiskBTrees.addFirst(diskBTree);
     }
 
-    private void insert(ITupleReference tuple, LSMTreeOpContext ctx) throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {
-        try {
-            lsmPerformOp(tuple, ctx);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
+    private void resetMemBTree() throws HyracksDataException {
+        memFreePageManager.reset();
+        memBTree.create(memBTree.getFileId());
+    }
+    
+    private String getNextFileName() {
+        return onDiskDir + "btree_" + onDiskBTreeCount++;
+    }
+    
+    private BTree createDiskBTree() throws HyracksDataException {
+        // Register the new BTree file.
+        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(getNextFileName()));
+        // TODO: Delete the file during cleanup.
+        diskBufferCache.createFile(file);
+        int diskBTreeFileId = diskFileMapProvider.lookupFileId(file);
+        // TODO: Close the file during cleanup.
+        diskBufferCache.openFile(diskBTreeFileId);
+        // Create new BTree instance.
+        BTree diskBTree = diskBTreeFactory.createBTreeInstance(diskBTreeFileId);
+        diskBTree.create(diskBTreeFileId);
+        // TODO: Close the BTree during cleanup.
+        diskBTree.open(diskBTreeFileId);
+        return diskBTree;
+    }
+    
+    private void search(ITreeIndexCursor cursor, RangePredicate pred, LSMTreeOpContext ctx, boolean includeMemBTree) throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {                
+        boolean waitForFlush = true;
+        do {
+            synchronized (this) {
+                if (!flushFlag) {
+                    // The corresponding threadExit() is in LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor.close().
+                    threadEnter();
+                    waitForFlush = false;
+                }
+            }
+        } while (waitForFlush);
+        
+        // TODO: Think about what happens with possibly concurrent merges.
+        LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor lsmTreeCursor = (LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor) cursor;
+        int numDiskBTrees = onDiskBTrees.size();
+        int numBTrees = (includeMemBTree) ? numDiskBTrees + 1 : numDiskBTrees;        
+        ListIterator<BTree> diskBTreesIter = onDiskBTrees.listIterator();
+        LSMTreeCursorInitialState initialState = new LSMTreeCursorInitialState(numBTrees,
+                insertLeafFrameFactory, cmp, this);
+        lsmTreeCursor.open(initialState, pred);                  
+        
+        int cursorIx;
+        if (includeMemBTree) {
+            // Open cursor of in-memory BTree at index 0.
+            ctx.memBtreeAccessor.search(lsmTreeCursor.getCursor(0), pred);
+            // Skip 0 because it is the in-memory BTree.
+            cursorIx = 1;
+        } else {
+            cursorIx = 0;
         }
+        
+        // Open cursors of on-disk BTrees.
+        ITreeIndexAccessor[] diskBTreeAccessors = new ITreeIndexAccessor[numDiskBTrees];
+        int diskBTreeIx = 0;
+        while(diskBTreesIter.hasNext()) {
+            BTree diskBTree = diskBTreesIter.next();
+            diskBTreeAccessors[diskBTreeIx] = diskBTree.createAccessor();
+            diskBTreeAccessors[diskBTreeIx].search(lsmTreeCursor.getCursor(cursorIx), pred);
+            cursorIx++;
+            diskBTreeIx++;
+        }
+        LSMPriorityQueueComparator LSMPriorityQueueCmp = new LSMPriorityQueueComparator(cmp);
+        lsmTreeCursor.initPriorityQueue(LSMPriorityQueueCmp);
+    }
+    
+    private void insert(ITupleReference tuple, LSMTreeOpContext ctx) throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {
+        lsmPerformOp(tuple, ctx);
     }
 
     private void delete(ITupleReference tuple, LSMTreeOpContext ctx) throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {
-        try {
-            lsmPerformOp(tuple, ctx);
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public IIndexBulkLoadContext beginBulkLoad(float fillFactor) throws TreeIndexException, HyracksDataException {
-        return null;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void bulkLoadAddTuple(ITupleReference tuple, IIndexBulkLoadContext ictx) throws HyracksDataException {
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void endBulkLoad(IIndexBulkLoadContext ictx) throws HyracksDataException {
-    }
-
-    public void search(ITreeIndexCursor cursor, RangePredicate pred, LSMTreeOpContext ctx) throws Exception {
-        int numberOfInDiskTrees;
-        ListIterator<InDiskTreeInfo> inDiskTreeInfoListIterator;
-        boolean continuePerformOp = false;
-
-        ctx.reset(IndexOp.SEARCH);
-
-        while (continuePerformOp == false) {
-            synchronized (this) {
-                if (!flushFlag) {
-                    threadRefCount++;
-                    continuePerformOp = true;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        // in-disk
-        synchronized (inDiskTreeInfoList) {
-            numberOfInDiskTrees = inDiskTreeInfoList.size();
-            inDiskTreeInfoListIterator = inDiskTreeInfoList.listIterator();
-        }
-
-        LSMTreeCursorInitialState initialState = new LSMTreeCursorInitialState(numberOfInDiskTrees + 1,
-                insertLeafFrameFactory, cmp, this);
-        cursor.open(initialState, pred);
-
-        BTree[] onDiskBtrees = new BTree[numberOfInDiskTrees];
-        ITreeIndexAccessor[] onDiskBtreeAccessors = new ITreeIndexAccessor[numberOfInDiskTrees];
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfInDiskTrees; i++) {
-            // get btree instances for in-disk trees
-            if (inDiskTreeInfoListIterator.hasNext()) {
-                onDiskBtrees[i] = ((InDiskTreeInfo) inDiskTreeInfoListIterator.next()).getBTree();
-            } else {
-                throw new HyracksDataException("Cannot find in-disk tree instance");
-            }
-            onDiskBtreeAccessors[i] = onDiskBtrees[i].createAccessor();
-            onDiskBtreeAccessors[i].search(((LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor) cursor).getCursor(i + 1), pred);
-        }
-
-        // in-memory
-        ctx.memBtreeAccessor.search(((LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor) cursor).getCursor(0), pred);
-
-        LSMPriorityQueueComparator LSMPriorityQueueCmp = new LSMPriorityQueueComparator(cmp);
-        ((LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor) cursor).initPriorityQueue(numberOfInDiskTrees + 1, LSMPriorityQueueCmp);
+        lsmPerformOp(tuple, ctx);
     }
 
     public void merge() throws Exception {
-        ITreeIndexCursor rangeCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
+        LSMTreeOpContext ctx = createOpContext();
+        ITreeIndexCursor cursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
         RangePredicate rangePred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-
-        // Cursor setting -- almost the same as search, only difference is
-        // "no cursor for in-memory tree"
-        int numberOfInDiskTrees;
-        ListIterator<InDiskTreeInfo> inDiskTreeInfoListIterator;
-        boolean continuePerformOp = false;
-        while (continuePerformOp == false) {
-            synchronized (this) {
-                if (!flushFlag) {
-                    threadRefCount++;
-                    continuePerformOp = true;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        synchronized (inDiskTreeInfoList) {
-            numberOfInDiskTrees = inDiskTreeInfoList.size();
-            inDiskTreeInfoListIterator = inDiskTreeInfoList.listIterator();
-        }
-
-        LSMTreeCursorInitialState initialState = new LSMTreeCursorInitialState(numberOfInDiskTrees,
-                insertLeafFrameFactory, cmp, this);
-        rangeCursor.open(initialState, rangePred);
-
-        BTree[] onDiskBtrees = new BTree[numberOfInDiskTrees];
-        ITreeIndexAccessor[] onDiskBtreeAccessors = new ITreeIndexAccessor[numberOfInDiskTrees];
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfInDiskTrees; i++) {
-            // get btree instances for in-disk trees
-            if (inDiskTreeInfoListIterator.hasNext()) {
-                onDiskBtrees[i] = ((InDiskTreeInfo) inDiskTreeInfoListIterator.next()).getBTree();
-            } else {
-                throw new Exception("Cannot find in-disk tree instance");
-            }
-            onDiskBtreeAccessors[i] = onDiskBtrees[i].createAccessor();
-            onDiskBtreeAccessors[i].search(((LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor) rangeCursor).getCursor(i), rangePred);
-        }
-
-        LSMPriorityQueueComparator LSMPriorityQueueCmp = new LSMPriorityQueueComparator(cmp);
-        ((LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor) rangeCursor).initPriorityQueue(numberOfInDiskTrees, LSMPriorityQueueCmp);
-        // End of Cursor setting
+        // Ordered scan, ignoring the in-memory BTree.
+        search(cursor, (RangePredicate) rangePred, ctx, false);
 
         // Create a new Merged BTree, which have full fillfactor.
         // Register the BTree information into system.
         // TODO: change the naming schema for the new tree
         FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(getNextFileName()));
         // TODO: Delete the file during cleanup.
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int mergedBTreeId = fileMapManager.lookupFileId(file);
+        diskBufferCache.createFile(file);
+        int mergedBTreeId = diskFileMapProvider.lookupFileId(file);
         // TODO: Close the file during cleanup.
-        bufferCache.openFile(mergedBTreeId);
+        diskBufferCache.openFile(mergedBTreeId);
 
         // Create new in-Disk BTree.
-        BTree mergedBTree = this.bTreeFactory.createBTreeInstance(mergedBTreeId);
+        BTree mergedBTree = this.diskBTreeFactory.createBTreeInstance(mergedBTreeId);
         mergedBTree.create(mergedBTreeId);
         // TODO: Close the BTree during cleanup.
         mergedBTree.open(mergedBTreeId);
@@ -344,34 +284,32 @@
         IIndexBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx = mergedBTree.beginBulkLoad(1.0f);
 
         try {
-            while (rangeCursor.hasNext()) {
-                rangeCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = rangeCursor.getTuple();
+            while (cursor.hasNext()) {
+                cursor.next();
+                ITupleReference frameTuple = cursor.getTuple();
                 mergedBTree.bulkLoadAddTuple(frameTuple, bulkLoadCtx);
             }
         } finally {
-            rangeCursor.close();
+            cursor.close();
         }
-
         mergedBTree.endBulkLoad(bulkLoadCtx);
 
-        InDiskTreeInfo newLinkedListNode = new InDiskTreeInfo(mergedBTree);
-        LinkedList<InDiskTreeInfo> tempInDiskTreeInfo;
-        synchronized (inDiskTreeInfoList) {
-            mergedInDiskTreeInfoList = (LinkedList<InDiskTreeInfo>) inDiskTreeInfoList.clone();
+        /*
+        synchronized (onDiskBTrees) {
+            mergedBTrees = (LinkedList<BTree>) onDiskBTrees.clone();
             // Remove the redundant trees, and add the new merged tree in the
             // last off the list
             for (int i = 0; i < numberOfInDiskTrees; i++) {
-                mergedInDiskTreeInfoList.removeLast();
+                mergedBTrees.removeLast();
             }
-            mergedInDiskTreeInfoList.addLast(newLinkedListNode);
+            mergedBTrees.addLast(mergedBTree);
 
             // TODO: to swap the linkedlists
-            /*
-             * tempInDiskTreeInfo = inDiskTreeInfoList; inDiskTreeInfoList =
-             * mergedInDiskTreeInfoList; mergedInDiskTreeInfoList =
-             * tempInDiskTreeInfo;
-             */
+            //
+            // tempInDiskTreeInfo = inDiskTreeInfoList; inDiskTreeInfoList =
+            // mergedInDiskTreeInfoList; mergedInDiskTreeInfoList =
+            // tempInDiskTreeInfo;
+            //
             // TODO: to swap the searchThreadCounters
 
             // 1. should add the searcherReferenceCounter
@@ -382,6 +320,49 @@
 
         }
         // TODO: to wake up the cleaning thread
+         */
+    }
+    
+    public class LSMTreeBulkLoadContext implements IIndexBulkLoadContext {
+        private final BTree btree;
+        private IIndexBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx;
+        
+        public LSMTreeBulkLoadContext(BTree btree) {
+            this.btree = btree;
+        }
+
+        public void beginBulkLoad(float fillFactor) throws HyracksDataException, TreeIndexException {
+            bulkLoadCtx = btree.beginBulkLoad(fillFactor);
+        }
+    
+        public BTree getBTree() {
+            return btree;
+        }
+        
+        public IIndexBulkLoadContext getBulkLoadCtx() {
+            return bulkLoadCtx;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    @Override
+    public IIndexBulkLoadContext beginBulkLoad(float fillFactor) throws TreeIndexException, HyracksDataException {        
+        BTree diskBTree = createDiskBTree();
+        LSMTreeBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx = new LSMTreeBulkLoadContext(diskBTree);
+        bulkLoadCtx.beginBulkLoad(fillFactor);
+        return bulkLoadCtx;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void bulkLoadAddTuple(ITupleReference tuple, IIndexBulkLoadContext ictx) throws HyracksDataException {
+        LSMTreeBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx = (LSMTreeBulkLoadContext) ictx;
+        bulkLoadCtx.getBTree().bulkLoadAddTuple(tuple, bulkLoadCtx.getBulkLoadCtx());
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void endBulkLoad(IIndexBulkLoadContext ictx) throws HyracksDataException {
+        LSMTreeBulkLoadContext bulkLoadCtx = (LSMTreeBulkLoadContext) ictx;
+        bulkLoadCtx.getBTree().endBulkLoad(bulkLoadCtx.getBulkLoadCtx());
+        onDiskBTrees.addFirst(bulkLoadCtx.getBTree());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -414,96 +395,6 @@
         return memBTree.getIndexType();
     }
 
-    public void resetInMemoryTree() throws HyracksDataException {
-        ((InMemoryFreePageManager) memFreePageManager).reset();
-        memBTree.create(fileId);
-    }
-
-    // This function is just for testing flushInMemoryBtree()
-    public void scanDiskTree(int treeIndex) throws Exception {
-        BTree onDiskBtree = inDiskTreeInfoList.get(treeIndex).getBTree();
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = new BTreeRangeSearchCursor(
-                (IBTreeLeafFrame) this.insertLeafFrameFactory.createFrame(), false);
-        RangePredicate nullPred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-        ITreeIndexAccessor onDiskBtreeAccessor = onDiskBtree.createAccessor();
-        onDiskBtreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
-        try {
-            int scanTupleIndex = 0;
-            while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
-                scanCursor.hasNext();
-                scanCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
-                int numPrintFields = Math.min(frameTuple.getFieldCount(), recDescSers.length);
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < numPrintFields; i++) {
-                    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(frameTuple.getFieldData(i),
-                            frameTuple.getFieldStart(i), frameTuple.getFieldLength(i));
-                    DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
-                    Object o = recDescSers[i].deserialize(dataIn);
-
-                    if (i == 1)
-                        System.out.printf("LSMTree.scanDiskTree(): scanTupleIndex[%d]; Value is [%d]; ",
-                                scanTupleIndex, Integer.parseInt(o.toString()));
-
-                }
-
-                if (((LSMTypeAwareTupleReference) frameTuple).isDelete()) {
-                    System.out.printf(" DELETE\n");
-                } else {
-                    System.out.printf(" INSERT\n");
-                }
-                scanTupleIndex++;
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            scanCursor.close();
-        }
-    }
-
-    // This function is just for testing flushInMemoryBtree()
-    public void scanInMemoryTree() throws Exception {
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = new BTreeRangeSearchCursor(
-                (IBTreeLeafFrame) this.insertLeafFrameFactory.createFrame(), false);
-        RangePredicate nullPred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-        ITreeIndexAccessor inMemBtreeAccessor = memBTree.createAccessor();
-        inMemBtreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
-        try {
-            int scanTupleIndex = 0;
-            while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
-                scanCursor.hasNext();
-                scanCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
-                int numPrintFields = Math.min(frameTuple.getFieldCount(), recDescSers.length);
-                for (int i = 0; i < numPrintFields; i++) {
-                    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(frameTuple.getFieldData(i),
-                            frameTuple.getFieldStart(i), frameTuple.getFieldLength(i));
-                    DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
-                    Object o = recDescSers[i].deserialize(dataIn);
-                    if (i == 1)
-                        System.out.printf("LSMTree.scanMemoryTree(): scanTupleIndex[%d]; Value is [%d]; ",
-                                scanTupleIndex, Integer.parseInt(o.toString()));
-                }
-                if (((LSMTypeAwareTupleReference) frameTuple).isDelete()) {
-                    System.out.printf(" DELETE\n");
-                } else {
-                    System.out.printf(" INSERT\n");
-                }
-                scanTupleIndex++;
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            scanCursor.close();
-        }
-    }
-
     public LSMTreeOpContext createOpContext() {
         return new LSMTreeOpContext((BTree.BTreeAccessor) memBTree.createAccessor(), insertLeafFrameFactory,
                 deleteLeafFrameFactory, interiorFrameFactory, memFreePageManager.getMetaDataFrameFactory()
@@ -545,12 +436,7 @@
         public void search(ITreeIndexCursor cursor, ISearchPredicate searchPred) throws HyracksDataException,
                 TreeIndexException {
             ctx.reset(IndexOp.SEARCH);
-            // TODO: fix exception handling throughout LSM tree.
-            try {
-                lsmTree.search(cursor, (RangePredicate) searchPred, ctx);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                throw new HyracksDataException(e);
-            }
+            lsmTree.search(cursor, (RangePredicate) searchPred, ctx, true);
         }
 
         @Override
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTreeCursorInitialState.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTreeCursorInitialState.java
index 5391d9c..6f2cde2 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTreeCursorInitialState.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTreeCursorInitialState.java
@@ -7,20 +7,20 @@
 
 public class LSMTreeCursorInitialState implements ICursorInitialState {
 
-	private int numberOfTrees;
+	private int numBTrees;
 	private ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory;
 	private MultiComparator cmp;
 	private LSMTree lsm;
 	
-	public LSMTreeCursorInitialState(int numberOfTrees, ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory, MultiComparator cmp, LSMTree lsm) {
-		this.numberOfTrees = numberOfTrees;
+	public LSMTreeCursorInitialState(int numBTrees, ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory, MultiComparator cmp, LSMTree lsm) {
+		this.numBTrees = numBTrees;
 		this.leafFrameFactory = leafFrameFactory;
 		this.cmp = cmp;
 		this.lsm = lsm;
 	}
 	
-	public int getNumberOfTrees() {
-		return numberOfTrees;
+	public int getNumBTrees() {
+		return numBTrees;
 	}
 
 	public ITreeIndexFrameFactory getLeafFrameFactory() {
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor.java
index 03253c3..2e9a500 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/impls/LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor.java
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ICursorInitialState;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ISearchPredicate;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexCursor;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMTypeAwareTupleReference;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
@@ -21,19 +22,18 @@
     private MultiComparator cmp;
     private LSMPriorityQueueElement outputElement;
     private LSMPriorityQueueElement reusedElement;
-    private int numberOfTrees;
     private boolean needPush;
-    private LSMTree lsm;
+    private LSMTree lsmTree;
 
     public LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor() {
         outputElement = null;
         needPush = false;
     }
 
-    public void initPriorityQueue(int numberOfTrees, LSMPriorityQueueComparator LSMPriorityQueueCmp) throws Exception {
-        this.numberOfTrees = numberOfTrees;
-        outputPriorityQueue = new PriorityQueue<LSMPriorityQueueElement>(numberOfTrees, LSMPriorityQueueCmp);
-        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfTrees; i++) {
+    public void initPriorityQueue(LSMPriorityQueueComparator LSMPriorityQueueCmp)
+            throws HyracksDataException {
+        outputPriorityQueue = new PriorityQueue<LSMPriorityQueueElement>(rangeCursors.length, LSMPriorityQueueCmp);
+        for (int i = 0; i < rangeCursors.length; i++) {
             LSMPriorityQueueElement element;
             if (rangeCursors[i].hasNext()) {
                 rangeCursors[i].next();
@@ -54,32 +54,30 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean hasNext() throws Exception {
+    public boolean hasNext() throws HyracksDataException {
         checkPriorityQueue();
         return !outputPriorityQueue.isEmpty();
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void next() throws Exception {
-
+    public void next() throws HyracksDataException {
         outputElement = outputPriorityQueue.poll();
         needPush = true;
         if (outputElement == null) {
-            throw new Exception("The outputPriorityQueue is empty");
+            throw new HyracksDataException("The outputPriorityQueue is empty");
         }
     }
 
     @Override
     public void open(ICursorInitialState initialState, ISearchPredicate searchPred) throws HyracksDataException {
-
-        lsm = ((LSMTreeCursorInitialState) initialState).getLsm();
-        cmp = ((LSMTreeCursorInitialState) initialState).getCmp();
-
-        rangeCursors = new BTreeRangeSearchCursor[((LSMTreeCursorInitialState) initialState).getNumberOfTrees()];
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < ((LSMTreeCursorInitialState) initialState).getNumberOfTrees(); i++) {
-            rangeCursors[i] = new BTreeRangeSearchCursor((IBTreeLeafFrame) ((LSMTreeCursorInitialState) initialState)
-                    .getLeafFrameFactory().createFrame(), false);
+        LSMTreeCursorInitialState lsmInitialState = (LSMTreeCursorInitialState) initialState;
+        lsmTree = lsmInitialState.getLsm();
+        cmp = lsmInitialState.getCmp();
+        int numBTrees = lsmInitialState.getNumBTrees();
+        rangeCursors = new BTreeRangeSearchCursor[numBTrees];
+        for (int i = 0; i < numBTrees; i++) {
+            IBTreeLeafFrame leafFrame = (IBTreeLeafFrame) lsmInitialState.getLeafFrameFactory().createFrame();
+            rangeCursors[i] = new BTreeRangeSearchCursor(leafFrame, false);
         }
     }
 
@@ -90,13 +88,17 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void close() throws Exception {
-        lsm.threadExit();
+    public void close() throws HyracksDataException {
         outputPriorityQueue.clear();
-        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfTrees; i++) {
+        for (int i = 0; i < rangeCursors.length; i++) {
             rangeCursors[i].close();
         }
         rangeCursors = null;
+        try {
+            lsmTree.threadExit();
+        } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
+            throw new HyracksDataException(e);
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -114,8 +116,7 @@
         return (ITupleReference) outputElement.getTuple();
     }
 
-    private void pushIntoPriorityQueue(int cursorIndex) throws Exception {
-
+    private void pushIntoPriorityQueue(int cursorIndex) throws HyracksDataException {
         if (rangeCursors[cursorIndex].hasNext()) {
             rangeCursors[cursorIndex].next();
             reusedElement.reset(rangeCursors[cursorIndex].getTuple(), cursorIndex);
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private void checkPriorityQueue() throws Exception {
+    private void checkPriorityQueue() throws HyracksDataException {
 
         while (!outputPriorityQueue.isEmpty() || needPush == true) {
             if (!outputPriorityQueue.isEmpty()) {
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/tuples/ILSMTreeTupleReference.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/tuples/ILSMTreeTupleReference.java
index 68f2672..54b9fcc 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/tuples/ILSMTreeTupleReference.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/tuples/ILSMTreeTupleReference.java
@@ -1,3 +1,18 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
 package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples;
 
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexTupleReference;
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/impls/RTreeSearchCursor.java b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/impls/RTreeSearchCursor.java
index ee0cb20..32138db 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/impls/RTreeSearchCursor.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/impls/RTreeSearchCursor.java
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void close() throws Exception {
+    public void close() throws HyracksDataException {
         if (readLatched) {
             page.releaseReadLatch();
             bufferCache.unpin(page);
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean hasNext() throws Exception {
+    public boolean hasNext() throws HyracksDataException {
         if (page == null) {
             return false;
         }
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void next() throws Exception {
+    public void next() throws HyracksDataException {
         tupleIndex = tupleIndexInc;
     }
 
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/AbstractLSMTreeTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/AbstractLSMTreeTest.java
index 53ce238..3c8f9f7 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/AbstractLSMTreeTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/AbstractLSMTreeTest.java
@@ -1,3 +1,18 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
 package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.btree;
 
 import java.io.File;
@@ -11,7 +26,8 @@
 
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryBufferCache;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.HeapBufferAllocator;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
@@ -19,58 +35,65 @@
 
 public abstract class AbstractLSMTreeTest {
     protected static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(AbstractLSMTreeTest.class.getName());
-    public static final long RANDOM_SEED = 50;
-    
-    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 256;
-    private static final int NUM_PAGES = 10;
-    private static final int MAX_OPEN_FILES = 10;
+    private static final long RANDOM_SEED = 50;
+    private static final int DISK_PAGE_SIZE = 256;
+    private static final int DISK_NUM_PAGES = 10;
+    private static final int DISK_MAX_OPEN_FILES = 100;
+    private static final int MEM_PAGE_SIZE = 256;
+    private static final int MEM_NUM_PAGES = 10;
     private static final int HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE = 128;
-        
+    protected static final int dummyFileId = -1;           
+    
+    protected IBufferCache diskBufferCache;
+    protected IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider;
+    protected InMemoryBufferCache memBufferCache;
     protected IHyracksTaskContext ctx; 
-    protected IBufferCache bufferCache;
-    protected int btreeFileId;
     
     protected final Random rnd = new Random();
     protected final static SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("ddMMyy-hhmmssSS");
     protected final static String tmpDir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
     protected final static String sep = System.getProperty("file.separator");
-    protected String fileName;    
+    protected String onDiskDir;
     
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
-        fileName = tmpDir + sep + simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
+        onDiskDir = tmpDir + sep + "lsm_btree" + simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()) + sep;
         ctx = TestUtils.create(getHyracksFrameSize());
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(getPageSize(), getNumPages(), getMaxOpenFiles());
-        bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName)); 
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        btreeFileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(btreeFileId);
+        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(getDiskPageSize(), getDiskNumPages(), getDiskMaxOpenFiles());
+        diskBufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
+        diskFileMapProvider = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
+        memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), getMemPageSize(), getDiskPageSize());
         rnd.setSeed(RANDOM_SEED);
     }
     
     @After
     public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
-        bufferCache.closeFile(btreeFileId);
-        bufferCache.close();
-        File f = new File(fileName);
+        diskBufferCache.close();
+        File f = new File(onDiskDir);
         f.deleteOnExit();
     }
     
-    public int getPageSize() {
-        return PAGE_SIZE;
+    public int getDiskPageSize() {
+        return DISK_PAGE_SIZE;
     }
     
-    public int getNumPages() {
-        return NUM_PAGES;
+    public int getDiskNumPages() {
+        return DISK_NUM_PAGES;
+    }
+    
+    public int getDiskMaxOpenFiles() {
+        return DISK_MAX_OPEN_FILES;
+    }
+    
+    public int getMemPageSize() {
+        return MEM_PAGE_SIZE;
+    }
+    
+    public int getMemNumPages() {
+        return MEM_NUM_PAGES;
     }
     
     public int getHyracksFrameSize() {
         return HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE;
     }
-    
-    public int getMaxOpenFiles() {
-        return MAX_OPEN_FILES;
-    }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeDeleteTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeDeleteTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 7fd913f..0000000
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeDeleteTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1090 +0,0 @@
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.btree;
-
-import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
-
-import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
-import java.io.DataInput;
-import java.io.DataInputStream;
-import java.io.DataOutput;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.comm.IFrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.RecordDescriptor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.accessors.PointableBinaryComparatorFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAppender;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.FrameTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.RangePredicate;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexCursor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.BTreeFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.LSMTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.HeapBufferAllocator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestUtils;
-
-public class LSMTreeDeleteTest extends AbstractLSMTreeTest {
-
-    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 256;
-    private static final int NUM_PAGES = 100;
-    private static final int MAX_OPEN_FILES = 100;
-    private static final int HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE = 128;
-    private IHyracksTaskContext ctx = TestUtils.create(HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE);
-
-    // BASIC DELETE TEST
-    // create a fix-length lsm tree, and do 100 deletes. That is insert 100
-    // delete nodes into the in-memory tree.
-    @Test
-    public void Test1() throws Exception {
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(100, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-
-        int resultSize = 50;
-        int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][3];
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i + 1;
-            resultArray[i][2] = 1;
-        }
-
-        // delete
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test01:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // scan
-        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
-        RangePredicate nullPred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-        lsmTreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
-
-        try {
-            int scanTupleIndex = 0;
-            int arrayIndex = 0;
-            Object o = null;
-            while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
-                scanCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
-                int numPrintFields = Math.min(frameTuple.getFieldCount(), recDescSers.length);
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < numPrintFields; i++) {
-                    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(frameTuple.getFieldData(i),
-                            frameTuple.getFieldStart(i), frameTuple.getFieldLength(i));
-                    DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
-                    o = recDescSers[i].deserialize(dataIn);
-
-                }
-                while (resultArray[arrayIndex][2] != 0) {
-                    arrayIndex++;
-                }
-                if (Integer.parseInt(o.toString()) != resultArray[arrayIndex][1]) {
-                    fail("Input value and Output value doesn't match on the " + scanTupleIndex + " tuple\n");
-                }
-                scanTupleIndex++;
-                arrayIndex++;
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            scanCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        lsmtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        memBufferCache.close();
-    }
-
-    // INSERT-DELETE TEST
-    // create a fix-length lsm tree. First, do 100 insertions,
-    // and then do 50 deletions which has the same 50 keys which are part of the
-    // insertions.
-    @Test
-    public void Test2() throws Exception {
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(100, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        int resultSize = 100;
-        int deleteStartPosition = 50;
-        int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][3];
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i + 1;
-            resultArray[i][2] = 0;
-        }
-
-        // insert
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test02:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // delete
-        for (int i = deleteStartPosition; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = ++resultArray[i][1];
-            resultArray[i][2] = 1;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test02:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // scan
-        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
-        RangePredicate nullPred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-        lsmTreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
-
-        try {
-            int scanTupleIndex = 0;
-            int arrayIndex = 0;
-            Object o = null;
-            while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
-                scanCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
-                int numPrintFields = Math.min(frameTuple.getFieldCount(), recDescSers.length);
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < numPrintFields; i++) {
-                    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(frameTuple.getFieldData(i),
-                            frameTuple.getFieldStart(i), frameTuple.getFieldLength(i));
-                    DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
-                    o = recDescSers[i].deserialize(dataIn);
-
-                }
-                while (resultArray[arrayIndex][2] != 0) {
-                    arrayIndex++;
-                }
-                if (Integer.parseInt(o.toString()) != resultArray[arrayIndex][1]) {
-                    fail("Input value and Output value doesn't match on the " + scanTupleIndex + " tuple\n");
-                }
-
-                scanTupleIndex++;
-                arrayIndex++;
-
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            scanCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        lsmtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        memBufferCache.close();
-    }
-
-    // DELETE->INSERT TEST
-    // create a fix-length lsm tree. First, do 100 deletions,
-    // and then do 50 insertions which has the same 50 keys which are part of
-    // the deletions.
-    @Test
-    public void Test3() throws Exception {
-        System.out.println("TEST3");
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        // change
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(100, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        int resultSize = 100;
-        int insertStartPosition = 50;
-        int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][3];
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i + 1;
-            resultArray[i][2] = 1;
-        }
-
-        // delete
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // insert
-        for (int i = insertStartPosition; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = ++resultArray[i][1];
-            resultArray[i][2] = 0;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // scan
-        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
-        RangePredicate nullPred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-        lsmTreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
-
-        try {
-            int scanTupleIndex = 0;
-            int arrayIndex = 0;
-            Object o = null;
-            while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
-                scanCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
-                int numPrintFields = Math.min(frameTuple.getFieldCount(), recDescSers.length);
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < numPrintFields; i++) {
-                    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(frameTuple.getFieldData(i),
-                            frameTuple.getFieldStart(i), frameTuple.getFieldLength(i));
-                    DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
-                    o = recDescSers[i].deserialize(dataIn);
-                }
-                while (resultArray[arrayIndex][2] != 0) {
-                    arrayIndex++;
-                }
-                if (Integer.parseInt(o.toString()) != resultArray[arrayIndex][1]) {
-                    fail("Input value and Output value doesn't match on the " + scanTupleIndex + " tuple\n");
-                }
-
-                scanTupleIndex++;
-                arrayIndex++;
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            scanCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        lsmtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        memBufferCache.close();
-    }
-
-    // TEST DELETION and PageAllocationException
-    // create a fix-length lsm tree. First, do 811 deletions,
-    // the page will be run out on the 810th deletions, if there is any
-    // exception returns, the test case fails.
-    @Test
-    public void Test4() throws Exception {
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(100, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        // For the Flush Mechanism
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        int resultSize = 811;
-        int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][2];
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i + 1;
-        }
-
-        // delete
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test04:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-                fail("test04: Catch TreeIndexException" + e);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-                fail("test04: Catch Other Exceptions" + e);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // DELETE -> DELETE
-    // create a fix-length lsm tree. First, do 100 deletions,
-    // and then do 50 deletions which has the same 50 keys which are part of the
-    // first deletions.
-    @Test
-    public void Test5() throws Exception {
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(100, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        int resultSize = 100;
-        int insertStartPosition = 50;
-        int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][3];
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i + 1;
-            resultArray[i][2] = 1;
-        }
-
-        // First deletion part
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test05:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Second delete part
-        for (int i = insertStartPosition; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = ++resultArray[i][1];
-            resultArray[i][2] = 1;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test05:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // scan
-        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
-        RangePredicate nullPred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-        lsmTreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
-
-        try {
-            int scanTupleIndex = 0;
-            int arrayIndex = 0;
-            Object o = null;
-            while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
-                scanCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
-                int numPrintFields = Math.min(frameTuple.getFieldCount(), recDescSers.length);
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < numPrintFields; i++) {
-                    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(frameTuple.getFieldData(i),
-                            frameTuple.getFieldStart(i), frameTuple.getFieldLength(i));
-                    DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
-                    o = recDescSers[i].deserialize(dataIn);
-
-                }
-                while (resultArray[arrayIndex][2] != 0) {
-                    arrayIndex++;
-                }
-                if (Integer.parseInt(o.toString()) != resultArray[arrayIndex][1]) {
-                    fail("Input value and Output value doesn't match on the " + scanTupleIndex + " tuple\n");
-                }
-
-                scanTupleIndex++;
-                arrayIndex++;
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            scanCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        lsmtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        memBufferCache.close();
-    }
-
-    // INSERT -> DELETE -> INSERT
-    // create a fix-length lsm tree. Do the insertion, deletion and insertion.
-    // the final result will be
-    // | 0~9 | 10~19 | 20~39 | 40~59 | 60~79 | 80~99 |
-    // | f1=10 | f1=9 | f1=8 | f1=7 | f1=6 | f1=5 |
-    // | Insert| Insert| Delete| Delete| Insert| Insert|
-    @Test
-    public void Test6() throws Exception {
-
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(100, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-
-        int resultSize = 180;
-        int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][3];
-
-        // insert
-        for (int i = 0; i < 180; i++) {
-            int f0 = i % 100;
-            int f1;
-            if (i >= 100) {
-                f1 = 6;
-            } else {
-                f1 = 5;
-            }
-
-            resultArray[f0][0] = f0;
-            resultArray[f0][1] = f1;
-            resultArray[f0][2] = 0;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test06:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // delete
-        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
-            int f0 = i % 60;
-            int f1;
-            if (i >= 60) {
-                f1 = 8;
-            } else {
-                f1 = 7;
-            }
-
-            resultArray[f0][0] = f0;
-            resultArray[f0][1] = f1;
-            resultArray[f0][2] = 1;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test06:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-
-        }
-
-        // reinsert
-        for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
-            int f0 = i % 20;
-            int f1;
-            if (i >= 20) {
-                f1 = 10;
-            } else {
-                f1 = 9;
-            }
-
-            resultArray[f0][0] = f0;
-            resultArray[f0][1] = f1;
-            resultArray[f0][2] = 0;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test06:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // scan
-        ITreeIndexCursor scanCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
-        RangePredicate nullPred = new RangePredicate(true, null, null, true, true, null, null);
-        lsmTreeAccessor.search(scanCursor, nullPred);
-
-        try {
-            int scanTupleIndex = 0;
-            int arrayIndex = 0;
-            Object o = null;
-            while (scanCursor.hasNext()) {
-                scanCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = scanCursor.getTuple();
-                int numPrintFields = Math.min(frameTuple.getFieldCount(), recDescSers.length);
-
-                for (int i = 0; i < numPrintFields; i++) {
-                    ByteArrayInputStream inStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(frameTuple.getFieldData(i),
-                            frameTuple.getFieldStart(i), frameTuple.getFieldLength(i));
-                    DataInput dataIn = new DataInputStream(inStream);
-                    o = recDescSers[i].deserialize(dataIn);
-                }
-                while (resultArray[arrayIndex][2] != 0) {
-                    arrayIndex++;
-                }
-                if (Integer.parseInt(o.toString()) != resultArray[arrayIndex][1]) {
-                    fail("Input value and Output value doesn't match on the " + scanTupleIndex + " tuple\n");
-                }
-
-                scanTupleIndex++;
-                arrayIndex++;
-            }
-
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            scanCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        lsmtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        memBufferCache.close();
-    }
-}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeFlushTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeFlushTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c40485..0000000
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeFlushTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,754 +0,0 @@
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.btree;
-
-import java.io.DataOutput;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.comm.IFrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.RecordDescriptor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.accessors.PointableBinaryComparatorFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAppender;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.FrameTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.api.IBTreeLeafFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.BTreeFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.LSMTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.HeapBufferAllocator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestUtils;
-
-public class LSMTreeFlushTest extends AbstractLSMTreeTest {
-    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 256;
-    private static final int NUM_PAGES = 100;
-    private static final int MAX_OPEN_FILES = 10000;
-    private static final int HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE = 128;
-    private IHyracksTaskContext ctx = TestUtils.create(HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE);
-
-    // BASIC TEST
-    // @Test
-    // public void Test1() throws Exception {
-    // System.out.printf("TEST1 START\n");
-    // //in disk
-    // TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES,
-    // MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-    // IBufferCache bufferCache =
-    // TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-    // IFileMapProvider fmp =
-    // TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-    // FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-    // bufferCache.createFile(file);
-    // int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-    // bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-    //
-    // //in memory
-    // InMemoryBufferCacheFactory InMemBufferCacheFactory = new
-    // InMemoryBufferCacheFactory(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-    // IBufferCache memBufferCache =
-    // InMemBufferCacheFactory.createInMemoryBufferCache();
-    //
-    // // declare fields
-    // int fieldCount = 2;
-    // ITypeTrait[] typeTraits = new ITypeTrait[fieldCount];
-    // typeTraits[0] = new TypeTrait(4);
-    // typeTraits[1] = new TypeTrait(4);
-    //
-    // // declare keys
-    // int keyFieldCount = 1;
-    // IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new
-    // IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
-    // cmpFactories[0] = IntegerBinaryComparatorFactory.INSTANCE;
-    //
-    // MultiComparator cmp = BTreeUtils.createMultiComparator(cmpFactories);
-    //
-    // LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new
-    // LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-    // LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new
-    // LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-    //
-    // ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new
-    // BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-    // ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new
-    // BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-    // ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new
-    // BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-    // ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new
-    // LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-    //
-    // IBTreeLeafFrame insertLeafFrame = (IBTreeLeafFrame)
-    // insertLeafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-    //
-    // IFreePageManager freePageManager = new
-    // LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-    // IFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(100,
-    // metaFrameFactory);
-    //
-    // // For the Flush Mechanism
-    // LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory flushTupleWriterFactory = new
-    // LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-    // ITreeIndexFrameFactory flushLeafFrameFactory = new
-    // BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(flushTupleWriterFactory);
-    // FreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new
-    // FreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-    // BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache,
-    // freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount, interiorFrameFactory,
-    // flushLeafFrameFactory);
-    //
-    //
-    //
-    // // LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(3, 100, 2, memBufferCache, bufferCache,
-    // fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-    // // freePageManager, interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory,
-    // deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory, flushLeafFrameFactory,
-    // (IFileMapManager)fmp);
-    // //
-    // LSMTree lsmtree = LSMTreeUtils.createLSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache,
-    // fileId, typeTraits, cmp.getComparators(), BTreeLeafFrameType.REGULAR_NSM,
-    // (IFileMapManager)fmp);
-    // lsmtree.create(fileId);
-    // lsmtree.open(fileId);
-    //
-    // ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-    // FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-    // DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-    //
-    // ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = {
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-    // RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-    //
-    // IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(),
-    // recDesc);
-    // accessor.reset(frame);
-    //
-    // FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-    //
-    // int resultSize = 100;
-    // int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][2];
-    //
-    //
-    // //insert 100 tuples
-    // for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++){
-    // resultArray[i][0] = i;
-    // resultArray[i][1] = 1;
-    // }
-    //
-    //
-    // LSMTreeOpContext insertOpCtx = lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.INSERT);
-    // for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-    //
-    // int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-    // int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-    //
-    // tb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    //
-    // appender.reset(frame, true);
-    // appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // tb.getSize());
-    //
-    // tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-    // t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-    //
-    // try {
-    // lsmtree.insert(t, insertOpCtx);
-    // } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-    // System.out.println("test01:" + e);
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // } catch (Exception e) {
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // }
-    // }
-    // // Delete the first 50 keys in the in-memory tree
-    // insertOpCtx = lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.DELETE);
-    // for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++){
-    // resultArray[i][0] = i;
-    // resultArray[i][1] = 1;
-    // }
-    //
-    // for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
-    //
-    // int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-    // int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-    //
-    // tb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    //
-    // appender.reset(frame, true);
-    // appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // tb.getSize());
-    //
-    // tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-    // t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-    //
-    // try {
-    // lsmtree.delete(t, insertOpCtx);
-    // } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-    // System.out.println("test01:" + e);
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // } catch (Exception e) {
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // }
-    // }
-    //
-    //
-    // //Flush the tree into the first in Disk tree
-    // lsmtree.flushInMemoryBtree();
-    //
-    // //insert 50 delete nodes
-    // insertOpCtx = lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.DELETE);
-    // for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++){
-    // resultArray[i][0] = i;
-    // resultArray[i][1] = 2;
-    // }
-    //
-    // for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
-    //
-    // int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-    // int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-    //
-    // tb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    //
-    // appender.reset(frame, true);
-    // appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // tb.getSize());
-    //
-    // tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-    // t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-    //
-    // try {
-    // lsmtree.delete(t, insertOpCtx);
-    // } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-    // System.out.println("test01:" + e);
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // } catch (Exception e) {
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // }
-    // }
-    //
-    // // insert 25 nodes
-    // insertOpCtx = lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.INSERT);
-    // for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++){
-    // resultArray[i][0] = i;
-    // resultArray[i][1] = 2;
-    // }
-    // for (int i = 0; i < 25; i++) {
-    //
-    // int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-    // int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-    //
-    // tb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    //
-    // appender.reset(frame, true);
-    // appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // tb.getSize());
-    //
-    // tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-    // t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-    //
-    // try {
-    // lsmtree.insert(t, insertOpCtx);
-    // } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-    // System.out.println("test01:" + e);
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // } catch (Exception e) {
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // }
-    // }
-    //
-    // //Flush the tree into the fist in Disk tree, which have fieldId as "1"
-    // lsmtree.flushInMemoryBtree();
-    //
-    // //Print out the first in Disk Btree
-    // System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the first tree");
-    // lsmtree.scanDiskTree(0);
-    // //Print out the second in Disk Btree
-    // System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the second tree");
-    // lsmtree.scanDiskTree(1);
-    //
-    //
-    // lsmtree.close();
-    // bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-    // memBufferCache.close();
-    //
-    // System.out.printf("End of TEST1()\n");
-    //
-    // }
-    // TEST auto Flush
-    @Test
-    public void Test2() throws Exception {
-        System.out.printf("TEST2 START\n");
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        IBTreeLeafFrame insertLeafFrame = (IBTreeLeafFrame) insertLeafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(NUM_PAGES, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        // For the Flush Mechanism
-        LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory flushTupleWriterFactory = new LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory flushLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(flushTupleWriterFactory);
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, flushLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        int resultSize = 820;
-        int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][2];
-
-        // insert 820 tuples
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i;
-        }
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-        for (int i = 0; i < resultSize; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test02:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Print out the third in Disk Btree
-        System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the first tree");
-        // lsmtree.scanDiskTree(2);
-        // Print out the second in Disk Btree
-        System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the first tree");
-        // lsmtree.scanDiskTree(1);
-        // Print out the first in Disk Btree
-        System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the first tree");
-        lsmtree.scanDiskTree(0);
-
-        lsmtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        memBufferCache.close();
-
-        System.out.printf("End of TEST2()\n");
-
-    }
-
-    // @Test
-    // public void Test3() throws Exception {
-    // System.out.printf("TEST3 START\n");
-    // //in disk
-    // TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES,
-    // MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-    // IBufferCache bufferCache =
-    // TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-    // IFileMapProvider fmp =
-    // TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-    // FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-    // bufferCache.createFile(file);
-    // int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-    // bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-    //
-    // //in memory
-    // InMemoryBufferCacheFactory InMemBufferCacheFactory = new
-    // InMemoryBufferCacheFactory(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-    // IBufferCache memBufferCache =
-    // InMemBufferCacheFactory.createInMemoryBufferCache();
-    //
-    // // declare fields
-    // int fieldCount = 2;
-    // ITypeTrait[] typeTraits = new ITypeTrait[fieldCount];
-    // typeTraits[0] = new TypeTrait(4);
-    // typeTraits[1] = new TypeTrait(4);
-    //
-    // // declare keys
-    // int keyFieldCount = 1;
-    // IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = new
-    // IBinaryComparatorFactory[keyFieldCount];
-    // cmpFactories[0] = IntegerBinaryComparatorFactory.INSTANCE;
-    //
-    // MultiComparator cmp = BTreeUtils.createMultiComparator(cmpFactories);
-    //
-    // LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new
-    // LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-    // LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new
-    // LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-    //
-    // ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new
-    // BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-    // ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new
-    // BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-    // ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new
-    // BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-    // ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new
-    // LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-    //
-    // IBTreeLeafFrame insertLeafFrame = (IBTreeLeafFrame)
-    // insertLeafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-    //
-    // IFreePageManager freePageManager = new
-    // LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-    // IFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(30,
-    // metaFrameFactory);
-    //
-    // // For the Flush Mechanism
-    // LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory flushTupleWriterFactory = new
-    // LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-    // ITreeIndexFrameFactory flushLeafFrameFactory = new
-    // BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(flushTupleWriterFactory);
-    // FreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new
-    // FreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-    // BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache,
-    // freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount, interiorFrameFactory,
-    // flushLeafFrameFactory);
-    //
-    //
-    //
-    // LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount,
-    // cmp, memFreePageManager, interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory,
-    // deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory, (IFileMapManager)fmp);
-    //
-    // lsmtree.create(fileId);
-    // lsmtree.open(fileId);
-    //
-    // ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-    // FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-    // DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-    //
-    // ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = {
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-    // RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-    //
-    // IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(),
-    // recDesc);
-    // accessor.reset(frame);
-    //
-    // FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-    //
-    // int resultSize = 500;
-    // int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][2];
-    //
-    //
-    // //insert 250 tuples
-    // System.out.printf("Start for 1st Insert\n");
-    // LSMTreeOpContext insertOpCtx = lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.INSERT);
-    // for (int i = 0; i < 252; i++){
-    // resultArray[i][0] = i;
-    // resultArray[i][1] = i;
-    // }
-    // for (int i = 0; i < 252; i++) {
-    //
-    // int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-    // int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-    //
-    // tb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    //
-    // appender.reset(frame, true);
-    // appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // tb.getSize());
-    //
-    // tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-    // t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-    //
-    // try {
-    // lsmtree.insert(t, insertOpCtx);
-    // } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-    // System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // } catch (Exception e) {
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // }
-    // }
-    // System.out.printf("Start for 2nd Insert\n");
-    // //delete 126~251. Deletion of 251 cause the flush
-    // insertOpCtx.reset(IndexOp.DELETE);
-    // // LSMTreeOpContext insertOpCtx =
-    // lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.DELETE);
-    // for (int i = 125; i < 253; i++){
-    // resultArray[i][0] = i;
-    // resultArray[i][1] = i;
-    // }
-    // for (int i = 126; i < 253; i++) {
-    // int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-    // int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-    //
-    // tb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    //
-    // appender.reset(frame, true);
-    // appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // tb.getSize());
-    //
-    // tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-    // t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-    //
-    // try {
-    // lsmtree.delete(t, insertOpCtx);
-    // } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-    // System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // } catch (Exception e) {
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // }
-    // }
-    // //delete 0~250
-    // insertOpCtx = lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.INSERT);
-    // for (int i = 130; i > 0; i--){
-    // resultArray[i][0] = i;
-    // resultArray[i][1] = i;
-    // }
-    // for (int i = 130; i > 0; i--) {
-    //
-    // int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-    // int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-    //
-    // tb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-    // tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    //
-    // appender.reset(frame, true);
-    // appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // tb.getSize());
-    //
-    // tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-    //
-    // ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-    // t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-    //
-    // try {
-    // lsmtree.insert(t, insertOpCtx);
-    // } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-    // System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // } catch (Exception e) {
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // }
-    // }
-    //
-    // //
-    // //
-    // //
-    // // //Print out the second in Disk Btree
-    // // System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the second tree");
-    // // lsmtree.scanDiskTree(1);
-    // // //Print out the first in Disk Btree
-    // // System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the first tree");
-    // // lsmtree.scanDiskTree(0);
-    // //
-    // // //Print out the In-memory Tree
-    // //
-    // System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the In-memory tree");
-    // // lsmtree.scanInMemoryTree();
-    // // //TODO: scan whole tree
-    //
-    // LOGGER.info("RANGE SEARCH:");
-    //
-    // BTreeOpContext searchOpCtx = lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.SEARCH);
-    // ITreeIndexCursor rangeCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
-    //
-    // // build low and high keys
-    // ArrayTupleBuilder ktb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(cmp.getKeyFieldCount());
-    // DataOutput kdos = ktb.getDataOutput();
-    //
-    // ISerializerDeserializer[] keyDescSers = {
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-    // RecordDescriptor keyDesc = new RecordDescriptor(keyDescSers);
-    // IFrameTupleAccessor keyAccessor = new
-    // FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), keyDesc);
-    // keyAccessor.reset(frame);
-    //
-    // appender.reset(frame, true);
-    //
-    // // build and append low key
-    // ktb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(-1, kdos);
-    // ktb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // appender.append(ktb.getFieldEndOffsets(), ktb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // ktb.getSize());
-    //
-    // // build and append high key
-    // ktb.reset();
-    // IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(300, kdos);
-    // ktb.addFieldEndOffset();
-    // appender.append(ktb.getFieldEndOffsets(), ktb.getByteArray(), 0,
-    // ktb.getSize());
-    //
-    // // create tuplereferences for search keys
-    // FrameTupleReference lowKey = new FrameTupleReference();
-    // lowKey.reset(keyAccessor, 0);
-    //
-    // FrameTupleReference highKey = new FrameTupleReference();
-    // highKey.reset(keyAccessor, 1);
-    //
-    // IBinaryComparator[] searchCmps = new IBinaryComparator[1];
-    // searchCmps[0] =
-    // IntegerBinaryComparatorFactory.INSTANCE.createBinaryComparator();
-    // MultiComparator searchCmp = new MultiComparator(searchCmps);
-    //
-    // RangePredicate rangePred = new RangePredicate(true, lowKey, highKey,
-    // true, true, searchCmp, searchCmp);
-    // lsmtree.search(rangeCursor, rangePred, searchOpCtx);
-    //
-    // try {
-    // while (rangeCursor.hasNext()) {
-    // rangeCursor.next();
-    // ITupleReference frameTuple = rangeCursor.getTuple();
-    // String rec = TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, recDescSers);
-    // if(((LSMTypeAwareTupleReference)frameTuple).isDelete()) {
-    // System.out.println("del " + rec);
-    // }
-    // else {
-    // System.out.println("ins " + rec);
-    // }
-    // // System.out.println("------------------");
-    // }
-    // } catch (Exception e) {
-    // e.printStackTrace();
-    // } finally {
-    // rangeCursor.close();
-    // }
-    //
-    // lsmtree.close();
-    // bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-    // memBufferCache.close();
-    //
-    // System.out.printf("End of TEST3()\n");
-    //
-    // }
-
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeMergeTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeMergeTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 24677f7..0000000
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeMergeTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,377 +0,0 @@
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.btree;
-
-import java.io.DataOutput;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.comm.IFrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.RecordDescriptor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.accessors.PointableBinaryComparatorFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAppender;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.FrameTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.api.IBTreeLeafFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.BTreeFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.LSMTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.HeapBufferAllocator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestUtils;
-
-public class LSMTreeMergeTest extends AbstractLSMTreeTest {
-    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 256;
-    private static final int NUM_PAGES = 30;
-    private static final int MAX_OPEN_FILES = 100;
-    private static final int HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE = 128;
-    private IHyracksTaskContext ctx = TestUtils.create(HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE);
-
-    @Test
-    public void Test1() throws Exception {
-        System.out.printf("TEST1 START\n");
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        IBTreeLeafFrame insertLeafFrame = (IBTreeLeafFrame) insertLeafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(NUM_PAGES, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        // For the Flush Mechanism
-        LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory flushTupleWriterFactory = new LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory flushLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(flushTupleWriterFactory);
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, flushLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        // LSMTree lsmtree = LSMTreeUtils.createLSMTree(10, 30, 2,
-        // memBufferCache, bufferCache, fileId, typeTraits,
-        // cmp.getComparators(), BTreeLeafFrameType.REGULAR_NSM,
-        // (IFileMapManager)fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        int resultSize = 100000;
-        int[][] resultArray = new int[resultSize][2];
-
-        // insert 0~250 tuples
-        System.out.printf("Start for 1st Insert\n");
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-        for (int i = 0; i < 251; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i;
-        }
-        for (int i = 0; i < 251; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-        System.out.printf("Start for 2nd Insert\n");
-        // delete 126~250.
-        for (int i = 126; i < 251; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i;
-        }
-        for (int i = 126; i < 251; i++) {
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-        // insert 251~1
-        for (int i = 251; i > 0; i--) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i;
-        }
-        for (int i = 251; i > 0; i--) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-        // delete 100~0
-        for (int i = 100; i >= 0; i--) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i;
-        }
-        for (int i = 100; i >= 0; i--) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-        // insert 1~50
-        for (int i = 1; i < 51; i++) {
-            resultArray[i][0] = i;
-            resultArray[i][1] = i;
-        }
-        for (int i = 1; i < 51; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = resultArray[i][0];
-            int f1 = resultArray[i][1];
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test03:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        lsmtree.merge();
-
-        // Output should be:
-        // In memory tree = 0->del, 1~50 ins
-        // MergedTree = 0->ins, 1~100->del, 101~251->ins
-        // Whole search = 1~50,101~251
-
-        // System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the first tree");
-        // lsmtree.scanDiskTree(1);
-        //
-        // Print out the first in Disk Btree
-        // System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the first tree");
-        // lsmtree.scanDiskTree(0);
-        // Print out the In-memory Tree
-        System.out.println("LSMTreeFlushTest: start print the In-memory tree");
-        lsmtree.scanInMemoryTree();
-        // TODO: scan whole tree
-        /*
-         * System.out.println("Range SEARCH:");
-         * 
-         * BTreeOpContext searchOpCtx = lsmtree.createOpContext(IndexOp.SEARCH);
-         * ITreeIndexCursor rangeCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
-         * 
-         * // build low and high keys ArrayTupleBuilder ktb = new
-         * ArrayTupleBuilder(cmp.getKeyFieldCount()); DataOutput kdos =
-         * ktb.getDataOutput();
-         * 
-         * ISerializerDeserializer[] keyDescSers = {
-         * IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE }; RecordDescriptor keyDesc =
-         * new RecordDescriptor(keyDescSers); IFrameTupleAccessor keyAccessor =
-         * new FrameTupleAccessor( ctx.getFrameSize(), keyDesc);
-         * keyAccessor.reset(frame);
-         * 
-         * appender.reset(frame, true);
-         * 
-         * // build and append low key ktb.reset();
-         * IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(-1, kdos);
-         * ktb.addFieldEndOffset(); appender.append(ktb.getFieldEndOffsets(),
-         * ktb.getByteArray(), 0, ktb.getSize());
-         * 
-         * // build and append high key ktb.reset();
-         * IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(300, kdos);
-         * ktb.addFieldEndOffset(); appender.append(ktb.getFieldEndOffsets(),
-         * ktb.getByteArray(), 0, ktb.getSize());
-         * 
-         * // create tuplereferences for search keys FrameTupleReference lowKey
-         * = new FrameTupleReference(); lowKey.reset(keyAccessor, 0);
-         * 
-         * FrameTupleReference highKey = new FrameTupleReference();
-         * highKey.reset(keyAccessor, 1);
-         * 
-         * IBinaryComparator[] searchCmps = new IBinaryComparator[1];
-         * searchCmps[0] = IntegerBinaryComparatorFactory.INSTANCE
-         * .createBinaryComparator(); MultiComparator searchCmp = new
-         * MultiComparator(searchCmps);
-         * 
-         * RangePredicate rangePred = new RangePredicate(true, lowKey, highKey,
-         * true, true, searchCmp, searchCmp); lsmtree.search(rangeCursor,
-         * rangePred, searchOpCtx);
-         * 
-         * try { while (rangeCursor.hasNext()) { rangeCursor.next();
-         * ITupleReference frameTuple = rangeCursor.getTuple(); String rec =
-         * TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, recDescSers); if
-         * (((LSMTypeAwareTupleReference) frameTuple).isDelete()) {
-         * System.out.println("del " + rec); } else { System.out.println("ins "
-         * + rec); } // System.out.println("------------------"); } } catch
-         * (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { rangeCursor.close();
-         * }
-         */
-        lsmtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        memBufferCache.close();
-
-        System.out.printf("End of TEST1()\n");
-
-    }
-}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeSearchTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeSearchTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index a342076..0000000
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/LSMTreeSearchTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,418 +0,0 @@
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.btree;
-
-import java.io.DataOutput;
-import java.io.File;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.util.Date;
-import java.util.Random;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.comm.IFrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.RecordDescriptor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.accessors.PointableBinaryComparatorFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleBuilder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.ArrayTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.comm.io.FrameTupleAppender;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.FrameTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.util.TupleUtils;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.api.IBTreeInteriorFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.api.IBTreeLeafFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.BTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.RangePredicate;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexCursor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrame;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.tuples.TypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.BTreeFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.InDiskTreeInfo;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.LSMTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMTypeAwareTupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.HeapBufferAllocator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestUtils;
-
-// TODO: needs a big cleanup phase.
-public class LSMTreeSearchTest extends AbstractLSMTreeTest {
-
-    private static final int PAGE_SIZE = 256;
-    private static final int NUM_PAGES = 10;
-    private static final int MAX_OPEN_FILES = 100;
-    private static final int HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE = 128;
-    private IHyracksTaskContext ctx = TestUtils.create(HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE);
-
-    @Test
-    public void Test1() throws Exception {
-        // in disk
-        TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
-        IBufferCache bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
-        IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        int fileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId);
-
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), PAGE_SIZE, NUM_PAGES);
-
-        // declare fields
-        int fieldCount = 2;
-        ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = new ITypeTraits[fieldCount];
-        typeTraits[0] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-        typeTraits[1] = IntegerPointable.TYPE_TRAITS;
-
-        // declare keys
-        int keyFieldCount = 1;
-        IBinaryComparator[] cmps = new IBinaryComparator[keyFieldCount];
-        cmps[0] = PointableBinaryComparatorFactory.of(IntegerPointable.FACTORY).createBinaryComparator();
-
-        MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-        LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-
-        IBTreeLeafFrame insertLeafFrame = (IBTreeLeafFrame) insertLeafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-        InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(100, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory flushTupleWriterFactory = new LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory flushLeafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(flushTupleWriterFactory);
-        LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, fieldCount,
-                interiorFrameFactory, flushLeafFrameFactory);
-
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, memFreePageManager,
-                interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory,
-                (IFileMapManager) fmp);
-
-        lsmtree.create(fileId);
-        lsmtree.open(fileId);
-
-        ByteBuffer frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        FrameTupleAppender appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-
-        ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        DataOutput dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] recDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
-                IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        IFrameTupleAccessor accessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), recDesc);
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        FrameTupleReference tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor lsmTreeAccessor = lsmtree.createAccessor();
-
-        // delete
-        for (int i = 26; i < 36; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = i;
-            int f1 = -1;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.delete(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test01:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        for (int i = 21; i < 31; i++) {
-            int f0 = i;
-            int f1 = 0;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            try {
-                lsmTreeAccessor.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                System.out.println("test01:" + e);
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-
-        // In disk insertions 1
-
-        LOGGER.info("Start in-disk insertions");
-
-        fileName = tmpDir + sep + simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
-        FileReference file_1 = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file_1);
-        int fileId_1 = fmp.lookupFileId(file_1);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId_1);
-
-        TypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new TypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-        ITreeIndexFrameFactory leafFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMLeafFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory);
-
-        IBTreeLeafFrame leafFrame = (IBTreeLeafFrame) leafFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        IBTreeInteriorFrame interiorFrame = (IBTreeInteriorFrame) interiorFrameFactory.createFrame();
-        ITreeIndexMetaDataFrame metaFrame = metaFrameFactory.createFrame();
-
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager_1 = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId_1, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-
-        BTree btree_1 = new BTree(bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, freePageManager_1, interiorFrameFactory,
-                leafFrameFactory);
-        btree_1.create(fileId_1);
-        btree_1.open(fileId_1);
-
-        // TODO: rename this one.
-        InDiskTreeInfo info_1 = new InDiskTreeInfo(btree_1);
-        lsmtree.inDiskTreeInfoList.add(info_1);
-
-        Random rnd = new Random();
-        rnd.setSeed(50);
-
-        LOGGER.info("INSERTING INTO TREE");
-
-        // ByteBuffer
-        frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        // FrameTupleAppender
-        appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-        // ArrayTupleBuilder
-        tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        // DataOutput
-        dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor_1 = btree_1.createAccessor();
-
-        // 10000
-        for (int i = 16; i < 41; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = i;
-            int f1 = 1;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            if (i % 10 == 0) {
-                System.out.println("INSERTING " + i + " : " + f0 + " " + f1);
-            }
-
-            try {
-                indexAccessor_1.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-                System.out.println("Error: " + e);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-        // btree_1.close();
-
-        // In disk insertions 2
-
-        LOGGER.info("Start in-disk insertions");
-
-        fileName = tmpDir + sep + simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
-        FileReference file_2 = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file_2);
-        int fileId_2 = fmp.lookupFileId(file_2);
-        bufferCache.openFile(fileId_2);
-
-        IFreePageManager freePageManager_2 = new LinkedListFreePageManager(bufferCache, fileId_2, 0, metaFrameFactory);
-        BTree btree_2 = new BTree(bufferCache, fieldCount, cmp, freePageManager_2, interiorFrameFactory,
-                leafFrameFactory);
-        btree_2.create(fileId_2);
-        btree_2.open(fileId_2);
-
-        InDiskTreeInfo info_2 = new InDiskTreeInfo(btree_2);
-        lsmtree.inDiskTreeInfoList.add(info_2);
-
-        LOGGER.info("INSERTING INTO TREE");
-
-        // ByteBuffer
-        frame = ctx.allocateFrame();
-        // FrameTupleAppender
-        appender = new FrameTupleAppender(ctx.getFrameSize());
-        // ArrayTupleBuilder
-        tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
-        // DataOutput
-        dos = tb.getDataOutput();
-
-        recDesc = new RecordDescriptor(recDescSers);
-
-        accessor.reset(frame);
-
-        tuple = new FrameTupleReference();
-
-        ITreeIndexAccessor indexAccessor_2 = btree_2.createAccessor();
-
-        // 10000
-        for (int i = 11; i < 51; i++) {
-
-            int f0 = i;
-            int f1 = 2;
-
-            tb.reset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f0, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(f1, dos);
-            tb.addFieldEndOffset();
-
-            appender.reset(frame, true);
-            appender.append(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray(), 0, tb.getSize());
-
-            tuple.reset(accessor, 0);
-
-            ArrayTupleReference t = new ArrayTupleReference();
-            t.reset(tb.getFieldEndOffsets(), tb.getByteArray());
-
-            if (i % 10 == 0) {
-                System.out.println("INSERTING " + i + " : " + f0 + " " + f1);
-            }
-
-            try {
-                indexAccessor_2.insert(t);
-            } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-                System.out.println("Error: " + e);
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
-        }
-        // btree_2.close();
-
-        // range search in [-1000, 1000]
-        LOGGER.info("RANGE SEARCH:");
-
-        ITreeIndexCursor rangeCursor = new LSMTreeRangeSearchCursor();
-
-        // build low and high keys
-        ArrayTupleBuilder ktb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(cmp.getKeyFieldCount());
-        DataOutput kdos = ktb.getDataOutput();
-
-        ISerializerDeserializer[] keyDescSers = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
-        RecordDescriptor keyDesc = new RecordDescriptor(keyDescSers);
-        IFrameTupleAccessor keyAccessor = new FrameTupleAccessor(ctx.getFrameSize(), keyDesc);
-        keyAccessor.reset(frame);
-
-        appender.reset(frame, true);
-
-        // build and append low key
-        ktb.reset();
-        IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(-100, kdos);
-        ktb.addFieldEndOffset();
-        appender.append(ktb.getFieldEndOffsets(), ktb.getByteArray(), 0, ktb.getSize());
-
-        // build and append high key
-        ktb.reset();
-        IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE.serialize(100, kdos);
-        ktb.addFieldEndOffset();
-        appender.append(ktb.getFieldEndOffsets(), ktb.getByteArray(), 0, ktb.getSize());
-
-        // create tuplereferences for search keys
-        FrameTupleReference lowKey = new FrameTupleReference();
-        lowKey.reset(keyAccessor, 0);
-
-        FrameTupleReference highKey = new FrameTupleReference();
-        highKey.reset(keyAccessor, 1);
-
-        IBinaryComparator[] searchCmps = cmps;
-        MultiComparator searchCmp = new MultiComparator(searchCmps);
-
-        RangePredicate rangePred = new RangePredicate(true, lowKey, highKey, true, true, searchCmp, searchCmp);
-        lsmTreeAccessor.search(rangeCursor, rangePred);
-
-        try {
-            while (rangeCursor.hasNext()) {
-                rangeCursor.next();
-                ITupleReference frameTuple = rangeCursor.getTuple();
-                String rec = TupleUtils.printTuple(frameTuple, recDescSers);
-                if (((LSMTypeAwareTupleReference) frameTuple).isDelete()) {
-                    System.out.println("del " + rec);
-                } else {
-                    System.out.println("ins " + rec);
-                }
-            }
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            rangeCursor.close();
-        }
-
-        lsmtree.close();
-        bufferCache.closeFile(fileId);
-        memBufferCache.close();
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/perf/LSMTreeRunner.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/perf/LSMTreeRunner.java
index 3890929..852511e 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/perf/LSMTreeRunner.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/perf/LSMTreeRunner.java
@@ -1,15 +1,12 @@
 package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.btree.perf;
 
-import java.io.File;
 import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
 import java.util.Date;
 
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.context.IHyracksTaskContext;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.exceptions.BTreeException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeLeafFrameType;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexAccessor;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.datagen.DataGenThread;
@@ -17,9 +14,9 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryBufferCache;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.LSMTree;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.util.LSMBTreeUtils;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.HeapBufferAllocator;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapManager;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestStorageManagerComponentHolder;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.test.support.TestUtils;
@@ -37,7 +34,7 @@
     protected final static String tmpDir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
     protected final static String sep = System.getProperty("file.separator");
     protected final static String classDir = "/lsmtree/";
-    protected String fileName;
+    protected String onDiskDir;
     
     protected final int numBatches;
     protected final LSMTree lsmtree;
@@ -51,21 +48,16 @@
         this.onDiskPageSize = onDiskPageSize;
         this.onDiskNumPages = onDiskNumPages;
         
-        fileName = tmpDir + classDir + sep + simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());
+        onDiskDir = tmpDir + classDir + sep + simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()) + sep;
         ctx = TestUtils.create(HYRACKS_FRAME_SIZE);
         
-        
         TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.init(this.onDiskPageSize, this.onDiskNumPages, MAX_OPEN_FILES);
         bufferCache = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getBufferCache(ctx);
         IFileMapProvider fmp = TestStorageManagerComponentHolder.getFileMapProvider(ctx);
-        FileReference file = new FileReference(new File(fileName));
-        bufferCache.createFile(file);
-        lsmtreeFileId = fmp.lookupFileId(file);
-        bufferCache.openFile(lsmtreeFileId);
         
-        IBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), inMemPageSize, inMemNumPages);
+        InMemoryBufferCache memBufferCache = new InMemoryBufferCache(new HeapBufferAllocator(), inMemPageSize, inMemNumPages);
 		
-        lsmtree = LSMTreeUtils.createLSMTree(memBufferCache, bufferCache, lsmtreeFileId, typeTraits, cmp.getComparators(), BTreeLeafFrameType.REGULAR_NSM, (IFileMapManager)fmp);
+        lsmtree = LSMBTreeUtils.createLSMTree(memBufferCache, onDiskDir, bufferCache, fmp, typeTraits, cmp.getComparators());
     }
 	@Override
 	public void init() throws Exception {
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/perf/LSMTreeUtils.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/perf/LSMTreeUtils.java
deleted file mode 100644
index cf66991..0000000
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsmtree-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsmtree/btree/perf/LSMTreeUtils.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.btree.perf;
-
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.IBinaryComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ITypeTraits;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.exceptions.BTreeException;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeLeafFrameType;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.util.BTreeUtils;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.frames.LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.freepage.LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.common.freepage.InMemoryFreePageManager;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.BTreeFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.impls.LSMTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsmtree.tuples.LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapManager;
-
-public class LSMTreeUtils {
-    public static LSMTree createLSMTree(IBufferCache memCache, IBufferCache bufferCache, int lsmtreeFileId, ITypeTraits[] typeTraits, IBinaryComparator[] cmps, BTreeLeafFrameType leafType, IFileMapManager fileMapManager) throws BTreeException {
-    	MultiComparator cmp = new MultiComparator(cmps);
-
-		LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
-		LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
-
-		ITreeIndexFrameFactory insertLeafFrameFactory = BTreeUtils.getLeafFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory,leafType);
-		ITreeIndexFrameFactory deleteLeafFrameFactory = BTreeUtils.getLeafFrameFactory(deleteTupleWriterFactory,leafType);
-		ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new BTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(insertTupleWriterFactory);
-		ITreeIndexMetaDataFrameFactory metaFrameFactory = new LIFOMetaDataFrameFactory();
-		InMemoryFreePageManager memFreePageManager = new InMemoryFreePageManager(memCache.getNumPages(), metaFrameFactory);
-	
-		// For the Flush Mechanism
-		LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory flushTupleWriterFactory = new LSMEntireTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
-		ITreeIndexFrameFactory flushLeafFrameFactory = BTreeUtils.getLeafFrameFactory(flushTupleWriterFactory,leafType); 
-		LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory freePageManagerFactory = new LinkedListFreePageManagerFactory(bufferCache, metaFrameFactory);
-		BTreeFactory bTreeFactory = new BTreeFactory(bufferCache, freePageManagerFactory, cmp, typeTraits.length, interiorFrameFactory, flushLeafFrameFactory);
-        
-        LSMTree lsmtree = new LSMTree(memCache, bufferCache, typeTraits.length, cmp, memFreePageManager, 
-    			 interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, bTreeFactory, fileMapManager);
-        return lsmtree;
-    }
-}