diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/invertedindex/impls/InvertedIndex.java b/hyracks-storage-am-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/invertedindex/impls/InvertedIndex.java
index ada05e6..580521e 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/invertedindex/impls/InvertedIndex.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/invertedindex/impls/InvertedIndex.java
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
     private int rootPageId = 0;
     private IBufferCache bufferCache;
     private IFileMapProvider fileMapProvider;
-    private int fileId;
+    private int fileId = -1;
     private FileReference file;
     private final ITypeTraits[] invListTypeTraits;
     private final IBinaryComparatorFactory[] invListCmpFactories;
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTree.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTree.java
index 634f1fa..c76400c 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTree.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTree.java
@@ -532,4 +532,8 @@
     public ILSMIOScheduler getIOScheduler() {
         return lsmHarness.getIOScheduler();
     }
+
+    public boolean isEmptyIndex() throws HyracksDataException {
+        return diskBTrees.isEmpty() && memBTree.isEmptyTree(memBTree.getInteriorFrameFactory().createFrame());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTreeOpContext.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTreeOpContext.java
index 8e665cd..6ffbf2c 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTreeOpContext.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTreeOpContext.java
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@
                 setMemBTreeAccessor();
                 return;
 
+            case UPSERT:
             case INSERT:
                 setInsertMode();
                 break;
diff --git a/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/AbstractLSMRTree.java b/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/AbstractLSMRTree.java
index 35d16a3..3101378 100644
--- a/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/AbstractLSMRTree.java
+++ b/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/AbstractLSMRTree.java
@@ -375,4 +375,10 @@
     public ILSMIOScheduler getIOScheduler() {
         return lsmHarness.getIOScheduler();
     }
+
+    public boolean isEmptyIndex() throws HyracksDataException {
+        return diskComponents.isEmpty()
+                && memComponent.btree.isEmptyTree(memComponent.btree.getInteriorFrameFactory().createFrame())
+                && memComponent.rtree.isEmptyTree(memComponent.rtree.getInteriorFrameFactory().createFrame());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexBulkLoadTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexBulkLoadTest.java
index 6c6327a..ee0e10b 100644
--- a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexBulkLoadTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexBulkLoadTest.java
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@
             ITupleReference lowKey, ITupleReference highKey, ITupleReference prefixLowKey, ITupleReference prefixHighKey)
             throws Exception {
         OrderedIndexTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, numKeys, leafType);
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         for (int i = 0; i < bulkLoadRounds; i++) {
             // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first
             // one
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexDeleteTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexDeleteTest.java
index 25086ff..d202e7b 100644
--- a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexDeleteTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexDeleteTest.java
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@
             ITupleReference lowKey, ITupleReference highKey, ITupleReference prefixLowKey, ITupleReference prefixHighKey)
             throws Exception {
         OrderedIndexTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, numKeys, leafType);
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         for (int i = 0; i < numInsertRounds; i++) {
             // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first
             // one to determine which field types to generate.
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexInsertTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexInsertTest.java
index 41191fc..246fbf8 100644
--- a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexInsertTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexInsertTest.java
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
             ITupleReference lowKey, ITupleReference highKey, ITupleReference prefixLowKey, ITupleReference prefixHighKey)
             throws Exception {
         OrderedIndexTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, numKeys, leafType);
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first one
         // to determine which field types to generate.
         if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof IntegerSerializerDeserializer) {
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexUpdateTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexUpdateTest.java
index fbf1011..9134215 100644
--- a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexUpdateTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexUpdateTest.java
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@
             return;
         }
         OrderedIndexTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, numKeys, leafType);
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first one
         // to determine which field types to generate.
         if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof IntegerSerializerDeserializer) {
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexUpsertTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexUpsertTest.java
index 8718758..f992bd8 100644
--- a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexUpsertTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/OrderedIndexUpsertTest.java
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
             ITupleReference lowKey, ITupleReference highKey, ITupleReference prefixLowKey, ITupleReference prefixHighKey)
             throws Exception {
         OrderedIndexTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, numKeys, leafType);
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first one
         // to determine which field types to generate.
         if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof IntegerSerializerDeserializer) {
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/AbstractIndexLifecycleTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/AbstractIndexLifecycleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d9c160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/AbstractIndexLifecycleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.dataflow.IIndex;
+
+public abstract class AbstractIndexLifecycleTest {
+
+    protected IIndex index;
+
+    protected TreeIndexTestUtils titu;
+
+    protected ITreeIndexTestContext<? extends CheckTuple> testCtx;
+
+    protected abstract boolean persistentStateExists() throws Exception;
+
+    protected abstract boolean isEmptyIndex() throws Exception;
+
+    protected abstract Random getRandom();
+
+    @Before
+    public abstract void setup() throws Exception;
+
+    @After
+    public abstract void tearDown() throws Exception;
+
+    @Test
+    public void validSequenceTest() throws Exception {
+        // Double create is valid
+        index.create();
+        Assert.assertTrue(persistentStateExists());
+        index.create();
+        Assert.assertTrue(persistentStateExists());
+
+        // Double open is valid
+        index.open();
+        index.open();
+        Assert.assertTrue(isEmptyIndex());
+
+        // insert some stuff
+        titu.insertIntTuples(testCtx, 10, getRandom());
+
+        index.clear();
+        testCtx.getCheckTuples().clear();
+        Assert.assertTrue(isEmptyIndex());
+
+        // check that the inserted stuff is not there
+        titu.checkScan(testCtx);
+
+        // insert more stuff
+        titu.insertIntTuples(testCtx, 10, getRandom());
+
+        // Double close is valid
+        index.close();
+        index.close();
+
+        // Reopen and reclose is valid
+        index.open();
+
+        // make sure the stuff we inserted is still there
+        titu.checkScan(testCtx);
+
+        index.close();
+
+        // Double destroy is valid
+        index.destroy();
+        Assert.assertFalse(persistentStateExists());
+        index.destroy();
+        Assert.assertFalse(persistentStateExists());
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = HyracksDataException.class)
+    public void invalidSequenceTest1() throws Exception {
+        index.create();
+        index.open();
+        index.create();
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = HyracksDataException.class)
+    public void invalidSequenceTest2() throws Exception {
+        index.create();
+        index.open();
+        index.destroy();
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = HyracksDataException.class)
+    public void invalidSequenceTest3() throws Exception {
+        index.create();
+        index.clear();
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = HyracksDataException.class)
+    public void invalidSequenceTest4() throws Exception {
+        index.clear();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest.java
index 8ed5631..8c45347 100644
--- a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
     public AbstractRTreeBulkLoadTest(int bulkLoadRounds, boolean testRstarPolicy) {
         super(testRstarPolicy);
-    	this.bulkLoadRounds = bulkLoadRounds;
+        this.bulkLoadRounds = bulkLoadRounds;
         this.rTreeTestUtils = new RTreeTestUtils();
     }
 
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@
             IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys, ITupleReference key,
             RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType) throws Exception {
         AbstractRTreeTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, rtreePolicyType);
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         for (int i = 0; i < bulkLoadRounds; i++) {
             // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first
             // one to determine which field types to generate.
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@
             rTreeTestUtils.checkRangeSearch(ctx, key);
         }
         ctx.getIndex().close();
+        ctx.getIndex().destroy();
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeDeleteTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeDeleteTest.java
index 6414a14..9d74657 100644
--- a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeDeleteTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeDeleteTest.java
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@
             IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys, ITupleReference key,
             RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType) throws Exception {
         AbstractRTreeTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, rtreePolicyType);
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         for (int i = 0; i < numInsertRounds; i++) {
             // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first
             // one to determine which field types to generate.
diff --git a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeInsertTest.java b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeInsertTest.java
index 90a85da..c863665 100644
--- a/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeInsertTest.java
+++ b/hyracks-test-support/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeInsertTest.java
@@ -44,6 +44,8 @@
             IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, int numKeys, ITupleReference key,
             RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType) throws Exception {
         AbstractRTreeTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, rtreePolicyType);
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first one
         // to determine which field types to generate.
         if (fieldSerdes[0] instanceof IntegerSerializerDeserializer) {
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/BTreeLifecycleTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/BTreeLifecycleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26c33fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/BTreeLifecycleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.frames.BTreeLeafFrameType;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.BTree;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.util.BTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.util.BTreeTestHarness;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.AbstractIndexLifecycleTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrame;
+
+public class BTreeLifecycleTest extends AbstractIndexLifecycleTest {
+    private final BTreeTestHarness harness = new BTreeTestHarness();
+
+    private final ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = new ISerializerDeserializer[] { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+
+    private ITreeIndexFrame frame = null;
+
+    @Override
+    public void setup() throws Exception {
+        harness.setUp();
+        testCtx = BTreeTestContext.create(harness.getBufferCache(), harness.getFileMapProvider(),
+                harness.getFileReference(), fieldSerdes, fieldSerdes.length, BTreeLeafFrameType.REGULAR_NSM);
+        index = testCtx.getIndex();
+        titu = new OrderedIndexTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
+        testCtx.getIndex().close();
+        testCtx.getIndex().destroy();
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean persistentStateExists() {
+        return harness.getFileReference().getFile().exists();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean isEmptyIndex() throws HyracksDataException {
+        BTree btree = (BTree) testCtx.getIndex();
+        if (frame == null) {
+            frame = btree.getInteriorFrameFactory().createFrame();
+        }
+        return btree.isEmptyTree(frame);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random getRandom() {
+        return harness.getRandom();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/util/BTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/util/BTreeTestContext.java
index 993d33d..a3fead7 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/util/BTreeTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/util/BTreeTestContext.java
@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@
         ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = SerdeUtils.serdesToTypeTraits(fieldSerdes);
         IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = SerdeUtils.serdesToComparatorFactories(fieldSerdes, numKeyFields);
         BTree btree = BTreeUtils.createBTree(bufferCache, fileMapProvider, typeTraits, cmpFactories, leafType, file);
-        btree.create();
-        btree.open();
         BTreeTestContext testCtx = new BTreeTestContext(fieldSerdes, btree);
         return testCtx;
     }
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/util/BTreeTestHarness.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/util/BTreeTestHarness.java
index f1e3e6c..e357bf5 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/util/BTreeTestHarness.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/util/BTreeTestHarness.java
@@ -37,29 +37,19 @@
     private static final long RANDOM_SEED = 50;
 
     protected final int pageSize;
-
     protected final int numPages;
-
     protected final int maxOpenFiles;
-
     protected final int hyracksFrameSize;
 
     protected IHyracksTaskContext ctx;
-
     protected IBufferCache bufferCache;
-
     protected IFileMapProvider fileMapProvider;
-
     protected FileReference file;
 
     protected final Random rnd = new Random();
-
     protected final SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("ddMMyy-hhmmssSS");
-
     protected final String tmpDir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
-
     protected final String sep = System.getProperty("file.separator");
-
     protected String fileName;
 
     public BTreeTestHarness() {
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeLifecycleTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeLifecycleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a18781
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeLifecycleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.btree;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.IODeviceHandle;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.OrderedIndexTestUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.AbstractIndexLifecycleTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.btree.impls.LSMBTree;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.btree.util.LSMBTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.btree.util.LSMBTreeTestHarness;
+
+public class LSMBTreeLifecycleTest extends AbstractIndexLifecycleTest {
+
+    private final ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = new ISerializerDeserializer[] { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+    private final LSMBTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMBTreeTestHarness();
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean persistentStateExists() throws Exception {
+        // make sure all of the directories exist
+        for (IODeviceHandle handle : harness.getIOManager().getIODevices()) {
+            if (!new FileReference(handle, harness.getFileReference().getFile().getPath()).getFile().exists()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean isEmptyIndex() throws Exception {
+        return ((LSMBTree) index).isEmptyIndex();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setup() throws Exception {
+        harness.setUp();
+        testCtx = LSMBTreeTestContext.create(harness.getMemBufferCache(), harness.getMemFreePageManager(),
+                harness.getIOManager(), harness.getFileReference(), harness.getDiskBufferCache(),
+                harness.getDiskFileMapProvider(), fieldSerdes, fieldSerdes.length, harness.getFlushController(),
+                harness.getMergePolicy(), harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler());
+        index = testCtx.getIndex();
+        titu = new OrderedIndexTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        index.close();
+        index.destroy();
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random getRandom() {
+        return harness.getRandom();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeMergeTestDriver.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeMergeTestDriver.java
index 6726418..9a874f3 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeMergeTestDriver.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeMergeTestDriver.java
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@
             ITupleReference lowKey, ITupleReference highKey, ITupleReference prefixLowKey, ITupleReference prefixHighKey)
             throws Exception {
         OrderedIndexTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, numKeys, leafType);
-
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         // Start off with one tree bulk loaded.
         // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first one
         // to determine which field types to generate.
@@ -72,6 +73,8 @@
                 orderedIndexTestUtils.checkRangeSearch(ctx, prefixLowKey, prefixHighKey, true, true);
             }
         }
+        ctx.getIndex().close();
+        ctx.getIndex().destroy();
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeTestContext.java
index a6b6640..c552cd7 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeTestContext.java
@@ -73,8 +73,6 @@
         LSMBTree lsmTree = LSMBTreeUtils.createLSMTree(memBufferCache, memFreePageManager, ioManager, file,
                 diskBufferCache, diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits, cmpFactories, flushController, mergePolicy,
                 opTracker, ioScheduler);
-        lsmTree.create();
-        lsmTree.open();
         LSMBTreeTestContext testCtx = new LSMBTreeTestContext(fieldSerdes, lsmTree);
         return testCtx;
     }
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeLifecycleTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeLifecycleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9208783
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeLifecycleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.rtree;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.IODeviceHandle;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.AbstractIndexLifecycleTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.rtree.impls.LSMRTree;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.rtree.util.LSMRTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.rtree.util.LSMRTreeTestHarness;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.RTreeTestUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreePolicyType;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+
+public class LSMRTreeLifecycleTest extends AbstractIndexLifecycleTest {
+
+    private final ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+    private final IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils
+            .createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(4, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+    private final int numKeys = 4;
+
+    private final LSMRTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMRTreeTestHarness();
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean persistentStateExists() throws Exception {
+        // make sure all of the directories exist
+        for (IODeviceHandle handle : harness.getIOManager().getIODevices()) {
+            if (!new FileReference(handle, harness.getFileReference().getFile().getPath()).getFile().exists()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean isEmptyIndex() throws Exception {
+        return ((LSMRTree) index).isEmptyIndex();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setup() throws Exception {
+        harness.setUp();
+        testCtx = LSMRTreeTestContext.create(harness.getMemBufferCache(), harness.getMemFreePageManager(),
+                harness.getIOManager(), harness.getFileReference(), harness.getDiskBufferCache(),
+                harness.getDiskFileMapProvider(), fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, RTreePolicyType.RTREE,
+                harness.getFlushController(), harness.getMergePolicy(), harness.getOperationTracker(),
+                harness.getIOScheduler());
+        index = testCtx.getIndex();
+        titu = new RTreeTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        index.close();
+        index.destroy();
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random getRandom() {
+        return harness.getRandom();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeMergeTestDriver.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeMergeTestDriver.java
index 25d09bd..f41d4b9 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeMergeTestDriver.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeMergeTestDriver.java
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@
             RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType) throws Exception {
 
         AbstractRTreeTestContext ctx = createTestContext(fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, rtreePolicyType);
-
+        ctx.getIndex().create();
+        ctx.getIndex().open();
         // Start off with one tree bulk loaded.
         // We assume all fieldSerdes are of the same type. Check the first one
         // to determine which field types to generate.
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@
             rTreeTestUtils.checkRangeSearch(ctx, key);
         }
         ctx.getIndex().close();
+        ctx.getIndex().destroy();
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesLifecycleTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesLifecycleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6723f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesLifecycleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.rtree;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.IODeviceHandle;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.AbstractIndexLifecycleTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.rtree.impls.LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuples;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.rtree.util.LSMRTreeTestHarness;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.rtree.util.LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.RTreeTestUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreePolicyType;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+
+public class LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesLifecycleTest extends AbstractIndexLifecycleTest {
+
+    private final ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+    private final IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils
+            .createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(4, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+    private final int numKeys = 4;
+
+    private final LSMRTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMRTreeTestHarness();
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean persistentStateExists() throws Exception {
+        // make sure all of the directories exist
+        for (IODeviceHandle handle : harness.getIOManager().getIODevices()) {
+            if (!new FileReference(handle, harness.getFileReference().getFile().getPath()).getFile().exists()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean isEmptyIndex() throws Exception {
+        return ((LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuples) index).isEmptyIndex();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void setup() throws Exception {
+        harness.setUp();
+        testCtx = LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.create(harness.getMemBufferCache(),
+                harness.getMemFreePageManager(), harness.getIOManager(), harness.getFileReference(),
+                harness.getDiskBufferCache(), harness.getDiskFileMapProvider(), fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories,
+                numKeys, RTreePolicyType.RTREE, harness.getFlushController(), harness.getMergePolicy(),
+                harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler());
+        index = testCtx.getIndex();
+        titu = new RTreeTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        index.close();
+        index.destroy();
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random getRandom() {
+        return harness.getRandom();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeTestContext.java
index 65349a8..c9a0bc8 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeTestContext.java
@@ -81,8 +81,6 @@
         LSMRTree lsmTree = LSMRTreeUtils.createLSMTree(memBufferCache, memFreePageManager, ioManager, file,
                 diskBufferCache, diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories,
                 valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, flushController, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler);
-        lsmTree.create();
-        lsmTree.open();
         LSMRTreeTestContext testCtx = new LSMRTreeTestContext(fieldSerdes, lsmTree);
         return testCtx;
     }
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.java
index cbbe5ed..20d9c83 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.java
@@ -82,8 +82,6 @@
                 memFreePageManager, ioManager, file, diskBufferCache, diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits,
                 rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, flushController,
                 mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler);
-        lsmTree.create();
-        lsmTree.open();
         LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext testCtx = new LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext(fieldSerdes,
                 lsmTree);
         return testCtx;
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeLifecycleTest.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeLifecycleTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f9dacf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeLifecycleTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree;
+
+import java.util.Random;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.dataflow.value.ISerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.AbstractIndexLifecycleTest;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.ITreeIndexFrame;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.frames.RTreePolicyType;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTree;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.util.RTreeUtils;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestContext;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.utils.RTreeTestHarness;
+
+public class RTreeLifecycleTest extends AbstractIndexLifecycleTest {
+    private final RTreeTestHarness harness = new RTreeTestHarness();
+
+    private final ISerializerDeserializer[] fieldSerdes = { IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE,
+            IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE, IntegerSerializerDeserializer.INSTANCE };
+    private final IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories = RTreeUtils
+            .createPrimitiveValueProviderFactories(4, IntegerPointable.FACTORY);
+    private final int numKeys = 4;
+
+    private ITreeIndexFrame frame = null;
+
+    @Override
+    public void setup() throws Exception {
+        harness.setUp();
+        testCtx = RTreeTestContext.create(harness.getBufferCache(), harness.getFileMapProvider(),
+                harness.getFileReference(), fieldSerdes, valueProviderFactories, numKeys, RTreePolicyType.RTREE);
+        index = testCtx.getIndex();
+        titu = new RTreeTestUtils();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void tearDown() throws HyracksDataException {
+        testCtx.getIndex().close();
+        testCtx.getIndex().destroy();
+        harness.tearDown();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean persistentStateExists() {
+        return harness.getFileReference().getFile().exists();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected boolean isEmptyIndex() throws HyracksDataException {
+        RTree rtree = (RTree) testCtx.getIndex();
+        if (frame == null) {
+            frame = rtree.getInteriorFrameFactory().createFrame();
+        }
+        return rtree.isEmptyTree(frame);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected Random getRandom() {
+        return harness.getRandom();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java
index f363cbe..45d7d8c 100644
--- a/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java
@@ -56,8 +56,6 @@
         IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = SerdeUtils.serdesToComparatorFactories(fieldSerdes, numKeyFields);
         RTree rtree = RTreeUtils.createRTree(bufferCache, fileMapProvider, typeTraits, valueProviderFactories,
                 cmpFactories, rtreePolicyType, file);
-        rtree.create();
-        rtree.open();
         RTreeTestContext testCtx = new RTreeTestContext(fieldSerdes, rtree);
         return testCtx;
     }