Merged r459:490 from hyracks_hadoop_compat_changes branch

git-svn-id: https://hyracks.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@491 123451ca-8445-de46-9d55-352943316053
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/.project b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/.project
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e057cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/.project
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<projectDescription>
+	<name>text-example</name>
+	<comment></comment>
+	<projects>
+	</projects>
+	<buildSpec>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.maven.ide.eclipse.maven2Builder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+	</buildSpec>
+	<natures>
+		<nature>org.maven.ide.eclipse.maven2Nature</nature>
+	</natures>
+</projectDescription>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4562b1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#Tue Sep 28 14:37:42 PDT 2010
+activeProfiles=
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+fullBuildGoals=process-test-resources
+includeModules=false
+resolveWorkspaceProjects=true
+resourceFilterGoals=process-resources resources\:testResources
+skipCompilerPlugin=true
+version=1
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.classpath b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.classpath
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2cc5f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.classpath
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<classpath>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" output="target/test-classes" path="src/test/java"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/JavaSE-1.6"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.maven.ide.eclipse.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="output" path="target/classes"/>
+</classpath>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.project b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.project
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f3af14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.project
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<projectDescription>
+	<name>textapp</name>
+	<comment></comment>
+	<projects>
+	</projects>
+	<buildSpec>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.maven.ide.eclipse.maven2Builder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+	</buildSpec>
+	<natures>
+		<nature>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature</nature>
+		<nature>org.maven.ide.eclipse.maven2Nature</nature>
+	</natures>
+</projectDescription>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..692202d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#Thu May 19 22:55:12 PDT 2011
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.inlineJsrBytecode=enabled
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.targetPlatform=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.unusedLocal=preserve
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.compliance=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.lineNumber=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.localVariable=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.sourceFile=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.assertIdentifier=error
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.enumIdentifier=error
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.forbiddenReference=warning
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.source=1.6
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4562b1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#Tue Sep 28 14:37:42 PDT 2010
+activeProfiles=
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+fullBuildGoals=process-test-resources
+includeModules=false
+resolveWorkspaceProjects=true
+resourceFilterGoals=process-resources resources\:testResources
+skipCompilerPlugin=true
+version=1
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/conf/local_cluster.conf b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/conf/local_cluster.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3669616
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/conf/local_cluster.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+clusterControllerHost=localhost
+fs.default.name=file:///
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/data/file1.txt b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/data/file1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4c3130
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/data/file1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13052 @@
+Project Gutenberg's The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by Arthur Conan Doyle

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or

+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

+

+

+Title: The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes

+

+Author: Arthur Conan Doyle

+

+Posting Date: April 18, 2011 [EBook #1661]

+First Posted: November 29, 2002

+

+Language: English

+

+

+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ADVENTURES OF SHERLOCK HOLMES ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by an anonymous Project Gutenberg volunteer and Jose Menendez

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+THE ADVENTURES OF SHERLOCK HOLMES

+

+by

+

+SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE

+

+

+

+   I. A Scandal in Bohemia

+  II. The Red-headed League

+ III. A Case of Identity

+  IV. The Boscombe Valley Mystery

+   V. The Five Orange Pips

+  VI. The Man with the Twisted Lip

+ VII. The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle

+VIII. The Adventure of the Speckled Band

+  IX. The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb

+   X. The Adventure of the Noble Bachelor

+  XI. The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet

+ XII. The Adventure of the Copper Beeches

+

+

+

+

+ADVENTURE I. A SCANDAL IN BOHEMIA

+

+I.

+

+To Sherlock Holmes she is always THE woman. I have seldom heard

+him mention her under any other name. In his eyes she eclipses

+and predominates the whole of her sex. It was not that he felt

+any emotion akin to love for Irene Adler. All emotions, and that

+one particularly, were abhorrent to his cold, precise but

+admirably balanced mind. He was, I take it, the most perfect

+reasoning and observing machine that the world has seen, but as a

+lover he would have placed himself in a false position. He never

+spoke of the softer passions, save with a gibe and a sneer. They

+were admirable things for the observer--excellent for drawing the

+veil from men's motives and actions. But for the trained reasoner

+to admit such intrusions into his own delicate and finely

+adjusted temperament was to introduce a distracting factor which

+might throw a doubt upon all his mental results. Grit in a

+sensitive instrument, or a crack in one of his own high-power

+lenses, would not be more disturbing than a strong emotion in a

+nature such as his. And yet there was but one woman to him, and

+that woman was the late Irene Adler, of dubious and questionable

+memory.

+

+I had seen little of Holmes lately. My marriage had drifted us

+away from each other. My own complete happiness, and the

+home-centred interests which rise up around the man who first

+finds himself master of his own establishment, were sufficient to

+absorb all my attention, while Holmes, who loathed every form of

+society with his whole Bohemian soul, remained in our lodgings in

+Baker Street, buried among his old books, and alternating from

+week to week between cocaine and ambition, the drowsiness of the

+drug, and the fierce energy of his own keen nature. He was still,

+as ever, deeply attracted by the study of crime, and occupied his

+immense faculties and extraordinary powers of observation in

+following out those clues, and clearing up those mysteries which

+had been abandoned as hopeless by the official police. From time

+to time I heard some vague account of his doings: of his summons

+to Odessa in the case of the Trepoff murder, of his clearing up

+of the singular tragedy of the Atkinson brothers at Trincomalee,

+and finally of the mission which he had accomplished so

+delicately and successfully for the reigning family of Holland.

+Beyond these signs of his activity, however, which I merely

+shared with all the readers of the daily press, I knew little of

+my former friend and companion.

+

+One night--it was on the twentieth of March, 1888--I was

+returning from a journey to a patient (for I had now returned to

+civil practice), when my way led me through Baker Street. As I

+passed the well-remembered door, which must always be associated

+in my mind with my wooing, and with the dark incidents of the

+Study in Scarlet, I was seized with a keen desire to see Holmes

+again, and to know how he was employing his extraordinary powers.

+His rooms were brilliantly lit, and, even as I looked up, I saw

+his tall, spare figure pass twice in a dark silhouette against

+the blind. He was pacing the room swiftly, eagerly, with his head

+sunk upon his chest and his hands clasped behind him. To me, who

+knew his every mood and habit, his attitude and manner told their

+own story. He was at work again. He had risen out of his

+drug-created dreams and was hot upon the scent of some new

+problem. I rang the bell and was shown up to the chamber which

+had formerly been in part my own.

+

+His manner was not effusive. It seldom was; but he was glad, I

+think, to see me. With hardly a word spoken, but with a kindly

+eye, he waved me to an armchair, threw across his case of cigars,

+and indicated a spirit case and a gasogene in the corner. Then he

+stood before the fire and looked me over in his singular

+introspective fashion.

+

+"Wedlock suits you," he remarked. "I think, Watson, that you have

+put on seven and a half pounds since I saw you."

+

+"Seven!" I answered.

+

+"Indeed, I should have thought a little more. Just a trifle more,

+I fancy, Watson. And in practice again, I observe. You did not

+tell me that you intended to go into harness."

+

+"Then, how do you know?"

+

+"I see it, I deduce it. How do I know that you have been getting

+yourself very wet lately, and that you have a most clumsy and

+careless servant girl?"

+

+"My dear Holmes," said I, "this is too much. You would certainly

+have been burned, had you lived a few centuries ago. It is true

+that I had a country walk on Thursday and came home in a dreadful

+mess, but as I have changed my clothes I can't imagine how you

+deduce it. As to Mary Jane, she is incorrigible, and my wife has

+given her notice, but there, again, I fail to see how you work it

+out."

+

+He chuckled to himself and rubbed his long, nervous hands

+together.

+

+"It is simplicity itself," said he; "my eyes tell me that on the

+inside of your left shoe, just where the firelight strikes it,

+the leather is scored by six almost parallel cuts. Obviously they

+have been caused by someone who has very carelessly scraped round

+the edges of the sole in order to remove crusted mud from it.

+Hence, you see, my double deduction that you had been out in vile

+weather, and that you had a particularly malignant boot-slitting

+specimen of the London slavey. As to your practice, if a

+gentleman walks into my rooms smelling of iodoform, with a black

+mark of nitrate of silver upon his right forefinger, and a bulge

+on the right side of his top-hat to show where he has secreted

+his stethoscope, I must be dull, indeed, if I do not pronounce

+him to be an active member of the medical profession."

+

+I could not help laughing at the ease with which he explained his

+process of deduction. "When I hear you give your reasons," I

+remarked, "the thing always appears to me to be so ridiculously

+simple that I could easily do it myself, though at each

+successive instance of your reasoning I am baffled until you

+explain your process. And yet I believe that my eyes are as good

+as yours."

+

+"Quite so," he answered, lighting a cigarette, and throwing

+himself down into an armchair. "You see, but you do not observe.

+The distinction is clear. For example, you have frequently seen

+the steps which lead up from the hall to this room."

+

+"Frequently."

+

+"How often?"

+

+"Well, some hundreds of times."

+

+"Then how many are there?"

+

+"How many? I don't know."

+

+"Quite so! You have not observed. And yet you have seen. That is

+just my point. Now, I know that there are seventeen steps,

+because I have both seen and observed. By-the-way, since you are

+interested in these little problems, and since you are good

+enough to chronicle one or two of my trifling experiences, you

+may be interested in this." He threw over a sheet of thick,

+pink-tinted note-paper which had been lying open upon the table.

+"It came by the last post," said he. "Read it aloud."

+

+The note was undated, and without either signature or address.

+

+"There will call upon you to-night, at a quarter to eight

+o'clock," it said, "a gentleman who desires to consult you upon a

+matter of the very deepest moment. Your recent services to one of

+the royal houses of Europe have shown that you are one who may

+safely be trusted with matters which are of an importance which

+can hardly be exaggerated. This account of you we have from all

+quarters received. Be in your chamber then at that hour, and do

+not take it amiss if your visitor wear a mask."

+

+"This is indeed a mystery," I remarked. "What do you imagine that

+it means?"

+

+"I have no data yet. It is a capital mistake to theorize before

+one has data. Insensibly one begins to twist facts to suit

+theories, instead of theories to suit facts. But the note itself.

+What do you deduce from it?"

+

+I carefully examined the writing, and the paper upon which it was

+written.

+

+"The man who wrote it was presumably well to do," I remarked,

+endeavouring to imitate my companion's processes. "Such paper

+could not be bought under half a crown a packet. It is peculiarly

+strong and stiff."

+

+"Peculiar--that is the very word," said Holmes. "It is not an

+English paper at all. Hold it up to the light."

+

+I did so, and saw a large "E" with a small "g," a "P," and a

+large "G" with a small "t" woven into the texture of the paper.

+

+"What do you make of that?" asked Holmes.

+

+"The name of the maker, no doubt; or his monogram, rather."

+

+"Not at all. The 'G' with the small 't' stands for

+'Gesellschaft,' which is the German for 'Company.' It is a

+customary contraction like our 'Co.' 'P,' of course, stands for

+'Papier.' Now for the 'Eg.' Let us glance at our Continental

+Gazetteer." He took down a heavy brown volume from his shelves.

+"Eglow, Eglonitz--here we are, Egria. It is in a German-speaking

+country--in Bohemia, not far from Carlsbad. 'Remarkable as being

+the scene of the death of Wallenstein, and for its numerous

+glass-factories and paper-mills.' Ha, ha, my boy, what do you

+make of that?" His eyes sparkled, and he sent up a great blue

+triumphant cloud from his cigarette.

+

+"The paper was made in Bohemia," I said.

+

+"Precisely. And the man who wrote the note is a German. Do you

+note the peculiar construction of the sentence--'This account of

+you we have from all quarters received.' A Frenchman or Russian

+could not have written that. It is the German who is so

+uncourteous to his verbs. It only remains, therefore, to discover

+what is wanted by this German who writes upon Bohemian paper and

+prefers wearing a mask to showing his face. And here he comes, if

+I am not mistaken, to resolve all our doubts."

+

+As he spoke there was the sharp sound of horses' hoofs and

+grating wheels against the curb, followed by a sharp pull at the

+bell. Holmes whistled.

+

+"A pair, by the sound," said he. "Yes," he continued, glancing

+out of the window. "A nice little brougham and a pair of

+beauties. A hundred and fifty guineas apiece. There's money in

+this case, Watson, if there is nothing else."

+

+"I think that I had better go, Holmes."

+

+"Not a bit, Doctor. Stay where you are. I am lost without my

+Boswell. And this promises to be interesting. It would be a pity

+to miss it."

+

+"But your client--"

+

+"Never mind him. I may want your help, and so may he. Here he

+comes. Sit down in that armchair, Doctor, and give us your best

+attention."

+

+A slow and heavy step, which had been heard upon the stairs and

+in the passage, paused immediately outside the door. Then there

+was a loud and authoritative tap.

+

+"Come in!" said Holmes.

+

+A man entered who could hardly have been less than six feet six

+inches in height, with the chest and limbs of a Hercules. His

+dress was rich with a richness which would, in England, be looked

+upon as akin to bad taste. Heavy bands of astrakhan were slashed

+across the sleeves and fronts of his double-breasted coat, while

+the deep blue cloak which was thrown over his shoulders was lined

+with flame-coloured silk and secured at the neck with a brooch

+which consisted of a single flaming beryl. Boots which extended

+halfway up his calves, and which were trimmed at the tops with

+rich brown fur, completed the impression of barbaric opulence

+which was suggested by his whole appearance. He carried a

+broad-brimmed hat in his hand, while he wore across the upper

+part of his face, extending down past the cheekbones, a black

+vizard mask, which he had apparently adjusted that very moment,

+for his hand was still raised to it as he entered. From the lower

+part of the face he appeared to be a man of strong character,

+with a thick, hanging lip, and a long, straight chin suggestive

+of resolution pushed to the length of obstinacy.

+

+"You had my note?" he asked with a deep harsh voice and a

+strongly marked German accent. "I told you that I would call." He

+looked from one to the other of us, as if uncertain which to

+address.

+

+"Pray take a seat," said Holmes. "This is my friend and

+colleague, Dr. Watson, who is occasionally good enough to help me

+in my cases. Whom have I the honour to address?"

+

+"You may address me as the Count Von Kramm, a Bohemian nobleman.

+I understand that this gentleman, your friend, is a man of honour

+and discretion, whom I may trust with a matter of the most

+extreme importance. If not, I should much prefer to communicate

+with you alone."

+

+I rose to go, but Holmes caught me by the wrist and pushed me

+back into my chair. "It is both, or none," said he. "You may say

+before this gentleman anything which you may say to me."

+

+The Count shrugged his broad shoulders. "Then I must begin," said

+he, "by binding you both to absolute secrecy for two years; at

+the end of that time the matter will be of no importance. At

+present it is not too much to say that it is of such weight it

+may have an influence upon European history."

+

+"I promise," said Holmes.

+

+"And I."

+

+"You will excuse this mask," continued our strange visitor. "The

+august person who employs me wishes his agent to be unknown to

+you, and I may confess at once that the title by which I have

+just called myself is not exactly my own."

+

+"I was aware of it," said Holmes dryly.

+

+"The circumstances are of great delicacy, and every precaution

+has to be taken to quench what might grow to be an immense

+scandal and seriously compromise one of the reigning families of

+Europe. To speak plainly, the matter implicates the great House

+of Ormstein, hereditary kings of Bohemia."

+

+"I was also aware of that," murmured Holmes, settling himself

+down in his armchair and closing his eyes.

+

+Our visitor glanced with some apparent surprise at the languid,

+lounging figure of the man who had been no doubt depicted to him

+as the most incisive reasoner and most energetic agent in Europe.

+Holmes slowly reopened his eyes and looked impatiently at his

+gigantic client.

+

+"If your Majesty would condescend to state your case," he

+remarked, "I should be better able to advise you."

+

+The man sprang from his chair and paced up and down the room in

+uncontrollable agitation. Then, with a gesture of desperation, he

+tore the mask from his face and hurled it upon the ground. "You

+are right," he cried; "I am the King. Why should I attempt to

+conceal it?"

+

+"Why, indeed?" murmured Holmes. "Your Majesty had not spoken

+before I was aware that I was addressing Wilhelm Gottsreich

+Sigismond von Ormstein, Grand Duke of Cassel-Felstein, and

+hereditary King of Bohemia."

+

+"But you can understand," said our strange visitor, sitting down

+once more and passing his hand over his high white forehead, "you

+can understand that I am not accustomed to doing such business in

+my own person. Yet the matter was so delicate that I could not

+confide it to an agent without putting myself in his power. I

+have come incognito from Prague for the purpose of consulting

+you."

+

+"Then, pray consult," said Holmes, shutting his eyes once more.

+

+"The facts are briefly these: Some five years ago, during a

+lengthy visit to Warsaw, I made the acquaintance of the well-known

+adventuress, Irene Adler. The name is no doubt familiar to you."

+

+"Kindly look her up in my index, Doctor," murmured Holmes without

+opening his eyes. For many years he had adopted a system of

+docketing all paragraphs concerning men and things, so that it

+was difficult to name a subject or a person on which he could not

+at once furnish information. In this case I found her biography

+sandwiched in between that of a Hebrew rabbi and that of a

+staff-commander who had written a monograph upon the deep-sea

+fishes.

+

+"Let me see!" said Holmes. "Hum! Born in New Jersey in the year

+1858. Contralto--hum! La Scala, hum! Prima donna Imperial Opera

+of Warsaw--yes! Retired from operatic stage--ha! Living in

+London--quite so! Your Majesty, as I understand, became entangled

+with this young person, wrote her some compromising letters, and

+is now desirous of getting those letters back."

+

+"Precisely so. But how--"

+

+"Was there a secret marriage?"

+

+"None."

+

+"No legal papers or certificates?"

+

+"None."

+

+"Then I fail to follow your Majesty. If this young person should

+produce her letters for blackmailing or other purposes, how is

+she to prove their authenticity?"

+

+"There is the writing."

+

+"Pooh, pooh! Forgery."

+

+"My private note-paper."

+

+"Stolen."

+

+"My own seal."

+

+"Imitated."

+

+"My photograph."

+

+"Bought."

+

+"We were both in the photograph."

+

+"Oh, dear! That is very bad! Your Majesty has indeed committed an

+indiscretion."

+

+"I was mad--insane."

+

+"You have compromised yourself seriously."

+

+"I was only Crown Prince then. I was young. I am but thirty now."

+

+"It must be recovered."

+

+"We have tried and failed."

+

+"Your Majesty must pay. It must be bought."

+

+"She will not sell."

+

+"Stolen, then."

+

+"Five attempts have been made. Twice burglars in my pay ransacked

+her house. Once we diverted her luggage when she travelled. Twice

+she has been waylaid. There has been no result."

+

+"No sign of it?"

+

+"Absolutely none."

+

+Holmes laughed. "It is quite a pretty little problem," said he.

+

+"But a very serious one to me," returned the King reproachfully.

+

+"Very, indeed. And what does she propose to do with the

+photograph?"

+

+"To ruin me."

+

+"But how?"

+

+"I am about to be married."

+

+"So I have heard."

+

+"To Clotilde Lothman von Saxe-Meningen, second daughter of the

+King of Scandinavia. You may know the strict principles of her

+family. She is herself the very soul of delicacy. A shadow of a

+doubt as to my conduct would bring the matter to an end."

+

+"And Irene Adler?"

+

+"Threatens to send them the photograph. And she will do it. I

+know that she will do it. You do not know her, but she has a soul

+of steel. She has the face of the most beautiful of women, and

+the mind of the most resolute of men. Rather than I should marry

+another woman, there are no lengths to which she would not

+go--none."

+

+"You are sure that she has not sent it yet?"

+

+"I am sure."

+

+"And why?"

+

+"Because she has said that she would send it on the day when the

+betrothal was publicly proclaimed. That will be next Monday."

+

+"Oh, then we have three days yet," said Holmes with a yawn. "That

+is very fortunate, as I have one or two matters of importance to

+look into just at present. Your Majesty will, of course, stay in

+London for the present?"

+

+"Certainly. You will find me at the Langham under the name of the

+Count Von Kramm."

+

+"Then I shall drop you a line to let you know how we progress."

+

+"Pray do so. I shall be all anxiety."

+

+"Then, as to money?"

+

+"You have carte blanche."

+

+"Absolutely?"

+

+"I tell you that I would give one of the provinces of my kingdom

+to have that photograph."

+

+"And for present expenses?"

+

+The King took a heavy chamois leather bag from under his cloak

+and laid it on the table.

+

+"There are three hundred pounds in gold and seven hundred in

+notes," he said.

+

+Holmes scribbled a receipt upon a sheet of his note-book and

+handed it to him.

+

+"And Mademoiselle's address?" he asked.

+

+"Is Briony Lodge, Serpentine Avenue, St. John's Wood."

+

+Holmes took a note of it. "One other question," said he. "Was the

+photograph a cabinet?"

+

+"It was."

+

+"Then, good-night, your Majesty, and I trust that we shall soon

+have some good news for you. And good-night, Watson," he added,

+as the wheels of the royal brougham rolled down the street. "If

+you will be good enough to call to-morrow afternoon at three

+o'clock I should like to chat this little matter over with you."

+

+

+II.

+

+At three o'clock precisely I was at Baker Street, but Holmes had

+not yet returned. The landlady informed me that he had left the

+house shortly after eight o'clock in the morning. I sat down

+beside the fire, however, with the intention of awaiting him,

+however long he might be. I was already deeply interested in his

+inquiry, for, though it was surrounded by none of the grim and

+strange features which were associated with the two crimes which

+I have already recorded, still, the nature of the case and the

+exalted station of his client gave it a character of its own.

+Indeed, apart from the nature of the investigation which my

+friend had on hand, there was something in his masterly grasp of

+a situation, and his keen, incisive reasoning, which made it a

+pleasure to me to study his system of work, and to follow the

+quick, subtle methods by which he disentangled the most

+inextricable mysteries. So accustomed was I to his invariable

+success that the very possibility of his failing had ceased to

+enter into my head.

+

+It was close upon four before the door opened, and a

+drunken-looking groom, ill-kempt and side-whiskered, with an

+inflamed face and disreputable clothes, walked into the room.

+Accustomed as I was to my friend's amazing powers in the use of

+disguises, I had to look three times before I was certain that it

+was indeed he. With a nod he vanished into the bedroom, whence he

+emerged in five minutes tweed-suited and respectable, as of old.

+Putting his hands into his pockets, he stretched out his legs in

+front of the fire and laughed heartily for some minutes.

+

+"Well, really!" he cried, and then he choked and laughed again

+until he was obliged to lie back, limp and helpless, in the

+chair.

+

+"What is it?"

+

+"It's quite too funny. I am sure you could never guess how I

+employed my morning, or what I ended by doing."

+

+"I can't imagine. I suppose that you have been watching the

+habits, and perhaps the house, of Miss Irene Adler."

+

+"Quite so; but the sequel was rather unusual. I will tell you,

+however. I left the house a little after eight o'clock this

+morning in the character of a groom out of work. There is a

+wonderful sympathy and freemasonry among horsey men. Be one of

+them, and you will know all that there is to know. I soon found

+Briony Lodge. It is a bijou villa, with a garden at the back, but

+built out in front right up to the road, two stories. Chubb lock

+to the door. Large sitting-room on the right side, well

+furnished, with long windows almost to the floor, and those

+preposterous English window fasteners which a child could open.

+Behind there was nothing remarkable, save that the passage window

+could be reached from the top of the coach-house. I walked round

+it and examined it closely from every point of view, but without

+noting anything else of interest.

+

+"I then lounged down the street and found, as I expected, that

+there was a mews in a lane which runs down by one wall of the

+garden. I lent the ostlers a hand in rubbing down their horses,

+and received in exchange twopence, a glass of half and half, two

+fills of shag tobacco, and as much information as I could desire

+about Miss Adler, to say nothing of half a dozen other people in

+the neighbourhood in whom I was not in the least interested, but

+whose biographies I was compelled to listen to."

+

+"And what of Irene Adler?" I asked.

+

+"Oh, she has turned all the men's heads down in that part. She is

+the daintiest thing under a bonnet on this planet. So say the

+Serpentine-mews, to a man. She lives quietly, sings at concerts,

+drives out at five every day, and returns at seven sharp for

+dinner. Seldom goes out at other times, except when she sings.

+Has only one male visitor, but a good deal of him. He is dark,

+handsome, and dashing, never calls less than once a day, and

+often twice. He is a Mr. Godfrey Norton, of the Inner Temple. See

+the advantages of a cabman as a confidant. They had driven him

+home a dozen times from Serpentine-mews, and knew all about him.

+When I had listened to all they had to tell, I began to walk up

+and down near Briony Lodge once more, and to think over my plan

+of campaign.

+

+"This Godfrey Norton was evidently an important factor in the

+matter. He was a lawyer. That sounded ominous. What was the

+relation between them, and what the object of his repeated

+visits? Was she his client, his friend, or his mistress? If the

+former, she had probably transferred the photograph to his

+keeping. If the latter, it was less likely. On the issue of this

+question depended whether I should continue my work at Briony

+Lodge, or turn my attention to the gentleman's chambers in the

+Temple. It was a delicate point, and it widened the field of my

+inquiry. I fear that I bore you with these details, but I have to

+let you see my little difficulties, if you are to understand the

+situation."

+

+"I am following you closely," I answered.

+

+"I was still balancing the matter in my mind when a hansom cab

+drove up to Briony Lodge, and a gentleman sprang out. He was a

+remarkably handsome man, dark, aquiline, and moustached--evidently

+the man of whom I had heard. He appeared to be in a

+great hurry, shouted to the cabman to wait, and brushed past the

+maid who opened the door with the air of a man who was thoroughly

+at home.

+

+"He was in the house about half an hour, and I could catch

+glimpses of him in the windows of the sitting-room, pacing up and

+down, talking excitedly, and waving his arms. Of her I could see

+nothing. Presently he emerged, looking even more flurried than

+before. As he stepped up to the cab, he pulled a gold watch from

+his pocket and looked at it earnestly, 'Drive like the devil,' he

+shouted, 'first to Gross & Hankey's in Regent Street, and then to

+the Church of St. Monica in the Edgeware Road. Half a guinea if

+you do it in twenty minutes!'

+

+"Away they went, and I was just wondering whether I should not do

+well to follow them when up the lane came a neat little landau,

+the coachman with his coat only half-buttoned, and his tie under

+his ear, while all the tags of his harness were sticking out of

+the buckles. It hadn't pulled up before she shot out of the hall

+door and into it. I only caught a glimpse of her at the moment,

+but she was a lovely woman, with a face that a man might die for.

+

+"'The Church of St. Monica, John,' she cried, 'and half a

+sovereign if you reach it in twenty minutes.'

+

+"This was quite too good to lose, Watson. I was just balancing

+whether I should run for it, or whether I should perch behind her

+landau when a cab came through the street. The driver looked

+twice at such a shabby fare, but I jumped in before he could

+object. 'The Church of St. Monica,' said I, 'and half a sovereign

+if you reach it in twenty minutes.' It was twenty-five minutes to

+twelve, and of course it was clear enough what was in the wind.

+

+"My cabby drove fast. I don't think I ever drove faster, but the

+others were there before us. The cab and the landau with their

+steaming horses were in front of the door when I arrived. I paid

+the man and hurried into the church. There was not a soul there

+save the two whom I had followed and a surpliced clergyman, who

+seemed to be expostulating with them. They were all three

+standing in a knot in front of the altar. I lounged up the side

+aisle like any other idler who has dropped into a church.

+Suddenly, to my surprise, the three at the altar faced round to

+me, and Godfrey Norton came running as hard as he could towards

+me.

+

+"'Thank God,' he cried. 'You'll do. Come! Come!'

+

+"'What then?' I asked.

+

+"'Come, man, come, only three minutes, or it won't be legal.'

+

+"I was half-dragged up to the altar, and before I knew where I was

+I found myself mumbling responses which were whispered in my ear,

+and vouching for things of which I knew nothing, and generally

+assisting in the secure tying up of Irene Adler, spinster, to

+Godfrey Norton, bachelor. It was all done in an instant, and

+there was the gentleman thanking me on the one side and the lady

+on the other, while the clergyman beamed on me in front. It was

+the most preposterous position in which I ever found myself in my

+life, and it was the thought of it that started me laughing just

+now. It seems that there had been some informality about their

+license, that the clergyman absolutely refused to marry them

+without a witness of some sort, and that my lucky appearance

+saved the bridegroom from having to sally out into the streets in

+search of a best man. The bride gave me a sovereign, and I mean

+to wear it on my watch-chain in memory of the occasion."

+

+"This is a very unexpected turn of affairs," said I; "and what

+then?"

+

+"Well, I found my plans very seriously menaced. It looked as if

+the pair might take an immediate departure, and so necessitate

+very prompt and energetic measures on my part. At the church

+door, however, they separated, he driving back to the Temple, and

+she to her own house. 'I shall drive out in the park at five as

+usual,' she said as she left him. I heard no more. They drove

+away in different directions, and I went off to make my own

+arrangements."

+

+"Which are?"

+

+"Some cold beef and a glass of beer," he answered, ringing the

+bell. "I have been too busy to think of food, and I am likely to

+be busier still this evening. By the way, Doctor, I shall want

+your co-operation."

+

+"I shall be delighted."

+

+"You don't mind breaking the law?"

+

+"Not in the least."

+

+"Nor running a chance of arrest?"

+

+"Not in a good cause."

+

+"Oh, the cause is excellent!"

+

+"Then I am your man."

+

+"I was sure that I might rely on you."

+

+"But what is it you wish?"

+

+"When Mrs. Turner has brought in the tray I will make it clear to

+you. Now," he said as he turned hungrily on the simple fare that

+our landlady had provided, "I must discuss it while I eat, for I

+have not much time. It is nearly five now. In two hours we must

+be on the scene of action. Miss Irene, or Madame, rather, returns

+from her drive at seven. We must be at Briony Lodge to meet her."

+

+"And what then?"

+

+"You must leave that to me. I have already arranged what is to

+occur. There is only one point on which I must insist. You must

+not interfere, come what may. You understand?"

+

+"I am to be neutral?"

+

+"To do nothing whatever. There will probably be some small

+unpleasantness. Do not join in it. It will end in my being

+conveyed into the house. Four or five minutes afterwards the

+sitting-room window will open. You are to station yourself close

+to that open window."

+

+"Yes."

+

+"You are to watch me, for I will be visible to you."

+

+"Yes."

+

+"And when I raise my hand--so--you will throw into the room what

+I give you to throw, and will, at the same time, raise the cry of

+fire. You quite follow me?"

+

+"Entirely."

+

+"It is nothing very formidable," he said, taking a long cigar-shaped

+roll from his pocket. "It is an ordinary plumber's smoke-rocket,

+fitted with a cap at either end to make it self-lighting.

+Your task is confined to that. When you raise your cry of fire,

+it will be taken up by quite a number of people. You may then

+walk to the end of the street, and I will rejoin you in ten

+minutes. I hope that I have made myself clear?"

+

+"I am to remain neutral, to get near the window, to watch you,

+and at the signal to throw in this object, then to raise the cry

+of fire, and to wait you at the corner of the street."

+

+"Precisely."

+

+"Then you may entirely rely on me."

+

+"That is excellent. I think, perhaps, it is almost time that I

+prepare for the new role I have to play."

+

+He disappeared into his bedroom and returned in a few minutes in

+the character of an amiable and simple-minded Nonconformist

+clergyman. His broad black hat, his baggy trousers, his white

+tie, his sympathetic smile, and general look of peering and

+benevolent curiosity were such as Mr. John Hare alone could have

+equalled. It was not merely that Holmes changed his costume. His

+expression, his manner, his very soul seemed to vary with every

+fresh part that he assumed. The stage lost a fine actor, even as

+science lost an acute reasoner, when he became a specialist in

+crime.

+

+It was a quarter past six when we left Baker Street, and it still

+wanted ten minutes to the hour when we found ourselves in

+Serpentine Avenue. It was already dusk, and the lamps were just

+being lighted as we paced up and down in front of Briony Lodge,

+waiting for the coming of its occupant. The house was just such

+as I had pictured it from Sherlock Holmes' succinct description,

+but the locality appeared to be less private than I expected. On

+the contrary, for a small street in a quiet neighbourhood, it was

+remarkably animated. There was a group of shabbily dressed men

+smoking and laughing in a corner, a scissors-grinder with his

+wheel, two guardsmen who were flirting with a nurse-girl, and

+several well-dressed young men who were lounging up and down with

+cigars in their mouths.

+

+"You see," remarked Holmes, as we paced to and fro in front of

+the house, "this marriage rather simplifies matters. The

+photograph becomes a double-edged weapon now. The chances are

+that she would be as averse to its being seen by Mr. Godfrey

+Norton, as our client is to its coming to the eyes of his

+princess. Now the question is, Where are we to find the

+photograph?"

+

+"Where, indeed?"

+

+"It is most unlikely that she carries it about with her. It is

+cabinet size. Too large for easy concealment about a woman's

+dress. She knows that the King is capable of having her waylaid

+and searched. Two attempts of the sort have already been made. We

+may take it, then, that she does not carry it about with her."

+

+"Where, then?"

+

+"Her banker or her lawyer. There is that double possibility. But

+I am inclined to think neither. Women are naturally secretive,

+and they like to do their own secreting. Why should she hand it

+over to anyone else? She could trust her own guardianship, but

+she could not tell what indirect or political influence might be

+brought to bear upon a business man. Besides, remember that she

+had resolved to use it within a few days. It must be where she

+can lay her hands upon it. It must be in her own house."

+

+"But it has twice been burgled."

+

+"Pshaw! They did not know how to look."

+

+"But how will you look?"

+

+"I will not look."

+

+"What then?"

+

+"I will get her to show me."

+

+"But she will refuse."

+

+"She will not be able to. But I hear the rumble of wheels. It is

+her carriage. Now carry out my orders to the letter."

+

+As he spoke the gleam of the side-lights of a carriage came round

+the curve of the avenue. It was a smart little landau which

+rattled up to the door of Briony Lodge. As it pulled up, one of

+the loafing men at the corner dashed forward to open the door in

+the hope of earning a copper, but was elbowed away by another

+loafer, who had rushed up with the same intention. A fierce

+quarrel broke out, which was increased by the two guardsmen, who

+took sides with one of the loungers, and by the scissors-grinder,

+who was equally hot upon the other side. A blow was struck, and

+in an instant the lady, who had stepped from her carriage, was

+the centre of a little knot of flushed and struggling men, who

+struck savagely at each other with their fists and sticks. Holmes

+dashed into the crowd to protect the lady; but just as he reached

+her he gave a cry and dropped to the ground, with the blood

+running freely down his face. At his fall the guardsmen took to

+their heels in one direction and the loungers in the other, while

+a number of better-dressed people, who had watched the scuffle

+without taking part in it, crowded in to help the lady and to

+attend to the injured man. Irene Adler, as I will still call her,

+had hurried up the steps; but she stood at the top with her

+superb figure outlined against the lights of the hall, looking

+back into the street.

+

+"Is the poor gentleman much hurt?" she asked.

+

+"He is dead," cried several voices.

+

+"No, no, there's life in him!" shouted another. "But he'll be

+gone before you can get him to hospital."

+

+"He's a brave fellow," said a woman. "They would have had the

+lady's purse and watch if it hadn't been for him. They were a

+gang, and a rough one, too. Ah, he's breathing now."

+

+"He can't lie in the street. May we bring him in, marm?"

+

+"Surely. Bring him into the sitting-room. There is a comfortable

+sofa. This way, please!"

+

+Slowly and solemnly he was borne into Briony Lodge and laid out

+in the principal room, while I still observed the proceedings

+from my post by the window. The lamps had been lit, but the

+blinds had not been drawn, so that I could see Holmes as he lay

+upon the couch. I do not know whether he was seized with

+compunction at that moment for the part he was playing, but I

+know that I never felt more heartily ashamed of myself in my life

+than when I saw the beautiful creature against whom I was

+conspiring, or the grace and kindliness with which she waited

+upon the injured man. And yet it would be the blackest treachery

+to Holmes to draw back now from the part which he had intrusted

+to me. I hardened my heart, and took the smoke-rocket from under

+my ulster. After all, I thought, we are not injuring her. We are

+but preventing her from injuring another.

+

+Holmes had sat up upon the couch, and I saw him motion like a man

+who is in need of air. A maid rushed across and threw open the

+window. At the same instant I saw him raise his hand and at the

+signal I tossed my rocket into the room with a cry of "Fire!" The

+word was no sooner out of my mouth than the whole crowd of

+spectators, well dressed and ill--gentlemen, ostlers, and

+servant-maids--joined in a general shriek of "Fire!" Thick clouds

+of smoke curled through the room and out at the open window. I

+caught a glimpse of rushing figures, and a moment later the voice

+of Holmes from within assuring them that it was a false alarm.

+Slipping through the shouting crowd I made my way to the corner

+of the street, and in ten minutes was rejoiced to find my

+friend's arm in mine, and to get away from the scene of uproar.

+He walked swiftly and in silence for some few minutes until we

+had turned down one of the quiet streets which lead towards the

+Edgeware Road.

+

+"You did it very nicely, Doctor," he remarked. "Nothing could

+have been better. It is all right."

+

+"You have the photograph?"

+

+"I know where it is."

+

+"And how did you find out?"

+

+"She showed me, as I told you she would."

+

+"I am still in the dark."

+

+"I do not wish to make a mystery," said he, laughing. "The matter

+was perfectly simple. You, of course, saw that everyone in the

+street was an accomplice. They were all engaged for the evening."

+

+"I guessed as much."

+

+"Then, when the row broke out, I had a little moist red paint in

+the palm of my hand. I rushed forward, fell down, clapped my hand

+to my face, and became a piteous spectacle. It is an old trick."

+

+"That also I could fathom."

+

+"Then they carried me in. She was bound to have me in. What else

+could she do? And into her sitting-room, which was the very room

+which I suspected. It lay between that and her bedroom, and I was

+determined to see which. They laid me on a couch, I motioned for

+air, they were compelled to open the window, and you had your

+chance."

+

+"How did that help you?"

+

+"It was all-important. When a woman thinks that her house is on

+fire, her instinct is at once to rush to the thing which she

+values most. It is a perfectly overpowering impulse, and I have

+more than once taken advantage of it. In the case of the

+Darlington substitution scandal it was of use to me, and also in

+the Arnsworth Castle business. A married woman grabs at her baby;

+an unmarried one reaches for her jewel-box. Now it was clear to

+me that our lady of to-day had nothing in the house more precious

+to her than what we are in quest of. She would rush to secure it.

+The alarm of fire was admirably done. The smoke and shouting were

+enough to shake nerves of steel. She responded beautifully. The

+photograph is in a recess behind a sliding panel just above the

+right bell-pull. She was there in an instant, and I caught a

+glimpse of it as she half-drew it out. When I cried out that it

+was a false alarm, she replaced it, glanced at the rocket, rushed

+from the room, and I have not seen her since. I rose, and, making

+my excuses, escaped from the house. I hesitated whether to

+attempt to secure the photograph at once; but the coachman had

+come in, and as he was watching me narrowly it seemed safer to

+wait. A little over-precipitance may ruin all."

+

+"And now?" I asked.

+

+"Our quest is practically finished. I shall call with the King

+to-morrow, and with you, if you care to come with us. We will be

+shown into the sitting-room to wait for the lady, but it is

+probable that when she comes she may find neither us nor the

+photograph. It might be a satisfaction to his Majesty to regain

+it with his own hands."

+

+"And when will you call?"

+

+"At eight in the morning. She will not be up, so that we shall

+have a clear field. Besides, we must be prompt, for this marriage

+may mean a complete change in her life and habits. I must wire to

+the King without delay."

+

+We had reached Baker Street and had stopped at the door. He was

+searching his pockets for the key when someone passing said:

+

+"Good-night, Mister Sherlock Holmes."

+

+There were several people on the pavement at the time, but the

+greeting appeared to come from a slim youth in an ulster who had

+hurried by.

+

+"I've heard that voice before," said Holmes, staring down the

+dimly lit street. "Now, I wonder who the deuce that could have

+been."

+

+

+III.

+

+I slept at Baker Street that night, and we were engaged upon our

+toast and coffee in the morning when the King of Bohemia rushed

+into the room.

+

+"You have really got it!" he cried, grasping Sherlock Holmes by

+either shoulder and looking eagerly into his face.

+

+"Not yet."

+

+"But you have hopes?"

+

+"I have hopes."

+

+"Then, come. I am all impatience to be gone."

+

+"We must have a cab."

+

+"No, my brougham is waiting."

+

+"Then that will simplify matters." We descended and started off

+once more for Briony Lodge.

+

+"Irene Adler is married," remarked Holmes.

+

+"Married! When?"

+

+"Yesterday."

+

+"But to whom?"

+

+"To an English lawyer named Norton."

+

+"But she could not love him."

+

+"I am in hopes that she does."

+

+"And why in hopes?"

+

+"Because it would spare your Majesty all fear of future

+annoyance. If the lady loves her husband, she does not love your

+Majesty. If she does not love your Majesty, there is no reason

+why she should interfere with your Majesty's plan."

+

+"It is true. And yet--Well! I wish she had been of my own

+station! What a queen she would have made!" He relapsed into a

+moody silence, which was not broken until we drew up in

+Serpentine Avenue.

+

+The door of Briony Lodge was open, and an elderly woman stood

+upon the steps. She watched us with a sardonic eye as we stepped

+from the brougham.

+

+"Mr. Sherlock Holmes, I believe?" said she.

+

+"I am Mr. Holmes," answered my companion, looking at her with a

+questioning and rather startled gaze.

+

+"Indeed! My mistress told me that you were likely to call. She

+left this morning with her husband by the 5:15 train from Charing

+Cross for the Continent."

+

+"What!" Sherlock Holmes staggered back, white with chagrin and

+surprise. "Do you mean that she has left England?"

+

+"Never to return."

+

+"And the papers?" asked the King hoarsely. "All is lost."

+

+"We shall see." He pushed past the servant and rushed into the

+drawing-room, followed by the King and myself. The furniture was

+scattered about in every direction, with dismantled shelves and

+open drawers, as if the lady had hurriedly ransacked them before

+her flight. Holmes rushed at the bell-pull, tore back a small

+sliding shutter, and, plunging in his hand, pulled out a

+photograph and a letter. The photograph was of Irene Adler

+herself in evening dress, the letter was superscribed to

+"Sherlock Holmes, Esq. To be left till called for." My friend

+tore it open and we all three read it together. It was dated at

+midnight of the preceding night and ran in this way:

+

+"MY DEAR MR. SHERLOCK HOLMES,--You really did it very well. You

+took me in completely. Until after the alarm of fire, I had not a

+suspicion. But then, when I found how I had betrayed myself, I

+began to think. I had been warned against you months ago. I had

+been told that if the King employed an agent it would certainly

+be you. And your address had been given me. Yet, with all this,

+you made me reveal what you wanted to know. Even after I became

+suspicious, I found it hard to think evil of such a dear, kind

+old clergyman. But, you know, I have been trained as an actress

+myself. Male costume is nothing new to me. I often take advantage

+of the freedom which it gives. I sent John, the coachman, to

+watch you, ran up stairs, got into my walking-clothes, as I call

+them, and came down just as you departed.

+

+"Well, I followed you to your door, and so made sure that I was

+really an object of interest to the celebrated Mr. Sherlock

+Holmes. Then I, rather imprudently, wished you good-night, and

+started for the Temple to see my husband.

+

+"We both thought the best resource was flight, when pursued by

+so formidable an antagonist; so you will find the nest empty when

+you call to-morrow. As to the photograph, your client may rest in

+peace. I love and am loved by a better man than he. The King may

+do what he will without hindrance from one whom he has cruelly

+wronged. I keep it only to safeguard myself, and to preserve a

+weapon which will always secure me from any steps which he might

+take in the future. I leave a photograph which he might care to

+possess; and I remain, dear Mr. Sherlock Holmes,

+

+                                      "Very truly yours,

+                                   "IRENE NORTON, née ADLER."

+

+"What a woman--oh, what a woman!" cried the King of Bohemia, when

+we had all three read this epistle. "Did I not tell you how quick

+and resolute she was? Would she not have made an admirable queen?

+Is it not a pity that she was not on my level?"

+

+"From what I have seen of the lady she seems indeed to be on a

+very different level to your Majesty," said Holmes coldly. "I am

+sorry that I have not been able to bring your Majesty's business

+to a more successful conclusion."

+

+"On the contrary, my dear sir," cried the King; "nothing could be

+more successful. I know that her word is inviolate. The

+photograph is now as safe as if it were in the fire."

+

+"I am glad to hear your Majesty say so."

+

+"I am immensely indebted to you. Pray tell me in what way I can

+reward you. This ring--" He slipped an emerald snake ring from

+his finger and held it out upon the palm of his hand.

+

+"Your Majesty has something which I should value even more

+highly," said Holmes.

+

+"You have but to name it."

+

+"This photograph!"

+

+The King stared at him in amazement.

+

+"Irene's photograph!" he cried. "Certainly, if you wish it."

+

+"I thank your Majesty. Then there is no more to be done in the

+matter. I have the honour to wish you a very good-morning." He

+bowed, and, turning away without observing the hand which the

+King had stretched out to him, he set off in my company for his

+chambers.

+

+And that was how a great scandal threatened to affect the kingdom

+of Bohemia, and how the best plans of Mr. Sherlock Holmes were

+beaten by a woman's wit. He used to make merry over the

+cleverness of women, but I have not heard him do it of late. And

+when he speaks of Irene Adler, or when he refers to her

+photograph, it is always under the honourable title of the woman.

+

+

+

+ADVENTURE II. THE RED-HEADED LEAGUE

+

+I had called upon my friend, Mr. Sherlock Holmes, one day in the

+autumn of last year and found him in deep conversation with a

+very stout, florid-faced, elderly gentleman with fiery red hair.

+With an apology for my intrusion, I was about to withdraw when

+Holmes pulled me abruptly into the room and closed the door

+behind me.

+

+"You could not possibly have come at a better time, my dear

+Watson," he said cordially.

+

+"I was afraid that you were engaged."

+

+"So I am. Very much so."

+

+"Then I can wait in the next room."

+

+"Not at all. This gentleman, Mr. Wilson, has been my partner and

+helper in many of my most successful cases, and I have no

+doubt that he will be of the utmost use to me in yours also."

+

+The stout gentleman half rose from his chair and gave a bob of

+greeting, with a quick little questioning glance from his small

+fat-encircled eyes.

+

+"Try the settee," said Holmes, relapsing into his armchair and

+putting his fingertips together, as was his custom when in

+judicial moods. "I know, my dear Watson, that you share my love

+of all that is bizarre and outside the conventions and humdrum

+routine of everyday life. You have shown your relish for it by

+the enthusiasm which has prompted you to chronicle, and, if you

+will excuse my saying so, somewhat to embellish so many of my own

+little adventures."

+

+"Your cases have indeed been of the greatest interest to me," I

+observed.

+

+"You will remember that I remarked the other day, just before we

+went into the very simple problem presented by Miss Mary

+Sutherland, that for strange effects and extraordinary

+combinations we must go to life itself, which is always far more

+daring than any effort of the imagination."

+

+"A proposition which I took the liberty of doubting."

+

+"You did, Doctor, but none the less you must come round to my

+view, for otherwise I shall keep on piling fact upon fact on you

+until your reason breaks down under them and acknowledges me to

+be right. Now, Mr. Jabez Wilson here has been good enough to call

+upon me this morning, and to begin a narrative which promises to

+be one of the most singular which I have listened to for some

+time. You have heard me remark that the strangest and most unique

+things are very often connected not with the larger but with the

+smaller crimes, and occasionally, indeed, where there is room for

+doubt whether any positive crime has been committed. As far as I

+have heard it is impossible for me to say whether the present

+case is an instance of crime or not, but the course of events is

+certainly among the most singular that I have ever listened to.

+Perhaps, Mr. Wilson, you would have the great kindness to

+recommence your narrative. I ask you not merely because my friend

+Dr. Watson has not heard the opening part but also because the

+peculiar nature of the story makes me anxious to have every

+possible detail from your lips. As a rule, when I have heard some

+slight indication of the course of events, I am able to guide

+myself by the thousands of other similar cases which occur to my

+memory. In the present instance I am forced to admit that the

+facts are, to the best of my belief, unique."

+

+The portly client puffed out his chest with an appearance of some

+little pride and pulled a dirty and wrinkled newspaper from the

+inside pocket of his greatcoat. As he glanced down the

+advertisement column, with his head thrust forward and the paper

+flattened out upon his knee, I took a good look at the man and

+endeavoured, after the fashion of my companion, to read the

+indications which might be presented by his dress or appearance.

+

+I did not gain very much, however, by my inspection. Our visitor

+bore every mark of being an average commonplace British

+tradesman, obese, pompous, and slow. He wore rather baggy grey

+shepherd's check trousers, a not over-clean black frock-coat,

+unbuttoned in the front, and a drab waistcoat with a heavy brassy

+Albert chain, and a square pierced bit of metal dangling down as

+an ornament. A frayed top-hat and a faded brown overcoat with a

+wrinkled velvet collar lay upon a chair beside him. Altogether,

+look as I would, there was nothing remarkable about the man save

+his blazing red head, and the expression of extreme chagrin and

+discontent upon his features.

+

+Sherlock Holmes' quick eye took in my occupation, and he shook

+his head with a smile as he noticed my questioning glances.

+"Beyond the obvious facts that he has at some time done manual

+labour, that he takes snuff, that he is a Freemason, that he has

+been in China, and that he has done a considerable amount of

+writing lately, I can deduce nothing else."

+

+Mr. Jabez Wilson started up in his chair, with his forefinger

+upon the paper, but his eyes upon my companion.

+

+"How, in the name of good-fortune, did you know all that, Mr.

+Holmes?" he asked. "How did you know, for example, that I did

+manual labour. It's as true as gospel, for I began as a ship's

+carpenter."

+

+"Your hands, my dear sir. Your right hand is quite a size larger

+than your left. You have worked with it, and the muscles are more

+developed."

+

+"Well, the snuff, then, and the Freemasonry?"

+

+"I won't insult your intelligence by telling you how I read that,

+especially as, rather against the strict rules of your order, you

+use an arc-and-compass breastpin."

+

+"Ah, of course, I forgot that. But the writing?"

+

+"What else can be indicated by that right cuff so very shiny for

+five inches, and the left one with the smooth patch near the

+elbow where you rest it upon the desk?"

+

+"Well, but China?"

+

+"The fish that you have tattooed immediately above your right

+wrist could only have been done in China. I have made a small

+study of tattoo marks and have even contributed to the literature

+of the subject. That trick of staining the fishes' scales of a

+delicate pink is quite peculiar to China. When, in addition, I

+see a Chinese coin hanging from your watch-chain, the matter

+becomes even more simple."

+

+Mr. Jabez Wilson laughed heavily. "Well, I never!" said he. "I

+thought at first that you had done something clever, but I see

+that there was nothing in it, after all."

+

+"I begin to think, Watson," said Holmes, "that I make a mistake

+in explaining. 'Omne ignotum pro magnifico,' you know, and my

+poor little reputation, such as it is, will suffer shipwreck if I

+am so candid. Can you not find the advertisement, Mr. Wilson?"

+

+"Yes, I have got it now," he answered with his thick red finger

+planted halfway down the column. "Here it is. This is what began

+it all. You just read it for yourself, sir."

+

+I took the paper from him and read as follows:

+

+"TO THE RED-HEADED LEAGUE: On account of the bequest of the late

+Ezekiah Hopkins, of Lebanon, Pennsylvania, U. S. A., there is now

+another vacancy open which entitles a member of the League to a

+salary of 4 pounds a week for purely nominal services. All

+red-headed men who are sound in body and mind and above the age

+of twenty-one years, are eligible. Apply in person on Monday, at

+eleven o'clock, to Duncan Ross, at the offices of the League, 7

+Pope's Court, Fleet Street."

+

+"What on earth does this mean?" I ejaculated after I had twice

+read over the extraordinary announcement.

+

+Holmes chuckled and wriggled in his chair, as was his habit when

+in high spirits. "It is a little off the beaten track, isn't it?"

+said he. "And now, Mr. Wilson, off you go at scratch and tell us

+all about yourself, your household, and the effect which this

+advertisement had upon your fortunes. You will first make a note,

+Doctor, of the paper and the date."

+

+"It is The Morning Chronicle of April 27, 1890. Just two months

+ago."

+

+"Very good. Now, Mr. Wilson?"

+

+"Well, it is just as I have been telling you, Mr. Sherlock

+Holmes," said Jabez Wilson, mopping his forehead; "I have a small

+pawnbroker's business at Coburg Square, near the City. It's not a

+very large affair, and of late years it has not done more than

+just give me a living. I used to be able to keep two assistants,

+but now I only keep one; and I would have a job to pay him but

+that he is willing to come for half wages so as to learn the

+business."

+

+"What is the name of this obliging youth?" asked Sherlock Holmes.

+

+"His name is Vincent Spaulding, and he's not such a youth,

+either. It's hard to say his age. I should not wish a smarter

+assistant, Mr. Holmes; and I know very well that he could better

+himself and earn twice what I am able to give him. But, after

+all, if he is satisfied, why should I put ideas in his head?"

+

+"Why, indeed? You seem most fortunate in having an employé who

+comes under the full market price. It is not a common experience

+among employers in this age. I don't know that your assistant is

+not as remarkable as your advertisement."

+

+"Oh, he has his faults, too," said Mr. Wilson. "Never was such a

+fellow for photography. Snapping away with a camera when he ought

+to be improving his mind, and then diving down into the cellar

+like a rabbit into its hole to develop his pictures. That is his

+main fault, but on the whole he's a good worker. There's no vice

+in him."

+

+"He is still with you, I presume?"

+

+"Yes, sir. He and a girl of fourteen, who does a bit of simple

+cooking and keeps the place clean--that's all I have in the

+house, for I am a widower and never had any family. We live very

+quietly, sir, the three of us; and we keep a roof over our heads

+and pay our debts, if we do nothing more.

+

+"The first thing that put us out was that advertisement.

+Spaulding, he came down into the office just this day eight

+weeks, with this very paper in his hand, and he says:

+

+"'I wish to the Lord, Mr. Wilson, that I was a red-headed man.'

+

+"'Why that?' I asks.

+

+"'Why,' says he, 'here's another vacancy on the League of the

+Red-headed Men. It's worth quite a little fortune to any man who

+gets it, and I understand that there are more vacancies than

+there are men, so that the trustees are at their wits' end what

+to do with the money. If my hair would only change colour, here's

+a nice little crib all ready for me to step into.'

+

+"'Why, what is it, then?' I asked. You see, Mr. Holmes, I am a

+very stay-at-home man, and as my business came to me instead of

+my having to go to it, I was often weeks on end without putting

+my foot over the door-mat. In that way I didn't know much of what

+was going on outside, and I was always glad of a bit of news.

+

+"'Have you never heard of the League of the Red-headed Men?' he

+asked with his eyes open.

+

+"'Never.'

+

+"'Why, I wonder at that, for you are eligible yourself for one

+of the vacancies.'

+

+"'And what are they worth?' I asked.

+

+"'Oh, merely a couple of hundred a year, but the work is slight,

+and it need not interfere very much with one's other

+occupations.'

+

+"Well, you can easily think that that made me prick up my ears,

+for the business has not been over-good for some years, and an

+extra couple of hundred would have been very handy.

+

+"'Tell me all about it,' said I.

+

+"'Well,' said he, showing me the advertisement, 'you can see for

+yourself that the League has a vacancy, and there is the address

+where you should apply for particulars. As far as I can make out,

+the League was founded by an American millionaire, Ezekiah

+Hopkins, who was very peculiar in his ways. He was himself

+red-headed, and he had a great sympathy for all red-headed men;

+so when he died it was found that he had left his enormous

+fortune in the hands of trustees, with instructions to apply the

+interest to the providing of easy berths to men whose hair is of

+that colour. From all I hear it is splendid pay and very little to

+do.'

+

+"'But,' said I, 'there would be millions of red-headed men who

+would apply.'

+

+"'Not so many as you might think,' he answered. 'You see it is

+really confined to Londoners, and to grown men. This American had

+started from London when he was young, and he wanted to do the

+old town a good turn. Then, again, I have heard it is no use your

+applying if your hair is light red, or dark red, or anything but

+real bright, blazing, fiery red. Now, if you cared to apply, Mr.

+Wilson, you would just walk in; but perhaps it would hardly be

+worth your while to put yourself out of the way for the sake of a

+few hundred pounds.'

+

+"Now, it is a fact, gentlemen, as you may see for yourselves,

+that my hair is of a very full and rich tint, so that it seemed

+to me that if there was to be any competition in the matter I

+stood as good a chance as any man that I had ever met. Vincent

+Spaulding seemed to know so much about it that I thought he might

+prove useful, so I just ordered him to put up the shutters for

+the day and to come right away with me. He was very willing to

+have a holiday, so we shut the business up and started off for

+the address that was given us in the advertisement.

+

+"I never hope to see such a sight as that again, Mr. Holmes. From

+north, south, east, and west every man who had a shade of red in

+his hair had tramped into the city to answer the advertisement.

+Fleet Street was choked with red-headed folk, and Pope's Court

+looked like a coster's orange barrow. I should not have thought

+there were so many in the whole country as were brought together

+by that single advertisement. Every shade of colour they

+were--straw, lemon, orange, brick, Irish-setter, liver, clay;

+but, as Spaulding said, there were not many who had the real

+vivid flame-coloured tint. When I saw how many were waiting, I

+would have given it up in despair; but Spaulding would not hear

+of it. How he did it I could not imagine, but he pushed and

+pulled and butted until he got me through the crowd, and right up

+to the steps which led to the office. There was a double stream

+upon the stair, some going up in hope, and some coming back

+dejected; but we wedged in as well as we could and soon found

+ourselves in the office."

+

+"Your experience has been a most entertaining one," remarked

+Holmes as his client paused and refreshed his memory with a huge

+pinch of snuff. "Pray continue your very interesting statement."

+

+"There was nothing in the office but a couple of wooden chairs

+and a deal table, behind which sat a small man with a head that

+was even redder than mine. He said a few words to each candidate

+as he came up, and then he always managed to find some fault in

+them which would disqualify them. Getting a vacancy did not seem

+to be such a very easy matter, after all. However, when our turn

+came the little man was much more favourable to me than to any of

+the others, and he closed the door as we entered, so that he

+might have a private word with us.

+

+"'This is Mr. Jabez Wilson,' said my assistant, 'and he is

+willing to fill a vacancy in the League.'

+

+"'And he is admirably suited for it,' the other answered. 'He has

+every requirement. I cannot recall when I have seen anything so

+fine.' He took a step backward, cocked his head on one side, and

+gazed at my hair until I felt quite bashful. Then suddenly he

+plunged forward, wrung my hand, and congratulated me warmly on my

+success.

+

+"'It would be injustice to hesitate,' said he. 'You will,

+however, I am sure, excuse me for taking an obvious precaution.'

+With that he seized my hair in both his hands, and tugged until I

+yelled with the pain. 'There is water in your eyes,' said he as

+he released me. 'I perceive that all is as it should be. But we

+have to be careful, for we have twice been deceived by wigs and

+once by paint. I could tell you tales of cobbler's wax which

+would disgust you with human nature.' He stepped over to the

+window and shouted through it at the top of his voice that the

+vacancy was filled. A groan of disappointment came up from below,

+and the folk all trooped away in different directions until there

+was not a red-head to be seen except my own and that of the

+manager.

+

+"'My name,' said he, 'is Mr. Duncan Ross, and I am myself one of

+the pensioners upon the fund left by our noble benefactor. Are

+you a married man, Mr. Wilson? Have you a family?'

+

+"I answered that I had not.

+

+"His face fell immediately.

+

+"'Dear me!' he said gravely, 'that is very serious indeed! I am

+sorry to hear you say that. The fund was, of course, for the

+propagation and spread of the red-heads as well as for their

+maintenance. It is exceedingly unfortunate that you should be a

+bachelor.'

+

+"My face lengthened at this, Mr. Holmes, for I thought that I was

+not to have the vacancy after all; but after thinking it over for

+a few minutes he said that it would be all right.

+

+"'In the case of another,' said he, 'the objection might be

+fatal, but we must stretch a point in favour of a man with such a

+head of hair as yours. When shall you be able to enter upon your

+new duties?'

+

+"'Well, it is a little awkward, for I have a business already,'

+said I.

+

+"'Oh, never mind about that, Mr. Wilson!' said Vincent Spaulding.

+'I should be able to look after that for you.'

+

+"'What would be the hours?' I asked.

+

+"'Ten to two.'

+

+"Now a pawnbroker's business is mostly done of an evening, Mr.

+Holmes, especially Thursday and Friday evening, which is just

+before pay-day; so it would suit me very well to earn a little in

+the mornings. Besides, I knew that my assistant was a good man,

+and that he would see to anything that turned up.

+

+"'That would suit me very well,' said I. 'And the pay?'

+

+"'Is 4 pounds a week.'

+

+"'And the work?'

+

+"'Is purely nominal.'

+

+"'What do you call purely nominal?'

+

+"'Well, you have to be in the office, or at least in the

+building, the whole time. If you leave, you forfeit your whole

+position forever. The will is very clear upon that point. You

+don't comply with the conditions if you budge from the office

+during that time.'

+

+"'It's only four hours a day, and I should not think of leaving,'

+said I.

+

+"'No excuse will avail,' said Mr. Duncan Ross; 'neither sickness

+nor business nor anything else. There you must stay, or you lose

+your billet.'

+

+"'And the work?'

+

+"'Is to copy out the "Encyclopaedia Britannica." There is the first

+volume of it in that press. You must find your own ink, pens, and

+blotting-paper, but we provide this table and chair. Will you be

+ready to-morrow?'

+

+"'Certainly,' I answered.

+

+"'Then, good-bye, Mr. Jabez Wilson, and let me congratulate you

+once more on the important position which you have been fortunate

+enough to gain.' He bowed me out of the room and I went home with

+my assistant, hardly knowing what to say or do, I was so pleased

+at my own good fortune.

+

+"Well, I thought over the matter all day, and by evening I was in

+low spirits again; for I had quite persuaded myself that the

+whole affair must be some great hoax or fraud, though what its

+object might be I could not imagine. It seemed altogether past

+belief that anyone could make such a will, or that they would pay

+such a sum for doing anything so simple as copying out the

+'Encyclopaedia Britannica.' Vincent Spaulding did what he could to

+cheer me up, but by bedtime I had reasoned myself out of the

+whole thing. However, in the morning I determined to have a look

+at it anyhow, so I bought a penny bottle of ink, and with a

+quill-pen, and seven sheets of foolscap paper, I started off for

+Pope's Court.

+

+"Well, to my surprise and delight, everything was as right as

+possible. The table was set out ready for me, and Mr. Duncan Ross

+was there to see that I got fairly to work. He started me off

+upon the letter A, and then he left me; but he would drop in from

+time to time to see that all was right with me. At two o'clock he

+bade me good-day, complimented me upon the amount that I had

+written, and locked the door of the office after me.

+

+"This went on day after day, Mr. Holmes, and on Saturday the

+manager came in and planked down four golden sovereigns for my

+week's work. It was the same next week, and the same the week

+after. Every morning I was there at ten, and every afternoon I

+left at two. By degrees Mr. Duncan Ross took to coming in only

+once of a morning, and then, after a time, he did not come in at

+all. Still, of course, I never dared to leave the room for an

+instant, for I was not sure when he might come, and the billet

+was such a good one, and suited me so well, that I would not risk

+the loss of it.

+

+"Eight weeks passed away like this, and I had written about

+Abbots and Archery and Armour and Architecture and Attica, and

+hoped with diligence that I might get on to the B's before very

+long. It cost me something in foolscap, and I had pretty nearly

+filled a shelf with my writings. And then suddenly the whole

+business came to an end."

+

+"To an end?"

+

+"Yes, sir. And no later than this morning. I went to my work as

+usual at ten o'clock, but the door was shut and locked, with a

+little square of cardboard hammered on to the middle of the

+panel with a tack. Here it is, and you can read for yourself."

+

+He held up a piece of white cardboard about the size of a sheet

+of note-paper. It read in this fashion:

+

+                  THE RED-HEADED LEAGUE

+

+                           IS

+

+                        DISSOLVED.

+

+                     October 9, 1890.

+

+Sherlock Holmes and I surveyed this curt announcement and the

+rueful face behind it, until the comical side of the affair so

+completely overtopped every other consideration that we both

+burst out into a roar of laughter.

+

+"I cannot see that there is anything very funny," cried our

+client, flushing up to the roots of his flaming head. "If you can

+do nothing better than laugh at me, I can go elsewhere."

+

+"No, no," cried Holmes, shoving him back into the chair from

+which he had half risen. "I really wouldn't miss your case for

+the world. It is most refreshingly unusual. But there is, if you

+will excuse my saying so, something just a little funny about it.

+Pray what steps did you take when you found the card upon the

+door?"

+

+"I was staggered, sir. I did not know what to do. Then I called

+at the offices round, but none of them seemed to know anything

+about it. Finally, I went to the landlord, who is an accountant

+living on the ground-floor, and I asked him if he could tell me

+what had become of the Red-headed League. He said that he had

+never heard of any such body. Then I asked him who Mr. Duncan

+Ross was. He answered that the name was new to him.

+

+"'Well,' said I, 'the gentleman at No. 4.'

+

+"'What, the red-headed man?'

+

+"'Yes.'

+

+"'Oh,' said he, 'his name was William Morris. He was a solicitor

+and was using my room as a temporary convenience until his new

+premises were ready. He moved out yesterday.'

+

+"'Where could I find him?'

+

+"'Oh, at his new offices. He did tell me the address. Yes, 17

+King Edward Street, near St. Paul's.'

+

+"I started off, Mr. Holmes, but when I got to that address it was

+a manufactory of artificial knee-caps, and no one in it had ever

+heard of either Mr. William Morris or Mr. Duncan Ross."

+

+"And what did you do then?" asked Holmes.

+

+"I went home to Saxe-Coburg Square, and I took the advice of my

+assistant. But he could not help me in any way. He could only say

+that if I waited I should hear by post. But that was not quite

+good enough, Mr. Holmes. I did not wish to lose such a place

+without a struggle, so, as I had heard that you were good enough

+to give advice to poor folk who were in need of it, I came right

+away to you."

+

+"And you did very wisely," said Holmes. "Your case is an

+exceedingly remarkable one, and I shall be happy to look into it.

+From what you have told me I think that it is possible that

+graver issues hang from it than might at first sight appear."

+

+"Grave enough!" said Mr. Jabez Wilson. "Why, I have lost four

+pound a week."

+

+"As far as you are personally concerned," remarked Holmes, "I do

+not see that you have any grievance against this extraordinary

+league. On the contrary, you are, as I understand, richer by some

+30 pounds, to say nothing of the minute knowledge which you have

+gained on every subject which comes under the letter A. You have

+lost nothing by them."

+

+"No, sir. But I want to find out about them, and who they are,

+and what their object was in playing this prank--if it was a

+prank--upon me. It was a pretty expensive joke for them, for it

+cost them two and thirty pounds."

+

+"We shall endeavour to clear up these points for you. And, first,

+one or two questions, Mr. Wilson. This assistant of yours who

+first called your attention to the advertisement--how long had he

+been with you?"

+

+"About a month then."

+

+"How did he come?"

+

+"In answer to an advertisement."

+

+"Was he the only applicant?"

+

+"No, I had a dozen."

+

+"Why did you pick him?"

+

+"Because he was handy and would come cheap."

+

+"At half-wages, in fact."

+

+"Yes."

+

+"What is he like, this Vincent Spaulding?"

+

+"Small, stout-built, very quick in his ways, no hair on his face,

+though he's not short of thirty. Has a white splash of acid upon

+his forehead."

+

+Holmes sat up in his chair in considerable excitement. "I thought

+as much," said he. "Have you ever observed that his ears are

+pierced for earrings?"

+

+"Yes, sir. He told me that a gipsy had done it for him when he

+was a lad."

+

+"Hum!" said Holmes, sinking back in deep thought. "He is still

+with you?"

+

+"Oh, yes, sir; I have only just left him."

+

+"And has your business been attended to in your absence?"

+

+"Nothing to complain of, sir. There's never very much to do of a

+morning."

+

+"That will do, Mr. Wilson. I shall be happy to give you an

+opinion upon the subject in the course of a day or two. To-day is

+Saturday, and I hope that by Monday we may come to a conclusion."

+

+"Well, Watson," said Holmes when our visitor had left us, "what

+do you make of it all?"

+

+"I make nothing of it," I answered frankly. "It is a most

+mysterious business."

+

+"As a rule," said Holmes, "the more bizarre a thing is the less

+mysterious it proves to be. It is your commonplace, featureless

+crimes which are really puzzling, just as a commonplace face is

+the most difficult to identify. But I must be prompt over this

+matter."

+

+"What are you going to do, then?" I asked.

+

+"To smoke," he answered. "It is quite a three pipe problem, and I

+beg that you won't speak to me for fifty minutes." He curled

+himself up in his chair, with his thin knees drawn up to his

+hawk-like nose, and there he sat with his eyes closed and his

+black clay pipe thrusting out like the bill of some strange bird.

+I had come to the conclusion that he had dropped asleep, and

+indeed was nodding myself, when he suddenly sprang out of his

+chair with the gesture of a man who has made up his mind and put

+his pipe down upon the mantelpiece.

+

+"Sarasate plays at the St. James's Hall this afternoon," he

+remarked. "What do you think, Watson? Could your patients spare

+you for a few hours?"

+

+"I have nothing to do to-day. My practice is never very

+absorbing."

+

+"Then put on your hat and come. I am going through the City

+first, and we can have some lunch on the way. I observe that

+there is a good deal of German music on the programme, which is

+rather more to my taste than Italian or French. It is

+introspective, and I want to introspect. Come along!"

+

+We travelled by the Underground as far as Aldersgate; and a short

+walk took us to Saxe-Coburg Square, the scene of the singular

+story which we had listened to in the morning. It was a poky,

+little, shabby-genteel place, where four lines of dingy

+two-storied brick houses looked out into a small railed-in

+enclosure, where a lawn of weedy grass and a few clumps of faded

+laurel-bushes made a hard fight against a smoke-laden and

+uncongenial atmosphere. Three gilt balls and a brown board with

+"JABEZ WILSON" in white letters, upon a corner house, announced

+the place where our red-headed client carried on his business.

+Sherlock Holmes stopped in front of it with his head on one side

+and looked it all over, with his eyes shining brightly between

+puckered lids. Then he walked slowly up the street, and then down

+again to the corner, still looking keenly at the houses. Finally

+he returned to the pawnbroker's, and, having thumped vigorously

+upon the pavement with his stick two or three times, he went up

+to the door and knocked. It was instantly opened by a

+bright-looking, clean-shaven young fellow, who asked him to step

+in.

+

+"Thank you," said Holmes, "I only wished to ask you how you would

+go from here to the Strand."

+

+"Third right, fourth left," answered the assistant promptly,

+closing the door.

+

+"Smart fellow, that," observed Holmes as we walked away. "He is,

+in my judgment, the fourth smartest man in London, and for daring

+I am not sure that he has not a claim to be third. I have known

+something of him before."

+

+"Evidently," said I, "Mr. Wilson's assistant counts for a good

+deal in this mystery of the Red-headed League. I am sure that you

+inquired your way merely in order that you might see him."

+

+"Not him."

+

+"What then?"

+

+"The knees of his trousers."

+

+"And what did you see?"

+

+"What I expected to see."

+

+"Why did you beat the pavement?"

+

+"My dear doctor, this is a time for observation, not for talk. We

+are spies in an enemy's country. We know something of Saxe-Coburg

+Square. Let us now explore the parts which lie behind it."

+

+The road in which we found ourselves as we turned round the

+corner from the retired Saxe-Coburg Square presented as great a

+contrast to it as the front of a picture does to the back. It was

+one of the main arteries which conveyed the traffic of the City

+to the north and west. The roadway was blocked with the immense

+stream of commerce flowing in a double tide inward and outward,

+while the footpaths were black with the hurrying swarm of

+pedestrians. It was difficult to realise as we looked at the line

+of fine shops and stately business premises that they really

+abutted on the other side upon the faded and stagnant square

+which we had just quitted.

+

+"Let me see," said Holmes, standing at the corner and glancing

+along the line, "I should like just to remember the order of the

+houses here. It is a hobby of mine to have an exact knowledge of

+London. There is Mortimer's, the tobacconist, the little

+newspaper shop, the Coburg branch of the City and Suburban Bank,

+the Vegetarian Restaurant, and McFarlane's carriage-building

+depot. That carries us right on to the other block. And now,

+Doctor, we've done our work, so it's time we had some play. A

+sandwich and a cup of coffee, and then off to violin-land, where

+all is sweetness and delicacy and harmony, and there are no

+red-headed clients to vex us with their conundrums."

+

+My friend was an enthusiastic musician, being himself not only a

+very capable performer but a composer of no ordinary merit. All

+the afternoon he sat in the stalls wrapped in the most perfect

+happiness, gently waving his long, thin fingers in time to the

+music, while his gently smiling face and his languid, dreamy eyes

+were as unlike those of Holmes the sleuth-hound, Holmes the

+relentless, keen-witted, ready-handed criminal agent, as it was

+possible to conceive. In his singular character the dual nature

+alternately asserted itself, and his extreme exactness and

+astuteness represented, as I have often thought, the reaction

+against the poetic and contemplative mood which occasionally

+predominated in him. The swing of his nature took him from

+extreme languor to devouring energy; and, as I knew well, he was

+never so truly formidable as when, for days on end, he had been

+lounging in his armchair amid his improvisations and his

+black-letter editions. Then it was that the lust of the chase

+would suddenly come upon him, and that his brilliant reasoning

+power would rise to the level of intuition, until those who were

+unacquainted with his methods would look askance at him as on a

+man whose knowledge was not that of other mortals. When I saw him

+that afternoon so enwrapped in the music at St. James's Hall I

+felt that an evil time might be coming upon those whom he had set

+himself to hunt down.

+

+"You want to go home, no doubt, Doctor," he remarked as we

+emerged.

+

+"Yes, it would be as well."

+

+"And I have some business to do which will take some hours. This

+business at Coburg Square is serious."

+

+"Why serious?"

+

+"A considerable crime is in contemplation. I have every reason to

+believe that we shall be in time to stop it. But to-day being

+Saturday rather complicates matters. I shall want your help

+to-night."

+

+"At what time?"

+

+"Ten will be early enough."

+

+"I shall be at Baker Street at ten."

+

+"Very well. And, I say, Doctor, there may be some little danger,

+so kindly put your army revolver in your pocket." He waved his

+hand, turned on his heel, and disappeared in an instant among the

+crowd.

+

+I trust that I am not more dense than my neighbours, but I was

+always oppressed with a sense of my own stupidity in my dealings

+with Sherlock Holmes. Here I had heard what he had heard, I had

+seen what he had seen, and yet from his words it was evident that

+he saw clearly not only what had happened but what was about to

+happen, while to me the whole business was still confused and

+grotesque. As I drove home to my house in Kensington I thought

+over it all, from the extraordinary story of the red-headed

+copier of the "Encyclopaedia" down to the visit to Saxe-Coburg

+Square, and the ominous words with which he had parted from me.

+What was this nocturnal expedition, and why should I go armed?

+Where were we going, and what were we to do? I had the hint from

+Holmes that this smooth-faced pawnbroker's assistant was a

+formidable man--a man who might play a deep game. I tried to

+puzzle it out, but gave it up in despair and set the matter aside

+until night should bring an explanation.

+

+It was a quarter-past nine when I started from home and made my

+way across the Park, and so through Oxford Street to Baker

+Street. Two hansoms were standing at the door, and as I entered

+the passage I heard the sound of voices from above. On entering

+his room I found Holmes in animated conversation with two men,

+one of whom I recognised as Peter Jones, the official police

+agent, while the other was a long, thin, sad-faced man, with a

+very shiny hat and oppressively respectable frock-coat.

+

+"Ha! Our party is complete," said Holmes, buttoning up his

+pea-jacket and taking his heavy hunting crop from the rack.

+"Watson, I think you know Mr. Jones, of Scotland Yard? Let me

+introduce you to Mr. Merryweather, who is to be our companion in

+to-night's adventure."

+

+"We're hunting in couples again, Doctor, you see," said Jones in

+his consequential way. "Our friend here is a wonderful man for

+starting a chase. All he wants is an old dog to help him to do

+the running down."

+

+"I hope a wild goose may not prove to be the end of our chase,"

+observed Mr. Merryweather gloomily.

+

+"You may place considerable confidence in Mr. Holmes, sir," said

+the police agent loftily. "He has his own little methods, which

+are, if he won't mind my saying so, just a little too theoretical

+and fantastic, but he has the makings of a detective in him. It

+is not too much to say that once or twice, as in that business of

+the Sholto murder and the Agra treasure, he has been more nearly

+correct than the official force."

+

+"Oh, if you say so, Mr. Jones, it is all right," said the

+stranger with deference. "Still, I confess that I miss my rubber.

+It is the first Saturday night for seven-and-twenty years that I

+have not had my rubber."

+

+"I think you will find," said Sherlock Holmes, "that you will

+play for a higher stake to-night than you have ever done yet, and

+that the play will be more exciting. For you, Mr. Merryweather,

+the stake will be some 30,000 pounds; and for you, Jones, it will

+be the man upon whom you wish to lay your hands."

+

+"John Clay, the murderer, thief, smasher, and forger. He's a

+young man, Mr. Merryweather, but he is at the head of his

+profession, and I would rather have my bracelets on him than on

+any criminal in London. He's a remarkable man, is young John

+Clay. His grandfather was a royal duke, and he himself has been

+to Eton and Oxford. His brain is as cunning as his fingers, and

+though we meet signs of him at every turn, we never know where to

+find the man himself. He'll crack a crib in Scotland one week,

+and be raising money to build an orphanage in Cornwall the next.

+I've been on his track for years and have never set eyes on him

+yet."

+

+"I hope that I may have the pleasure of introducing you to-night.

+I've had one or two little turns also with Mr. John Clay, and I

+agree with you that he is at the head of his profession. It is

+past ten, however, and quite time that we started. If you two

+will take the first hansom, Watson and I will follow in the

+second."

+

+Sherlock Holmes was not very communicative during the long drive

+and lay back in the cab humming the tunes which he had heard in

+the afternoon. We rattled through an endless labyrinth of gas-lit

+streets until we emerged into Farrington Street.

+

+"We are close there now," my friend remarked. "This fellow

+Merryweather is a bank director, and personally interested in the

+matter. I thought it as well to have Jones with us also. He is

+not a bad fellow, though an absolute imbecile in his profession.

+He has one positive virtue. He is as brave as a bulldog and as

+tenacious as a lobster if he gets his claws upon anyone. Here we

+are, and they are waiting for us."

+

+We had reached the same crowded thoroughfare in which we had

+found ourselves in the morning. Our cabs were dismissed, and,

+following the guidance of Mr. Merryweather, we passed down a

+narrow passage and through a side door, which he opened for us.

+Within there was a small corridor, which ended in a very massive

+iron gate. This also was opened, and led down a flight of winding

+stone steps, which terminated at another formidable gate. Mr.

+Merryweather stopped to light a lantern, and then conducted us

+down a dark, earth-smelling passage, and so, after opening a

+third door, into a huge vault or cellar, which was piled all

+round with crates and massive boxes.

+

+"You are not very vulnerable from above," Holmes remarked as he

+held up the lantern and gazed about him.

+

+"Nor from below," said Mr. Merryweather, striking his stick upon

+the flags which lined the floor. "Why, dear me, it sounds quite

+hollow!" he remarked, looking up in surprise.

+

+"I must really ask you to be a little more quiet!" said Holmes

+severely. "You have already imperilled the whole success of our

+expedition. Might I beg that you would have the goodness to sit

+down upon one of those boxes, and not to interfere?"

+

+The solemn Mr. Merryweather perched himself upon a crate, with a

+very injured expression upon his face, while Holmes fell upon his

+knees upon the floor and, with the lantern and a magnifying lens,

+began to examine minutely the cracks between the stones. A few

+seconds sufficed to satisfy him, for he sprang to his feet again

+and put his glass in his pocket.

+

+"We have at least an hour before us," he remarked, "for they can

+hardly take any steps until the good pawnbroker is safely in bed.

+Then they will not lose a minute, for the sooner they do their

+work the longer time they will have for their escape. We are at

+present, Doctor--as no doubt you have divined--in the cellar of

+the City branch of one of the principal London banks. Mr.

+Merryweather is the chairman of directors, and he will explain to

+you that there are reasons why the more daring criminals of

+London should take a considerable interest in this cellar at

+present."

+

+"It is our French gold," whispered the director. "We have had

+several warnings that an attempt might be made upon it."

+

+"Your French gold?"

+

+"Yes. We had occasion some months ago to strengthen our resources

+and borrowed for that purpose 30,000 napoleons from the Bank of

+France. It has become known that we have never had occasion to

+unpack the money, and that it is still lying in our cellar. The

+crate upon which I sit contains 2,000 napoleons packed between

+layers of lead foil. Our reserve of bullion is much larger at

+present than is usually kept in a single branch office, and the

+directors have had misgivings upon the subject."

+

+"Which were very well justified," observed Holmes. "And now it is

+time that we arranged our little plans. I expect that within an

+hour matters will come to a head. In the meantime Mr.

+Merryweather, we must put the screen over that dark lantern."

+

+"And sit in the dark?"

+

+"I am afraid so. I had brought a pack of cards in my pocket, and

+I thought that, as we were a partie carrée, you might have your

+rubber after all. But I see that the enemy's preparations have

+gone so far that we cannot risk the presence of a light. And,

+first of all, we must choose our positions. These are daring men,

+and though we shall take them at a disadvantage, they may do us

+some harm unless we are careful. I shall stand behind this crate,

+and do you conceal yourselves behind those. Then, when I flash a

+light upon them, close in swiftly. If they fire, Watson, have no

+compunction about shooting them down."

+

+I placed my revolver, cocked, upon the top of the wooden case

+behind which I crouched. Holmes shot the slide across the front

+of his lantern and left us in pitch darkness--such an absolute

+darkness as I have never before experienced. The smell of hot

+metal remained to assure us that the light was still there, ready

+to flash out at a moment's notice. To me, with my nerves worked

+up to a pitch of expectancy, there was something depressing and

+subduing in the sudden gloom, and in the cold dank air of the

+vault.

+

+"They have but one retreat," whispered Holmes. "That is back

+through the house into Saxe-Coburg Square. I hope that you have

+done what I asked you, Jones?"

+

+"I have an inspector and two officers waiting at the front door."

+

+"Then we have stopped all the holes. And now we must be silent

+and wait."

+

+What a time it seemed! From comparing notes afterwards it was but

+an hour and a quarter, yet it appeared to me that the night must

+have almost gone and the dawn be breaking above us. My limbs

+were weary and stiff, for I feared to change my position; yet my

+nerves were worked up to the highest pitch of tension, and my

+hearing was so acute that I could not only hear the gentle

+breathing of my companions, but I could distinguish the deeper,

+heavier in-breath of the bulky Jones from the thin, sighing note

+of the bank director. From my position I could look over the case

+in the direction of the floor. Suddenly my eyes caught the glint

+of a light.

+

+At first it was but a lurid spark upon the stone pavement. Then

+it lengthened out until it became a yellow line, and then,

+without any warning or sound, a gash seemed to open and a hand

+appeared, a white, almost womanly hand, which felt about in the

+centre of the little area of light. For a minute or more the

+hand, with its writhing fingers, protruded out of the floor. Then

+it was withdrawn as suddenly as it appeared, and all was dark

+again save the single lurid spark which marked a chink between

+the stones.

+

+Its disappearance, however, was but momentary. With a rending,

+tearing sound, one of the broad, white stones turned over upon

+its side and left a square, gaping hole, through which streamed

+the light of a lantern. Over the edge there peeped a clean-cut,

+boyish face, which looked keenly about it, and then, with a hand

+on either side of the aperture, drew itself shoulder-high and

+waist-high, until one knee rested upon the edge. In another

+instant he stood at the side of the hole and was hauling after

+him a companion, lithe and small like himself, with a pale face

+and a shock of very red hair.

+

+"It's all clear," he whispered. "Have you the chisel and the

+bags? Great Scott! Jump, Archie, jump, and I'll swing for it!"

+

+Sherlock Holmes had sprung out and seized the intruder by the

+collar. The other dived down the hole, and I heard the sound of

+rending cloth as Jones clutched at his skirts. The light flashed

+upon the barrel of a revolver, but Holmes' hunting crop came

+down on the man's wrist, and the pistol clinked upon the stone

+floor.

+

+"It's no use, John Clay," said Holmes blandly. "You have no

+chance at all."

+

+"So I see," the other answered with the utmost coolness. "I fancy

+that my pal is all right, though I see you have got his

+coat-tails."

+

+"There are three men waiting for him at the door," said Holmes.

+

+"Oh, indeed! You seem to have done the thing very completely. I

+must compliment you."

+

+"And I you," Holmes answered. "Your red-headed idea was very new

+and effective."

+

+"You'll see your pal again presently," said Jones. "He's quicker

+at climbing down holes than I am. Just hold out while I fix the

+derbies."

+

+"I beg that you will not touch me with your filthy hands,"

+remarked our prisoner as the handcuffs clattered upon his wrists.

+"You may not be aware that I have royal blood in my veins. Have

+the goodness, also, when you address me always to say 'sir' and

+'please.'"

+

+"All right," said Jones with a stare and a snigger. "Well, would

+you please, sir, march upstairs, where we can get a cab to carry

+your Highness to the police-station?"

+

+"That is better," said John Clay serenely. He made a sweeping bow

+to the three of us and walked quietly off in the custody of the

+detective.

+

+"Really, Mr. Holmes," said Mr. Merryweather as we followed them

+from the cellar, "I do not know how the bank can thank you or

+repay you. There is no doubt that you have detected and defeated

+in the most complete manner one of the most determined attempts

+at bank robbery that have ever come within my experience."

+

+"I have had one or two little scores of my own to settle with Mr.

+John Clay," said Holmes. "I have been at some small expense over

+this matter, which I shall expect the bank to refund, but beyond

+that I am amply repaid by having had an experience which is in

+many ways unique, and by hearing the very remarkable narrative of

+the Red-headed League."

+

+

+"You see, Watson," he explained in the early hours of the morning

+as we sat over a glass of whisky and soda in Baker Street, "it

+was perfectly obvious from the first that the only possible

+object of this rather fantastic business of the advertisement of

+the League, and the copying of the 'Encyclopaedia,' must be to get

+this not over-bright pawnbroker out of the way for a number of

+hours every day. It was a curious way of managing it, but,

+really, it would be difficult to suggest a better. The method was

+no doubt suggested to Clay's ingenious mind by the colour of his

+accomplice's hair. The 4 pounds a week was a lure which must draw

+him, and what was it to them, who were playing for thousands?

+They put in the advertisement, one rogue has the temporary

+office, the other rogue incites the man to apply for it, and

+together they manage to secure his absence every morning in the

+week. From the time that I heard of the assistant having come for

+half wages, it was obvious to me that he had some strong motive

+for securing the situation."

+

+"But how could you guess what the motive was?"

+

+"Had there been women in the house, I should have suspected a

+mere vulgar intrigue. That, however, was out of the question. The

+man's business was a small one, and there was nothing in his

+house which could account for such elaborate preparations, and

+such an expenditure as they were at. It must, then, be something

+out of the house. What could it be? I thought of the assistant's

+fondness for photography, and his trick of vanishing into the

+cellar. The cellar! There was the end of this tangled clue. Then

+I made inquiries as to this mysterious assistant and found that I

+had to deal with one of the coolest and most daring criminals in

+London. He was doing something in the cellar--something which

+took many hours a day for months on end. What could it be, once

+more? I could think of nothing save that he was running a tunnel

+to some other building.

+

+"So far I had got when we went to visit the scene of action. I

+surprised you by beating upon the pavement with my stick. I was

+ascertaining whether the cellar stretched out in front or behind.

+It was not in front. Then I rang the bell, and, as I hoped, the

+assistant answered it. We have had some skirmishes, but we had

+never set eyes upon each other before. I hardly looked at his

+face. His knees were what I wished to see. You must yourself have

+remarked how worn, wrinkled, and stained they were. They spoke of

+those hours of burrowing. The only remaining point was what they

+were burrowing for. I walked round the corner, saw the City and

+Suburban Bank abutted on our friend's premises, and felt that I

+had solved my problem. When you drove home after the concert I

+called upon Scotland Yard and upon the chairman of the bank

+directors, with the result that you have seen."

+

+"And how could you tell that they would make their attempt

+to-night?" I asked.

+

+"Well, when they closed their League offices that was a sign that

+they cared no longer about Mr. Jabez Wilson's presence--in other

+words, that they had completed their tunnel. But it was essential

+that they should use it soon, as it might be discovered, or the

+bullion might be removed. Saturday would suit them better than

+any other day, as it would give them two days for their escape.

+For all these reasons I expected them to come to-night."

+

+"You reasoned it out beautifully," I exclaimed in unfeigned

+admiration. "It is so long a chain, and yet every link rings

+true."

+

+"It saved me from ennui," he answered, yawning. "Alas! I already

+feel it closing in upon me. My life is spent in one long effort

+to escape from the commonplaces of existence. These little

+problems help me to do so."

+

+"And you are a benefactor of the race," said I.

+

+He shrugged his shoulders. "Well, perhaps, after all, it is of

+some little use," he remarked. "'L'homme c'est rien--l'oeuvre

+c'est tout,' as Gustave Flaubert wrote to George Sand."

+

+

+

+ADVENTURE III. A CASE OF IDENTITY

+

+"My dear fellow," said Sherlock Holmes as we sat on either side

+of the fire in his lodgings at Baker Street, "life is infinitely

+stranger than anything which the mind of man could invent. We

+would not dare to conceive the things which are really mere

+commonplaces of existence. If we could fly out of that window

+hand in hand, hover over this great city, gently remove the

+roofs, and peep in at the queer things which are going on, the

+strange coincidences, the plannings, the cross-purposes, the

+wonderful chains of events, working through generations, and

+leading to the most outré results, it would make all fiction with

+its conventionalities and foreseen conclusions most stale and

+unprofitable."

+

+"And yet I am not convinced of it," I answered. "The cases which

+come to light in the papers are, as a rule, bald enough, and

+vulgar enough. We have in our police reports realism pushed to

+its extreme limits, and yet the result is, it must be confessed,

+neither fascinating nor artistic."

+

+"A certain selection and discretion must be used in producing a

+realistic effect," remarked Holmes. "This is wanting in the

+police report, where more stress is laid, perhaps, upon the

+platitudes of the magistrate than upon the details, which to an

+observer contain the vital essence of the whole matter. Depend

+upon it, there is nothing so unnatural as the commonplace."

+

+I smiled and shook my head. "I can quite understand your thinking

+so," I said. "Of course, in your position of unofficial adviser

+and helper to everybody who is absolutely puzzled, throughout

+three continents, you are brought in contact with all that is

+strange and bizarre. But here"--I picked up the morning paper

+from the ground--"let us put it to a practical test. Here is the

+first heading upon which I come. 'A husband's cruelty to his

+wife.' There is half a column of print, but I know without

+reading it that it is all perfectly familiar to me. There is, of

+course, the other woman, the drink, the push, the blow, the

+bruise, the sympathetic sister or landlady. The crudest of

+writers could invent nothing more crude."

+

+"Indeed, your example is an unfortunate one for your argument,"

+said Holmes, taking the paper and glancing his eye down it. "This

+is the Dundas separation case, and, as it happens, I was engaged

+in clearing up some small points in connection with it. The

+husband was a teetotaler, there was no other woman, and the

+conduct complained of was that he had drifted into the habit of

+winding up every meal by taking out his false teeth and hurling

+them at his wife, which, you will allow, is not an action likely

+to occur to the imagination of the average story-teller. Take a

+pinch of snuff, Doctor, and acknowledge that I have scored over

+you in your example."

+

+He held out his snuffbox of old gold, with a great amethyst in

+the centre of the lid. Its splendour was in such contrast to his

+homely ways and simple life that I could not help commenting upon

+it.

+

+"Ah," said he, "I forgot that I had not seen you for some weeks.

+It is a little souvenir from the King of Bohemia in return for my

+assistance in the case of the Irene Adler papers."

+

+"And the ring?" I asked, glancing at a remarkable brilliant which

+sparkled upon his finger.

+

+"It was from the reigning family of Holland, though the matter in

+which I served them was of such delicacy that I cannot confide it

+even to you, who have been good enough to chronicle one or two of

+my little problems."

+

+"And have you any on hand just now?" I asked with interest.

+

+"Some ten or twelve, but none which present any feature of

+interest. They are important, you understand, without being

+interesting. Indeed, I have found that it is usually in

+unimportant matters that there is a field for the observation,

+and for the quick analysis of cause and effect which gives the

+charm to an investigation. The larger crimes are apt to be the

+simpler, for the bigger the crime the more obvious, as a rule, is

+the motive. In these cases, save for one rather intricate matter

+which has been referred to me from Marseilles, there is nothing

+which presents any features of interest. It is possible, however,

+that I may have something better before very many minutes are

+over, for this is one of my clients, or I am much mistaken."

+

+He had risen from his chair and was standing between the parted

+blinds gazing down into the dull neutral-tinted London street.

+Looking over his shoulder, I saw that on the pavement opposite

+there stood a large woman with a heavy fur boa round her neck,

+and a large curling red feather in a broad-brimmed hat which was

+tilted in a coquettish Duchess of Devonshire fashion over her

+ear. From under this great panoply she peeped up in a nervous,

+hesitating fashion at our windows, while her body oscillated

+backward and forward, and her fingers fidgeted with her glove

+buttons. Suddenly, with a plunge, as of the swimmer who leaves

+the bank, she hurried across the road, and we heard the sharp

+clang of the bell.

+

+"I have seen those symptoms before," said Holmes, throwing his

+cigarette into the fire. "Oscillation upon the pavement always

+means an affaire de coeur. She would like advice, but is not sure

+that the matter is not too delicate for communication. And yet

+even here we may discriminate. When a woman has been seriously

+wronged by a man she no longer oscillates, and the usual symptom

+is a broken bell wire. Here we may take it that there is a love

+matter, but that the maiden is not so much angry as perplexed, or

+grieved. But here she comes in person to resolve our doubts."

+

+As he spoke there was a tap at the door, and the boy in buttons

+entered to announce Miss Mary Sutherland, while the lady herself

+loomed behind his small black figure like a full-sailed

+merchant-man behind a tiny pilot boat. Sherlock Holmes welcomed

+her with the easy courtesy for which he was remarkable, and,

+having closed the door and bowed her into an armchair, he looked

+her over in the minute and yet abstracted fashion which was

+peculiar to him.

+

+"Do you not find," he said, "that with your short sight it is a

+little trying to do so much typewriting?"

+

+"I did at first," she answered, "but now I know where the letters

+are without looking." Then, suddenly realising the full purport

+of his words, she gave a violent start and looked up, with fear

+and astonishment upon her broad, good-humoured face. "You've

+heard about me, Mr. Holmes," she cried, "else how could you know

+all that?"

+

+"Never mind," said Holmes, laughing; "it is my business to know

+things. Perhaps I have trained myself to see what others

+overlook. If not, why should you come to consult me?"

+

+"I came to you, sir, because I heard of you from Mrs. Etherege,

+whose husband you found so easy when the police and everyone had

+given him up for dead. Oh, Mr. Holmes, I wish you would do as

+much for me. I'm not rich, but still I have a hundred a year in

+my own right, besides the little that I make by the machine, and

+I would give it all to know what has become of Mr. Hosmer Angel."

+

+"Why did you come away to consult me in such a hurry?" asked

+Sherlock Holmes, with his finger-tips together and his eyes to

+the ceiling.

+

+Again a startled look came over the somewhat vacuous face of Miss

+Mary Sutherland. "Yes, I did bang out of the house," she said,

+"for it made me angry to see the easy way in which Mr.

+Windibank--that is, my father--took it all. He would not go to

+the police, and he would not go to you, and so at last, as he

+would do nothing and kept on saying that there was no harm done,

+it made me mad, and I just on with my things and came right away

+to you."

+

+"Your father," said Holmes, "your stepfather, surely, since the

+name is different."

+

+"Yes, my stepfather. I call him father, though it sounds funny,

+too, for he is only five years and two months older than myself."

+

+"And your mother is alive?"

+

+"Oh, yes, mother is alive and well. I wasn't best pleased, Mr.

+Holmes, when she married again so soon after father's death, and

+a man who was nearly fifteen years younger than herself. Father

+was a plumber in the Tottenham Court Road, and he left a tidy

+business behind him, which mother carried on with Mr. Hardy, the

+foreman; but when Mr. Windibank came he made her sell the

+business, for he was very superior, being a traveller in wines.

+They got 4700 pounds for the goodwill and interest, which wasn't

+near as much as father could have got if he had been alive."

+

+I had expected to see Sherlock Holmes impatient under this

+rambling and inconsequential narrative, but, on the contrary, he

+had listened with the greatest concentration of attention.

+

+"Your own little income," he asked, "does it come out of the

+business?"

+

+"Oh, no, sir. It is quite separate and was left me by my uncle

+Ned in Auckland. It is in New Zealand stock, paying 4 1/2 per

+cent. Two thousand five hundred pounds was the amount, but I can

+only touch the interest."

+

+"You interest me extremely," said Holmes. "And since you draw so

+large a sum as a hundred a year, with what you earn into the

+bargain, you no doubt travel a little and indulge yourself in

+every way. I believe that a single lady can get on very nicely

+upon an income of about 60 pounds."

+

+"I could do with much less than that, Mr. Holmes, but you

+understand that as long as I live at home I don't wish to be a

+burden to them, and so they have the use of the money just while

+I am staying with them. Of course, that is only just for the

+time. Mr. Windibank draws my interest every quarter and pays it

+over to mother, and I find that I can do pretty well with what I

+earn at typewriting. It brings me twopence a sheet, and I can

+often do from fifteen to twenty sheets in a day."

+

+"You have made your position very clear to me," said Holmes.

+"This is my friend, Dr. Watson, before whom you can speak as

+freely as before myself. Kindly tell us now all about your

+connection with Mr. Hosmer Angel."

+

+A flush stole over Miss Sutherland's face, and she picked

+nervously at the fringe of her jacket. "I met him first at the

+gasfitters' ball," she said. "They used to send father tickets

+when he was alive, and then afterwards they remembered us, and

+sent them to mother. Mr. Windibank did not wish us to go. He

+never did wish us to go anywhere. He would get quite mad if I

+wanted so much as to join a Sunday-school treat. But this time I

+was set on going, and I would go; for what right had he to

+prevent? He said the folk were not fit for us to know, when all

+father's friends were to be there. And he said that I had nothing

+fit to wear, when I had my purple plush that I had never so much

+as taken out of the drawer. At last, when nothing else would do,

+he went off to France upon the business of the firm, but we went,

+mother and I, with Mr. Hardy, who used to be our foreman, and it

+was there I met Mr. Hosmer Angel."

+

+"I suppose," said Holmes, "that when Mr. Windibank came back from

+France he was very annoyed at your having gone to the ball."

+

+"Oh, well, he was very good about it. He laughed, I remember, and

+shrugged his shoulders, and said there was no use denying

+anything to a woman, for she would have her way."

+

+"I see. Then at the gasfitters' ball you met, as I understand, a

+gentleman called Mr. Hosmer Angel."

+

+"Yes, sir. I met him that night, and he called next day to ask if

+we had got home all safe, and after that we met him--that is to

+say, Mr. Holmes, I met him twice for walks, but after that father

+came back again, and Mr. Hosmer Angel could not come to the house

+any more."

+

+"No?"

+

+"Well, you know father didn't like anything of the sort. He

+wouldn't have any visitors if he could help it, and he used to

+say that a woman should be happy in her own family circle. But

+then, as I used to say to mother, a woman wants her own circle to

+begin with, and I had not got mine yet."

+

+"But how about Mr. Hosmer Angel? Did he make no attempt to see

+you?"

+

+"Well, father was going off to France again in a week, and Hosmer

+wrote and said that it would be safer and better not to see each

+other until he had gone. We could write in the meantime, and he

+used to write every day. I took the letters in in the morning, so

+there was no need for father to know."

+

+"Were you engaged to the gentleman at this time?"

+

+"Oh, yes, Mr. Holmes. We were engaged after the first walk that

+we took. Hosmer--Mr. Angel--was a cashier in an office in

+Leadenhall Street--and--"

+

+"What office?"

+

+"That's the worst of it, Mr. Holmes, I don't know."

+

+"Where did he live, then?"

+

+"He slept on the premises."

+

+"And you don't know his address?"

+

+"No--except that it was Leadenhall Street."

+

+"Where did you address your letters, then?"

+

+"To the Leadenhall Street Post Office, to be left till called

+for. He said that if they were sent to the office he would be

+chaffed by all the other clerks about having letters from a lady,

+so I offered to typewrite them, like he did his, but he wouldn't

+have that, for he said that when I wrote them they seemed to come

+from me, but when they were typewritten he always felt that the

+machine had come between us. That will just show you how fond he

+was of me, Mr. Holmes, and the little things that he would think

+of."

+

+"It was most suggestive," said Holmes. "It has long been an axiom

+of mine that the little things are infinitely the most important.

+Can you remember any other little things about Mr. Hosmer Angel?"

+

+"He was a very shy man, Mr. Holmes. He would rather walk with me

+in the evening than in the daylight, for he said that he hated to

+be conspicuous. Very retiring and gentlemanly he was. Even his

+voice was gentle. He'd had the quinsy and swollen glands when he

+was young, he told me, and it had left him with a weak throat,

+and a hesitating, whispering fashion of speech. He was always

+well dressed, very neat and plain, but his eyes were weak, just

+as mine are, and he wore tinted glasses against the glare."

+

+"Well, and what happened when Mr. Windibank, your stepfather,

+returned to France?"

+

+"Mr. Hosmer Angel came to the house again and proposed that we

+should marry before father came back. He was in dreadful earnest

+and made me swear, with my hands on the Testament, that whatever

+happened I would always be true to him. Mother said he was quite

+right to make me swear, and that it was a sign of his passion.

+Mother was all in his favour from the first and was even fonder

+of him than I was. Then, when they talked of marrying within the

+week, I began to ask about father; but they both said never to

+mind about father, but just to tell him afterwards, and mother

+said she would make it all right with him. I didn't quite like

+that, Mr. Holmes. It seemed funny that I should ask his leave, as

+he was only a few years older than me; but I didn't want to do

+anything on the sly, so I wrote to father at Bordeaux, where the

+company has its French offices, but the letter came back to me on

+the very morning of the wedding."

+

+"It missed him, then?"

+

+"Yes, sir; for he had started to England just before it arrived."

+

+"Ha! that was unfortunate. Your wedding was arranged, then, for

+the Friday. Was it to be in church?"

+

+"Yes, sir, but very quietly. It was to be at St. Saviour's, near

+King's Cross, and we were to have breakfast afterwards at the St.

+Pancras Hotel. Hosmer came for us in a hansom, but as there were

+two of us he put us both into it and stepped himself into a

+four-wheeler, which happened to be the only other cab in the

+street. We got to the church first, and when the four-wheeler

+drove up we waited for him to step out, but he never did, and

+when the cabman got down from the box and looked there was no one

+there! The cabman said that he could not imagine what had become

+of him, for he had seen him get in with his own eyes. That was

+last Friday, Mr. Holmes, and I have never seen or heard anything

+since then to throw any light upon what became of him."

+

+"It seems to me that you have been very shamefully treated," said

+Holmes.

+

+"Oh, no, sir! He was too good and kind to leave me so. Why, all

+the morning he was saying to me that, whatever happened, I was to

+be true; and that even if something quite unforeseen occurred to

+separate us, I was always to remember that I was pledged to him,

+and that he would claim his pledge sooner or later. It seemed

+strange talk for a wedding-morning, but what has happened since

+gives a meaning to it."

+

+"Most certainly it does. Your own opinion is, then, that some

+unforeseen catastrophe has occurred to him?"

+

+"Yes, sir. I believe that he foresaw some danger, or else he

+would not have talked so. And then I think that what he foresaw

+happened."

+

+"But you have no notion as to what it could have been?"

+

+"None."

+

+"One more question. How did your mother take the matter?"

+

+"She was angry, and said that I was never to speak of the matter

+again."

+

+"And your father? Did you tell him?"

+

+"Yes; and he seemed to think, with me, that something had

+happened, and that I should hear of Hosmer again. As he said,

+what interest could anyone have in bringing me to the doors of

+the church, and then leaving me? Now, if he had borrowed my

+money, or if he had married me and got my money settled on him,

+there might be some reason, but Hosmer was very independent about

+money and never would look at a shilling of mine. And yet, what

+could have happened? And why could he not write? Oh, it drives me

+half-mad to think of it, and I can't sleep a wink at night." She

+pulled a little handkerchief out of her muff and began to sob

+heavily into it.

+

+"I shall glance into the case for you," said Holmes, rising, "and

+I have no doubt that we shall reach some definite result. Let the

+weight of the matter rest upon me now, and do not let your mind

+dwell upon it further. Above all, try to let Mr. Hosmer Angel

+vanish from your memory, as he has done from your life."

+

+"Then you don't think I'll see him again?"

+

+"I fear not."

+

+"Then what has happened to him?"

+

+"You will leave that question in my hands. I should like an

+accurate description of him and any letters of his which you can

+spare."

+

+"I advertised for him in last Saturday's Chronicle," said she.

+"Here is the slip and here are four letters from him."

+

+"Thank you. And your address?"

+

+"No. 31 Lyon Place, Camberwell."

+

+"Mr. Angel's address you never had, I understand. Where is your

+father's place of business?"

+

+"He travels for Westhouse & Marbank, the great claret importers

+of Fenchurch Street."

+

+"Thank you. You have made your statement very clearly. You will

+leave the papers here, and remember the advice which I have given

+you. Let the whole incident be a sealed book, and do not allow it

+to affect your life."

+

+"You are very kind, Mr. Holmes, but I cannot do that. I shall be

+true to Hosmer. He shall find me ready when he comes back."

+

+For all the preposterous hat and the vacuous face, there was

+something noble in the simple faith of our visitor which

+compelled our respect. She laid her little bundle of papers upon

+the table and went her way, with a promise to come again whenever

+she might be summoned.

+

+Sherlock Holmes sat silent for a few minutes with his fingertips

+still pressed together, his legs stretched out in front of him,

+and his gaze directed upward to the ceiling. Then he took down

+from the rack the old and oily clay pipe, which was to him as a

+counsellor, and, having lit it, he leaned back in his chair, with

+the thick blue cloud-wreaths spinning up from him, and a look of

+infinite languor in his face.

+

+"Quite an interesting study, that maiden," he observed. "I found

+her more interesting than her little problem, which, by the way,

+is rather a trite one. You will find parallel cases, if you

+consult my index, in Andover in '77, and there was something of

+the sort at The Hague last year. Old as is the idea, however,

+there were one or two details which were new to me. But the

+maiden herself was most instructive."

+

+"You appeared to read a good deal upon her which was quite

+invisible to me," I remarked.

+

+"Not invisible but unnoticed, Watson. You did not know where to

+look, and so you missed all that was important. I can never bring

+you to realise the importance of sleeves, the suggestiveness of

+thumb-nails, or the great issues that may hang from a boot-lace.

+Now, what did you gather from that woman's appearance? Describe

+it."

+

+"Well, she had a slate-coloured, broad-brimmed straw hat, with a

+feather of a brickish red. Her jacket was black, with black beads

+sewn upon it, and a fringe of little black jet ornaments. Her

+dress was brown, rather darker than coffee colour, with a little

+purple plush at the neck and sleeves. Her gloves were greyish and

+were worn through at the right forefinger. Her boots I didn't

+observe. She had small round, hanging gold earrings, and a

+general air of being fairly well-to-do in a vulgar, comfortable,

+easy-going way."

+

+Sherlock Holmes clapped his hands softly together and chuckled.

+

+"'Pon my word, Watson, you are coming along wonderfully. You have

+really done very well indeed. It is true that you have missed

+everything of importance, but you have hit upon the method, and

+you have a quick eye for colour. Never trust to general

+impressions, my boy, but concentrate yourself upon details. My

+first glance is always at a woman's sleeve. In a man it is

+perhaps better first to take the knee of the trouser. As you

+observe, this woman had plush upon her sleeves, which is a most

+useful material for showing traces. The double line a little

+above the wrist, where the typewritist presses against the table,

+was beautifully defined. The sewing-machine, of the hand type,

+leaves a similar mark, but only on the left arm, and on the side

+of it farthest from the thumb, instead of being right across the

+broadest part, as this was. I then glanced at her face, and,

+observing the dint of a pince-nez at either side of her nose, I

+ventured a remark upon short sight and typewriting, which seemed

+to surprise her."

+

+"It surprised me."

+

+"But, surely, it was obvious. I was then much surprised and

+interested on glancing down to observe that, though the boots

+which she was wearing were not unlike each other, they were

+really odd ones; the one having a slightly decorated toe-cap, and

+the other a plain one. One was buttoned only in the two lower

+buttons out of five, and the other at the first, third, and

+fifth. Now, when you see that a young lady, otherwise neatly

+dressed, has come away from home with odd boots, half-buttoned,

+it is no great deduction to say that she came away in a hurry."

+

+"And what else?" I asked, keenly interested, as I always was, by

+my friend's incisive reasoning.

+

+"I noted, in passing, that she had written a note before leaving

+home but after being fully dressed. You observed that her right

+glove was torn at the forefinger, but you did not apparently see

+that both glove and finger were stained with violet ink. She had

+written in a hurry and dipped her pen too deep. It must have been

+this morning, or the mark would not remain clear upon the finger.

+All this is amusing, though rather elementary, but I must go back

+to business, Watson. Would you mind reading me the advertised

+description of Mr. Hosmer Angel?"

+

+I held the little printed slip to the light.

+

+"Missing," it said, "on the morning of the fourteenth, a gentleman

+named Hosmer Angel. About five ft. seven in. in height;

+strongly built, sallow complexion, black hair, a little bald in

+the centre, bushy, black side-whiskers and moustache; tinted

+glasses, slight infirmity of speech. Was dressed, when last seen,

+in black frock-coat faced with silk, black waistcoat, gold Albert

+chain, and grey Harris tweed trousers, with brown gaiters over

+elastic-sided boots. Known to have been employed in an office in

+Leadenhall Street. Anybody bringing--"

+

+"That will do," said Holmes. "As to the letters," he continued,

+glancing over them, "they are very commonplace. Absolutely no

+clue in them to Mr. Angel, save that he quotes Balzac once. There

+is one remarkable point, however, which will no doubt strike

+you."

+

+"They are typewritten," I remarked.

+

+"Not only that, but the signature is typewritten. Look at the

+neat little 'Hosmer Angel' at the bottom. There is a date, you

+see, but no superscription except Leadenhall Street, which is

+rather vague. The point about the signature is very suggestive--in

+fact, we may call it conclusive."

+

+"Of what?"

+

+"My dear fellow, is it possible you do not see how strongly it

+bears upon the case?"

+

+"I cannot say that I do unless it were that he wished to be able

+to deny his signature if an action for breach of promise were

+instituted."

+

+"No, that was not the point. However, I shall write two letters,

+which should settle the matter. One is to a firm in the City, the

+other is to the young lady's stepfather, Mr. Windibank, asking

+him whether he could meet us here at six o'clock tomorrow

+evening. It is just as well that we should do business with the

+male relatives. And now, Doctor, we can do nothing until the

+answers to those letters come, so we may put our little problem

+upon the shelf for the interim."

+

+I had had so many reasons to believe in my friend's subtle powers

+of reasoning and extraordinary energy in action that I felt that

+he must have some solid grounds for the assured and easy

+demeanour with which he treated the singular mystery which he had

+been called upon to fathom. Once only had I known him to fail, in

+the case of the King of Bohemia and of the Irene Adler

+photograph; but when I looked back to the weird business of the

+Sign of Four, and the extraordinary circumstances connected with

+the Study in Scarlet, I felt that it would be a strange tangle

+indeed which he could not unravel.

+

+I left him then, still puffing at his black clay pipe, with the

+conviction that when I came again on the next evening I would

+find that he held in his hands all the clues which would lead up

+to the identity of the disappearing bridegroom of Miss Mary

+Sutherland.

+

+A professional case of great gravity was engaging my own

+attention at the time, and the whole of next day I was busy at

+the bedside of the sufferer. It was not until close upon six

+o'clock that I found myself free and was able to spring into a

+hansom and drive to Baker Street, half afraid that I might be too

+late to assist at the dénouement of the little mystery. I found

+Sherlock Holmes alone, however, half asleep, with his long, thin

+form curled up in the recesses of his armchair. A formidable

+array of bottles and test-tubes, with the pungent cleanly smell

+of hydrochloric acid, told me that he had spent his day in the

+chemical work which was so dear to him.

+

+"Well, have you solved it?" I asked as I entered.

+

+"Yes. It was the bisulphate of baryta."

+

+"No, no, the mystery!" I cried.

+

+"Oh, that! I thought of the salt that I have been working upon.

+There was never any mystery in the matter, though, as I said

+yesterday, some of the details are of interest. The only drawback

+is that there is no law, I fear, that can touch the scoundrel."

+

+"Who was he, then, and what was his object in deserting Miss

+Sutherland?"

+

+The question was hardly out of my mouth, and Holmes had not yet

+opened his lips to reply, when we heard a heavy footfall in the

+passage and a tap at the door.

+

+"This is the girl's stepfather, Mr. James Windibank," said

+Holmes. "He has written to me to say that he would be here at

+six. Come in!"

+

+The man who entered was a sturdy, middle-sized fellow, some

+thirty years of age, clean-shaven, and sallow-skinned, with a

+bland, insinuating manner, and a pair of wonderfully sharp and

+penetrating grey eyes. He shot a questioning glance at each of

+us, placed his shiny top-hat upon the sideboard, and with a

+slight bow sidled down into the nearest chair.

+

+"Good-evening, Mr. James Windibank," said Holmes. "I think that

+this typewritten letter is from you, in which you made an

+appointment with me for six o'clock?"

+

+"Yes, sir. I am afraid that I am a little late, but I am not

+quite my own master, you know. I am sorry that Miss Sutherland

+has troubled you about this little matter, for I think it is far

+better not to wash linen of the sort in public. It was quite

+against my wishes that she came, but she is a very excitable,

+impulsive girl, as you may have noticed, and she is not easily

+controlled when she has made up her mind on a point. Of course, I

+did not mind you so much, as you are not connected with the

+official police, but it is not pleasant to have a family

+misfortune like this noised abroad. Besides, it is a useless

+expense, for how could you possibly find this Hosmer Angel?"

+

+"On the contrary," said Holmes quietly; "I have every reason to

+believe that I will succeed in discovering Mr. Hosmer Angel."

+

+Mr. Windibank gave a violent start and dropped his gloves. "I am

+delighted to hear it," he said.

+

+"It is a curious thing," remarked Holmes, "that a typewriter has

+really quite as much individuality as a man's handwriting. Unless

+they are quite new, no two of them write exactly alike. Some

+letters get more worn than others, and some wear only on one

+side. Now, you remark in this note of yours, Mr. Windibank, that

+in every case there is some little slurring over of the 'e,' and

+a slight defect in the tail of the 'r.' There are fourteen other

+characteristics, but those are the more obvious."

+

+"We do all our correspondence with this machine at the office,

+and no doubt it is a little worn," our visitor answered, glancing

+keenly at Holmes with his bright little eyes.

+

+"And now I will show you what is really a very interesting study,

+Mr. Windibank," Holmes continued. "I think of writing another

+little monograph some of these days on the typewriter and its

+relation to crime. It is a subject to which I have devoted some

+little attention. I have here four letters which purport to come

+from the missing man. They are all typewritten. In each case, not

+only are the 'e's' slurred and the 'r's' tailless, but you will

+observe, if you care to use my magnifying lens, that the fourteen

+other characteristics to which I have alluded are there as well."

+

+Mr. Windibank sprang out of his chair and picked up his hat. "I

+cannot waste time over this sort of fantastic talk, Mr. Holmes,"

+he said. "If you can catch the man, catch him, and let me know

+when you have done it."

+

+"Certainly," said Holmes, stepping over and turning the key in

+the door. "I let you know, then, that I have caught him!"

+

+"What! where?" shouted Mr. Windibank, turning white to his lips

+and glancing about him like a rat in a trap.

+

+"Oh, it won't do--really it won't," said Holmes suavely. "There

+is no possible getting out of it, Mr. Windibank. It is quite too

+transparent, and it was a very bad compliment when you said that

+it was impossible for me to solve so simple a question. That's

+right! Sit down and let us talk it over."

+

+Our visitor collapsed into a chair, with a ghastly face and a

+glitter of moisture on his brow. "It--it's not actionable," he

+stammered.

+

+"I am very much afraid that it is not. But between ourselves,

+Windibank, it was as cruel and selfish and heartless a trick in a

+petty way as ever came before me. Now, let me just run over the

+course of events, and you will contradict me if I go wrong."

+

+The man sat huddled up in his chair, with his head sunk upon his

+breast, like one who is utterly crushed. Holmes stuck his feet up

+on the corner of the mantelpiece and, leaning back with his hands

+in his pockets, began talking, rather to himself, as it seemed,

+than to us.

+

+"The man married a woman very much older than himself for her

+money," said he, "and he enjoyed the use of the money of the

+daughter as long as she lived with them. It was a considerable

+sum, for people in their position, and the loss of it would have

+made a serious difference. It was worth an effort to preserve it.

+The daughter was of a good, amiable disposition, but affectionate

+and warm-hearted in her ways, so that it was evident that with

+her fair personal advantages, and her little income, she would

+not be allowed to remain single long. Now her marriage would

+mean, of course, the loss of a hundred a year, so what does her

+stepfather do to prevent it? He takes the obvious course of

+keeping her at home and forbidding her to seek the company of

+people of her own age. But soon he found that that would not

+answer forever. She became restive, insisted upon her rights, and

+finally announced her positive intention of going to a certain

+ball. What does her clever stepfather do then? He conceives an

+idea more creditable to his head than to his heart. With the

+connivance and assistance of his wife he disguised himself,

+covered those keen eyes with tinted glasses, masked the face with

+a moustache and a pair of bushy whiskers, sunk that clear voice

+into an insinuating whisper, and doubly secure on account of the

+girl's short sight, he appears as Mr. Hosmer Angel, and keeps off

+other lovers by making love himself."

+

+"It was only a joke at first," groaned our visitor. "We never

+thought that she would have been so carried away."

+

+"Very likely not. However that may be, the young lady was very

+decidedly carried away, and, having quite made up her mind that

+her stepfather was in France, the suspicion of treachery never

+for an instant entered her mind. She was flattered by the

+gentleman's attentions, and the effect was increased by the

+loudly expressed admiration of her mother. Then Mr. Angel began

+to call, for it was obvious that the matter should be pushed as

+far as it would go if a real effect were to be produced. There

+were meetings, and an engagement, which would finally secure the

+girl's affections from turning towards anyone else. But the

+deception could not be kept up forever. These pretended journeys

+to France were rather cumbrous. The thing to do was clearly to

+bring the business to an end in such a dramatic manner that it

+would leave a permanent impression upon the young lady's mind and

+prevent her from looking upon any other suitor for some time to

+come. Hence those vows of fidelity exacted upon a Testament, and

+hence also the allusions to a possibility of something happening

+on the very morning of the wedding. James Windibank wished Miss

+Sutherland to be so bound to Hosmer Angel, and so uncertain as to

+his fate, that for ten years to come, at any rate, she would not

+listen to another man. As far as the church door he brought her,

+and then, as he could go no farther, he conveniently vanished

+away by the old trick of stepping in at one door of a

+four-wheeler and out at the other. I think that was the chain of

+events, Mr. Windibank!"

+

+Our visitor had recovered something of his assurance while Holmes

+had been talking, and he rose from his chair now with a cold

+sneer upon his pale face.

+

+"It may be so, or it may not, Mr. Holmes," said he, "but if you

+are so very sharp you ought to be sharp enough to know that it is

+you who are breaking the law now, and not me. I have done nothing

+actionable from the first, but as long as you keep that door

+locked you lay yourself open to an action for assault and illegal

+constraint."

+

+"The law cannot, as you say, touch you," said Holmes, unlocking

+and throwing open the door, "yet there never was a man who

+deserved punishment more. If the young lady has a brother or a

+friend, he ought to lay a whip across your shoulders. By Jove!"

+he continued, flushing up at the sight of the bitter sneer upon

+the man's face, "it is not part of my duties to my client, but

+here's a hunting crop handy, and I think I shall just treat

+myself to--" He took two swift steps to the whip, but before he

+could grasp it there was a wild clatter of steps upon the stairs,

+the heavy hall door banged, and from the window we could see Mr.

+James Windibank running at the top of his speed down the road.

+

+"There's a cold-blooded scoundrel!" said Holmes, laughing, as he

+threw himself down into his chair once more. "That fellow will

+rise from crime to crime until he does something very bad, and

+ends on a gallows. The case has, in some respects, been not

+entirely devoid of interest."

+

+"I cannot now entirely see all the steps of your reasoning," I

+remarked.

+

+"Well, of course it was obvious from the first that this Mr.

+Hosmer Angel must have some strong object for his curious

+conduct, and it was equally clear that the only man who really

+profited by the incident, as far as we could see, was the

+stepfather. Then the fact that the two men were never together,

+but that the one always appeared when the other was away, was

+suggestive. So were the tinted spectacles and the curious voice,

+which both hinted at a disguise, as did the bushy whiskers. My

+suspicions were all confirmed by his peculiar action in

+typewriting his signature, which, of course, inferred that his

+handwriting was so familiar to her that she would recognise even

+the smallest sample of it. You see all these isolated facts,

+together with many minor ones, all pointed in the same

+direction."

+

+"And how did you verify them?"

+

+"Having once spotted my man, it was easy to get corroboration. I

+knew the firm for which this man worked. Having taken the printed

+description. I eliminated everything from it which could be the

+result of a disguise--the whiskers, the glasses, the voice, and I

+sent it to the firm, with a request that they would inform me

+whether it answered to the description of any of their

+travellers. I had already noticed the peculiarities of the

+typewriter, and I wrote to the man himself at his business

+address asking him if he would come here. As I expected, his

+reply was typewritten and revealed the same trivial but

+characteristic defects. The same post brought me a letter from

+Westhouse & Marbank, of Fenchurch Street, to say that the

+description tallied in every respect with that of their employé,

+James Windibank. Voilà tout!"

+

+"And Miss Sutherland?"

+

+"If I tell her she will not believe me. You may remember the old

+Persian saying, 'There is danger for him who taketh the tiger

+cub, and danger also for whoso snatches a delusion from a woman.'

+There is as much sense in Hafiz as in Horace, and as much

+knowledge of the world."

+

+

+

+ADVENTURE IV. THE BOSCOMBE VALLEY MYSTERY

+

+We were seated at breakfast one morning, my wife and I, when the

+maid brought in a telegram. It was from Sherlock Holmes and ran

+in this way:

+

+"Have you a couple of days to spare? Have just been wired for from

+the west of England in connection with Boscombe Valley tragedy.

+Shall be glad if you will come with me. Air and scenery perfect.

+Leave Paddington by the 11:15."

+

+"What do you say, dear?" said my wife, looking across at me.

+"Will you go?"

+

+"I really don't know what to say. I have a fairly long list at

+present."

+

+"Oh, Anstruther would do your work for you. You have been looking

+a little pale lately. I think that the change would do you good,

+and you are always so interested in Mr. Sherlock Holmes' cases."

+

+"I should be ungrateful if I were not, seeing what I gained

+through one of them," I answered. "But if I am to go, I must pack

+at once, for I have only half an hour."

+

+My experience of camp life in Afghanistan had at least had the

+effect of making me a prompt and ready traveller. My wants were

+few and simple, so that in less than the time stated I was in a

+cab with my valise, rattling away to Paddington Station. Sherlock

+Holmes was pacing up and down the platform, his tall, gaunt

+figure made even gaunter and taller by his long grey

+travelling-cloak and close-fitting cloth cap.

+

+"It is really very good of you to come, Watson," said he. "It

+makes a considerable difference to me, having someone with me on

+whom I can thoroughly rely. Local aid is always either worthless

+or else biassed. If you will keep the two corner seats I shall

+get the tickets."

+

+We had the carriage to ourselves save for an immense litter of

+papers which Holmes had brought with him. Among these he rummaged

+and read, with intervals of note-taking and of meditation, until

+we were past Reading. Then he suddenly rolled them all into a

+gigantic ball and tossed them up onto the rack.

+

+"Have you heard anything of the case?" he asked.

+

+"Not a word. I have not seen a paper for some days."

+

+"The London press has not had very full accounts. I have just

+been looking through all the recent papers in order to master the

+particulars. It seems, from what I gather, to be one of those

+simple cases which are so extremely difficult."

+

+"That sounds a little paradoxical."

+

+"But it is profoundly true. Singularity is almost invariably a

+clue. The more featureless and commonplace a crime is, the more

+difficult it is to bring it home. In this case, however, they

+have established a very serious case against the son of the

+murdered man."

+

+"It is a murder, then?"

+

+"Well, it is conjectured to be so. I shall take nothing for

+granted until I have the opportunity of looking personally into

+it. I will explain the state of things to you, as far as I have

+been able to understand it, in a very few words.

+

+"Boscombe Valley is a country district not very far from Ross, in

+Herefordshire. The largest landed proprietor in that part is a

+Mr. John Turner, who made his money in Australia and returned

+some years ago to the old country. One of the farms which he

+held, that of Hatherley, was let to Mr. Charles McCarthy, who was

+also an ex-Australian. The men had known each other in the

+colonies, so that it was not unnatural that when they came to

+settle down they should do so as near each other as possible.

+Turner was apparently the richer man, so McCarthy became his

+tenant but still remained, it seems, upon terms of perfect

+equality, as they were frequently together. McCarthy had one son,

+a lad of eighteen, and Turner had an only daughter of the same

+age, but neither of them had wives living. They appear to have

+avoided the society of the neighbouring English families and to

+have led retired lives, though both the McCarthys were fond of

+sport and were frequently seen at the race-meetings of the

+neighbourhood. McCarthy kept two servants--a man and a girl.

+Turner had a considerable household, some half-dozen at the

+least. That is as much as I have been able to gather about the

+families. Now for the facts.

+

+"On June 3rd, that is, on Monday last, McCarthy left his house at

+Hatherley about three in the afternoon and walked down to the

+Boscombe Pool, which is a small lake formed by the spreading out

+of the stream which runs down the Boscombe Valley. He had been

+out with his serving-man in the morning at Ross, and he had told

+the man that he must hurry, as he had an appointment of

+importance to keep at three. From that appointment he never came

+back alive.

+

+"From Hatherley Farm-house to the Boscombe Pool is a quarter of a

+mile, and two people saw him as he passed over this ground. One

+was an old woman, whose name is not mentioned, and the other was

+William Crowder, a game-keeper in the employ of Mr. Turner. Both

+these witnesses depose that Mr. McCarthy was walking alone. The

+game-keeper adds that within a few minutes of his seeing Mr.

+McCarthy pass he had seen his son, Mr. James McCarthy, going the

+same way with a gun under his arm. To the best of his belief, the

+father was actually in sight at the time, and the son was

+following him. He thought no more of the matter until he heard in

+the evening of the tragedy that had occurred.

+

+"The two McCarthys were seen after the time when William Crowder,

+the game-keeper, lost sight of them. The Boscombe Pool is thickly

+wooded round, with just a fringe of grass and of reeds round the

+edge. A girl of fourteen, Patience Moran, who is the daughter of

+the lodge-keeper of the Boscombe Valley estate, was in one of the

+woods picking flowers. She states that while she was there she

+saw, at the border of the wood and close by the lake, Mr.

+McCarthy and his son, and that they appeared to be having a

+violent quarrel. She heard Mr. McCarthy the elder using very

+strong language to his son, and she saw the latter raise up his

+hand as if to strike his father. She was so frightened by their

+violence that she ran away and told her mother when she reached

+home that she had left the two McCarthys quarrelling near

+Boscombe Pool, and that she was afraid that they were going to

+fight. She had hardly said the words when young Mr. McCarthy came

+running up to the lodge to say that he had found his father dead

+in the wood, and to ask for the help of the lodge-keeper. He was

+much excited, without either his gun or his hat, and his right

+hand and sleeve were observed to be stained with fresh blood. On

+following him they found the dead body stretched out upon the

+grass beside the pool. The head had been beaten in by repeated

+blows of some heavy and blunt weapon. The injuries were such as

+might very well have been inflicted by the butt-end of his son's

+gun, which was found lying on the grass within a few paces of the

+body. Under these circumstances the young man was instantly

+arrested, and a verdict of 'wilful murder' having been returned

+at the inquest on Tuesday, he was on Wednesday brought before the

+magistrates at Ross, who have referred the case to the next

+Assizes. Those are the main facts of the case as they came out

+before the coroner and the police-court."

+

+"I could hardly imagine a more damning case," I remarked. "If

+ever circumstantial evidence pointed to a criminal it does so

+here."

+

+"Circumstantial evidence is a very tricky thing," answered Holmes

+thoughtfully. "It may seem to point very straight to one thing,

+but if you shift your own point of view a little, you may find it

+pointing in an equally uncompromising manner to something

+entirely different. It must be confessed, however, that the case

+looks exceedingly grave against the young man, and it is very

+possible that he is indeed the culprit. There are several people

+in the neighbourhood, however, and among them Miss Turner, the

+daughter of the neighbouring landowner, who believe in his

+innocence, and who have retained Lestrade, whom you may recollect

+in connection with the Study in Scarlet, to work out the case in

+his interest. Lestrade, being rather puzzled, has referred the

+case to me, and hence it is that two middle-aged gentlemen are

+flying westward at fifty miles an hour instead of quietly

+digesting their breakfasts at home."

+

+"I am afraid," said I, "that the facts are so obvious that you

+will find little credit to be gained out of this case."

+

+"There is nothing more deceptive than an obvious fact," he

+answered, laughing. "Besides, we may chance to hit upon some

+other obvious facts which may have been by no means obvious to

+Mr. Lestrade. You know me too well to think that I am boasting

+when I say that I shall either confirm or destroy his theory by

+means which he is quite incapable of employing, or even of

+understanding. To take the first example to hand, I very clearly

+perceive that in your bedroom the window is upon the right-hand

+side, and yet I question whether Mr. Lestrade would have noted

+even so self-evident a thing as that."

+

+"How on earth--"

+

+"My dear fellow, I know you well. I know the military neatness

+which characterises you. You shave every morning, and in this

+season you shave by the sunlight; but since your shaving is less

+and less complete as we get farther back on the left side, until

+it becomes positively slovenly as we get round the angle of the

+jaw, it is surely very clear that that side is less illuminated

+than the other. I could not imagine a man of your habits looking

+at himself in an equal light and being satisfied with such a

+result. I only quote this as a trivial example of observation and

+inference. Therein lies my métier, and it is just possible that

+it may be of some service in the investigation which lies before

+us. There are one or two minor points which were brought out in

+the inquest, and which are worth considering."

+

+"What are they?"

+

+"It appears that his arrest did not take place at once, but after

+the return to Hatherley Farm. On the inspector of constabulary

+informing him that he was a prisoner, he remarked that he was not

+surprised to hear it, and that it was no more than his deserts.

+This observation of his had the natural effect of removing any

+traces of doubt which might have remained in the minds of the

+coroner's jury."

+

+"It was a confession," I ejaculated.

+

+"No, for it was followed by a protestation of innocence."

+

+"Coming on the top of such a damning series of events, it was at

+least a most suspicious remark."

+

+"On the contrary," said Holmes, "it is the brightest rift which I

+can at present see in the clouds. However innocent he might be,

+he could not be such an absolute imbecile as not to see that the

+circumstances were very black against him. Had he appeared

+surprised at his own arrest, or feigned indignation at it, I

+should have looked upon it as highly suspicious, because such

+surprise or anger would not be natural under the circumstances,

+and yet might appear to be the best policy to a scheming man. His

+frank acceptance of the situation marks him as either an innocent

+man, or else as a man of considerable self-restraint and

+firmness. As to his remark about his deserts, it was also not

+unnatural if you consider that he stood beside the dead body of

+his father, and that there is no doubt that he had that very day

+so far forgotten his filial duty as to bandy words with him, and

+even, according to the little girl whose evidence is so

+important, to raise his hand as if to strike him. The

+self-reproach and contrition which are displayed in his remark

+appear to me to be the signs of a healthy mind rather than of a

+guilty one."

+

+I shook my head. "Many men have been hanged on far slighter

+evidence," I remarked.

+

+"So they have. And many men have been wrongfully hanged."

+

+"What is the young man's own account of the matter?"

+

+"It is, I am afraid, not very encouraging to his supporters,

+though there are one or two points in it which are suggestive.

+You will find it here, and may read it for yourself."

+

+He picked out from his bundle a copy of the local Herefordshire

+paper, and having turned down the sheet he pointed out the

+paragraph in which the unfortunate young man had given his own

+statement of what had occurred. I settled myself down in the

+corner of the carriage and read it very carefully. It ran in this

+way:

+

+"Mr. James McCarthy, the only son of the deceased, was then called

+and gave evidence as follows: 'I had been away from home for

+three days at Bristol, and had only just returned upon the

+morning of last Monday, the 3rd. My father was absent from home at

+the time of my arrival, and I was informed by the maid that he

+had driven over to Ross with John Cobb, the groom. Shortly after

+my return I heard the wheels of his trap in the yard, and,

+looking out of my window, I saw him get out and walk rapidly out

+of the yard, though I was not aware in which direction he was

+going. I then took my gun and strolled out in the direction of

+the Boscombe Pool, with the intention of visiting the rabbit

+warren which is upon the other side. On my way I saw William

+Crowder, the game-keeper, as he had stated in his evidence; but

+he is mistaken in thinking that I was following my father. I had

+no idea that he was in front of me. When about a hundred yards

+from the pool I heard a cry of "Cooee!" which was a usual signal

+between my father and myself. I then hurried forward, and found

+him standing by the pool. He appeared to be much surprised at

+seeing me and asked me rather roughly what I was doing there. A

+conversation ensued which led to high words and almost to blows,

+for my father was a man of a very violent temper. Seeing that his

+passion was becoming ungovernable, I left him and returned

+towards Hatherley Farm. I had not gone more than 150 yards,

+however, when I heard a hideous outcry behind me, which caused me

+to run back again. I found my father expiring upon the ground,

+with his head terribly injured. I dropped my gun and held him in

+my arms, but he almost instantly expired. I knelt beside him for

+some minutes, and then made my way to Mr. Turner's lodge-keeper,

+his house being the nearest, to ask for assistance. I saw no one

+near my father when I returned, and I have no idea how he came by

+his injuries. He was not a popular man, being somewhat cold and

+forbidding in his manners, but he had, as far as I know, no

+active enemies. I know nothing further of the matter.'

+

+"The Coroner: Did your father make any statement to you before

+he died?

+

+"Witness: He mumbled a few words, but I could only catch some

+allusion to a rat.

+

+"The Coroner: What did you understand by that?

+

+"Witness: It conveyed no meaning to me. I thought that he was

+delirious.

+

+"The Coroner: What was the point upon which you and your father

+had this final quarrel?

+

+"Witness: I should prefer not to answer.

+

+"The Coroner: I am afraid that I must press it.

+

+"Witness: It is really impossible for me to tell you. I can

+assure you that it has nothing to do with the sad tragedy which

+followed.

+

+"The Coroner: That is for the court to decide. I need not point

+out to you that your refusal to answer will prejudice your case

+considerably in any future proceedings which may arise.

+

+"Witness: I must still refuse.

+

+"The Coroner: I understand that the cry of 'Cooee' was a common

+signal between you and your father?

+

+"Witness: It was.

+

+"The Coroner: How was it, then, that he uttered it before he saw

+you, and before he even knew that you had returned from Bristol?

+

+"Witness (with considerable confusion): I do not know.

+

+"A Juryman: Did you see nothing which aroused your suspicions

+when you returned on hearing the cry and found your father

+fatally injured?

+

+"Witness: Nothing definite.

+

+"The Coroner: What do you mean?

+

+"Witness: I was so disturbed and excited as I rushed out into

+the open, that I could think of nothing except of my father. Yet

+I have a vague impression that as I ran forward something lay

+upon the ground to the left of me. It seemed to me to be

+something grey in colour, a coat of some sort, or a plaid perhaps.

+When I rose from my father I looked round for it, but it was

+gone.

+

+"'Do you mean that it disappeared before you went for help?'

+

+"'Yes, it was gone.'

+

+"'You cannot say what it was?'

+

+"'No, I had a feeling something was there.'

+

+"'How far from the body?'

+

+"'A dozen yards or so.'

+

+"'And how far from the edge of the wood?'

+

+"'About the same.'

+

+"'Then if it was removed it was while you were within a dozen

+yards of it?'

+

+"'Yes, but with my back towards it.'

+

+"This concluded the examination of the witness."

+

+"I see," said I as I glanced down the column, "that the coroner

+in his concluding remarks was rather severe upon young McCarthy.

+He calls attention, and with reason, to the discrepancy about his

+father having signalled to him before seeing him, also to his

+refusal to give details of his conversation with his father, and

+his singular account of his father's dying words. They are all,

+as he remarks, very much against the son."

+

+Holmes laughed softly to himself and stretched himself out upon

+the cushioned seat. "Both you and the coroner have been at some

+pains," said he, "to single out the very strongest points in the

+young man's favour. Don't you see that you alternately give him

+credit for having too much imagination and too little? Too

+little, if he could not invent a cause of quarrel which would

+give him the sympathy of the jury; too much, if he evolved from

+his own inner consciousness anything so outré as a dying

+reference to a rat, and the incident of the vanishing cloth. No,

+sir, I shall approach this case from the point of view that what

+this young man says is true, and we shall see whither that

+hypothesis will lead us. And now here is my pocket Petrarch, and

+not another word shall I say of this case until we are on the

+scene of action. We lunch at Swindon, and I see that we shall be

+there in twenty minutes."

+

+It was nearly four o'clock when we at last, after passing through

+the beautiful Stroud Valley, and over the broad gleaming Severn,

+found ourselves at the pretty little country-town of Ross. A

+lean, ferret-like man, furtive and sly-looking, was waiting for

+us upon the platform. In spite of the light brown dustcoat and

+leather-leggings which he wore in deference to his rustic

+surroundings, I had no difficulty in recognising Lestrade, of

+Scotland Yard. With him we drove to the Hereford Arms where a

+room had already been engaged for us.

+

+"I have ordered a carriage," said Lestrade as we sat over a cup

+of tea. "I knew your energetic nature, and that you would not be

+happy until you had been on the scene of the crime."

+

+"It was very nice and complimentary of you," Holmes answered. "It

+is entirely a question of barometric pressure."

+

+Lestrade looked startled. "I do not quite follow," he said.

+

+"How is the glass? Twenty-nine, I see. No wind, and not a cloud

+in the sky. I have a caseful of cigarettes here which need

+smoking, and the sofa is very much superior to the usual country

+hotel abomination. I do not think that it is probable that I

+shall use the carriage to-night."

+

+Lestrade laughed indulgently. "You have, no doubt, already formed

+your conclusions from the newspapers," he said. "The case is as

+plain as a pikestaff, and the more one goes into it the plainer

+it becomes. Still, of course, one can't refuse a lady, and such a

+very positive one, too. She has heard of you, and would have your

+opinion, though I repeatedly told her that there was nothing

+which you could do which I had not already done. Why, bless my

+soul! here is her carriage at the door."

+

+He had hardly spoken before there rushed into the room one of the

+most lovely young women that I have ever seen in my life. Her

+violet eyes shining, her lips parted, a pink flush upon her

+cheeks, all thought of her natural reserve lost in her

+overpowering excitement and concern.

+

+"Oh, Mr. Sherlock Holmes!" she cried, glancing from one to the

+other of us, and finally, with a woman's quick intuition,

+fastening upon my companion, "I am so glad that you have come. I

+have driven down to tell you so. I know that James didn't do it.

+I know it, and I want you to start upon your work knowing it,

+too. Never let yourself doubt upon that point. We have known each

+other since we were little children, and I know his faults as no

+one else does; but he is too tender-hearted to hurt a fly. Such a

+charge is absurd to anyone who really knows him."

+

+"I hope we may clear him, Miss Turner," said Sherlock Holmes.

+"You may rely upon my doing all that I can."

+

+"But you have read the evidence. You have formed some conclusion?

+Do you not see some loophole, some flaw? Do you not yourself

+think that he is innocent?"

+

+"I think that it is very probable."

+

+"There, now!" she cried, throwing back her head and looking

+defiantly at Lestrade. "You hear! He gives me hopes."

+

+Lestrade shrugged his shoulders. "I am afraid that my colleague

+has been a little quick in forming his conclusions," he said.

+

+"But he is right. Oh! I know that he is right. James never did

+it. And about his quarrel with his father, I am sure that the

+reason why he would not speak about it to the coroner was because

+I was concerned in it."

+

+"In what way?" asked Holmes.

+

+"It is no time for me to hide anything. James and his father had

+many disagreements about me. Mr. McCarthy was very anxious that

+there should be a marriage between us. James and I have always

+loved each other as brother and sister; but of course he is young

+and has seen very little of life yet, and--and--well, he

+naturally did not wish to do anything like that yet. So there

+were quarrels, and this, I am sure, was one of them."

+

+"And your father?" asked Holmes. "Was he in favour of such a

+union?"

+

+"No, he was averse to it also. No one but Mr. McCarthy was in

+favour of it." A quick blush passed over her fresh young face as

+Holmes shot one of his keen, questioning glances at her.

+

+"Thank you for this information," said he. "May I see your father

+if I call to-morrow?"

+

+"I am afraid the doctor won't allow it."

+

+"The doctor?"

+

+"Yes, have you not heard? Poor father has never been strong for

+years back, but this has broken him down completely. He has taken

+to his bed, and Dr. Willows says that he is a wreck and that his

+nervous system is shattered. Mr. McCarthy was the only man alive

+who had known dad in the old days in Victoria."

+

+"Ha! In Victoria! That is important."

+

+"Yes, at the mines."

+

+"Quite so; at the gold-mines, where, as I understand, Mr. Turner

+made his money."

+

+"Yes, certainly."

+

+"Thank you, Miss Turner. You have been of material assistance to

+me."

+

+"You will tell me if you have any news to-morrow. No doubt you

+will go to the prison to see James. Oh, if you do, Mr. Holmes, do

+tell him that I know him to be innocent."

+

+"I will, Miss Turner."

+

+"I must go home now, for dad is very ill, and he misses me so if

+I leave him. Good-bye, and God help you in your undertaking." She

+hurried from the room as impulsively as she had entered, and we

+heard the wheels of her carriage rattle off down the street.

+

+"I am ashamed of you, Holmes," said Lestrade with dignity after a

+few minutes' silence. "Why should you raise up hopes which you

+are bound to disappoint? I am not over-tender of heart, but I

+call it cruel."

+

+"I think that I see my way to clearing James McCarthy," said

+Holmes. "Have you an order to see him in prison?"

+

+"Yes, but only for you and me."

+

+"Then I shall reconsider my resolution about going out. We have

+still time to take a train to Hereford and see him to-night?"

+

+"Ample."

+

+"Then let us do so. Watson, I fear that you will find it very

+slow, but I shall only be away a couple of hours."

+

+I walked down to the station with them, and then wandered through

+the streets of the little town, finally returning to the hotel,

+where I lay upon the sofa and tried to interest myself in a

+yellow-backed novel. The puny plot of the story was so thin,

+however, when compared to the deep mystery through which we were

+groping, and I found my attention wander so continually from the

+action to the fact, that I at last flung it across the room and

+gave myself up entirely to a consideration of the events of the

+day. Supposing that this unhappy young man's story were

+absolutely true, then what hellish thing, what absolutely

+unforeseen and extraordinary calamity could have occurred between

+the time when he parted from his father, and the moment when,

+drawn back by his screams, he rushed into the glade? It was

+something terrible and deadly. What could it be? Might not the

+nature of the injuries reveal something to my medical instincts?

+I rang the bell and called for the weekly county paper, which

+contained a verbatim account of the inquest. In the surgeon's

+deposition it was stated that the posterior third of the left

+parietal bone and the left half of the occipital bone had been

+shattered by a heavy blow from a blunt weapon. I marked the spot

+upon my own head. Clearly such a blow must have been struck from

+behind. That was to some extent in favour of the accused, as when

+seen quarrelling he was face to face with his father. Still, it

+did not go for very much, for the older man might have turned his

+back before the blow fell. Still, it might be worth while to call

+Holmes' attention to it. Then there was the peculiar dying

+reference to a rat. What could that mean? It could not be

+delirium. A man dying from a sudden blow does not commonly become

+delirious. No, it was more likely to be an attempt to explain how

+he met his fate. But what could it indicate? I cudgelled my

+brains to find some possible explanation. And then the incident

+of the grey cloth seen by young McCarthy. If that were true the

+murderer must have dropped some part of his dress, presumably his

+overcoat, in his flight, and must have had the hardihood to

+return and to carry it away at the instant when the son was

+kneeling with his back turned not a dozen paces off. What a

+tissue of mysteries and improbabilities the whole thing was! I

+did not wonder at Lestrade's opinion, and yet I had so much faith

+in Sherlock Holmes' insight that I could not lose hope as long

+as every fresh fact seemed to strengthen his conviction of young

+McCarthy's innocence.

+

+It was late before Sherlock Holmes returned. He came back alone,

+for Lestrade was staying in lodgings in the town.

+

+"The glass still keeps very high," he remarked as he sat down.

+"It is of importance that it should not rain before we are able

+to go over the ground. On the other hand, a man should be at his

+very best and keenest for such nice work as that, and I did not

+wish to do it when fagged by a long journey. I have seen young

+McCarthy."

+

+"And what did you learn from him?"

+

+"Nothing."

+

+"Could he throw no light?"

+

+"None at all. I was inclined to think at one time that he knew

+who had done it and was screening him or her, but I am convinced

+now that he is as puzzled as everyone else. He is not a very

+quick-witted youth, though comely to look at and, I should think,

+sound at heart."

+

+"I cannot admire his taste," I remarked, "if it is indeed a fact

+that he was averse to a marriage with so charming a young lady as

+this Miss Turner."

+

+"Ah, thereby hangs a rather painful tale. This fellow is madly,

+insanely, in love with her, but some two years ago, when he was

+only a lad, and before he really knew her, for she had been away

+five years at a boarding-school, what does the idiot do but get

+into the clutches of a barmaid in Bristol and marry her at a

+registry office? No one knows a word of the matter, but you can

+imagine how maddening it must be to him to be upbraided for not

+doing what he would give his very eyes to do, but what he knows

+to be absolutely impossible. It was sheer frenzy of this sort

+which made him throw his hands up into the air when his father,

+at their last interview, was goading him on to propose to Miss

+Turner. On the other hand, he had no means of supporting himself,

+and his father, who was by all accounts a very hard man, would

+have thrown him over utterly had he known the truth. It was with

+his barmaid wife that he had spent the last three days in

+Bristol, and his father did not know where he was. Mark that

+point. It is of importance. Good has come out of evil, however,

+for the barmaid, finding from the papers that he is in serious

+trouble and likely to be hanged, has thrown him over utterly and

+has written to him to say that she has a husband already in the

+Bermuda Dockyard, so that there is really no tie between them. I

+think that that bit of news has consoled young McCarthy for all

+that he has suffered."

+

+"But if he is innocent, who has done it?"

+

+"Ah! who? I would call your attention very particularly to two

+points. One is that the murdered man had an appointment with

+someone at the pool, and that the someone could not have been his

+son, for his son was away, and he did not know when he would

+return. The second is that the murdered man was heard to cry

+'Cooee!' before he knew that his son had returned. Those are the

+crucial points upon which the case depends. And now let us talk

+about George Meredith, if you please, and we shall leave all

+minor matters until to-morrow."

+

+There was no rain, as Holmes had foretold, and the morning broke

+bright and cloudless. At nine o'clock Lestrade called for us with

+the carriage, and we set off for Hatherley Farm and the Boscombe

+Pool.

+

+"There is serious news this morning," Lestrade observed. "It is

+said that Mr. Turner, of the Hall, is so ill that his life is

+despaired of."

+

+"An elderly man, I presume?" said Holmes.

+

+"About sixty; but his constitution has been shattered by his life

+abroad, and he has been in failing health for some time. This

+business has had a very bad effect upon him. He was an old friend

+of McCarthy's, and, I may add, a great benefactor to him, for I

+have learned that he gave him Hatherley Farm rent free."

+

+"Indeed! That is interesting," said Holmes.

+

+"Oh, yes! In a hundred other ways he has helped him. Everybody

+about here speaks of his kindness to him."

+

+"Really! Does it not strike you as a little singular that this

+McCarthy, who appears to have had little of his own, and to have

+been under such obligations to Turner, should still talk of

+marrying his son to Turner's daughter, who is, presumably,

+heiress to the estate, and that in such a very cocksure manner,

+as if it were merely a case of a proposal and all else would

+follow? It is the more strange, since we know that Turner himself

+was averse to the idea. The daughter told us as much. Do you not

+deduce something from that?"

+

+"We have got to the deductions and the inferences," said

+Lestrade, winking at me. "I find it hard enough to tackle facts,

+Holmes, without flying away after theories and fancies."

+

+"You are right," said Holmes demurely; "you do find it very hard

+to tackle the facts."

+

+"Anyhow, I have grasped one fact which you seem to find it

+difficult to get hold of," replied Lestrade with some warmth.

+

+"And that is--"

+

+"That McCarthy senior met his death from McCarthy junior and that

+all theories to the contrary are the merest moonshine."

+

+"Well, moonshine is a brighter thing than fog," said Holmes,

+laughing. "But I am very much mistaken if this is not Hatherley

+Farm upon the left."

+

+"Yes, that is it." It was a widespread, comfortable-looking

+building, two-storied, slate-roofed, with great yellow blotches

+of lichen upon the grey walls. The drawn blinds and the smokeless

+chimneys, however, gave it a stricken look, as though the weight

+of this horror still lay heavy upon it. We called at the door,

+when the maid, at Holmes' request, showed us the boots which her

+master wore at the time of his death, and also a pair of the

+son's, though not the pair which he had then had. Having measured

+these very carefully from seven or eight different points, Holmes

+desired to be led to the court-yard, from which we all followed

+the winding track which led to Boscombe Pool.

+

+Sherlock Holmes was transformed when he was hot upon such a scent

+as this. Men who had only known the quiet thinker and logician of

+Baker Street would have failed to recognise him. His face flushed

+and darkened. His brows were drawn into two hard black lines,

+while his eyes shone out from beneath them with a steely glitter.

+His face was bent downward, his shoulders bowed, his lips

+compressed, and the veins stood out like whipcord in his long,

+sinewy neck. His nostrils seemed to dilate with a purely animal

+lust for the chase, and his mind was so absolutely concentrated

+upon the matter before him that a question or remark fell

+unheeded upon his ears, or, at the most, only provoked a quick,

+impatient snarl in reply. Swiftly and silently he made his way

+along the track which ran through the meadows, and so by way of

+the woods to the Boscombe Pool. It was damp, marshy ground, as is

+all that district, and there were marks of many feet, both upon

+the path and amid the short grass which bounded it on either

+side. Sometimes Holmes would hurry on, sometimes stop dead, and

+once he made quite a little detour into the meadow. Lestrade and

+I walked behind him, the detective indifferent and contemptuous,

+while I watched my friend with the interest which sprang from the

+conviction that every one of his actions was directed towards a

+definite end.

+

+The Boscombe Pool, which is a little reed-girt sheet of water

+some fifty yards across, is situated at the boundary between the

+Hatherley Farm and the private park of the wealthy Mr. Turner.

+Above the woods which lined it upon the farther side we could see

+the red, jutting pinnacles which marked the site of the rich

+landowner's dwelling. On the Hatherley side of the pool the woods

+grew very thick, and there was a narrow belt of sodden grass

+twenty paces across between the edge of the trees and the reeds

+which lined the lake. Lestrade showed us the exact spot at which

+the body had been found, and, indeed, so moist was the ground,

+that I could plainly see the traces which had been left by the

+fall of the stricken man. To Holmes, as I could see by his eager

+face and peering eyes, very many other things were to be read

+upon the trampled grass. He ran round, like a dog who is picking

+up a scent, and then turned upon my companion.

+

+"What did you go into the pool for?" he asked.

+

+"I fished about with a rake. I thought there might be some weapon

+or other trace. But how on earth--"

+

+"Oh, tut, tut! I have no time! That left foot of yours with its

+inward twist is all over the place. A mole could trace it, and

+there it vanishes among the reeds. Oh, how simple it would all

+have been had I been here before they came like a herd of buffalo

+and wallowed all over it. Here is where the party with the

+lodge-keeper came, and they have covered all tracks for six or

+eight feet round the body. But here are three separate tracks of

+the same feet." He drew out a lens and lay down upon his

+waterproof to have a better view, talking all the time rather to

+himself than to us. "These are young McCarthy's feet. Twice he

+was walking, and once he ran swiftly, so that the soles are

+deeply marked and the heels hardly visible. That bears out his

+story. He ran when he saw his father on the ground. Then here are

+the father's feet as he paced up and down. What is this, then? It

+is the butt-end of the gun as the son stood listening. And this?

+Ha, ha! What have we here? Tiptoes! tiptoes! Square, too, quite

+unusual boots! They come, they go, they come again--of course

+that was for the cloak. Now where did they come from?" He ran up

+and down, sometimes losing, sometimes finding the track until we

+were well within the edge of the wood and under the shadow of a

+great beech, the largest tree in the neighbourhood. Holmes traced

+his way to the farther side of this and lay down once more upon

+his face with a little cry of satisfaction. For a long time he

+remained there, turning over the leaves and dried sticks,

+gathering up what seemed to me to be dust into an envelope and

+examining with his lens not only the ground but even the bark of

+the tree as far as he could reach. A jagged stone was lying among

+the moss, and this also he carefully examined and retained. Then

+he followed a pathway through the wood until he came to the

+highroad, where all traces were lost.

+

+"It has been a case of considerable interest," he remarked,

+returning to his natural manner. "I fancy that this grey house on

+the right must be the lodge. I think that I will go in and have a

+word with Moran, and perhaps write a little note. Having done

+that, we may drive back to our luncheon. You may walk to the cab,

+and I shall be with you presently."

+

+It was about ten minutes before we regained our cab and drove

+back into Ross, Holmes still carrying with him the stone which he

+had picked up in the wood.

+

+"This may interest you, Lestrade," he remarked, holding it out.

+"The murder was done with it."

+

+"I see no marks."

+

+"There are none."

+

+"How do you know, then?"

+

+"The grass was growing under it. It had only lain there a few

+days. There was no sign of a place whence it had been taken. It

+corresponds with the injuries. There is no sign of any other

+weapon."

+

+"And the murderer?"

+

+"Is a tall man, left-handed, limps with the right leg, wears

+thick-soled shooting-boots and a grey cloak, smokes Indian

+cigars, uses a cigar-holder, and carries a blunt pen-knife in his

+pocket. There are several other indications, but these may be

+enough to aid us in our search."

+

+Lestrade laughed. "I am afraid that I am still a sceptic," he

+said. "Theories are all very well, but we have to deal with a

+hard-headed British jury."

+

+"Nous verrons," answered Holmes calmly. "You work your own

+method, and I shall work mine. I shall be busy this afternoon,

+and shall probably return to London by the evening train."

+

+"And leave your case unfinished?"

+

+"No, finished."

+

+"But the mystery?"

+

+"It is solved."

+

+"Who was the criminal, then?"

+

+"The gentleman I describe."

+

+"But who is he?"

+

+"Surely it would not be difficult to find out. This is not such a

+populous neighbourhood."

+

+Lestrade shrugged his shoulders. "I am a practical man," he said,

+"and I really cannot undertake to go about the country looking

+for a left-handed gentleman with a game leg. I should become the

+laughing-stock of Scotland Yard."

+

+"All right," said Holmes quietly. "I have given you the chance.

+Here are your lodgings. Good-bye. I shall drop you a line before

+I leave."

+

+Having left Lestrade at his rooms, we drove to our hotel, where

+we found lunch upon the table. Holmes was silent and buried in

+thought with a pained expression upon his face, as one who finds

+himself in a perplexing position.

+

+"Look here, Watson," he said when the cloth was cleared "just sit

+down in this chair and let me preach to you for a little. I don't

+know quite what to do, and I should value your advice. Light a

+cigar and let me expound."

+

+ "Pray do so."

+

+"Well, now, in considering this case there are two points about

+young McCarthy's narrative which struck us both instantly,

+although they impressed me in his favour and you against him. One

+was the fact that his father should, according to his account,

+cry 'Cooee!' before seeing him. The other was his singular dying

+reference to a rat. He mumbled several words, you understand, but

+that was all that caught the son's ear. Now from this double

+point our research must commence, and we will begin it by

+presuming that what the lad says is absolutely true."

+

+"What of this 'Cooee!' then?"

+

+"Well, obviously it could not have been meant for the son. The

+son, as far as he knew, was in Bristol. It was mere chance that

+he was within earshot. The 'Cooee!' was meant to attract the

+attention of whoever it was that he had the appointment with. But

+'Cooee' is a distinctly Australian cry, and one which is used

+between Australians. There is a strong presumption that the

+person whom McCarthy expected to meet him at Boscombe Pool was

+someone who had been in Australia."

+

+"What of the rat, then?"

+

+Sherlock Holmes took a folded paper from his pocket and flattened

+it out on the table. "This is a map of the Colony of Victoria,"

+he said. "I wired to Bristol for it last night." He put his hand

+over part of the map. "What do you read?"

+

+"ARAT," I read.

+

+"And now?" He raised his hand.

+

+"BALLARAT."

+

+"Quite so. That was the word the man uttered, and of which his

+son only caught the last two syllables. He was trying to utter

+the name of his murderer. So and so, of Ballarat."

+

+"It is wonderful!" I exclaimed.

+

+"It is obvious. And now, you see, I had narrowed the field down

+considerably. The possession of a grey garment was a third point

+which, granting the son's statement to be correct, was a

+certainty. We have come now out of mere vagueness to the definite

+conception of an Australian from Ballarat with a grey cloak."

+

+"Certainly."

+

+"And one who was at home in the district, for the pool can only

+be approached by the farm or by the estate, where strangers could

+hardly wander."

+

+"Quite so."

+

+"Then comes our expedition of to-day. By an examination of the

+ground I gained the trifling details which I gave to that

+imbecile Lestrade, as to the personality of the criminal."

+

+"But how did you gain them?"

+

+"You know my method. It is founded upon the observation of

+trifles."

+

+"His height I know that you might roughly judge from the length

+of his stride. His boots, too, might be told from their traces."

+

+"Yes, they were peculiar boots."

+

+"But his lameness?"

+

+"The impression of his right foot was always less distinct than

+his left. He put less weight upon it. Why? Because he limped--he

+was lame."

+

+"But his left-handedness."

+

+"You were yourself struck by the nature of the injury as recorded

+by the surgeon at the inquest. The blow was struck from

+immediately behind, and yet was upon the left side. Now, how can

+that be unless it were by a left-handed man? He had stood behind

+that tree during the interview between the father and son. He had

+even smoked there. I found the ash of a cigar, which my special

+knowledge of tobacco ashes enables me to pronounce as an Indian

+cigar. I have, as you know, devoted some attention to this, and

+written a little monograph on the ashes of 140 different

+varieties of pipe, cigar, and cigarette tobacco. Having found the

+ash, I then looked round and discovered the stump among the moss

+where he had tossed it. It was an Indian cigar, of the variety

+which are rolled in Rotterdam."

+

+"And the cigar-holder?"

+

+"I could see that the end had not been in his mouth. Therefore he

+used a holder. The tip had been cut off, not bitten off, but the

+cut was not a clean one, so I deduced a blunt pen-knife."

+

+"Holmes," I said, "you have drawn a net round this man from which

+he cannot escape, and you have saved an innocent human life as

+truly as if you had cut the cord which was hanging him. I see the

+direction in which all this points. The culprit is--"

+

+"Mr. John Turner," cried the hotel waiter, opening the door of

+our sitting-room, and ushering in a visitor.

+

+The man who entered was a strange and impressive figure. His

+slow, limping step and bowed shoulders gave the appearance of

+decrepitude, and yet his hard, deep-lined, craggy features, and

+his enormous limbs showed that he was possessed of unusual

+strength of body and of character. His tangled beard, grizzled

+hair, and outstanding, drooping eyebrows combined to give an air

+of dignity and power to his appearance, but his face was of an

+ashen white, while his lips and the corners of his nostrils were

+tinged with a shade of blue. It was clear to me at a glance that

+he was in the grip of some deadly and chronic disease.

+

+"Pray sit down on the sofa," said Holmes gently. "You had my

+note?"

+

+"Yes, the lodge-keeper brought it up. You said that you wished to

+see me here to avoid scandal."

+

+"I thought people would talk if I went to the Hall."

+

+"And why did you wish to see me?" He looked across at my

+companion with despair in his weary eyes, as though his question

+was already answered.

+

+"Yes," said Holmes, answering the look rather than the words. "It

+is so. I know all about McCarthy."

+

+The old man sank his face in his hands. "God help me!" he cried.

+"But I would not have let the young man come to harm. I give you

+my word that I would have spoken out if it went against him at

+the Assizes."

+

+"I am glad to hear you say so," said Holmes gravely.

+

+"I would have spoken now had it not been for my dear girl. It

+would break her heart--it will break her heart when she hears

+that I am arrested."

+

+"It may not come to that," said Holmes.

+

+"What?"

+

+"I am no official agent. I understand that it was your daughter

+who required my presence here, and I am acting in her interests.

+Young McCarthy must be got off, however."

+

+"I am a dying man," said old Turner. "I have had diabetes for

+years. My doctor says it is a question whether I shall live a

+month. Yet I would rather die under my own roof than in a gaol."

+

+Holmes rose and sat down at the table with his pen in his hand

+and a bundle of paper before him. "Just tell us the truth," he

+said. "I shall jot down the facts. You will sign it, and Watson

+here can witness it. Then I could produce your confession at the

+last extremity to save young McCarthy. I promise you that I shall

+not use it unless it is absolutely needed."

+

+"It's as well," said the old man; "it's a question whether I

+shall live to the Assizes, so it matters little to me, but I

+should wish to spare Alice the shock. And now I will make the

+thing clear to you; it has been a long time in the acting, but

+will not take me long to tell.

+

+"You didn't know this dead man, McCarthy. He was a devil

+incarnate. I tell you that. God keep you out of the clutches of

+such a man as he. His grip has been upon me these twenty years,

+and he has blasted my life. I'll tell you first how I came to be

+in his power.

+

+"It was in the early '60's at the diggings. I was a young chap

+then, hot-blooded and reckless, ready to turn my hand at

+anything; I got among bad companions, took to drink, had no luck

+with my claim, took to the bush, and in a word became what you

+would call over here a highway robber. There were six of us, and

+we had a wild, free life of it, sticking up a station from time

+to time, or stopping the wagons on the road to the diggings.

+Black Jack of Ballarat was the name I went under, and our party

+is still remembered in the colony as the Ballarat Gang.

+

+"One day a gold convoy came down from Ballarat to Melbourne, and

+we lay in wait for it and attacked it. There were six troopers

+and six of us, so it was a close thing, but we emptied four of

+their saddles at the first volley. Three of our boys were killed,

+however, before we got the swag. I put my pistol to the head of

+the wagon-driver, who was this very man McCarthy. I wish to the

+Lord that I had shot him then, but I spared him, though I saw his

+wicked little eyes fixed on my face, as though to remember every

+feature. We got away with the gold, became wealthy men, and made

+our way over to England without being suspected. There I parted

+from my old pals and determined to settle down to a quiet and

+respectable life. I bought this estate, which chanced to be in

+the market, and I set myself to do a little good with my money,

+to make up for the way in which I had earned it. I married, too,

+and though my wife died young she left me my dear little Alice.

+Even when she was just a baby her wee hand seemed to lead me down

+the right path as nothing else had ever done. In a word, I turned

+over a new leaf and did my best to make up for the past. All was

+going well when McCarthy laid his grip upon me.

+

+"I had gone up to town about an investment, and I met him in

+Regent Street with hardly a coat to his back or a boot to his

+foot.

+

+"'Here we are, Jack,' says he, touching me on the arm; 'we'll be

+as good as a family to you. There's two of us, me and my son, and

+you can have the keeping of us. If you don't--it's a fine,

+law-abiding country is England, and there's always a policeman

+within hail.'

+

+"Well, down they came to the west country, there was no shaking

+them off, and there they have lived rent free on my best land

+ever since. There was no rest for me, no peace, no forgetfulness;

+turn where I would, there was his cunning, grinning face at my

+elbow. It grew worse as Alice grew up, for he soon saw I was more

+afraid of her knowing my past than of the police. Whatever he

+wanted he must have, and whatever it was I gave him without

+question, land, money, houses, until at last he asked a thing

+which I could not give. He asked for Alice.

+

+"His son, you see, had grown up, and so had my girl, and as I was

+known to be in weak health, it seemed a fine stroke to him that

+his lad should step into the whole property. But there I was

+firm. I would not have his cursed stock mixed with mine; not that

+I had any dislike to the lad, but his blood was in him, and that

+was enough. I stood firm. McCarthy threatened. I braved him to do

+his worst. We were to meet at the pool midway between our houses

+to talk it over.

+

+"When I went down there I found him talking with his son, so I

+smoked a cigar and waited behind a tree until he should be alone.

+But as I listened to his talk all that was black and bitter in

+me seemed to come uppermost. He was urging his son to marry my

+daughter with as little regard for what she might think as if she

+were a slut from off the streets. It drove me mad to think that I

+and all that I held most dear should be in the power of such a

+man as this. Could I not snap the bond? I was already a dying and

+a desperate man. Though clear of mind and fairly strong of limb,

+I knew that my own fate was sealed. But my memory and my girl!

+Both could be saved if I could but silence that foul tongue. I

+did it, Mr. Holmes. I would do it again. Deeply as I have sinned,

+I have led a life of martyrdom to atone for it. But that my girl

+should be entangled in the same meshes which held me was more

+than I could suffer. I struck him down with no more compunction

+than if he had been some foul and venomous beast. His cry brought

+back his son; but I had gained the cover of the wood, though I

+was forced to go back to fetch the cloak which I had dropped in

+my flight. That is the true story, gentlemen, of all that

+occurred."

+

+"Well, it is not for me to judge you," said Holmes as the old man

+signed the statement which had been drawn out. "I pray that we

+may never be exposed to such a temptation."

+

+"I pray not, sir. And what do you intend to do?"

+

+"In view of your health, nothing. You are yourself aware that you

+will soon have to answer for your deed at a higher court than the

+Assizes. I will keep your confession, and if McCarthy is

+condemned I shall be forced to use it. If not, it shall never be

+seen by mortal eye; and your secret, whether you be alive or

+dead, shall be safe with us."

+

+"Farewell, then," said the old man solemnly. "Your own deathbeds,

+when they come, will be the easier for the thought of the peace

+which you have given to mine." Tottering and shaking in all his

+giant frame, he stumbled slowly from the room.

+

+"God help us!" said Holmes after a long silence. "Why does fate

+play such tricks with poor, helpless worms? I never hear of such

+a case as this that I do not think of Baxter's words, and say,

+'There, but for the grace of God, goes Sherlock Holmes.'"

+

+James McCarthy was acquitted at the Assizes on the strength of a

+number of objections which had been drawn out by Holmes and

+submitted to the defending counsel. Old Turner lived for seven

+months after our interview, but he is now dead; and there is

+every prospect that the son and daughter may come to live happily

+together in ignorance of the black cloud which rests upon their

+past.

+

+

+

+ADVENTURE V. THE FIVE ORANGE PIPS

+

+When I glance over my notes and records of the Sherlock Holmes

+cases between the years '82 and '90, I am faced by so many which

+present strange and interesting features that it is no easy

+matter to know which to choose and which to leave. Some, however,

+have already gained publicity through the papers, and others have

+not offered a field for those peculiar qualities which my friend

+possessed in so high a degree, and which it is the object of

+these papers to illustrate. Some, too, have baffled his

+analytical skill, and would be, as narratives, beginnings without

+an ending, while others have been but partially cleared up, and

+have their explanations founded rather upon conjecture and

+surmise than on that absolute logical proof which was so dear to

+him. There is, however, one of these last which was so remarkable

+in its details and so startling in its results that I am tempted

+to give some account of it in spite of the fact that there are

+points in connection with it which never have been, and probably

+never will be, entirely cleared up.

+

+The year '87 furnished us with a long series of cases of greater

+or less interest, of which I retain the records. Among my

+headings under this one twelve months I find an account of the

+adventure of the Paradol Chamber, of the Amateur Mendicant

+Society, who held a luxurious club in the lower vault of a

+furniture warehouse, of the facts connected with the loss of the

+British barque "Sophy Anderson", of the singular adventures of the

+Grice Patersons in the island of Uffa, and finally of the

+Camberwell poisoning case. In the latter, as may be remembered,

+Sherlock Holmes was able, by winding up the dead man's watch, to

+prove that it had been wound up two hours before, and that

+therefore the deceased had gone to bed within that time--a

+deduction which was of the greatest importance in clearing up the

+case. All these I may sketch out at some future date, but none of

+them present such singular features as the strange train of

+circumstances which I have now taken up my pen to describe.

+

+It was in the latter days of September, and the equinoctial gales

+had set in with exceptional violence. All day the wind had

+screamed and the rain had beaten against the windows, so that

+even here in the heart of great, hand-made London we were forced

+to raise our minds for the instant from the routine of life and

+to recognise the presence of those great elemental forces which

+shriek at mankind through the bars of his civilisation, like

+untamed beasts in a cage. As evening drew in, the storm grew

+higher and louder, and the wind cried and sobbed like a child in

+the chimney. Sherlock Holmes sat moodily at one side of the

+fireplace cross-indexing his records of crime, while I at the

+other was deep in one of Clark Russell's fine sea-stories until

+the howl of the gale from without seemed to blend with the text,

+and the splash of the rain to lengthen out into the long swash of

+the sea waves. My wife was on a visit to her mother's, and for a

+few days I was a dweller once more in my old quarters at Baker

+Street.

+

+"Why," said I, glancing up at my companion, "that was surely the

+bell. Who could come to-night? Some friend of yours, perhaps?"

+

+"Except yourself I have none," he answered. "I do not encourage

+visitors."

+

+"A client, then?"

+

+"If so, it is a serious case. Nothing less would bring a man out

+on such a day and at such an hour. But I take it that it is more

+likely to be some crony of the landlady's."

+

+Sherlock Holmes was wrong in his conjecture, however, for there

+came a step in the passage and a tapping at the door. He

+stretched out his long arm to turn the lamp away from himself and

+towards the vacant chair upon which a newcomer must sit.

+

+"Come in!" said he.

+

+The man who entered was young, some two-and-twenty at the

+outside, well-groomed and trimly clad, with something of

+refinement and delicacy in his bearing. The streaming umbrella

+which he held in his hand, and his long shining waterproof told

+of the fierce weather through which he had come. He looked about

+him anxiously in the glare of the lamp, and I could see that his

+face was pale and his eyes heavy, like those of a man who is

+weighed down with some great anxiety.

+

+"I owe you an apology," he said, raising his golden pince-nez to

+his eyes. "I trust that I am not intruding. I fear that I have

+brought some traces of the storm and rain into your snug

+chamber."

+

+"Give me your coat and umbrella," said Holmes. "They may rest

+here on the hook and will be dry presently. You have come up from

+the south-west, I see."

+

+"Yes, from Horsham."

+

+"That clay and chalk mixture which I see upon your toe caps is

+quite distinctive."

+

+"I have come for advice."

+

+"That is easily got."

+

+"And help."

+

+"That is not always so easy."

+

+"I have heard of you, Mr. Holmes. I heard from Major Prendergast

+how you saved him in the Tankerville Club scandal."

+

+"Ah, of course. He was wrongfully accused of cheating at cards."

+

+"He said that you could solve anything."

+

+"He said too much."

+

+"That you are never beaten."

+

+"I have been beaten four times--three times by men, and once by a

+woman."

+

+"But what is that compared with the number of your successes?"

+

+"It is true that I have been generally successful."

+

+"Then you may be so with me."

+

+"I beg that you will draw your chair up to the fire and favour me

+with some details as to your case."

+

+"It is no ordinary one."

+

+"None of those which come to me are. I am the last court of

+appeal."

+

+"And yet I question, sir, whether, in all your experience, you

+have ever listened to a more mysterious and inexplicable chain of

+events than those which have happened in my own family."

+

+"You fill me with interest," said Holmes. "Pray give us the

+essential facts from the commencement, and I can afterwards

+question you as to those details which seem to me to be most

+important."

+

+The young man pulled his chair up and pushed his wet feet out

+towards the blaze.

+

+"My name," said he, "is John Openshaw, but my own affairs have,

+as far as I can understand, little to do with this awful

+business. It is a hereditary matter; so in order to give you an

+idea of the facts, I must go back to the commencement of the

+affair.

+

+"You must know that my grandfather had two sons--my uncle Elias

+and my father Joseph. My father had a small factory at Coventry,

+which he enlarged at the time of the invention of bicycling. He

+was a patentee of the Openshaw unbreakable tire, and his business

+met with such success that he was able to sell it and to retire

+upon a handsome competence.

+

+"My uncle Elias emigrated to America when he was a young man and

+became a planter in Florida, where he was reported to have done

+very well. At the time of the war he fought in Jackson's army,

+and afterwards under Hood, where he rose to be a colonel. When

+Lee laid down his arms my uncle returned to his plantation, where

+he remained for three or four years. About 1869 or 1870 he came

+back to Europe and took a small estate in Sussex, near Horsham.

+He had made a very considerable fortune in the States, and his

+reason for leaving them was his aversion to the negroes, and his

+dislike of the Republican policy in extending the franchise to

+them. He was a singular man, fierce and quick-tempered, very

+foul-mouthed when he was angry, and of a most retiring

+disposition. During all the years that he lived at Horsham, I

+doubt if ever he set foot in the town. He had a garden and two or

+three fields round his house, and there he would take his

+exercise, though very often for weeks on end he would never leave

+his room. He drank a great deal of brandy and smoked very

+heavily, but he would see no society and did not want any

+friends, not even his own brother.

+

+"He didn't mind me; in fact, he took a fancy to me, for at the

+time when he saw me first I was a youngster of twelve or so. This

+would be in the year 1878, after he had been eight or nine years

+in England. He begged my father to let me live with him and he

+was very kind to me in his way. When he was sober he used to be

+fond of playing backgammon and draughts with me, and he would

+make me his representative both with the servants and with the

+tradespeople, so that by the time that I was sixteen I was quite

+master of the house. I kept all the keys and could go where I

+liked and do what I liked, so long as I did not disturb him in

+his privacy. There was one singular exception, however, for he

+had a single room, a lumber-room up among the attics, which was

+invariably locked, and which he would never permit either me or

+anyone else to enter. With a boy's curiosity I have peeped

+through the keyhole, but I was never able to see more than such a

+collection of old trunks and bundles as would be expected in such

+a room.

+

+"One day--it was in March, 1883--a letter with a foreign stamp

+lay upon the table in front of the colonel's plate. It was not a

+common thing for him to receive letters, for his bills were all

+paid in ready money, and he had no friends of any sort. 'From

+India!' said he as he took it up, 'Pondicherry postmark! What can

+this be?' Opening it hurriedly, out there jumped five little

+dried orange pips, which pattered down upon his plate. I began to

+laugh at this, but the laugh was struck from my lips at the sight

+of his face. His lip had fallen, his eyes were protruding, his

+skin the colour of putty, and he glared at the envelope which he

+still held in his trembling hand, 'K. K. K.!' he shrieked, and

+then, 'My God, my God, my sins have overtaken me!'

+

+"'What is it, uncle?' I cried.

+

+"'Death,' said he, and rising from the table he retired to his

+room, leaving me palpitating with horror. I took up the envelope

+and saw scrawled in red ink upon the inner flap, just above the

+gum, the letter K three times repeated. There was nothing else

+save the five dried pips. What could be the reason of his

+overpowering terror? I left the breakfast-table, and as I

+ascended the stair I met him coming down with an old rusty key,

+which must have belonged to the attic, in one hand, and a small

+brass box, like a cashbox, in the other.

+

+"'They may do what they like, but I'll checkmate them still,'

+said he with an oath. 'Tell Mary that I shall want a fire in my

+room to-day, and send down to Fordham, the Horsham lawyer.'

+

+"I did as he ordered, and when the lawyer arrived I was asked to

+step up to the room. The fire was burning brightly, and in the

+grate there was a mass of black, fluffy ashes, as of burned

+paper, while the brass box stood open and empty beside it. As I

+glanced at the box I noticed, with a start, that upon the lid was

+printed the treble K which I had read in the morning upon the

+envelope.

+

+"'I wish you, John,' said my uncle, 'to witness my will. I leave

+my estate, with all its advantages and all its disadvantages, to

+my brother, your father, whence it will, no doubt, descend to

+you. If you can enjoy it in peace, well and good! If you find you

+cannot, take my advice, my boy, and leave it to your deadliest

+enemy. I am sorry to give you such a two-edged thing, but I can't

+say what turn things are going to take. Kindly sign the paper

+where Mr. Fordham shows you.'

+

+"I signed the paper as directed, and the lawyer took it away with

+him. The singular incident made, as you may think, the deepest

+impression upon me, and I pondered over it and turned it every

+way in my mind without being able to make anything of it. Yet I

+could not shake off the vague feeling of dread which it left

+behind, though the sensation grew less keen as the weeks passed

+and nothing happened to disturb the usual routine of our lives. I

+could see a change in my uncle, however. He drank more than ever,

+and he was less inclined for any sort of society. Most of his

+time he would spend in his room, with the door locked upon the

+inside, but sometimes he would emerge in a sort of drunken frenzy

+and would burst out of the house and tear about the garden with a

+revolver in his hand, screaming out that he was afraid of no man,

+and that he was not to be cooped up, like a sheep in a pen, by

+man or devil. When these hot fits were over, however, he would

+rush tumultuously in at the door and lock and bar it behind him,

+like a man who can brazen it out no longer against the terror

+which lies at the roots of his soul. At such times I have seen

+his face, even on a cold day, glisten with moisture, as though it

+were new raised from a basin.

+

+"Well, to come to an end of the matter, Mr. Holmes, and not to

+abuse your patience, there came a night when he made one of those

+drunken sallies from which he never came back. We found him, when

+we went to search for him, face downward in a little

+green-scummed pool, which lay at the foot of the garden. There

+was no sign of any violence, and the water was but two feet deep,

+so that the jury, having regard to his known eccentricity,

+brought in a verdict of 'suicide.' But I, who knew how he winced

+from the very thought of death, had much ado to persuade myself

+that he had gone out of his way to meet it. The matter passed,

+however, and my father entered into possession of the estate, and

+of some 14,000 pounds, which lay to his credit at the bank."

+

+"One moment," Holmes interposed, "your statement is, I foresee,

+one of the most remarkable to which I have ever listened. Let me

+have the date of the reception by your uncle of the letter, and

+the date of his supposed suicide."

+

+"The letter arrived on March 10, 1883. His death was seven weeks

+later, upon the night of May 2nd."

+

+"Thank you. Pray proceed."

+

+"When my father took over the Horsham property, he, at my

+request, made a careful examination of the attic, which had been

+always locked up. We found the brass box there, although its

+contents had been destroyed. On the inside of the cover was a

+paper label, with the initials of K. K. K. repeated upon it, and

+'Letters, memoranda, receipts, and a register' written beneath.

+These, we presume, indicated the nature of the papers which had

+been destroyed by Colonel Openshaw. For the rest, there was

+nothing of much importance in the attic save a great many

+scattered papers and note-books bearing upon my uncle's life in

+America. Some of them were of the war time and showed that he had

+done his duty well and had borne the repute of a brave soldier.

+Others were of a date during the reconstruction of the Southern

+states, and were mostly concerned with politics, for he had

+evidently taken a strong part in opposing the carpet-bag

+politicians who had been sent down from the North.

+

+"Well, it was the beginning of '84 when my father came to live at

+Horsham, and all went as well as possible with us until the

+January of '85. On the fourth day after the new year I heard my

+father give a sharp cry of surprise as we sat together at the

+breakfast-table. There he was, sitting with a newly opened

+envelope in one hand and five dried orange pips in the

+outstretched palm of the other one. He had always laughed at what

+he called my cock-and-bull story about the colonel, but he looked

+very scared and puzzled now that the same thing had come upon

+himself.

+

+"'Why, what on earth does this mean, John?' he stammered.

+

+"My heart had turned to lead. 'It is K. K. K.,' said I.

+

+"He looked inside the envelope. 'So it is,' he cried. 'Here are

+the very letters. But what is this written above them?'

+

+"'Put the papers on the sundial,' I read, peeping over his

+shoulder.

+

+"'What papers? What sundial?' he asked.

+

+"'The sundial in the garden. There is no other,' said I; 'but the

+papers must be those that are destroyed.'

+

+"'Pooh!' said he, gripping hard at his courage. 'We are in a

+civilised land here, and we can't have tomfoolery of this kind.

+Where does the thing come from?'

+

+"'From Dundee,' I answered, glancing at the postmark.

+

+"'Some preposterous practical joke,' said he. 'What have I to do

+with sundials and papers? I shall take no notice of such

+nonsense.'

+

+"'I should certainly speak to the police,' I said.

+

+"'And be laughed at for my pains. Nothing of the sort.'

+

+"'Then let me do so?'

+

+"'No, I forbid you. I won't have a fuss made about such

+nonsense.'

+

+"It was in vain to argue with him, for he was a very obstinate

+man. I went about, however, with a heart which was full of

+forebodings.

+

+"On the third day after the coming of the letter my father went

+from home to visit an old friend of his, Major Freebody, who is

+in command of one of the forts upon Portsdown Hill. I was glad

+that he should go, for it seemed to me that he was farther from

+danger when he was away from home. In that, however, I was in

+error. Upon the second day of his absence I received a telegram

+from the major, imploring me to come at once. My father had

+fallen over one of the deep chalk-pits which abound in the

+neighbourhood, and was lying senseless, with a shattered skull. I

+hurried to him, but he passed away without having ever recovered

+his consciousness. He had, as it appears, been returning from

+Fareham in the twilight, and as the country was unknown to him,

+and the chalk-pit unfenced, the jury had no hesitation in

+bringing in a verdict of 'death from accidental causes.'

+Carefully as I examined every fact connected with his death, I

+was unable to find anything which could suggest the idea of

+murder. There were no signs of violence, no footmarks, no

+robbery, no record of strangers having been seen upon the roads.

+And yet I need not tell you that my mind was far from at ease,

+and that I was well-nigh certain that some foul plot had been

+woven round him.

+

+"In this sinister way I came into my inheritance. You will ask me

+why I did not dispose of it? I answer, because I was well

+convinced that our troubles were in some way dependent upon an

+incident in my uncle's life, and that the danger would be as

+pressing in one house as in another.

+

+"It was in January, '85, that my poor father met his end, and two

+years and eight months have elapsed since then. During that time

+I have lived happily at Horsham, and I had begun to hope that

+this curse had passed away from the family, and that it had ended

+with the last generation. I had begun to take comfort too soon,

+however; yesterday morning the blow fell in the very shape in

+which it had come upon my father."

+

+The young man took from his waistcoat a crumpled envelope, and

+turning to the table he shook out upon it five little dried

+orange pips.

+

+"This is the envelope," he continued. "The postmark is

+London--eastern division. Within are the very words which were

+upon my father's last message: 'K. K. K.'; and then 'Put the

+papers on the sundial.'"

+

+"What have you done?" asked Holmes.

+

+"Nothing."

+

+"Nothing?"

+

+"To tell the truth"--he sank his face into his thin, white

+hands--"I have felt helpless. I have felt like one of those poor

+rabbits when the snake is writhing towards it. I seem to be in

+the grasp of some resistless, inexorable evil, which no foresight

+and no precautions can guard against."

+

+"Tut! tut!" cried Sherlock Holmes. "You must act, man, or you are

+lost. Nothing but energy can save you. This is no time for

+despair."

+

+"I have seen the police."

+

+"Ah!"

+

+"But they listened to my story with a smile. I am convinced that

+the inspector has formed the opinion that the letters are all

+practical jokes, and that the deaths of my relations were really

+accidents, as the jury stated, and were not to be connected with

+the warnings."

+

+Holmes shook his clenched hands in the air. "Incredible

+imbecility!" he cried.

+

+"They have, however, allowed me a policeman, who may remain in

+the house with me."

+

+"Has he come with you to-night?"

+

+"No. His orders were to stay in the house."

+

+Again Holmes raved in the air.

+

+"Why did you come to me," he cried, "and, above all, why did you

+not come at once?"

+

+"I did not know. It was only to-day that I spoke to Major

+Prendergast about my troubles and was advised by him to come to

+you."

+

+"It is really two days since you had the letter. We should have

+acted before this. You have no further evidence, I suppose, than

+that which you have placed before us--no suggestive detail which

+might help us?"

+

+"There is one thing," said John Openshaw. He rummaged in his coat

+pocket, and, drawing out a piece of discoloured, blue-tinted

+paper, he laid it out upon the table. "I have some remembrance,"

+said he, "that on the day when my uncle burned the papers I

+observed that the small, unburned margins which lay amid the

+ashes were of this particular colour. I found this single sheet

+upon the floor of his room, and I am inclined to think that it

+may be one of the papers which has, perhaps, fluttered out from

+among the others, and in that way has escaped destruction. Beyond

+the mention of pips, I do not see that it helps us much. I think

+myself that it is a page from some private diary. The writing is

+undoubtedly my uncle's."

+

+Holmes moved the lamp, and we both bent over the sheet of paper,

+which showed by its ragged edge that it had indeed been torn from

+a book. It was headed, "March, 1869," and beneath were the

+following enigmatical notices:

+

+"4th. Hudson came. Same old platform.

+

+"7th. Set the pips on McCauley, Paramore, and

+      John Swain, of St. Augustine.

+

+"9th. McCauley cleared.

+

+"10th. John Swain cleared.

+

+"12th. Visited Paramore. All well."

+

+"Thank you!" said Holmes, folding up the paper and returning it

+to our visitor. "And now you must on no account lose another

+instant. We cannot spare time even to discuss what you have told

+me. You must get home instantly and act."

+

+"What shall I do?"

+

+"There is but one thing to do. It must be done at once. You must

+put this piece of paper which you have shown us into the brass

+box which you have described. You must also put in a note to say

+that all the other papers were burned by your uncle, and that

+this is the only one which remains. You must assert that in such

+words as will carry conviction with them. Having done this, you

+must at once put the box out upon the sundial, as directed. Do

+you understand?"

+

+"Entirely."

+

+"Do not think of revenge, or anything of the sort, at present. I

+think that we may gain that by means of the law; but we have our

+web to weave, while theirs is already woven. The first

+consideration is to remove the pressing danger which threatens

+you. The second is to clear up the mystery and to punish the

+guilty parties."

+

+"I thank you," said the young man, rising and pulling on his

+overcoat. "You have given me fresh life and hope. I shall

+certainly do as you advise."

+

+"Do not lose an instant. And, above all, take care of yourself in

+the meanwhile, for I do not think that there can be a doubt that

+you are threatened by a very real and imminent danger. How do you

+go back?"

+

+"By train from Waterloo."

+

+"It is not yet nine. The streets will be crowded, so I trust that

+you may be in safety. And yet you cannot guard yourself too

+closely."

+

+"I am armed."

+

+"That is well. To-morrow I shall set to work upon your case."

+

+"I shall see you at Horsham, then?"

+

+"No, your secret lies in London. It is there that I shall seek

+it."

+

+"Then I shall call upon you in a day, or in two days, with news

+as to the box and the papers. I shall take your advice in every

+particular." He shook hands with us and took his leave. Outside

+the wind still screamed and the rain splashed and pattered

+against the windows. This strange, wild story seemed to have come

+to us from amid the mad elements--blown in upon us like a sheet

+of sea-weed in a gale--and now to have been reabsorbed by them

+once more.

+

+Sherlock Holmes sat for some time in silence, with his head sunk

+forward and his eyes bent upon the red glow of the fire. Then he

+lit his pipe, and leaning back in his chair he watched the blue

+smoke-rings as they chased each other up to the ceiling.

+

+"I think, Watson," he remarked at last, "that of all our cases we

+have had none more fantastic than this."

+

+"Save, perhaps, the Sign of Four."

+

+"Well, yes. Save, perhaps, that. And yet this John Openshaw seems

+to me to be walking amid even greater perils than did the

+Sholtos."

+

+"But have you," I asked, "formed any definite conception as to

+what these perils are?"

+

+"There can be no question as to their nature," he answered.

+

+"Then what are they? Who is this K. K. K., and why does he pursue

+this unhappy family?"

+

+Sherlock Holmes closed his eyes and placed his elbows upon the

+arms of his chair, with his finger-tips together. "The ideal

+reasoner," he remarked, "would, when he had once been shown a

+single fact in all its bearings, deduce from it not only all the

+chain of events which led up to it but also all the results which

+would follow from it. As Cuvier could correctly describe a whole

+animal by the contemplation of a single bone, so the observer who

+has thoroughly understood one link in a series of incidents

+should be able to accurately state all the other ones, both

+before and after. We have not yet grasped the results which the

+reason alone can attain to. Problems may be solved in the study

+which have baffled all those who have sought a solution by the

+aid of their senses. To carry the art, however, to its highest

+pitch, it is necessary that the reasoner should be able to

+utilise all the facts which have come to his knowledge; and this

+in itself implies, as you will readily see, a possession of all

+knowledge, which, even in these days of free education and

+encyclopaedias, is a somewhat rare accomplishment. It is not so

+impossible, however, that a man should possess all knowledge

+which is likely to be useful to him in his work, and this I have

+endeavoured in my case to do. If I remember rightly, you on one

+occasion, in the early days of our friendship, defined my limits

+in a very precise fashion."

+

+"Yes," I answered, laughing. "It was a singular document.

+Philosophy, astronomy, and politics were marked at zero, I

+remember. Botany variable, geology profound as regards the

+mud-stains from any region within fifty miles of town, chemistry

+eccentric, anatomy unsystematic, sensational literature and crime

+records unique, violin-player, boxer, swordsman, lawyer, and

+self-poisoner by cocaine and tobacco. Those, I think, were the

+main points of my analysis."

+

+Holmes grinned at the last item. "Well," he said, "I say now, as

+I said then, that a man should keep his little brain-attic

+stocked with all the furniture that he is likely to use, and the

+rest he can put away in the lumber-room of his library, where he

+can get it if he wants it. Now, for such a case as the one which

+has been submitted to us to-night, we need certainly to muster

+all our resources. Kindly hand me down the letter K of the

+'American Encyclopaedia' which stands upon the shelf beside you.

+Thank you. Now let us consider the situation and see what may be

+deduced from it. In the first place, we may start with a strong

+presumption that Colonel Openshaw had some very strong reason for

+leaving America. Men at his time of life do not change all their

+habits and exchange willingly the charming climate of Florida for

+the lonely life of an English provincial town. His extreme love

+of solitude in England suggests the idea that he was in fear of

+someone or something, so we may assume as a working hypothesis

+that it was fear of someone or something which drove him from

+America. As to what it was he feared, we can only deduce that by

+considering the formidable letters which were received by himself

+and his successors. Did you remark the postmarks of those

+letters?"

+

+"The first was from Pondicherry, the second from Dundee, and the

+third from London."

+

+"From East London. What do you deduce from that?"

+

+"They are all seaports. That the writer was on board of a ship."

+

+"Excellent. We have already a clue. There can be no doubt that

+the probability--the strong probability--is that the writer was

+on board of a ship. And now let us consider another point. In the

+case of Pondicherry, seven weeks elapsed between the threat and

+its fulfilment, in Dundee it was only some three or four days.

+Does that suggest anything?"

+

+"A greater distance to travel."

+

+"But the letter had also a greater distance to come."

+

+"Then I do not see the point."

+

+"There is at least a presumption that the vessel in which the man

+or men are is a sailing-ship. It looks as if they always send

+their singular warning or token before them when starting upon

+their mission. You see how quickly the deed followed the sign

+when it came from Dundee. If they had come from Pondicherry in a

+steamer they would have arrived almost as soon as their letter.

+But, as a matter of fact, seven weeks elapsed. I think that those

+seven weeks represented the difference between the mail-boat which

+brought the letter and the sailing vessel which brought the

+writer."

+

+"It is possible."

+

+"More than that. It is probable. And now you see the deadly

+urgency of this new case, and why I urged young Openshaw to

+caution. The blow has always fallen at the end of the time which

+it would take the senders to travel the distance. But this one

+comes from London, and therefore we cannot count upon delay."

+

+"Good God!" I cried. "What can it mean, this relentless

+persecution?"

+

+"The papers which Openshaw carried are obviously of vital

+importance to the person or persons in the sailing-ship. I think

+that it is quite clear that there must be more than one of them.

+A single man could not have carried out two deaths in such a way

+as to deceive a coroner's jury. There must have been several in

+it, and they must have been men of resource and determination.

+Their papers they mean to have, be the holder of them who it may.

+In this way you see K. K. K. ceases to be the initials of an

+individual and becomes the badge of a society."

+

+"But of what society?"

+

+"Have you never--" said Sherlock Holmes, bending forward and

+sinking his voice--"have you never heard of the Ku Klux Klan?"

+

+"I never have."

+

+Holmes turned over the leaves of the book upon his knee. "Here it

+is," said he presently:

+

+"'Ku Klux Klan. A name derived from the fanciful resemblance to

+the sound produced by cocking a rifle. This terrible secret

+society was formed by some ex-Confederate soldiers in the

+Southern states after the Civil War, and it rapidly formed local

+branches in different parts of the country, notably in Tennessee,

+Louisiana, the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida. Its power was

+used for political purposes, principally for the terrorising of

+the negro voters and the murdering and driving from the country

+of those who were opposed to its views. Its outrages were usually

+preceded by a warning sent to the marked man in some fantastic

+but generally recognised shape--a sprig of oak-leaves in some

+parts, melon seeds or orange pips in others. On receiving this

+the victim might either openly abjure his former ways, or might

+fly from the country. If he braved the matter out, death would

+unfailingly come upon him, and usually in some strange and

+unforeseen manner. So perfect was the organisation of the

+society, and so systematic its methods, that there is hardly a

+case upon record where any man succeeded in braving it with

+impunity, or in which any of its outrages were traced home to the

+perpetrators. For some years the organisation flourished in spite

+of the efforts of the United States government and of the better

+classes of the community in the South. Eventually, in the year

+1869, the movement rather suddenly collapsed, although there have

+been sporadic outbreaks of the same sort since that date.'

+

+"You will observe," said Holmes, laying down the volume, "that

+the sudden breaking up of the society was coincident with the

+disappearance of Openshaw from America with their papers. It may

+well have been cause and effect. It is no wonder that he and his

+family have some of the more implacable spirits upon their track.

+You can understand that this register and diary may implicate

+some of the first men in the South, and that there may be many

+who will not sleep easy at night until it is recovered."

+

+"Then the page we have seen--"

+

+"Is such as we might expect. It ran, if I remember right, 'sent

+the pips to A, B, and C'--that is, sent the society's warning to

+them. Then there are successive entries that A and B cleared, or

+left the country, and finally that C was visited, with, I fear, a

+sinister result for C. Well, I think, Doctor, that we may let

+some light into this dark place, and I believe that the only

+chance young Openshaw has in the meantime is to do what I have

+told him. There is nothing more to be said or to be done

+to-night, so hand me over my violin and let us try to forget for

+half an hour the miserable weather and the still more miserable

+ways of our fellow-men."

+

+

+It had cleared in the morning, and the sun was shining with a

+subdued brightness through the dim veil which hangs over the

+great city. Sherlock Holmes was already at breakfast when I came

+down.

+

+"You will excuse me for not waiting for you," said he; "I have, I

+foresee, a very busy day before me in looking into this case of

+young Openshaw's."

+

+"What steps will you take?" I asked.

+

+"It will very much depend upon the results of my first inquiries.

+I may have to go down to Horsham, after all."

+

+"You will not go there first?"

+

+"No, I shall commence with the City. Just ring the bell and the

+maid will bring up your coffee."

+

+As I waited, I lifted the unopened newspaper from the table and

+glanced my eye over it. It rested upon a heading which sent a

+chill to my heart.

+

+"Holmes," I cried, "you are too late."

+

+"Ah!" said he, laying down his cup, "I feared as much. How was it

+done?" He spoke calmly, but I could see that he was deeply moved.

+

+"My eye caught the name of Openshaw, and the heading 'Tragedy

+Near Waterloo Bridge.' Here is the account:

+

+"Between nine and ten last night Police-Constable Cook, of the H

+Division, on duty near Waterloo Bridge, heard a cry for help and

+a splash in the water. The night, however, was extremely dark and

+stormy, so that, in spite of the help of several passers-by, it

+was quite impossible to effect a rescue. The alarm, however, was

+given, and, by the aid of the water-police, the body was

+eventually recovered. It proved to be that of a young gentleman

+whose name, as it appears from an envelope which was found in his

+pocket, was John Openshaw, and whose residence is near Horsham.

+It is conjectured that he may have been hurrying down to catch

+the last train from Waterloo Station, and that in his haste and

+the extreme darkness he missed his path and walked over the edge

+of one of the small landing-places for river steamboats. The body

+exhibited no traces of violence, and there can be no doubt that

+the deceased had been the victim of an unfortunate accident,

+which should have the effect of calling the attention of the

+authorities to the condition of the riverside landing-stages."

+

+We sat in silence for some minutes, Holmes more depressed and

+shaken than I had ever seen him.

+

+"That hurts my pride, Watson," he said at last. "It is a petty

+feeling, no doubt, but it hurts my pride. It becomes a personal

+matter with me now, and, if God sends me health, I shall set my

+hand upon this gang. That he should come to me for help, and that

+I should send him away to his death--!" He sprang from his chair

+and paced about the room in uncontrollable agitation, with a

+flush upon his sallow cheeks and a nervous clasping and

+unclasping of his long thin hands.

+

+"They must be cunning devils," he exclaimed at last. "How could

+they have decoyed him down there? The Embankment is not on the

+direct line to the station. The bridge, no doubt, was too

+crowded, even on such a night, for their purpose. Well, Watson,

+we shall see who will win in the long run. I am going out now!"

+

+"To the police?"

+

+"No; I shall be my own police. When I have spun the web they may

+take the flies, but not before."

+

+All day I was engaged in my professional work, and it was late in

+the evening before I returned to Baker Street. Sherlock Holmes

+had not come back yet. It was nearly ten o'clock before he

+entered, looking pale and worn. He walked up to the sideboard,

+and tearing a piece from the loaf he devoured it voraciously,

+washing it down with a long draught of water.

+

+"You are hungry," I remarked.

+

+"Starving. It had escaped my memory. I have had nothing since

+breakfast."

+

+"Nothing?"

+

+"Not a bite. I had no time to think of it."

+

+"And how have you succeeded?"

+

+"Well."

+

+"You have a clue?"

+

+"I have them in the hollow of my hand. Young Openshaw shall not

+long remain unavenged. Why, Watson, let us put their own devilish

+trade-mark upon them. It is well thought of!"

+

+"What do you mean?"

+

+He took an orange from the cupboard, and tearing it to pieces he

+squeezed out the pips upon the table. Of these he took five and

+thrust them into an envelope. On the inside of the flap he wrote

+"S. H. for J. O." Then he sealed it and addressed it to "Captain

+James Calhoun, Barque 'Lone Star,' Savannah, Georgia."

+

+"That will await him when he enters port," said he, chuckling.

+"It may give him a sleepless night. He will find it as sure a

+precursor of his fate as Openshaw did before him."

+

+"And who is this Captain Calhoun?"

+

+"The leader of the gang. I shall have the others, but he first."

+

+"How did you trace it, then?"

+

+He took a large sheet of paper from his pocket, all covered with

+dates and names.

+

+"I have spent the whole day," said he, "over Lloyd's registers

+and files of the old papers, following the future career of every

+vessel which touched at Pondicherry in January and February in

+'83. There were thirty-six ships of fair tonnage which were

+reported there during those months. Of these, one, the 'Lone Star,'

+instantly attracted my attention, since, although it was reported

+as having cleared from London, the name is that which is given to

+one of the states of the Union."

+

+"Texas, I think."

+

+"I was not and am not sure which; but I knew that the ship must

+have an American origin."

+

+"What then?"

+

+"I searched the Dundee records, and when I found that the barque

+'Lone Star' was there in January, '85, my suspicion became a

+certainty. I then inquired as to the vessels which lay at present

+in the port of London."

+

+"Yes?"

+

+"The 'Lone Star' had arrived here last week. I went down to the

+Albert Dock and found that she had been taken down the river by

+the early tide this morning, homeward bound to Savannah. I wired

+to Gravesend and learned that she had passed some time ago, and

+as the wind is easterly I have no doubt that she is now past the

+Goodwins and not very far from the Isle of Wight."

+

+"What will you do, then?"

+

+"Oh, I have my hand upon him. He and the two mates, are as I

+learn, the only native-born Americans in the ship. The others are

+Finns and Germans. I know, also, that they were all three away

+from the ship last night. I had it from the stevedore who has

+been loading their cargo. By the time that their sailing-ship

+reaches Savannah the mail-boat will have carried this letter, and

+the cable will have informed the police of Savannah that these

+three gentlemen are badly wanted here upon a charge of murder."

+

+There is ever a flaw, however, in the best laid of human plans,

+and the murderers of John Openshaw were never to receive the

+orange pips which would show them that another, as cunning and as

+resolute as themselves, was upon their track. Very long and very

+severe were the equinoctial gales that year. We waited long for

+news of the "Lone Star" of Savannah, but none ever reached us. We

+did at last hear that somewhere far out in the Atlantic a

+shattered stern-post of a boat was seen swinging in the trough

+of a wave, with the letters "L. S." carved upon it, and that is

+all which we shall ever know of the fate of the "Lone Star."

+

+

+

+ADVENTURE VI. THE MAN WITH THE TWISTED LIP

+

+Isa Whitney, brother of the late Elias Whitney, D.D., Principal

+of the Theological College of St. George's, was much addicted to

+opium. The habit grew upon him, as I understand, from some

+foolish freak when he was at college; for having read De

+Quincey's description of his dreams and sensations, he had

+drenched his tobacco with laudanum in an attempt to produce the

+same effects. He found, as so many more have done, that the

+practice is easier to attain than to get rid of, and for many

+years he continued to be a slave to the drug, an object of

+mingled horror and pity to his friends and relatives. I can see

+him now, with yellow, pasty face, drooping lids, and pin-point

+pupils, all huddled in a chair, the wreck and ruin of a noble

+man.

+

+One night--it was in June, '89--there came a ring to my bell,

+about the hour when a man gives his first yawn and glances at the

+clock. I sat up in my chair, and my wife laid her needle-work

+down in her lap and made a little face of disappointment.

+

+"A patient!" said she. "You'll have to go out."

+

+I groaned, for I was newly come back from a weary day.

+

+We heard the door open, a few hurried words, and then quick steps

+upon the linoleum. Our own door flew open, and a lady, clad in

+some dark-coloured stuff, with a black veil, entered the room.

+

+"You will excuse my calling so late," she began, and then,

+suddenly losing her self-control, she ran forward, threw her arms

+about my wife's neck, and sobbed upon her shoulder. "Oh, I'm in

+such trouble!" she cried; "I do so want a little help."

+

+"Why," said my wife, pulling up her veil, "it is Kate Whitney.

+How you startled me, Kate! I had not an idea who you were when

+you came in."

+

+"I didn't know what to do, so I came straight to you." That was

+always the way. Folk who were in grief came to my wife like birds

+to a light-house.

+

+"It was very sweet of you to come. Now, you must have some wine

+and water, and sit here comfortably and tell us all about it. Or

+should you rather that I sent James off to bed?"

+

+"Oh, no, no! I want the doctor's advice and help, too. It's about

+Isa. He has not been home for two days. I am so frightened about

+him!"

+

+It was not the first time that she had spoken to us of her

+husband's trouble, to me as a doctor, to my wife as an old friend

+and school companion. We soothed and comforted her by such words

+as we could find. Did she know where her husband was? Was it

+possible that we could bring him back to her?

+

+It seems that it was. She had the surest information that of late

+he had, when the fit was on him, made use of an opium den in the

+farthest east of the City. Hitherto his orgies had always been

+confined to one day, and he had come back, twitching and

+shattered, in the evening. But now the spell had been upon him

+eight-and-forty hours, and he lay there, doubtless among the

+dregs of the docks, breathing in the poison or sleeping off the

+effects. There he was to be found, she was sure of it, at the Bar

+of Gold, in Upper Swandam Lane. But what was she to do? How could

+she, a young and timid woman, make her way into such a place and

+pluck her husband out from among the ruffians who surrounded him?

+

+There was the case, and of course there was but one way out of

+it. Might I not escort her to this place? And then, as a second

+thought, why should she come at all? I was Isa Whitney's medical

+adviser, and as such I had influence over him. I could manage it

+better if I were alone. I promised her on my word that I would

+send him home in a cab within two hours if he were indeed at the

+address which she had given me. And so in ten minutes I had left

+my armchair and cheery sitting-room behind me, and was speeding

+eastward in a hansom on a strange errand, as it seemed to me at

+the time, though the future only could show how strange it was to

+be.

+

+But there was no great difficulty in the first stage of my

+adventure. Upper Swandam Lane is a vile alley lurking behind the

+high wharves which line the north side of the river to the east

+of London Bridge. Between a slop-shop and a gin-shop, approached

+by a steep flight of steps leading down to a black gap like the

+mouth of a cave, I found the den of which I was in search.

+Ordering my cab to wait, I passed down the steps, worn hollow in

+the centre by the ceaseless tread of drunken feet; and by the

+light of a flickering oil-lamp above the door I found the latch

+and made my way into a long, low room, thick and heavy with the

+brown opium smoke, and terraced with wooden berths, like the

+forecastle of an emigrant ship.

+

+Through the gloom one could dimly catch a glimpse of bodies lying

+in strange fantastic poses, bowed shoulders, bent knees, heads

+thrown back, and chins pointing upward, with here and there a

+dark, lack-lustre eye turned upon the newcomer. Out of the black

+shadows there glimmered little red circles of light, now bright,

+now faint, as the burning poison waxed or waned in the bowls of

+the metal pipes. The most lay silent, but some muttered to

+themselves, and others talked together in a strange, low,

+monotonous voice, their conversation coming in gushes, and then

+suddenly tailing off into silence, each mumbling out his own

+thoughts and paying little heed to the words of his neighbour. At

+the farther end was a small brazier of burning charcoal, beside

+which on a three-legged wooden stool there sat a tall, thin old

+man, with his jaw resting upon his two fists, and his elbows upon

+his knees, staring into the fire.

+

+As I entered, a sallow Malay attendant had hurried up with a pipe

+for me and a supply of the drug, beckoning me to an empty berth.

+

+"Thank you. I have not come to stay," said I. "There is a friend

+of mine here, Mr. Isa Whitney, and I wish to speak with him."

+

+There was a movement and an exclamation from my right, and

+peering through the gloom, I saw Whitney, pale, haggard, and

+unkempt, staring out at me.

+

+"My God! It's Watson," said he. He was in a pitiable state of

+reaction, with every nerve in a twitter. "I say, Watson, what

+o'clock is it?"

+

+"Nearly eleven."

+

+"Of what day?"

+

+"Of Friday, June 19th."

+

+"Good heavens! I thought it was Wednesday. It is Wednesday. What

+d'you want to frighten a chap for?" He sank his face onto his

+arms and began to sob in a high treble key.

+

+"I tell you that it is Friday, man. Your wife has been waiting

+this two days for you. You should be ashamed of yourself!"

+

+"So I am. But you've got mixed, Watson, for I have only been here

+a few hours, three pipes, four pipes--I forget how many. But I'll

+go home with you. I wouldn't frighten Kate--poor little Kate.

+Give me your hand! Have you a cab?"

+

+"Yes, I have one waiting."

+

+"Then I shall go in it. But I must owe something. Find what I

+owe, Watson. I am all off colour. I can do nothing for myself."

+

+I walked down the narrow passage between the double row of

+sleepers, holding my breath to keep out the vile, stupefying

+fumes of the drug, and looking about for the manager. As I passed

+the tall man who sat by the brazier I felt a sudden pluck at my

+skirt, and a low voice whispered, "Walk past me, and then look

+back at me." The words fell quite distinctly upon my ear. I

+glanced down. They could only have come from the old man at my

+side, and yet he sat now as absorbed as ever, very thin, very

+wrinkled, bent with age, an opium pipe dangling down from between

+his knees, as though it had dropped in sheer lassitude from his

+fingers. I took two steps forward and looked back. It took all my

+self-control to prevent me from breaking out into a cry of

+astonishment. He had turned his back so that none could see him

+but I. His form had filled out, his wrinkles were gone, the dull

+eyes had regained their fire, and there, sitting by the fire and

+grinning at my surprise, was none other than Sherlock Holmes. He

+made a slight motion to me to approach him, and instantly, as he

+turned his face half round to the company once more, subsided

+into a doddering, loose-lipped senility.

+

+"Holmes!" I whispered, "what on earth are you doing in this den?"

+

+"As low as you can," he answered; "I have excellent ears. If you

+would have the great kindness to get rid of that sottish friend

+of yours I should be exceedingly glad to have a little talk with

+you."

+

+"I have a cab outside."

+

+"Then pray send him home in it. You may safely trust him, for he

+appears to be too limp to get into any mischief. I should

+recommend you also to send a note by the cabman to your wife to

+say that you have thrown in your lot with me. If you will wait

+outside, I shall be with you in five minutes."

+

+It was difficult to refuse any of Sherlock Holmes' requests, for

+they were always so exceedingly definite, and put forward with

+such a quiet air of mastery. I felt, however, that when Whitney

+was once confined in the cab my mission was practically

+accomplished; and for the rest, I could not wish anything better

+than to be associated with my friend in one of those singular

+adventures which were the normal condition of his existence. In a

+few minutes I had written my note, paid Whitney's bill, led him

+out to the cab, and seen him driven through the darkness. In a

+very short time a decrepit figure had emerged from the opium den,

+and I was walking down the street with Sherlock Holmes. For two

+streets he shuffled along with a bent back and an uncertain foot.

+Then, glancing quickly round, he straightened himself out and

+burst into a hearty fit of laughter.

+

+"I suppose, Watson," said he, "that you imagine that I have added

+opium-smoking to cocaine injections, and all the other little

+weaknesses on which you have favoured me with your medical

+views."

+

+"I was certainly surprised to find you there."

+

+"But not more so than I to find you."

+

+"I came to find a friend."

+

+"And I to find an enemy."

+

+"An enemy?"

+

+"Yes; one of my natural enemies, or, shall I say, my natural

+prey. Briefly, Watson, I am in the midst of a very remarkable

+inquiry, and I have hoped to find a clue in the incoherent

+ramblings of these sots, as I have done before now. Had I been

+recognised in that den my life would not have been worth an

+hour's purchase; for I have used it before now for my own

+purposes, and the rascally Lascar who runs it has sworn to have

+vengeance upon me. There is a trap-door at the back of that

+building, near the corner of Paul's Wharf, which could tell some

+strange tales of what has passed through it upon the moonless

+nights."

+

+"What! You do not mean bodies?"

+

+"Ay, bodies, Watson. We should be rich men if we had 1000 pounds

+for every poor devil who has been done to death in that den. It

+is the vilest murder-trap on the whole riverside, and I fear that

+Neville St. Clair has entered it never to leave it more. But our

+trap should be here." He put his two forefingers between his

+teeth and whistled shrilly--a signal which was answered by a

+similar whistle from the distance, followed shortly by the rattle

+of wheels and the clink of horses' hoofs.

+

+"Now, Watson," said Holmes, as a tall dog-cart dashed up through

+the gloom, throwing out two golden tunnels of yellow light from

+its side lanterns. "You'll come with me, won't you?"

+

+"If I can be of use."

+

+"Oh, a trusty comrade is always of use; and a chronicler still

+more so. My room at The Cedars is a double-bedded one."

+

+"The Cedars?"

+

+"Yes; that is Mr. St. Clair's house. I am staying there while I

+conduct the inquiry."

+

+"Where is it, then?"

+

+"Near Lee, in Kent. We have a seven-mile drive before us."

+

+"But I am all in the dark."

+

+"Of course you are. You'll know all about it presently. Jump up

+here. All right, John; we shall not need you. Here's half a

+crown. Look out for me to-morrow, about eleven. Give her her

+head. So long, then!"

+

+He flicked the horse with his whip, and we dashed away through

+the endless succession of sombre and deserted streets, which

+widened gradually, until we were flying across a broad

+balustraded bridge, with the murky river flowing sluggishly

+beneath us. Beyond lay another dull wilderness of bricks and

+mortar, its silence broken only by the heavy, regular footfall of

+the policeman, or the songs and shouts of some belated party of

+revellers. A dull wrack was drifting slowly across the sky, and a

+star or two twinkled dimly here and there through the rifts of

+the clouds. Holmes drove in silence, with his head sunk upon his

+breast, and the air of a man who is lost in thought, while I sat

+beside him, curious to learn what this new quest might be which

+seemed to tax his powers so sorely, and yet afraid to break in

+upon the current of his thoughts. We had driven several miles,

+and were beginning to get to the fringe of the belt of suburban

+villas, when he shook himself, shrugged his shoulders, and lit up

+his pipe with the air of a man who has satisfied himself that he

+is acting for the best.

+

+"You have a grand gift of silence, Watson," said he. "It makes

+you quite invaluable as a companion. 'Pon my word, it is a great

+thing for me to have someone to talk to, for my own thoughts are

+not over-pleasant. I was wondering what I should say to this dear

+little woman to-night when she meets me at the door."

+

+"You forget that I know nothing about it."

+

+"I shall just have time to tell you the facts of the case before

+we get to Lee. It seems absurdly simple, and yet, somehow I can

+get nothing to go upon. There's plenty of thread, no doubt, but I

+can't get the end of it into my hand. Now, I'll state the case

+clearly and concisely to you, Watson, and maybe you can see a

+spark where all is dark to me."

+

+"Proceed, then."

+

+"Some years ago--to be definite, in May, 1884--there came to Lee

+a gentleman, Neville St. Clair by name, who appeared to have

+plenty of money. He took a large villa, laid out the grounds very

+nicely, and lived generally in good style. By degrees he made

+friends in the neighbourhood, and in 1887 he married the daughter

+of a local brewer, by whom he now has two children. He had no

+occupation, but was interested in several companies and went into

+town as a rule in the morning, returning by the 5:14 from Cannon

+Street every night. Mr. St. Clair is now thirty-seven years of

+age, is a man of temperate habits, a good husband, a very

+affectionate father, and a man who is popular with all who know

+him. I may add that his whole debts at the present moment, as far

+as we have been able to ascertain, amount to 88 pounds 10s., while

+he has 220 pounds standing to his credit in the Capital and

+Counties Bank. There is no reason, therefore, to think that money

+troubles have been weighing upon his mind.

+

+"Last Monday Mr. Neville St. Clair went into town rather earlier

+than usual, remarking before he started that he had two important

+commissions to perform, and that he would bring his little boy

+home a box of bricks. Now, by the merest chance, his wife

+received a telegram upon this same Monday, very shortly after his

+departure, to the effect that a small parcel of considerable

+value which she had been expecting was waiting for her at the

+offices of the Aberdeen Shipping Company. Now, if you are well up

+in your London, you will know that the office of the company is

+in Fresno Street, which branches out of Upper Swandam Lane, where

+you found me to-night. Mrs. St. Clair had her lunch, started for

+the City, did some shopping, proceeded to the company's office,

+got her packet, and found herself at exactly 4:35 walking through

+Swandam Lane on her way back to the station. Have you followed me

+so far?"

+

+"It is very clear."

+

+"If you remember, Monday was an exceedingly hot day, and Mrs. St.

+Clair walked slowly, glancing about in the hope of seeing a cab,

+as she did not like the neighbourhood in which she found herself.

+While she was walking in this way down Swandam Lane, she suddenly

+heard an ejaculation or cry, and was struck cold to see her

+husband looking down at her and, as it seemed to her, beckoning

+to her from a second-floor window. The window was open, and she

+distinctly saw his face, which she describes as being terribly

+agitated. He waved his hands frantically to her, and then

+vanished from the window so suddenly that it seemed to her that

+he had been plucked back by some irresistible force from behind.

+One singular point which struck her quick feminine eye was that

+although he wore some dark coat, such as he had started to town

+in, he had on neither collar nor necktie.

+

+"Convinced that something was amiss with him, she rushed down the

+steps--for the house was none other than the opium den in which

+you found me to-night--and running through the front room she

+attempted to ascend the stairs which led to the first floor. At

+the foot of the stairs, however, she met this Lascar scoundrel of

+whom I have spoken, who thrust her back and, aided by a Dane, who

+acts as assistant there, pushed her out into the street. Filled

+with the most maddening doubts and fears, she rushed down the

+lane and, by rare good-fortune, met in Fresno Street a number of

+constables with an inspector, all on their way to their beat. The

+inspector and two men accompanied her back, and in spite of the

+continued resistance of the proprietor, they made their way to

+the room in which Mr. St. Clair had last been seen. There was no

+sign of him there. In fact, in the whole of that floor there was

+no one to be found save a crippled wretch of hideous aspect, who,

+it seems, made his home there. Both he and the Lascar stoutly

+swore that no one else had been in the front room during the

+afternoon. So determined was their denial that the inspector was

+staggered, and had almost come to believe that Mrs. St. Clair had

+been deluded when, with a cry, she sprang at a small deal box

+which lay upon the table and tore the lid from it. Out there fell

+a cascade of children's bricks. It was the toy which he had

+promised to bring home.

+

+"This discovery, and the evident confusion which the cripple

+showed, made the inspector realise that the matter was serious.

+The rooms were carefully examined, and results all pointed to an

+abominable crime. The front room was plainly furnished as a

+sitting-room and led into a small bedroom, which looked out upon

+the back of one of the wharves. Between the wharf and the bedroom

+window is a narrow strip, which is dry at low tide but is covered

+at high tide with at least four and a half feet of water. The

+bedroom window was a broad one and opened from below. On

+examination traces of blood were to be seen upon the windowsill,

+and several scattered drops were visible upon the wooden floor of

+the bedroom. Thrust away behind a curtain in the front room were

+all the clothes of Mr. Neville St. Clair, with the exception of

+his coat. His boots, his socks, his hat, and his watch--all were

+there. There were no signs of violence upon any of these

+garments, and there were no other traces of Mr. Neville St.

+Clair. Out of the window he must apparently have gone for no

+other exit could be discovered, and the ominous bloodstains upon

+the sill gave little promise that he could save himself by

+swimming, for the tide was at its very highest at the moment of

+the tragedy.

+

+"And now as to the villains who seemed to be immediately

+implicated in the matter. The Lascar was known to be a man of the

+vilest antecedents, but as, by Mrs. St. Clair's story, he was

+known to have been at the foot of the stair within a very few

+seconds of her husband's appearance at the window, he could

+hardly have been more than an accessory to the crime. His defence

+was one of absolute ignorance, and he protested that he had no

+knowledge as to the doings of Hugh Boone, his lodger, and that he

+could not account in any way for the presence of the missing

+gentleman's clothes.

+

+"So much for the Lascar manager. Now for the sinister cripple who

+lives upon the second floor of the opium den, and who was

+certainly the last human being whose eyes rested upon Neville St.

+Clair. His name is Hugh Boone, and his hideous face is one which

+is familiar to every man who goes much to the City. He is a

+professional beggar, though in order to avoid the police

+regulations he pretends to a small trade in wax vestas. Some

+little distance down Threadneedle Street, upon the left-hand

+side, there is, as you may have remarked, a small angle in the

+wall. Here it is that this creature takes his daily seat,

+cross-legged with his tiny stock of matches on his lap, and as he

+is a piteous spectacle a small rain of charity descends into the

+greasy leather cap which lies upon the pavement beside him. I

+have watched the fellow more than once before ever I thought of

+making his professional acquaintance, and I have been surprised

+at the harvest which he has reaped in a short time. His

+appearance, you see, is so remarkable that no one can pass him

+without observing him. A shock of orange hair, a pale face

+disfigured by a horrible scar, which, by its contraction, has

+turned up the outer edge of his upper lip, a bulldog chin, and a

+pair of very penetrating dark eyes, which present a singular

+contrast to the colour of his hair, all mark him out from amid

+the common crowd of mendicants and so, too, does his wit, for he

+is ever ready with a reply to any piece of chaff which may be

+thrown at him by the passers-by. This is the man whom we now

+learn to have been the lodger at the opium den, and to have been

+the last man to see the gentleman of whom we are in quest."

+

+"But a cripple!" said I. "What could he have done single-handed

+against a man in the prime of life?"

+

+"He is a cripple in the sense that he walks with a limp; but in

+other respects he appears to be a powerful and well-nurtured man.

+Surely your medical experience would tell you, Watson, that

+weakness in one limb is often compensated for by exceptional

+strength in the others."

+

+"Pray continue your narrative."

+

+"Mrs. St. Clair had fainted at the sight of the blood upon the

+window, and she was escorted home in a cab by the police, as her

+presence could be of no help to them in their investigations.

+Inspector Barton, who had charge of the case, made a very careful

+examination of the premises, but without finding anything which

+threw any light upon the matter. One mistake had been made in not

+arresting Boone instantly, as he was allowed some few minutes

+during which he might have communicated with his friend the

+Lascar, but this fault was soon remedied, and he was seized and

+searched, without anything being found which could incriminate

+him. There were, it is true, some blood-stains upon his right

+shirt-sleeve, but he pointed to his ring-finger, which had been

+cut near the nail, and explained that the bleeding came from

+there, adding that he had been to the window not long before, and

+that the stains which had been observed there came doubtless from

+the same source. He denied strenuously having ever seen Mr.

+Neville St. Clair and swore that the presence of the clothes in

+his room was as much a mystery to him as to the police. As to

+Mrs. St. Clair's assertion that she had actually seen her husband

+at the window, he declared that she must have been either mad or

+dreaming. He was removed, loudly protesting, to the

+police-station, while the inspector remained upon the premises in

+the hope that the ebbing tide might afford some fresh clue.

+

+"And it did, though they hardly found upon the mud-bank what they

+had feared to find. It was Neville St. Clair's coat, and not

+Neville St. Clair, which lay uncovered as the tide receded. And

+what do you think they found in the pockets?"

+

+"I cannot imagine."

+

+"No, I don't think you would guess. Every pocket stuffed with

+pennies and half-pennies--421 pennies and 270 half-pennies. It

+was no wonder that it had not been swept away by the tide. But a

+human body is a different matter. There is a fierce eddy between

+the wharf and the house. It seemed likely enough that the

+weighted coat had remained when the stripped body had been sucked

+away into the river."

+

+"But I understand that all the other clothes were found in the

+room. Would the body be dressed in a coat alone?"

+

+"No, sir, but the facts might be met speciously enough. Suppose

+that this man Boone had thrust Neville St. Clair through the

+window, there is no human eye which could have seen the deed.

+What would he do then? It would of course instantly strike him

+that he must get rid of the tell-tale garments. He would seize

+the coat, then, and be in the act of throwing it out, when it

+would occur to him that it would swim and not sink. He has little

+time, for he has heard the scuffle downstairs when the wife tried

+to force her way up, and perhaps he has already heard from his

+Lascar confederate that the police are hurrying up the street.

+There is not an instant to be lost. He rushes to some secret

+hoard, where he has accumulated the fruits of his beggary, and he

+stuffs all the coins upon which he can lay his hands into the

+pockets to make sure of the coat's sinking. He throws it out, and

+would have done the same with the other garments had not he heard

+the rush of steps below, and only just had time to close the

+window when the police appeared."

+

+"It certainly sounds feasible."

+

+"Well, we will take it as a working hypothesis for want of a

+better. Boone, as I have told you, was arrested and taken to the

+station, but it could not be shown that there had ever before

+been anything against him. He had for years been known as a

+professional beggar, but his life appeared to have been a very

+quiet and innocent one. There the matter stands at present, and

+the questions which have to be solved--what Neville St. Clair was

+doing in the opium den, what happened to him when there, where is

+he now, and what Hugh Boone had to do with his disappearance--are

+all as far from a solution as ever. I confess that I cannot

+recall any case within my experience which looked at the first

+glance so simple and yet which presented such difficulties."

+

+While Sherlock Holmes had been detailing this singular series of

+events, we had been whirling through the outskirts of the great

+town until the last straggling houses had been left behind, and

+we rattled along with a country hedge upon either side of us.

+Just as he finished, however, we drove through two scattered

+villages, where a few lights still glimmered in the windows.

+

+"We are on the outskirts of Lee," said my companion. "We have

+touched on three English counties in our short drive, starting in

+Middlesex, passing over an angle of Surrey, and ending in Kent.

+See that light among the trees? That is The Cedars, and beside

+that lamp sits a woman whose anxious ears have already, I have

+little doubt, caught the clink of our horse's feet."

+

+"But why are you not conducting the case from Baker Street?" I

+asked.

+

+"Because there are many inquiries which must be made out here.

+Mrs. St. Clair has most kindly put two rooms at my disposal, and

+you may rest assured that she will have nothing but a welcome for

+my friend and colleague. I hate to meet her, Watson, when I have

+no news of her husband. Here we are. Whoa, there, whoa!"

+

+We had pulled up in front of a large villa which stood within its

+own grounds. A stable-boy had run out to the horse's head, and

+springing down, I followed Holmes up the small, winding

+gravel-drive which led to the house. As we approached, the door

+flew open, and a little blonde woman stood in the opening, clad

+in some sort of light mousseline de soie, with a touch of fluffy

+pink chiffon at her neck and wrists. She stood with her figure

+outlined against the flood of light, one hand upon the door, one

+half-raised in her eagerness, her body slightly bent, her head

+and face protruded, with eager eyes and parted lips, a standing

+question.

+

+"Well?" she cried, "well?" And then, seeing that there were two

+of us, she gave a cry of hope which sank into a groan as she saw

+that my companion shook his head and shrugged his shoulders.

+

+"No good news?"

+

+"None."

+

+"No bad?"

+

+"No."

+

+"Thank God for that. But come in. You must be weary, for you have

+had a long day."

+

+"This is my friend, Dr. Watson. He has been of most vital use to

+me in several of my cases, and a lucky chance has made it

+possible for me to bring him out and associate him with this

+investigation."

+

+"I am delighted to see you," said she, pressing my hand warmly.

+"You will, I am sure, forgive anything that may be wanting in our

+arrangements, when you consider the blow which has come so

+suddenly upon us."

+

+"My dear madam," said I, "I am an old campaigner, and if I were

+not I can very well see that no apology is needed. If I can be of

+any assistance, either to you or to my friend here, I shall be

+indeed happy."

+

+"Now, Mr. Sherlock Holmes," said the lady as we entered a

+well-lit dining-room, upon the table of which a cold supper had

+been laid out, "I should very much like to ask you one or two

+plain questions, to which I beg that you will give a plain

+answer."

+

+"Certainly, madam."

+

+"Do not trouble about my feelings. I am not hysterical, nor given

+to fainting. I simply wish to hear your real, real opinion."

+

+"Upon what point?"

+

+"In your heart of hearts, do you think that Neville is alive?"

+

+Sherlock Holmes seemed to be embarrassed by the question.

+"Frankly, now!" she repeated, standing upon the rug and looking

+keenly down at him as he leaned back in a basket-chair.

+

+"Frankly, then, madam, I do not."

+

+"You think that he is dead?"

+

+"I do."

+

+"Murdered?"

+

+"I don't say that. Perhaps."

+

+"And on what day did he meet his death?"

+

+"On Monday."

+

+"Then perhaps, Mr. Holmes, you will be good enough to explain how

+it is that I have received a letter from him to-day."

+

+Sherlock Holmes sprang out of his chair as if he had been

+galvanised.

+

+"What!" he roared.

+

+"Yes, to-day." She stood smiling, holding up a little slip of

+paper in the air.

+

+"May I see it?"

+

+"Certainly."

+

+He snatched it from her in his eagerness, and smoothing it out

+upon the table he drew over the lamp and examined it intently. I

+had left my chair and was gazing at it over his shoulder. The

+envelope was a very coarse one and was stamped with the Gravesend

+postmark and with the date of that very day, or rather of the day

+before, for it was considerably after midnight.

+

+"Coarse writing," murmured Holmes. "Surely this is not your

+husband's writing, madam."

+

+"No, but the enclosure is."

+

+"I perceive also that whoever addressed the envelope had to go

+and inquire as to the address."

+

+"How can you tell that?"

+

+"The name, you see, is in perfectly black ink, which has dried

+itself. The rest is of the greyish colour, which shows that

+blotting-paper has been used. If it had been written straight

+off, and then blotted, none would be of a deep black shade. This

+man has written the name, and there has then been a pause before

+he wrote the address, which can only mean that he was not

+familiar with it. It is, of course, a trifle, but there is

+nothing so important as trifles. Let us now see the letter. Ha!

+there has been an enclosure here!"

+

+"Yes, there was a ring. His signet-ring."

+

+"And you are sure that this is your husband's hand?"

+

+"One of his hands."

+

+"One?"

+

+"His hand when he wrote hurriedly. It is very unlike his usual

+writing, and yet I know it well."

+

+"'Dearest do not be frightened. All will come well. There is a

+huge error which it may take some little time to rectify.

+Wait in patience.--NEVILLE.' Written in pencil upon the fly-leaf

+of a book, octavo size, no water-mark. Hum! Posted to-day in

+Gravesend by a man with a dirty thumb. Ha! And the flap has been

+gummed, if I am not very much in error, by a person who had been

+chewing tobacco. And you have no doubt that it is your husband's

+hand, madam?"

+

+"None. Neville wrote those words."

+

+"And they were posted to-day at Gravesend. Well, Mrs. St. Clair,

+the clouds lighten, though I should not venture to say that the

+danger is over."

+

+"But he must be alive, Mr. Holmes."

+

+"Unless this is a clever forgery to put us on the wrong scent.

+The ring, after all, proves nothing. It may have been taken from

+him."

+

+"No, no; it is, it is his very own writing!"

+

+"Very well. It may, however, have been written on Monday and only

+posted to-day."

+

+"That is possible."

+

+"If so, much may have happened between."

+

+"Oh, you must not discourage me, Mr. Holmes. I know that all is

+well with him. There is so keen a sympathy between us that I

+should know if evil came upon him. On the very day that I saw him

+last he cut himself in the bedroom, and yet I in the dining-room

+rushed upstairs instantly with the utmost certainty that

+something had happened. Do you think that I would respond to such

+a trifle and yet be ignorant of his death?"

+

+"I have seen too much not to know that the impression of a woman

+may be more valuable than the conclusion of an analytical

+reasoner. And in this letter you certainly have a very strong

+piece of evidence to corroborate your view. But if your husband

+is alive and able to write letters, why should he remain away

+from you?"

+

+"I cannot imagine. It is unthinkable."

+

+"And on Monday he made no remarks before leaving you?"

+

+"No."

+

+"And you were surprised to see him in Swandam Lane?"

+

+"Very much so."

+

+"Was the window open?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+"Then he might have called to you?"

+

+"He might."

+

+"He only, as I understand, gave an inarticulate cry?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+"A call for help, you thought?"

+

+"Yes. He waved his hands."

+

+"But it might have been a cry of surprise. Astonishment at the

+unexpected sight of you might cause him to throw up his hands?"

+

+"It is possible."

+

+"And you thought he was pulled back?"

+

+"He disappeared so suddenly."

+

+"He might have leaped back. You did not see anyone else in the

+room?"

+

+"No, but this horrible man confessed to having been there, and

+the Lascar was at the foot of the stairs."

+

+"Quite so. Your husband, as far as you could see, had his

+ordinary clothes on?"

+

+"But without his collar or tie. I distinctly saw his bare

+throat."

+

+"Had he ever spoken of Swandam Lane?"

+

+"Never."

+

+"Had he ever showed any signs of having taken opium?"

+

+"Never."

+

+"Thank you, Mrs. St. Clair. Those are the principal points about

+which I wished to be absolutely clear. We shall now have a little

+supper and then retire, for we may have a very busy day

+to-morrow."

+

+A large and comfortable double-bedded room had been placed at our

+disposal, and I was quickly between the sheets, for I was weary

+after my night of adventure. Sherlock Holmes was a man, however,

+who, when he had an unsolved problem upon his mind, would go for

+days, and even for a week, without rest, turning it over,

+rearranging his facts, looking at it from every point of view

+until he had either fathomed it or convinced himself that his

+data were insufficient. It was soon evident to me that he was now

+preparing for an all-night sitting. He took off his coat and

+waistcoat, put on a large blue dressing-gown, and then wandered

+about the room collecting pillows from his bed and cushions from

+the sofa and armchairs. With these he constructed a sort of

+Eastern divan, upon which he perched himself cross-legged, with

+an ounce of shag tobacco and a box of matches laid out in front

+of him. In the dim light of the lamp I saw him sitting there, an

+old briar pipe between his lips, his eyes fixed vacantly upon the

+corner of the ceiling, the blue smoke curling up from him,

+silent, motionless, with the light shining upon his strong-set

+aquiline features. So he sat as I dropped off to sleep, and so he

+sat when a sudden ejaculation caused me to wake up, and I found

+the summer sun shining into the apartment. The pipe was still

+between his lips, the smoke still curled upward, and the room was

+full of a dense tobacco haze, but nothing remained of the heap of

+shag which I had seen upon the previous night.

+

+"Awake, Watson?" he asked.

+

+"Yes."

+

+"Game for a morning drive?"

+

+"Certainly."

+

+"Then dress. No one is stirring yet, but I know where the

+stable-boy sleeps, and we shall soon have the trap out." He

+chuckled to himself as he spoke, his eyes twinkled, and he seemed

+a different man to the sombre thinker of the previous night.

+

+As I dressed I glanced at my watch. It was no wonder that no one

+was stirring. It was twenty-five minutes past four. I had hardly

+finished when Holmes returned with the news that the boy was

+putting in the horse.

+

+"I want to test a little theory of mine," said he, pulling on his

+boots. "I think, Watson, that you are now standing in the

+presence of one of the most absolute fools in Europe. I deserve

+to be kicked from here to Charing Cross. But I think I have the

+key of the affair now."

+

+"And where is it?" I asked, smiling.

+

+"In the bathroom," he answered. "Oh, yes, I am not joking," he

+continued, seeing my look of incredulity. "I have just been

+there, and I have taken it out, and I have got it in this

+Gladstone bag. Come on, my boy, and we shall see whether it will

+not fit the lock."

+

+We made our way downstairs as quietly as possible, and out into

+the bright morning sunshine. In the road stood our horse and

+trap, with the half-clad stable-boy waiting at the head. We both

+sprang in, and away we dashed down the London Road. A few country

+carts were stirring, bearing in vegetables to the metropolis, but

+the lines of villas on either side were as silent and lifeless as

+some city in a dream.

+

+"It has been in some points a singular case," said Holmes,

+flicking the horse on into a gallop. "I confess that I have been

+as blind as a mole, but it is better to learn wisdom late than

+never to learn it at all."

+

+In town the earliest risers were just beginning to look sleepily

+from their windows as we drove through the streets of the Surrey

+side. Passing down the Waterloo Bridge Road we crossed over the

+river, and dashing up Wellington Street wheeled sharply to the

+right and found ourselves in Bow Street. Sherlock Holmes was well

+known to the force, and the two constables at the door saluted

+him. One of them held the horse's head while the other led us in.

+

+"Who is on duty?" asked Holmes.

+

+"Inspector Bradstreet, sir."

+

+"Ah, Bradstreet, how are you?" A tall, stout official had come

+down the stone-flagged passage, in a peaked cap and frogged

+jacket. "I wish to have a quiet word with you, Bradstreet."

+"Certainly, Mr. Holmes. Step into my room here." It was a small,

+office-like room, with a huge ledger upon the table, and a

+telephone projecting from the wall. The inspector sat down at his

+desk.

+

+"What can I do for you, Mr. Holmes?"

+

+"I called about that beggarman, Boone--the one who was charged

+with being concerned in the disappearance of Mr. Neville St.

+Clair, of Lee."

+

+"Yes. He was brought up and remanded for further inquiries."

+

+"So I heard. You have him here?"

+

+"In the cells."

+

+"Is he quiet?"

+

+"Oh, he gives no trouble. But he is a dirty scoundrel."

+

+"Dirty?"

+

+"Yes, it is all we can do to make him wash his hands, and his

+face is as black as a tinker's. Well, when once his case has been

+settled, he will have a regular prison bath; and I think, if you

+saw him, you would agree with me that he needed it."

+

+"I should like to see him very much."

+

+"Would you? That is easily done. Come this way. You can leave

+your bag."

+

+"No, I think that I'll take it."

+

+"Very good. Come this way, if you please." He led us down a

+passage, opened a barred door, passed down a winding stair, and

+brought us to a whitewashed corridor with a line of doors on each

+side.

+

+"The third on the right is his," said the inspector. "Here it

+is!" He quietly shot back a panel in the upper part of the door

+and glanced through.

+

+"He is asleep," said he. "You can see him very well."

+

+We both put our eyes to the grating. The prisoner lay with his

+face towards us, in a very deep sleep, breathing slowly and

+heavily. He was a middle-sized man, coarsely clad as became his

+calling, with a coloured shirt protruding through the rent in his

+tattered coat. He was, as the inspector had said, extremely

+dirty, but the grime which covered his face could not conceal its

+repulsive ugliness. A broad wheal from an old scar ran right

+across it from eye to chin, and by its contraction had turned up

+one side of the upper lip, so that three teeth were exposed in a

+perpetual snarl. A shock of very bright red hair grew low over

+his eyes and forehead.

+

+"He's a beauty, isn't he?" said the inspector.

+

+"He certainly needs a wash," remarked Holmes. "I had an idea that

+he might, and I took the liberty of bringing the tools with me."

+He opened the Gladstone bag as he spoke, and took out, to my

+astonishment, a very large bath-sponge.

+

+"He! he! You are a funny one," chuckled the inspector.

+

+"Now, if you will have the great goodness to open that door very

+quietly, we will soon make him cut a much more respectable

+figure."

+

+"Well, I don't know why not," said the inspector. "He doesn't

+look a credit to the Bow Street cells, does he?" He slipped his

+key into the lock, and we all very quietly entered the cell. The

+sleeper half turned, and then settled down once more into a deep

+slumber. Holmes stooped to the water-jug, moistened his sponge,

+and then rubbed it twice vigorously across and down the

+prisoner's face.

+

+"Let me introduce you," he shouted, "to Mr. Neville St. Clair, of

+Lee, in the county of Kent."

+

+Never in my life have I seen such a sight. The man's face peeled

+off under the sponge like the bark from a tree. Gone was the

+coarse brown tint! Gone, too, was the horrid scar which had

+seamed it across, and the twisted lip which had given the

+repulsive sneer to the face! A twitch brought away the tangled

+red hair, and there, sitting up in his bed, was a pale,

+sad-faced, refined-looking man, black-haired and smooth-skinned,

+rubbing his eyes and staring about him with sleepy bewilderment.

+Then suddenly realising the exposure, he broke into a scream and

+threw himself down with his face to the pillow.

+

+"Great heavens!" cried the inspector, "it is, indeed, the missing

+man. I know him from the photograph."

+

+The prisoner turned with the reckless air of a man who abandons

+himself to his destiny. "Be it so," said he. "And pray what am I

+charged with?"

+

+"With making away with Mr. Neville St.-- Oh, come, you can't be

+charged with that unless they make a case of attempted suicide of

+it," said the inspector with a grin. "Well, I have been

+twenty-seven years in the force, but this really takes the cake."

+

+"If I am Mr. Neville St. Clair, then it is obvious that no crime

+has been committed, and that, therefore, I am illegally

+detained."

+

+"No crime, but a very great error has been committed," said

+Holmes. "You would have done better to have trusted your wife."

+

+"It was not the wife; it was the children," groaned the prisoner.

+"God help me, I would not have them ashamed of their father. My

+God! What an exposure! What can I do?"

+

+Sherlock Holmes sat down beside him on the couch and patted him

+kindly on the shoulder.

+

+"If you leave it to a court of law to clear the matter up," said

+he, "of course you can hardly avoid publicity. On the other hand,

+if you convince the police authorities that there is no possible

+case against you, I do not know that there is any reason that the

+details should find their way into the papers. Inspector

+Bradstreet would, I am sure, make notes upon anything which you

+might tell us and submit it to the proper authorities. The case

+would then never go into court at all."

+

+"God bless you!" cried the prisoner passionately. "I would have

+endured imprisonment, ay, even execution, rather than have left

+my miserable secret as a family blot to my children.

+

+"You are the first who have ever heard my story. My father was a

+schoolmaster in Chesterfield, where I received an excellent

+education. I travelled in my youth, took to the stage, and

+finally became a reporter on an evening paper in London. One day

+my editor wished to have a series of articles upon begging in the

+metropolis, and I volunteered to supply them. There was the point

+from which all my adventures started. It was only by trying

+begging as an amateur that I could get the facts upon which to

+base my articles. When an actor I had, of course, learned all the

+secrets of making up, and had been famous in the green-room for

+my skill. I took advantage now of my attainments. I painted my

+face, and to make myself as pitiable as possible I made a good

+scar and fixed one side of my lip in a twist by the aid of a

+small slip of flesh-coloured plaster. Then with a red head of

+hair, and an appropriate dress, I took my station in the business

+part of the city, ostensibly as a match-seller but really as a

+beggar. For seven hours I plied my trade, and when I returned

+home in the evening I found to my surprise that I had received no

+less than 26s. 4d.

+

+"I wrote my articles and thought little more of the matter until,

+some time later, I backed a bill for a friend and had a writ

+served upon me for 25 pounds. I was at my wit's end where to get

+the money, but a sudden idea came to me. I begged a fortnight's

+grace from the creditor, asked for a holiday from my employers,

+and spent the time in begging in the City under my disguise. In

+ten days I had the money and had paid the debt.

+

+"Well, you can imagine how hard it was to settle down to arduous

+work at 2 pounds a week when I knew that I could earn as much in

+a day by smearing my face with a little paint, laying my cap on

+the ground, and sitting still. It was a long fight between my

+pride and the money, but the dollars won at last, and I threw up

+reporting and sat day after day in the corner which I had first

+chosen, inspiring pity by my ghastly face and filling my pockets

+with coppers. Only one man knew my secret. He was the keeper of a

+low den in which I used to lodge in Swandam Lane, where I could

+every morning emerge as a squalid beggar and in the evenings

+transform myself into a well-dressed man about town. This fellow,

+a Lascar, was well paid by me for his rooms, so that I knew that

+my secret was safe in his possession.

+

+"Well, very soon I found that I was saving considerable sums of

+money. I do not mean that any beggar in the streets of London

+could earn 700 pounds a year--which is less than my average

+takings--but I had exceptional advantages in my power of making

+up, and also in a facility of repartee, which improved by

+practice and made me quite a recognised character in the City.

+All day a stream of pennies, varied by silver, poured in upon me,

+and it was a very bad day in which I failed to take 2 pounds.

+

+"As I grew richer I grew more ambitious, took a house in the

+country, and eventually married, without anyone having a

+suspicion as to my real occupation. My dear wife knew that I had

+business in the City. She little knew what.

+

+"Last Monday I had finished for the day and was dressing in my

+room above the opium den when I looked out of my window and saw,

+to my horror and astonishment, that my wife was standing in the

+street, with her eyes fixed full upon me. I gave a cry of

+surprise, threw up my arms to cover my face, and, rushing to my

+confidant, the Lascar, entreated him to prevent anyone from

+coming up to me. I heard her voice downstairs, but I knew that

+she could not ascend. Swiftly I threw off my clothes, pulled on

+those of a beggar, and put on my pigments and wig. Even a wife's

+eyes could not pierce so complete a disguise. But then it

+occurred to me that there might be a search in the room, and that

+the clothes might betray me. I threw open the window, reopening

+by my violence a small cut which I had inflicted upon myself in

+the bedroom that morning. Then I seized my coat, which was

+weighted by the coppers which I had just transferred to it from

+the leather bag in which I carried my takings. I hurled it out of

+the window, and it disappeared into the Thames. The other clothes

+would have followed, but at that moment there was a rush of

+constables up the stair, and a few minutes after I found, rather,

+I confess, to my relief, that instead of being identified as Mr.

+Neville St. Clair, I was arrested as his murderer.

+

+"I do not know that there is anything else for me to explain. I

+was determined to preserve my disguise as long as possible, and

+hence my preference for a dirty face. Knowing that my wife would

+be terribly anxious, I slipped off my ring and confided it to the

+Lascar at a moment when no constable was watching me, together

+with a hurried scrawl, telling her that she had no cause to

+fear."

+

+"That note only reached her yesterday," said Holmes.

+

+"Good God! What a week she must have spent!"

+

+"The police have watched this Lascar," said Inspector Bradstreet,

+"and I can quite understand that he might find it difficult to

+post a letter unobserved. Probably he handed it to some sailor

+customer of his, who forgot all about it for some days."

+

+"That was it," said Holmes, nodding approvingly; "I have no doubt

+of it. But have you never been prosecuted for begging?"

+

+"Many times; but what was a fine to me?"

+

+"It must stop here, however," said Bradstreet. "If the police are

+to hush this thing up, there must be no more of Hugh Boone."

+

+"I have sworn it by the most solemn oaths which a man can take."

+

+"In that case I think that it is probable that no further steps

+may be taken. But if you are found again, then all must come out.

+I am sure, Mr. Holmes, that we are very much indebted to you for

+having cleared the matter up. I wish I knew how you reach your

+results."

+

+"I reached this one," said my friend, "by sitting upon five

+pillows and consuming an ounce of shag. I think, Watson, that if

+we drive to Baker Street we shall just be in time for breakfast."

+

+

+

+VII. THE ADVENTURE OF THE BLUE CARBUNCLE

+

+I had called upon my friend Sherlock Holmes upon the second

+morning after Christmas, with the intention of wishing him the

+compliments of the season. He was lounging upon the sofa in a

+purple dressing-gown, a pipe-rack within his reach upon the

+right, and a pile of crumpled morning papers, evidently newly

+studied, near at hand. Beside the couch was a wooden chair, and

+on the angle of the back hung a very seedy and disreputable

+hard-felt hat, much the worse for wear, and cracked in several

+places. A lens and a forceps lying upon the seat of the chair

+suggested that the hat had been suspended in this manner for the

+purpose of examination.

+

+"You are engaged," said I; "perhaps I interrupt you."

+

+"Not at all. I am glad to have a friend with whom I can discuss

+my results. The matter is a perfectly trivial one"--he jerked his

+thumb in the direction of the old hat--"but there are points in

+connection with it which are not entirely devoid of interest and

+even of instruction."

+

+I seated myself in his armchair and warmed my hands before his

+crackling fire, for a sharp frost had set in, and the windows

+were thick with the ice crystals. "I suppose," I remarked, "that,

+homely as it looks, this thing has some deadly story linked on to

+it--that it is the clue which will guide you in the solution of

+some mystery and the punishment of some crime."

+

+"No, no. No crime," said Sherlock Holmes, laughing. "Only one of

+those whimsical little incidents which will happen when you have

+four million human beings all jostling each other within the

+space of a few square miles. Amid the action and reaction of so

+dense a swarm of humanity, every possible combination of events

+may be expected to take place, and many a little problem will be

+presented which may be striking and bizarre without being

+criminal. We have already had experience of such."

+

+"So much so," I remarked, "that of the last six cases which I

+have added to my notes, three have been entirely free of any

+legal crime."

+

+"Precisely. You allude to my attempt to recover the Irene Adler

+papers, to the singular case of Miss Mary Sutherland, and to the

+adventure of the man with the twisted lip. Well, I have no doubt

+that this small matter will fall into the same innocent category.

+You know Peterson, the commissionaire?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+"It is to him that this trophy belongs."

+

+"It is his hat."

+

+"No, no, he found it. Its owner is unknown. I beg that you will

+look upon it not as a battered billycock but as an intellectual

+problem. And, first, as to how it came here. It arrived upon

+Christmas morning, in company with a good fat goose, which is, I

+have no doubt, roasting at this moment in front of Peterson's

+fire. The facts are these: about four o'clock on Christmas

+morning, Peterson, who, as you know, is a very honest fellow, was

+returning from some small jollification and was making his way

+homeward down Tottenham Court Road. In front of him he saw, in

+the gaslight, a tallish man, walking with a slight stagger, and

+carrying a white goose slung over his shoulder. As he reached the

+corner of Goodge Street, a row broke out between this stranger

+and a little knot of roughs. One of the latter knocked off the

+man's hat, on which he raised his stick to defend himself and,

+swinging it over his head, smashed the shop window behind him.

+Peterson had rushed forward to protect the stranger from his

+assailants; but the man, shocked at having broken the window, and

+seeing an official-looking person in uniform rushing towards him,

+dropped his goose, took to his heels, and vanished amid the

+labyrinth of small streets which lie at the back of Tottenham

+Court Road. The roughs had also fled at the appearance of

+Peterson, so that he was left in possession of the field of

+battle, and also of the spoils of victory in the shape of this

+battered hat and a most unimpeachable Christmas goose."

+

+"Which surely he restored to their owner?"

+

+"My dear fellow, there lies the problem. It is true that 'For

+Mrs. Henry Baker' was printed upon a small card which was tied to

+the bird's left leg, and it is also true that the initials 'H.

+B.' are legible upon the lining of this hat, but as there are

+some thousands of Bakers, and some hundreds of Henry Bakers in

+this city of ours, it is not easy to restore lost property to any

+one of them."

+

+"What, then, did Peterson do?"

+

+"He brought round both hat and goose to me on Christmas morning,

+knowing that even the smallest problems are of interest to me.

+The goose we retained until this morning, when there were signs

+that, in spite of the slight frost, it would be well that it

+should be eaten without unnecessary delay. Its finder has carried

+it off, therefore, to fulfil the ultimate destiny of a goose,

+while I continue to retain the hat of the unknown gentleman who

+lost his Christmas dinner."

+

+"Did he not advertise?"

+

+"No."

+

+"Then, what clue could you have as to his identity?"

+

+"Only as much as we can deduce."

+

+"From his hat?"

+

+"Precisely."

+

+"But you are joking. What can you gather from this old battered

+felt?"

+

+"Here is my lens. You know my methods. What can you gather

+yourself as to the individuality of the man who has worn this

+article?"

+

+I took the tattered object in my hands and turned it over rather

+ruefully. It was a very ordinary black hat of the usual round

+shape, hard and much the worse for wear. The lining had been of

+red silk, but was a good deal discoloured. There was no maker's

+name; but, as Holmes had remarked, the initials "H. B." were

+scrawled upon one side. It was pierced in the brim for a

+hat-securer, but the elastic was missing. For the rest, it was

+cracked, exceedingly dusty, and spotted in several places,

+although there seemed to have been some attempt to hide the

+discoloured patches by smearing them with ink.

+

+"I can see nothing," said I, handing it back to my friend.

+

+"On the contrary, Watson, you can see everything. You fail,

+however, to reason from what you see. You are too timid in

+drawing your inferences."

+

+"Then, pray tell me what it is that you can infer from this hat?"

+

+He picked it up and gazed at it in the peculiar introspective

+fashion which was characteristic of him. "It is perhaps less

+suggestive than it might have been," he remarked, "and yet there

+are a few inferences which are very distinct, and a few others

+which represent at least a strong balance of probability. That

+the man was highly intellectual is of course obvious upon the

+face of it, and also that he was fairly well-to-do within the

+last three years, although he has now fallen upon evil days. He

+had foresight, but has less now than formerly, pointing to a

+moral retrogression, which, when taken with the decline of his

+fortunes, seems to indicate some evil influence, probably drink,

+at work upon him. This may account also for the obvious fact that

+his wife has ceased to love him."

+

+"My dear Holmes!"

+

+"He has, however, retained some degree of self-respect," he

+continued, disregarding my remonstrance. "He is a man who leads a

+sedentary life, goes out little, is out of training entirely, is

+middle-aged, has grizzled hair which he has had cut within the

+last few days, and which he anoints with lime-cream. These are

+the more patent facts which are to be deduced from his hat. Also,

+by the way, that it is extremely improbable that he has gas laid

+on in his house."

+

+"You are certainly joking, Holmes."

+

+"Not in the least. Is it possible that even now, when I give you

+these results, you are unable to see how they are attained?"

+

+"I have no doubt that I am very stupid, but I must confess that I

+am unable to follow you. For example, how did you deduce that

+this man was intellectual?"

+

+For answer Holmes clapped the hat upon his head. It came right

+over the forehead and settled upon the bridge of his nose. "It is

+a question of cubic capacity," said he; "a man with so large a

+brain must have something in it."

+

+"The decline of his fortunes, then?"

+

+"This hat is three years old. These flat brims curled at the edge

+came in then. It is a hat of the very best quality. Look at the

+band of ribbed silk and the excellent lining. If this man could

+afford to buy so expensive a hat three years ago, and has had no

+hat since, then he has assuredly gone down in the world."

+

+"Well, that is clear enough, certainly. But how about the

+foresight and the moral retrogression?"

+

+Sherlock Holmes laughed. "Here is the foresight," said he putting

+his finger upon the little disc and loop of the hat-securer.

+"They are never sold upon hats. If this man ordered one, it is a

+sign of a certain amount of foresight, since he went out of his

+way to take this precaution against the wind. But since we see

+that he has broken the elastic and has not troubled to replace

+it, it is obvious that he has less foresight now than formerly,

+which is a distinct proof of a weakening nature. On the other

+hand, he has endeavoured to conceal some of these stains upon the

+felt by daubing them with ink, which is a sign that he has not

+entirely lost his self-respect."

+

+"Your reasoning is certainly plausible."

+

+"The further points, that he is middle-aged, that his hair is

+grizzled, that it has been recently cut, and that he uses

+lime-cream, are all to be gathered from a close examination of the

+lower part of the lining. The lens discloses a large number of

+hair-ends, clean cut by the scissors of the barber. They all

+appear to be adhesive, and there is a distinct odour of

+lime-cream. This dust, you will observe, is not the gritty, grey

+dust of the street but the fluffy brown dust of the house,

+showing that it has been hung up indoors most of the time, while

+the marks of moisture upon the inside are proof positive that the

+wearer perspired very freely, and could therefore, hardly be in

+the best of training."

+

+"But his wife--you said that she had ceased to love him."

+

+"This hat has not been brushed for weeks. When I see you, my dear

+Watson, with a week's accumulation of dust upon your hat, and

+when your wife allows you to go out in such a state, I shall fear

+that you also have been unfortunate enough to lose your wife's

+affection."

+

+"But he might be a bachelor."

+

+"Nay, he was bringing home the goose as a peace-offering to his

+wife. Remember the card upon the bird's leg."

+

+"You have an answer to everything. But how on earth do you deduce

+that the gas is not laid on in his house?"

+

+"One tallow stain, or even two, might come by chance; but when I

+see no less than five, I think that there can be little doubt

+that the individual must be brought into frequent contact with

+burning tallow--walks upstairs at night probably with his hat in

+one hand and a guttering candle in the other. Anyhow, he never

+got tallow-stains from a gas-jet. Are you satisfied?"

+

+"Well, it is very ingenious," said I, laughing; "but since, as

+you said just now, there has been no crime committed, and no harm

+done save the loss of a goose, all this seems to be rather a

+waste of energy."

+

+Sherlock Holmes had opened his mouth to reply, when the door flew

+open, and Peterson, the commissionaire, rushed into the apartment

+with flushed cheeks and the face of a man who is dazed with

+astonishment.

+

+"The goose, Mr. Holmes! The goose, sir!" he gasped.

+

+"Eh? What of it, then? Has it returned to life and flapped off

+through the kitchen window?" Holmes twisted himself round upon

+the sofa to get a fairer view of the man's excited face.

+

+"See here, sir! See what my wife found in its crop!" He held out

+his hand and displayed upon the centre of the palm a brilliantly

+scintillating blue stone, rather smaller than a bean in size, but

+of such purity and radiance that it twinkled like an electric

+point in the dark hollow of his hand.

+

+Sherlock Holmes sat up with a whistle. "By Jove, Peterson!" said

+he, "this is treasure trove indeed. I suppose you know what you

+have got?"

+

+"A diamond, sir? A precious stone. It cuts into glass as though

+it were putty."

+

+"It's more than a precious stone. It is the precious stone."

+

+"Not the Countess of Morcar's blue carbuncle!" I ejaculated.

+

+"Precisely so. I ought to know its size and shape, seeing that I

+have read the advertisement about it in The Times every day

+lately. It is absolutely unique, and its value can only be

+conjectured, but the reward offered of 1000 pounds is certainly

+not within a twentieth part of the market price."

+

+"A thousand pounds! Great Lord of mercy!" The commissionaire

+plumped down into a chair and stared from one to the other of us.

+

+"That is the reward, and I have reason to know that there are

+sentimental considerations in the background which would induce

+the Countess to part with half her fortune if she could but

+recover the gem."

+

+"It was lost, if I remember aright, at the Hotel Cosmopolitan," I

+remarked.

+

+"Precisely so, on December 22nd, just five days ago. John Horner,

+a plumber, was accused of having abstracted it from the lady's

+jewel-case. The evidence against him was so strong that the case

+has been referred to the Assizes. I have some account of the

+matter here, I believe." He rummaged amid his newspapers,

+glancing over the dates, until at last he smoothed one out,

+doubled it over, and read the following paragraph:

+

+"Hotel Cosmopolitan Jewel Robbery. John Horner, 26, plumber, was

+brought up upon the charge of having upon the 22nd inst.,

+abstracted from the jewel-case of the Countess of Morcar the

+valuable gem known as the blue carbuncle. James Ryder,

+upper-attendant at the hotel, gave his evidence to the effect

+that he had shown Horner up to the dressing-room of the Countess

+of Morcar upon the day of the robbery in order that he might

+solder the second bar of the grate, which was loose. He had

+remained with Horner some little time, but had finally been

+called away. On returning, he found that Horner had disappeared,

+that the bureau had been forced open, and that the small morocco

+casket in which, as it afterwards transpired, the Countess was

+accustomed to keep her jewel, was lying empty upon the

+dressing-table. Ryder instantly gave the alarm, and Horner was

+arrested the same evening; but the stone could not be found

+either upon his person or in his rooms. Catherine Cusack, maid to

+the Countess, deposed to having heard Ryder's cry of dismay on

+discovering the robbery, and to having rushed into the room,

+where she found matters as described by the last witness.

+Inspector Bradstreet, B division, gave evidence as to the arrest

+of Horner, who struggled frantically, and protested his innocence

+in the strongest terms. Evidence of a previous conviction for

+robbery having been given against the prisoner, the magistrate

+refused to deal summarily with the offence, but referred it to

+the Assizes. Horner, who had shown signs of intense emotion

+during the proceedings, fainted away at the conclusion and was

+carried out of court."

+

+"Hum! So much for the police-court," said Holmes thoughtfully,

+tossing aside the paper. "The question for us now to solve is the

+sequence of events leading from a rifled jewel-case at one end to

+the crop of a goose in Tottenham Court Road at the other. You

+see, Watson, our little deductions have suddenly assumed a much

+more important and less innocent aspect. Here is the stone; the

+stone came from the goose, and the goose came from Mr. Henry

+Baker, the gentleman with the bad hat and all the other

+characteristics with which I have bored you. So now we must set

+ourselves very seriously to finding this gentleman and

+ascertaining what part he has played in this little mystery. To

+do this, we must try the simplest means first, and these lie

+undoubtedly in an advertisement in all the evening papers. If

+this fail, I shall have recourse to other methods."

+

+"What will you say?"

+

+"Give me a pencil and that slip of paper. Now, then: 'Found at

+the corner of Goodge Street, a goose and a black felt hat. Mr.

+Henry Baker can have the same by applying at 6:30 this evening at

+221B, Baker Street.' That is clear and concise."

+

+"Very. But will he see it?"

+

+"Well, he is sure to keep an eye on the papers, since, to a poor

+man, the loss was a heavy one. He was clearly so scared by his

+mischance in breaking the window and by the approach of Peterson

+that he thought of nothing but flight, but since then he must

+have bitterly regretted the impulse which caused him to drop his

+bird. Then, again, the introduction of his name will cause him to

+see it, for everyone who knows him will direct his attention to

+it. Here you are, Peterson, run down to the advertising agency

+and have this put in the evening papers."

+

+"In which, sir?"

+

+"Oh, in the Globe, Star, Pall Mall, St. James's, Evening News,

+Standard, Echo, and any others that occur to you."

+

+"Very well, sir. And this stone?"

+

+"Ah, yes, I shall keep the stone. Thank you. And, I say,

+Peterson, just buy a goose on your way back and leave it here

+with me, for we must have one to give to this gentleman in place

+of the one which your family is now devouring."

+

+When the commissionaire had gone, Holmes took up the stone and

+held it against the light. "It's a bonny thing," said he. "Just

+see how it glints and sparkles. Of course it is a nucleus and

+focus of crime. Every good stone is. They are the devil's pet

+baits. In the larger and older jewels every facet may stand for a

+bloody deed. This stone is not yet twenty years old. It was found

+in the banks of the Amoy River in southern China and is remarkable

+in having every characteristic of the carbuncle, save that it is

+blue in shade instead of ruby red. In spite of its youth, it has

+already a sinister history. There have been two murders, a

+vitriol-throwing, a suicide, and several robberies brought about

+for the sake of this forty-grain weight of crystallised charcoal.

+Who would think that so pretty a toy would be a purveyor to the

+gallows and the prison? I'll lock it up in my strong box now and

+drop a line to the Countess to say that we have it."

+

+"Do you think that this man Horner is innocent?"

+

+"I cannot tell."

+

+"Well, then, do you imagine that this other one, Henry Baker, had

+anything to do with the matter?"

+

+"It is, I think, much more likely that Henry Baker is an

+absolutely innocent man, who had no idea that the bird which he

+was carrying was of considerably more value than if it were made

+of solid gold. That, however, I shall determine by a very simple

+test if we have an answer to our advertisement."

+

+"And you can do nothing until then?"

+

+"Nothing."

+

+"In that case I shall continue my professional round. But I shall

+come back in the evening at the hour you have mentioned, for I

+should like to see the solution of so tangled a business."

+

+"Very glad to see you. I dine at seven. There is a woodcock, I

+believe. By the way, in view of recent occurrences, perhaps I

+ought to ask Mrs. Hudson to examine its crop."

+

+I had been delayed at a case, and it was a little after half-past

+six when I found myself in Baker Street once more. As I

+approached the house I saw a tall man in a Scotch bonnet with a

+coat which was buttoned up to his chin waiting outside in the

+bright semicircle which was thrown from the fanlight. Just as I

+arrived the door was opened, and we were shown up together to

+Holmes' room.

+

+"Mr. Henry Baker, I believe," said he, rising from his armchair

+and greeting his visitor with the easy air of geniality which he

+could so readily assume. "Pray take this chair by the fire, Mr.

+Baker. It is a cold night, and I observe that your circulation is

+more adapted for summer than for winter. Ah, Watson, you have

+just come at the right time. Is that your hat, Mr. Baker?"

+

+"Yes, sir, that is undoubtedly my hat."

+

+He was a large man with rounded shoulders, a massive head, and a

+broad, intelligent face, sloping down to a pointed beard of

+grizzled brown. A touch of red in nose and cheeks, with a slight

+tremor of his extended hand, recalled Holmes' surmise as to his

+habits. His rusty black frock-coat was buttoned right up in

+front, with the collar turned up, and his lank wrists protruded

+from his sleeves without a sign of cuff or shirt. He spoke in a

+slow staccato fashion, choosing his words with care, and gave the

+impression generally of a man of learning and letters who had had

+ill-usage at the hands of fortune.

+

+"We have retained these things for some days," said Holmes,

+"because we expected to see an advertisement from you giving your

+address. I am at a loss to know now why you did not advertise."

+

+Our visitor gave a rather shamefaced laugh. "Shillings have not

+been so plentiful with me as they once were," he remarked. "I had

+no doubt that the gang of roughs who assaulted me had carried off

+both my hat and the bird. I did not care to spend more money in a

+hopeless attempt at recovering them."

+

+"Very naturally. By the way, about the bird, we were compelled to

+eat it."

+

+"To eat it!" Our visitor half rose from his chair in his

+excitement.

+

+"Yes, it would have been of no use to anyone had we not done so.

+But I presume that this other goose upon the sideboard, which is

+about the same weight and perfectly fresh, will answer your

+purpose equally well?"

+

+"Oh, certainly, certainly," answered Mr. Baker with a sigh of

+relief.

+

+"Of course, we still have the feathers, legs, crop, and so on of

+your own bird, so if you wish--"

+

+The man burst into a hearty laugh. "They might be useful to me as

+relics of my adventure," said he, "but beyond that I can hardly

+see what use the disjecta membra of my late acquaintance are

+going to be to me. No, sir, I think that, with your permission, I

+will confine my attentions to the excellent bird which I perceive

+upon the sideboard."

+

+Sherlock Holmes glanced sharply across at me with a slight shrug

+of his shoulders.

+

+"There is your hat, then, and there your bird," said he. "By the

+way, would it bore you to tell me where you got the other one

+from? I am somewhat of a fowl fancier, and I have seldom seen a

+better grown goose."

+

+"Certainly, sir," said Baker, who had risen and tucked his newly

+gained property under his arm. "There are a few of us who

+frequent the Alpha Inn, near the Museum--we are to be found in

+the Museum itself during the day, you understand. This year our

+good host, Windigate by name, instituted a goose club, by which,

+on consideration of some few pence every week, we were each to

+receive a bird at Christmas. My pence were duly paid, and the

+rest is familiar to you. I am much indebted to you, sir, for a

+Scotch bonnet is fitted neither to my years nor my gravity." With

+a comical pomposity of manner he bowed solemnly to both of us and

+strode off upon his way.

+

+"So much for Mr. Henry Baker," said Holmes when he had closed the

+door behind him. "It is quite certain that he knows nothing

+whatever about the matter. Are you hungry, Watson?"

+

+"Not particularly."

+

+"Then I suggest that we turn our dinner into a supper and follow

+up this clue while it is still hot."

+

+"By all means."

+

+It was a bitter night, so we drew on our ulsters and wrapped

+cravats about our throats. Outside, the stars were shining coldly

+in a cloudless sky, and the breath of the passers-by blew out

+into smoke like so many pistol shots. Our footfalls rang out

+crisply and loudly as we swung through the doctors' quarter,

+Wimpole Street, Harley Street, and so through Wigmore Street into

+Oxford Street. In a quarter of an hour we were in Bloomsbury at

+the Alpha Inn, which is a small public-house at the corner of one

+of the streets which runs down into Holborn. Holmes pushed open

+the door of the private bar and ordered two glasses of beer from

+the ruddy-faced, white-aproned landlord.

+

+"Your beer should be excellent if it is as good as your geese,"

+said he.

+

+"My geese!" The man seemed surprised.

+

+"Yes. I was speaking only half an hour ago to Mr. Henry Baker,

+who was a member of your goose club."

+

+"Ah! yes, I see. But you see, sir, them's not our geese."

+

+"Indeed! Whose, then?"

+

+"Well, I got the two dozen from a salesman in Covent Garden."

+

+"Indeed? I know some of them. Which was it?"

+

+"Breckinridge is his name."

+

+"Ah! I don't know him. Well, here's your good health landlord,

+and prosperity to your house. Good-night."

+

+"Now for Mr. Breckinridge," he continued, buttoning up his coat

+as we came out into the frosty air. "Remember, Watson that though

+we have so homely a thing as a goose at one end of this chain, we

+have at the other a man who will certainly get seven years' penal

+servitude unless we can establish his innocence. It is possible

+that our inquiry may but confirm his guilt; but, in any case, we

+have a line of investigation which has been missed by the police,

+and which a singular chance has placed in our hands. Let us

+follow it out to the bitter end. Faces to the south, then, and

+quick march!"

+

+We passed across Holborn, down Endell Street, and so through a

+zigzag of slums to Covent Garden Market. One of the largest

+stalls bore the name of Breckinridge upon it, and the proprietor

+a horsey-looking man, with a sharp face and trim side-whiskers was

+helping a boy to put up the shutters.

+

+"Good-evening. It's a cold night," said Holmes.

+

+The salesman nodded and shot a questioning glance at my

+companion.

+

+"Sold out of geese, I see," continued Holmes, pointing at the

+bare slabs of marble.

+

+"Let you have five hundred to-morrow morning."

+

+"That's no good."

+

+"Well, there are some on the stall with the gas-flare."

+

+"Ah, but I was recommended to you."

+

+"Who by?"

+

+"The landlord of the Alpha."

+

+"Oh, yes; I sent him a couple of dozen."

+

+"Fine birds they were, too. Now where did you get them from?"

+

+To my surprise the question provoked a burst of anger from the

+salesman.

+

+"Now, then, mister," said he, with his head cocked and his arms

+akimbo, "what are you driving at? Let's have it straight, now."

+

+"It is straight enough. I should like to know who sold you the

+geese which you supplied to the Alpha."

+

+"Well then, I shan't tell you. So now!"

+

+"Oh, it is a matter of no importance; but I don't know why you

+should be so warm over such a trifle."

+

+"Warm! You'd be as warm, maybe, if you were as pestered as I am.

+When I pay good money for a good article there should be an end

+of the business; but it's 'Where are the geese?' and 'Who did you

+sell the geese to?' and 'What will you take for the geese?' One

+would think they were the only geese in the world, to hear the

+fuss that is made over them."

+

+"Well, I have no connection with any other people who have been

+making inquiries," said Holmes carelessly. "If you won't tell us

+the bet is off, that is all. But I'm always ready to back my

+opinion on a matter of fowls, and I have a fiver on it that the

+bird I ate is country bred."

+

+"Well, then, you've lost your fiver, for it's town bred," snapped

+the salesman.

+

+"It's nothing of the kind."

+

+"I say it is."

+

+"I don't believe it."

+

+"D'you think you know more about fowls than I, who have handled

+them ever since I was a nipper? I tell you, all those birds that

+went to the Alpha were town bred."

+

+"You'll never persuade me to believe that."

+

+"Will you bet, then?"

+

+"It's merely taking your money, for I know that I am right. But

+I'll have a sovereign on with you, just to teach you not to be

+obstinate."

+

+The salesman chuckled grimly. "Bring me the books, Bill," said

+he.

+

+The small boy brought round a small thin volume and a great

+greasy-backed one, laying them out together beneath the hanging

+lamp.

+

+"Now then, Mr. Cocksure," said the salesman, "I thought that I

+was out of geese, but before I finish you'll find that there is

+still one left in my shop. You see this little book?"

+

+"Well?"

+

+"That's the list of the folk from whom I buy. D'you see? Well,

+then, here on this page are the country folk, and the numbers

+after their names are where their accounts are in the big ledger.

+Now, then! You see this other page in red ink? Well, that is a

+list of my town suppliers. Now, look at that third name. Just

+read it out to me."

+

+"Mrs. Oakshott, 117, Brixton Road--249," read Holmes.

+

+"Quite so. Now turn that up in the ledger."

+

+Holmes turned to the page indicated. "Here you are, 'Mrs.

+Oakshott, 117, Brixton Road, egg and poultry supplier.'"

+

+"Now, then, what's the last entry?"

+

+"'December 22nd. Twenty-four geese at 7s. 6d.'"

+

+"Quite so. There you are. And underneath?"

+

+"'Sold to Mr. Windigate of the Alpha, at 12s.'"

+

+"What have you to say now?"

+

+Sherlock Holmes looked deeply chagrined. He drew a sovereign from

+his pocket and threw it down upon the slab, turning away with the

+air of a man whose disgust is too deep for words. A few yards off

+he stopped under a lamp-post and laughed in the hearty, noiseless

+fashion which was peculiar to him.

+

+"When you see a man with whiskers of that cut and the 'Pink 'un'

+protruding out of his pocket, you can always draw him by a bet,"

+said he. "I daresay that if I had put 100 pounds down in front of

+him, that man would not have given me such complete information

+as was drawn from him by the idea that he was doing me on a

+wager. Well, Watson, we are, I fancy, nearing the end of our

+quest, and the only point which remains to be determined is

+whether we should go on to this Mrs. Oakshott to-night, or

+whether we should reserve it for to-morrow. It is clear from what

+that surly fellow said that there are others besides ourselves

+who are anxious about the matter, and I should--"

+

+His remarks were suddenly cut short by a loud hubbub which broke

+out from the stall which we had just left. Turning round we saw a

+little rat-faced fellow standing in the centre of the circle of

+yellow light which was thrown by the swinging lamp, while

+Breckinridge, the salesman, framed in the door of his stall, was

+shaking his fists fiercely at the cringing figure.

+

+"I've had enough of you and your geese," he shouted. "I wish you

+were all at the devil together. If you come pestering me any more

+with your silly talk I'll set the dog at you. You bring Mrs.

+Oakshott here and I'll answer her, but what have you to do with

+it? Did I buy the geese off you?"

+

+"No; but one of them was mine all the same," whined the little

+man.

+

+"Well, then, ask Mrs. Oakshott for it."

+

+"She told me to ask you."

+

+"Well, you can ask the King of Proosia, for all I care. I've had

+enough of it. Get out of this!" He rushed fiercely forward, and

+the inquirer flitted away into the darkness.

+

+"Ha! this may save us a visit to Brixton Road," whispered Holmes.

+"Come with me, and we will see what is to be made of this

+fellow." Striding through the scattered knots of people who

+lounged round the flaring stalls, my companion speedily overtook

+the little man and touched him upon the shoulder. He sprang

+round, and I could see in the gas-light that every vestige of

+colour had been driven from his face.

+

+"Who are you, then? What do you want?" he asked in a quavering

+voice.

+

+"You will excuse me," said Holmes blandly, "but I could not help

+overhearing the questions which you put to the salesman just now.

+I think that I could be of assistance to you."

+

+"You? Who are you? How could you know anything of the matter?"

+

+"My name is Sherlock Holmes. It is my business to know what other

+people don't know."

+

+"But you can know nothing of this?"

+

+"Excuse me, I know everything of it. You are endeavouring to

+trace some geese which were sold by Mrs. Oakshott, of Brixton

+Road, to a salesman named Breckinridge, by him in turn to Mr.

+Windigate, of the Alpha, and by him to his club, of which Mr.

+Henry Baker is a member."

+

+"Oh, sir, you are the very man whom I have longed to meet," cried

+the little fellow with outstretched hands and quivering fingers.

+"I can hardly explain to you how interested I am in this matter."

+

+Sherlock Holmes hailed a four-wheeler which was passing. "In that

+case we had better discuss it in a cosy room rather than in this

+wind-swept market-place," said he. "But pray tell me, before we

+go farther, who it is that I have the pleasure of assisting."

+

+The man hesitated for an instant. "My name is John Robinson," he

+answered with a sidelong glance.

+

+"No, no; the real name," said Holmes sweetly. "It is always

+awkward doing business with an alias."

+

+A flush sprang to the white cheeks of the stranger. "Well then,"

+said he, "my real name is James Ryder."

+

+"Precisely so. Head attendant at the Hotel Cosmopolitan. Pray

+step into the cab, and I shall soon be able to tell you

+everything which you would wish to know."

+

+The little man stood glancing from one to the other of us with

+half-frightened, half-hopeful eyes, as one who is not sure

+whether he is on the verge of a windfall or of a catastrophe.

+Then he stepped into the cab, and in half an hour we were back in

+the sitting-room at Baker Street. Nothing had been said during

+our drive, but the high, thin breathing of our new companion, and

+the claspings and unclaspings of his hands, spoke of the nervous

+tension within him.

+

+"Here we are!" said Holmes cheerily as we filed into the room.

+"The fire looks very seasonable in this weather. You look cold,

+Mr. Ryder. Pray take the basket-chair. I will just put on my

+slippers before we settle this little matter of yours. Now, then!

+You want to know what became of those geese?"

+

+"Yes, sir."

+

+"Or rather, I fancy, of that goose. It was one bird, I imagine in

+which you were interested--white, with a black bar across the

+tail."

+

+Ryder quivered with emotion. "Oh, sir," he cried, "can you tell

+me where it went to?"

+

+"It came here."

+

+"Here?"

+

+"Yes, and a most remarkable bird it proved. I don't wonder that

+you should take an interest in it. It laid an egg after it was

+dead--the bonniest, brightest little blue egg that ever was seen.

+I have it here in my museum."

+

+Our visitor staggered to his feet and clutched the mantelpiece

+with his right hand. Holmes unlocked his strong-box and held up

+the blue carbuncle, which shone out like a star, with a cold,

+brilliant, many-pointed radiance. Ryder stood glaring with a

+drawn face, uncertain whether to claim or to disown it.

+

+"The game's up, Ryder," said Holmes quietly. "Hold up, man, or

+you'll be into the fire! Give him an arm back into his chair,

+Watson. He's not got blood enough to go in for felony with

+impunity. Give him a dash of brandy. So! Now he looks a little

+more human. What a shrimp it is, to be sure!"

+

+For a moment he had staggered and nearly fallen, but the brandy

+brought a tinge of colour into his cheeks, and he sat staring

+with frightened eyes at his accuser.

+

+"I have almost every link in my hands, and all the proofs which I

+could possibly need, so there is little which you need tell me.

+Still, that little may as well be cleared up to make the case

+complete. You had heard, Ryder, of this blue stone of the

+Countess of Morcar's?"

+

+"It was Catherine Cusack who told me of it," said he in a

+crackling voice.

+

+"I see--her ladyship's waiting-maid. Well, the temptation of

+sudden wealth so easily acquired was too much for you, as it has

+been for better men before you; but you were not very scrupulous

+in the means you used. It seems to me, Ryder, that there is the

+making of a very pretty villain in you. You knew that this man

+Horner, the plumber, had been concerned in some such matter

+before, and that suspicion would rest the more readily upon him.

+What did you do, then? You made some small job in my lady's

+room--you and your confederate Cusack--and you managed that he

+should be the man sent for. Then, when he had left, you rifled

+the jewel-case, raised the alarm, and had this unfortunate man

+arrested. You then--"

+

+Ryder threw himself down suddenly upon the rug and clutched at my

+companion's knees. "For God's sake, have mercy!" he shrieked.

+"Think of my father! Of my mother! It would break their hearts. I

+never went wrong before! I never will again. I swear it. I'll

+swear it on a Bible. Oh, don't bring it into court! For Christ's

+sake, don't!"

+

+"Get back into your chair!" said Holmes sternly. "It is very well

+to cringe and crawl now, but you thought little enough of this

+poor Horner in the dock for a crime of which he knew nothing."

+

+"I will fly, Mr. Holmes. I will leave the country, sir. Then the

+charge against him will break down."

+

+"Hum! We will talk about that. And now let us hear a true account

+of the next act. How came the stone into the goose, and how came

+the goose into the open market? Tell us the truth, for there lies

+your only hope of safety."

+

+Ryder passed his tongue over his parched lips. "I will tell you

+it just as it happened, sir," said he. "When Horner had been

+arrested, it seemed to me that it would be best for me to get

+away with the stone at once, for I did not know at what moment

+the police might not take it into their heads to search me and my

+room. There was no place about the hotel where it would be safe.

+I went out, as if on some commission, and I made for my sister's

+house. She had married a man named Oakshott, and lived in Brixton

+Road, where she fattened fowls for the market. All the way there

+every man I met seemed to me to be a policeman or a detective;

+and, for all that it was a cold night, the sweat was pouring down

+my face before I came to the Brixton Road. My sister asked me

+what was the matter, and why I was so pale; but I told her that I

+had been upset by the jewel robbery at the hotel. Then I went

+into the back yard and smoked a pipe and wondered what it would

+be best to do.

+

+"I had a friend once called Maudsley, who went to the bad, and

+has just been serving his time in Pentonville. One day he had met

+me, and fell into talk about the ways of thieves, and how they

+could get rid of what they stole. I knew that he would be true to

+me, for I knew one or two things about him; so I made up my mind

+to go right on to Kilburn, where he lived, and take him into my

+confidence. He would show me how to turn the stone into money.

+But how to get to him in safety? I thought of the agonies I had

+gone through in coming from the hotel. I might at any moment be

+seized and searched, and there would be the stone in my waistcoat

+pocket. I was leaning against the wall at the time and looking at

+the geese which were waddling about round my feet, and suddenly

+an idea came into my head which showed me how I could beat the

+best detective that ever lived.

+

+"My sister had told me some weeks before that I might have the

+pick of her geese for a Christmas present, and I knew that she

+was always as good as her word. I would take my goose now, and in

+it I would carry my stone to Kilburn. There was a little shed in

+the yard, and behind this I drove one of the birds--a fine big

+one, white, with a barred tail. I caught it, and prying its bill

+open, I thrust the stone down its throat as far as my finger

+could reach. The bird gave a gulp, and I felt the stone pass

+along its gullet and down into its crop. But the creature flapped

+and struggled, and out came my sister to know what was the

+matter. As I turned to speak to her the brute broke loose and

+fluttered off among the others.

+

+"'Whatever were you doing with that bird, Jem?' says she.

+

+"'Well,' said I, 'you said you'd give me one for Christmas, and I

+was feeling which was the fattest.'

+

+"'Oh,' says she, 'we've set yours aside for you--Jem's bird, we

+call it. It's the big white one over yonder. There's twenty-six

+of them, which makes one for you, and one for us, and two dozen

+for the market.'

+

+"'Thank you, Maggie,' says I; 'but if it is all the same to you,

+I'd rather have that one I was handling just now.'

+

+"'The other is a good three pound heavier,' said she, 'and we

+fattened it expressly for you.'

+

+"'Never mind. I'll have the other, and I'll take it now,' said I.

+

+"'Oh, just as you like,' said she, a little huffed. 'Which is it

+you want, then?'

+

+"'That white one with the barred tail, right in the middle of the

+flock.'

+

+"'Oh, very well. Kill it and take it with you.'

+

+"Well, I did what she said, Mr. Holmes, and I carried the bird

+all the way to Kilburn. I told my pal what I had done, for he was

+a man that it was easy to tell a thing like that to. He laughed

+until he choked, and we got a knife and opened the goose. My

+heart turned to water, for there was no sign of the stone, and I

+knew that some terrible mistake had occurred. I left the bird,

+rushed back to my sister's, and hurried into the back yard. There

+was not a bird to be seen there.

+

+"'Where are they all, Maggie?' I cried.

+

+"'Gone to the dealer's, Jem.'

+

+"'Which dealer's?'

+

+"'Breckinridge, of Covent Garden.'

+

+"'But was there another with a barred tail?' I asked, 'the same

+as the one I chose?'

+

+"'Yes, Jem; there were two barred-tailed ones, and I could never

+tell them apart.'

+

+"Well, then, of course I saw it all, and I ran off as hard as my

+feet would carry me to this man Breckinridge; but he had sold the

+lot at once, and not one word would he tell me as to where they

+had gone. You heard him yourselves to-night. Well, he has always

+answered me like that. My sister thinks that I am going mad.

+Sometimes I think that I am myself. And now--and now I am myself

+a branded thief, without ever having touched the wealth for which

+I sold my character. God help me! God help me!" He burst into

+convulsive sobbing, with his face buried in his hands.

+

+There was a long silence, broken only by his heavy breathing and

+by the measured tapping of Sherlock Holmes' finger-tips upon the

+edge of the table. Then my friend rose and threw open the door.

+

+"Get out!" said he.

+

+"What, sir! Oh, Heaven bless you!"

+

+"No more words. Get out!"

+

+And no more words were needed. There was a rush, a clatter upon

+the stairs, the bang of a door, and the crisp rattle of running

+footfalls from the street.

+

+"After all, Watson," said Holmes, reaching up his hand for his

+clay pipe, "I am not retained by the police to supply their

+deficiencies. If Horner were in danger it would be another thing;

+but this fellow will not appear against him, and the case must

+collapse. I suppose that I am commuting a felony, but it is just

+possible that I am saving a soul. This fellow will not go wrong

+again; he is too terribly frightened. Send him to gaol now, and

+you make him a gaol-bird for life. Besides, it is the season of

+forgiveness. Chance has put in our way a most singular and

+whimsical problem, and its solution is its own reward. If you

+will have the goodness to touch the bell, Doctor, we will begin

+another investigation, in which, also a bird will be the chief

+feature."

+

+

+

+VIII. THE ADVENTURE OF THE SPECKLED BAND

+

+On glancing over my notes of the seventy odd cases in which I

+have during the last eight years studied the methods of my friend

+Sherlock Holmes, I find many tragic, some comic, a large number

+merely strange, but none commonplace; for, working as he did

+rather for the love of his art than for the acquirement of

+wealth, he refused to associate himself with any investigation

+which did not tend towards the unusual, and even the fantastic.

+Of all these varied cases, however, I cannot recall any which

+presented more singular features than that which was associated

+with the well-known Surrey family of the Roylotts of Stoke Moran.

+The events in question occurred in the early days of my

+association with Holmes, when we were sharing rooms as bachelors

+in Baker Street. It is possible that I might have placed them

+upon record before, but a promise of secrecy was made at the

+time, from which I have only been freed during the last month by

+the untimely death of the lady to whom the pledge was given. It

+is perhaps as well that the facts should now come to light, for I

+have reasons to know that there are widespread rumours as to the

+death of Dr. Grimesby Roylott which tend to make the matter even

+more terrible than the truth.

+

+It was early in April in the year '83 that I woke one morning to

+find Sherlock Holmes standing, fully dressed, by the side of my

+bed. He was a late riser, as a rule, and as the clock on the

+mantelpiece showed me that it was only a quarter-past seven, I

+blinked up at him in some surprise, and perhaps just a little

+resentment, for I was myself regular in my habits.

+

+"Very sorry to knock you up, Watson," said he, "but it's the

+common lot this morning. Mrs. Hudson has been knocked up, she

+retorted upon me, and I on you."

+

+"What is it, then--a fire?"

+

+"No; a client. It seems that a young lady has arrived in a

+considerable state of excitement, who insists upon seeing me. She

+is waiting now in the sitting-room. Now, when young ladies wander

+about the metropolis at this hour of the morning, and knock

+sleepy people up out of their beds, I presume that it is

+something very pressing which they have to communicate. Should it

+prove to be an interesting case, you would, I am sure, wish to

+follow it from the outset. I thought, at any rate, that I should

+call you and give you the chance."

+

+"My dear fellow, I would not miss it for anything."

+

+I had no keener pleasure than in following Holmes in his

+professional investigations, and in admiring the rapid

+deductions, as swift as intuitions, and yet always founded on a

+logical basis with which he unravelled the problems which were

+submitted to him. I rapidly threw on my clothes and was ready in

+a few minutes to accompany my friend down to the sitting-room. A

+lady dressed in black and heavily veiled, who had been sitting in

+the window, rose as we entered.

+

+"Good-morning, madam," said Holmes cheerily. "My name is Sherlock

+Holmes. This is my intimate friend and associate, Dr. Watson,

+before whom you can speak as freely as before myself. Ha! I am

+glad to see that Mrs. Hudson has had the good sense to light the

+fire. Pray draw up to it, and I shall order you a cup of hot

+coffee, for I observe that you are shivering."

+

+"It is not cold which makes me shiver," said the woman in a low

+voice, changing her seat as requested.

+

+"What, then?"

+

+"It is fear, Mr. Holmes. It is terror." She raised her veil as

+she spoke, and we could see that she was indeed in a pitiable

+state of agitation, her face all drawn and grey, with restless

+frightened eyes, like those of some hunted animal. Her features

+and figure were those of a woman of thirty, but her hair was shot

+with premature grey, and her expression was weary and haggard.

+Sherlock Holmes ran her over with one of his quick,

+all-comprehensive glances.

+

+"You must not fear," said he soothingly, bending forward and

+patting her forearm. "We shall soon set matters right, I have no

+doubt. You have come in by train this morning, I see."

+

+"You know me, then?"

+

+"No, but I observe the second half of a return ticket in the palm

+of your left glove. You must have started early, and yet you had

+a good drive in a dog-cart, along heavy roads, before you reached

+the station."

+

+The lady gave a violent start and stared in bewilderment at my

+companion.

+

+"There is no mystery, my dear madam," said he, smiling. "The left

+arm of your jacket is spattered with mud in no less than seven

+places. The marks are perfectly fresh. There is no vehicle save a

+dog-cart which throws up mud in that way, and then only when you

+sit on the left-hand side of the driver."

+

+"Whatever your reasons may be, you are perfectly correct," said

+she. "I started from home before six, reached Leatherhead at

+twenty past, and came in by the first train to Waterloo. Sir, I

+can stand this strain no longer; I shall go mad if it continues.

+I have no one to turn to--none, save only one, who cares for me,

+and he, poor fellow, can be of little aid. I have heard of you,

+Mr. Holmes; I have heard of you from Mrs. Farintosh, whom you

+helped in the hour of her sore need. It was from her that I had

+your address. Oh, sir, do you not think that you could help me,

+too, and at least throw a little light through the dense darkness

+which surrounds me? At present it is out of my power to reward

+you for your services, but in a month or six weeks I shall be

+married, with the control of my own income, and then at least you

+shall not find me ungrateful."

+

+Holmes turned to his desk and, unlocking it, drew out a small

+case-book, which he consulted.

+

+"Farintosh," said he. "Ah yes, I recall the case; it was

+concerned with an opal tiara. I think it was before your time,

+Watson. I can only say, madam, that I shall be happy to devote

+the same care to your case as I did to that of your friend. As to

+reward, my profession is its own reward; but you are at liberty

+to defray whatever expenses I may be put to, at the time which

+suits you best. And now I beg that you will lay before us

+everything that may help us in forming an opinion upon the

+matter."

+

+"Alas!" replied our visitor, "the very horror of my situation

+lies in the fact that my fears are so vague, and my suspicions

+depend so entirely upon small points, which might seem trivial to

+another, that even he to whom of all others I have a right to

+look for help and advice looks upon all that I tell him about it

+as the fancies of a nervous woman. He does not say so, but I can

+read it from his soothing answers and averted eyes. But I have

+heard, Mr. Holmes, that you can see deeply into the manifold

+wickedness of the human heart. You may advise me how to walk amid

+the dangers which encompass me."

+

+"I am all attention, madam."

+

+"My name is Helen Stoner, and I am living with my stepfather, who

+is the last survivor of one of the oldest Saxon families in

+England, the Roylotts of Stoke Moran, on the western border of

+Surrey."

+

+Holmes nodded his head. "The name is familiar to me," said he.

+

+"The family was at one time among the richest in England, and the

+estates extended over the borders into Berkshire in the north,

+and Hampshire in the west. In the last century, however, four

+successive heirs were of a dissolute and wasteful disposition,

+and the family ruin was eventually completed by a gambler in the

+days of the Regency. Nothing was left save a few acres of ground,

+and the two-hundred-year-old house, which is itself crushed under

+a heavy mortgage. The last squire dragged out his existence

+there, living the horrible life of an aristocratic pauper; but

+his only son, my stepfather, seeing that he must adapt himself to

+the new conditions, obtained an advance from a relative, which

+enabled him to take a medical degree and went out to Calcutta,

+where, by his professional skill and his force of character, he

+established a large practice. In a fit of anger, however, caused

+by some robberies which had been perpetrated in the house, he

+beat his native butler to death and narrowly escaped a capital

+sentence. As it was, he suffered a long term of imprisonment and

+afterwards returned to England a morose and disappointed man.

+

+"When Dr. Roylott was in India he married my mother, Mrs. Stoner,

+the young widow of Major-General Stoner, of the Bengal Artillery.

+My sister Julia and I were twins, and we were only two years old

+at the time of my mother's re-marriage. She had a considerable

+sum of money--not less than 1000 pounds a year--and this she

+bequeathed to Dr. Roylott entirely while we resided with him,

+with a provision that a certain annual sum should be allowed to

+each of us in the event of our marriage. Shortly after our return

+to England my mother died--she was killed eight years ago in a

+railway accident near Crewe. Dr. Roylott then abandoned his

+attempts to establish himself in practice in London and took us

+to live with him in the old ancestral house at Stoke Moran. The

+money which my mother had left was enough for all our wants, and

+there seemed to be no obstacle to our happiness.

+

+"But a terrible change came over our stepfather about this time.

+Instead of making friends and exchanging visits with our

+neighbours, who had at first been overjoyed to see a Roylott of

+Stoke Moran back in the old family seat, he shut himself up in

+his house and seldom came out save to indulge in ferocious

+quarrels with whoever might cross his path. Violence of temper

+approaching to mania has been hereditary in the men of the

+family, and in my stepfather's case it had, I believe, been

+intensified by his long residence in the tropics. A series of

+disgraceful brawls took place, two of which ended in the

+police-court, until at last he became the terror of the village,

+and the folks would fly at his approach, for he is a man of

+immense strength, and absolutely uncontrollable in his anger.

+

+"Last week he hurled the local blacksmith over a parapet into a

+stream, and it was only by paying over all the money which I

+could gather together that I was able to avert another public

+exposure. He had no friends at all save the wandering gipsies,

+and he would give these vagabonds leave to encamp upon the few

+acres of bramble-covered land which represent the family estate,

+and would accept in return the hospitality of their tents,

+wandering away with them sometimes for weeks on end. He has a

+passion also for Indian animals, which are sent over to him by a

+correspondent, and he has at this moment a cheetah and a baboon,

+which wander freely over his grounds and are feared by the

+villagers almost as much as their master.

+

+"You can imagine from what I say that my poor sister Julia and I

+had no great pleasure in our lives. No servant would stay with

+us, and for a long time we did all the work of the house. She was

+but thirty at the time of her death, and yet her hair had already

+begun to whiten, even as mine has."

+

+"Your sister is dead, then?"

+

+"She died just two years ago, and it is of her death that I wish

+to speak to you. You can understand that, living the life which I

+have described, we were little likely to see anyone of our own

+age and position. We had, however, an aunt, my mother's maiden

+sister, Miss Honoria Westphail, who lives near Harrow, and we

+were occasionally allowed to pay short visits at this lady's

+house. Julia went there at Christmas two years ago, and met there

+a half-pay major of marines, to whom she became engaged. My

+stepfather learned of the engagement when my sister returned and

+offered no objection to the marriage; but within a fortnight of

+the day which had been fixed for the wedding, the terrible event

+occurred which has deprived me of my only companion."

+

+Sherlock Holmes had been leaning back in his chair with his eyes

+closed and his head sunk in a cushion, but he half opened his

+lids now and glanced across at his visitor.

+

+"Pray be precise as to details," said he.

+

+"It is easy for me to be so, for every event of that dreadful

+time is seared into my memory. The manor-house is, as I have

+already said, very old, and only one wing is now inhabited. The

+bedrooms in this wing are on the ground floor, the sitting-rooms

+being in the central block of the buildings. Of these bedrooms

+the first is Dr. Roylott's, the second my sister's, and the third

+my own. There is no communication between them, but they all open

+out into the same corridor. Do I make myself plain?"

+

+"Perfectly so."

+

+"The windows of the three rooms open out upon the lawn. That

+fatal night Dr. Roylott had gone to his room early, though we

+knew that he had not retired to rest, for my sister was troubled

+by the smell of the strong Indian cigars which it was his custom

+to smoke. She left her room, therefore, and came into mine, where

+she sat for some time, chatting about her approaching wedding. At

+eleven o'clock she rose to leave me, but she paused at the door

+and looked back.

+

+"'Tell me, Helen,' said she, 'have you ever heard anyone whistle

+in the dead of the night?'

+

+"'Never,' said I.

+

+"'I suppose that you could not possibly whistle, yourself, in

+your sleep?'

+

+"'Certainly not. But why?'

+

+"'Because during the last few nights I have always, about three

+in the morning, heard a low, clear whistle. I am a light sleeper,

+and it has awakened me. I cannot tell where it came from--perhaps

+from the next room, perhaps from the lawn. I thought that I would

+just ask you whether you had heard it.'

+

+"'No, I have not. It must be those wretched gipsies in the

+plantation.'

+

+"'Very likely. And yet if it were on the lawn, I wonder that you

+did not hear it also.'

+

+"'Ah, but I sleep more heavily than you.'

+

+"'Well, it is of no great consequence, at any rate.' She smiled

+back at me, closed my door, and a few moments later I heard her

+key turn in the lock."

+

+"Indeed," said Holmes. "Was it your custom always to lock

+yourselves in at night?"

+

+"Always."

+

+"And why?"

+

+"I think that I mentioned to you that the doctor kept a cheetah

+and a baboon. We had no feeling of security unless our doors were

+locked."

+

+"Quite so. Pray proceed with your statement."

+

+"I could not sleep that night. A vague feeling of impending

+misfortune impressed me. My sister and I, you will recollect,

+were twins, and you know how subtle are the links which bind two

+souls which are so closely allied. It was a wild night. The wind

+was howling outside, and the rain was beating and splashing

+against the windows. Suddenly, amid all the hubbub of the gale,

+there burst forth the wild scream of a terrified woman. I knew

+that it was my sister's voice. I sprang from my bed, wrapped a

+shawl round me, and rushed into the corridor. As I opened my door

+I seemed to hear a low whistle, such as my sister described, and

+a few moments later a clanging sound, as if a mass of metal had

+fallen. As I ran down the passage, my sister's door was unlocked,

+and revolved slowly upon its hinges. I stared at it

+horror-stricken, not knowing what was about to issue from it. By

+the light of the corridor-lamp I saw my sister appear at the

+opening, her face blanched with terror, her hands groping for

+help, her whole figure swaying to and fro like that of a

+drunkard. I ran to her and threw my arms round her, but at that

+moment her knees seemed to give way and she fell to the ground.

+She writhed as one who is in terrible pain, and her limbs were

+dreadfully convulsed. At first I thought that she had not

+recognised me, but as I bent over her she suddenly shrieked out

+in a voice which I shall never forget, 'Oh, my God! Helen! It was

+the band! The speckled band!' There was something else which she

+would fain have said, and she stabbed with her finger into the

+air in the direction of the doctor's room, but a fresh convulsion

+seized her and choked her words. I rushed out, calling loudly for

+my stepfather, and I met him hastening from his room in his

+dressing-gown. When he reached my sister's side she was

+unconscious, and though he poured brandy down her throat and sent

+for medical aid from the village, all efforts were in vain, for

+she slowly sank and died without having recovered her

+consciousness. Such was the dreadful end of my beloved sister."

+

+"One moment," said Holmes, "are you sure about this whistle and

+metallic sound? Could you swear to it?"

+

+"That was what the county coroner asked me at the inquiry. It is

+my strong impression that I heard it, and yet, among the crash of

+the gale and the creaking of an old house, I may possibly have

+been deceived."

+

+"Was your sister dressed?"

+

+"No, she was in her night-dress. In her right hand was found the

+charred stump of a match, and in her left a match-box."

+

+"Showing that she had struck a light and looked about her when

+the alarm took place. That is important. And what conclusions did

+the coroner come to?"

+

+"He investigated the case with great care, for Dr. Roylott's

+conduct had long been notorious in the county, but he was unable

+to find any satisfactory cause of death. My evidence showed that

+the door had been fastened upon the inner side, and the windows

+were blocked by old-fashioned shutters with broad iron bars,

+which were secured every night. The walls were carefully sounded,

+and were shown to be quite solid all round, and the flooring was

+also thoroughly examined, with the same result. The chimney is

+wide, but is barred up by four large staples. It is certain,

+therefore, that my sister was quite alone when she met her end.

+Besides, there were no marks of any violence upon her."

+

+"How about poison?"

+

+"The doctors examined her for it, but without success."

+

+"What do you think that this unfortunate lady died of, then?"

+

+"It is my belief that she died of pure fear and nervous shock,

+though what it was that frightened her I cannot imagine."

+

+"Were there gipsies in the plantation at the time?"

+

+"Yes, there are nearly always some there."

+

+"Ah, and what did you gather from this allusion to a band--a

+speckled band?"

+

+"Sometimes I have thought that it was merely the wild talk of

+delirium, sometimes that it may have referred to some band of

+people, perhaps to these very gipsies in the plantation. I do not

+know whether the spotted handkerchiefs which so many of them wear

+over their heads might have suggested the strange adjective which

+she used."

+

+Holmes shook his head like a man who is far from being satisfied.

+

+"These are very deep waters," said he; "pray go on with your

+narrative."

+

+"Two years have passed since then, and my life has been until

+lately lonelier than ever. A month ago, however, a dear friend,

+whom I have known for many years, has done me the honour to ask

+my hand in marriage. His name is Armitage--Percy Armitage--the

+second son of Mr. Armitage, of Crane Water, near Reading. My

+stepfather has offered no opposition to the match, and we are to

+be married in the course of the spring. Two days ago some repairs

+were started in the west wing of the building, and my bedroom

+wall has been pierced, so that I have had to move into the

+chamber in which my sister died, and to sleep in the very bed in

+which she slept. Imagine, then, my thrill of terror when last

+night, as I lay awake, thinking over her terrible fate, I

+suddenly heard in the silence of the night the low whistle which

+had been the herald of her own death. I sprang up and lit the

+lamp, but nothing was to be seen in the room. I was too shaken to

+go to bed again, however, so I dressed, and as soon as it was

+daylight I slipped down, got a dog-cart at the Crown Inn, which

+is opposite, and drove to Leatherhead, from whence I have come on

+this morning with the one object of seeing you and asking your

+advice."

+

+"You have done wisely," said my friend. "But have you told me

+all?"

+

+"Yes, all."

+

+"Miss Roylott, you have not. You are screening your stepfather."

+

+"Why, what do you mean?"

+

+For answer Holmes pushed back the frill of black lace which

+fringed the hand that lay upon our visitor's knee. Five little

+livid spots, the marks of four fingers and a thumb, were printed

+upon the white wrist.

+

+"You have been cruelly used," said Holmes.

+

+The lady coloured deeply and covered over her injured wrist. "He

+is a hard man," she said, "and perhaps he hardly knows his own

+strength."

+

+There was a long silence, during which Holmes leaned his chin

+upon his hands and stared into the crackling fire.

+

+"This is a very deep business," he said at last. "There are a

+thousand details which I should desire to know before I decide

+upon our course of action. Yet we have not a moment to lose. If

+we were to come to Stoke Moran to-day, would it be possible for

+us to see over these rooms without the knowledge of your

+stepfather?"

+

+"As it happens, he spoke of coming into town to-day upon some

+most important business. It is probable that he will be away all

+day, and that there would be nothing to disturb you. We have a

+housekeeper now, but she is old and foolish, and I could easily

+get her out of the way."

+

+"Excellent. You are not averse to this trip, Watson?"

+

+"By no means."

+

+"Then we shall both come. What are you going to do yourself?"

+

+"I have one or two things which I would wish to do now that I am

+in town. But I shall return by the twelve o'clock train, so as to

+be there in time for your coming."

+

+"And you may expect us early in the afternoon. I have myself some

+small business matters to attend to. Will you not wait and

+breakfast?"

+

+"No, I must go. My heart is lightened already since I have

+confided my trouble to you. I shall look forward to seeing you

+again this afternoon." She dropped her thick black veil over her

+face and glided from the room.

+

+"And what do you think of it all, Watson?" asked Sherlock Holmes,

+leaning back in his chair.

+

+"It seems to me to be a most dark and sinister business."

+

+"Dark enough and sinister enough."

+

+"Yet if the lady is correct in saying that the flooring and walls

+are sound, and that the door, window, and chimney are impassable,

+then her sister must have been undoubtedly alone when she met her

+mysterious end."

+

+"What becomes, then, of these nocturnal whistles, and what of the

+very peculiar words of the dying woman?"

+

+"I cannot think."

+

+"When you combine the ideas of whistles at night, the presence of

+a band of gipsies who are on intimate terms with this old doctor,

+the fact that we have every reason to believe that the doctor has

+an interest in preventing his stepdaughter's marriage, the dying

+allusion to a band, and, finally, the fact that Miss Helen Stoner

+heard a metallic clang, which might have been caused by one of

+those metal bars that secured the shutters falling back into its

+place, I think that there is good ground to think that the

+mystery may be cleared along those lines."

+

+"But what, then, did the gipsies do?"

+

+"I cannot imagine."

+

+"I see many objections to any such theory."

+

+"And so do I. It is precisely for that reason that we are going

+to Stoke Moran this day. I want to see whether the objections are

+fatal, or if they may be explained away. But what in the name of

+the devil!"

+

+The ejaculation had been drawn from my companion by the fact that

+our door had been suddenly dashed open, and that a huge man had

+framed himself in the aperture. His costume was a peculiar

+mixture of the professional and of the agricultural, having a

+black top-hat, a long frock-coat, and a pair of high gaiters,

+with a hunting-crop swinging in his hand. So tall was he that his

+hat actually brushed the cross bar of the doorway, and his

+breadth seemed to span it across from side to side. A large face,

+seared with a thousand wrinkles, burned yellow with the sun, and

+marked with every evil passion, was turned from one to the other

+of us, while his deep-set, bile-shot eyes, and his high, thin,

+fleshless nose, gave him somewhat the resemblance to a fierce old

+bird of prey.

+

+"Which of you is Holmes?" asked this apparition.

+

+"My name, sir; but you have the advantage of me," said my

+companion quietly.

+

+"I am Dr. Grimesby Roylott, of Stoke Moran."

+

+"Indeed, Doctor," said Holmes blandly. "Pray take a seat."

+

+"I will do nothing of the kind. My stepdaughter has been here. I

+have traced her. What has she been saying to you?"

+

+"It is a little cold for the time of the year," said Holmes.

+

+"What has she been saying to you?" screamed the old man

+furiously.

+

+"But I have heard that the crocuses promise well," continued my

+companion imperturbably.

+

+"Ha! You put me off, do you?" said our new visitor, taking a step

+forward and shaking his hunting-crop. "I know you, you scoundrel!

+I have heard of you before. You are Holmes, the meddler."

+

+My friend smiled.

+

+"Holmes, the busybody!"

+

+His smile broadened.

+

+"Holmes, the Scotland Yard Jack-in-office!"

+

+Holmes chuckled heartily. "Your conversation is most

+entertaining," said he. "When you go out close the door, for

+there is a decided draught."

+

+"I will go when I have said my say. Don't you dare to meddle with

+my affairs. I know that Miss Stoner has been here. I traced her!

+I am a dangerous man to fall foul of! See here." He stepped

+swiftly forward, seized the poker, and bent it into a curve with

+his huge brown hands.

+

+"See that you keep yourself out of my grip," he snarled, and

+hurling the twisted poker into the fireplace he strode out of the

+room.

+

+"He seems a very amiable person," said Holmes, laughing. "I am

+not quite so bulky, but if he had remained I might have shown him

+that my grip was not much more feeble than his own." As he spoke

+he picked up the steel poker and, with a sudden effort,

+straightened it out again.

+

+"Fancy his having the insolence to confound me with the official

+detective force! This incident gives zest to our investigation,

+however, and I only trust that our little friend will not suffer

+from her imprudence in allowing this brute to trace her. And now,

+Watson, we shall order breakfast, and afterwards I shall walk

+down to Doctors' Commons, where I hope to get some data which may

+help us in this matter."

+

+

+It was nearly one o'clock when Sherlock Holmes returned from his

+excursion. He held in his hand a sheet of blue paper, scrawled

+over with notes and figures.

+

+"I have seen the will of the deceased wife," said he. "To

+determine its exact meaning I have been obliged to work out the

+present prices of the investments with which it is concerned. The

+total income, which at the time of the wife's death was little

+short of 1100 pounds, is now, through the fall in agricultural

+prices, not more than 750 pounds. Each daughter can claim an

+income of 250 pounds, in case of marriage. It is evident,

+therefore, that if both girls had married, this beauty would have

+had a mere pittance, while even one of them would cripple him to

+a very serious extent. My morning's work has not been wasted,

+since it has proved that he has the very strongest motives for

+standing in the way of anything of the sort. And now, Watson,

+this is too serious for dawdling, especially as the old man is

+aware that we are interesting ourselves in his affairs; so if you

+are ready, we shall call a cab and drive to Waterloo. I should be

+very much obliged if you would slip your revolver into your

+pocket. An Eley's No. 2 is an excellent argument with gentlemen

+who can twist steel pokers into knots. That and a tooth-brush

+are, I think, all that we need."

+

+At Waterloo we were fortunate in catching a train for

+Leatherhead, where we hired a trap at the station inn and drove

+for four or five miles through the lovely Surrey lanes. It was a

+perfect day, with a bright sun and a few fleecy clouds in the

+heavens. The trees and wayside hedges were just throwing out

+their first green shoots, and the air was full of the pleasant

+smell of the moist earth. To me at least there was a strange

+contrast between the sweet promise of the spring and this

+sinister quest upon which we were engaged. My companion sat in

+the front of the trap, his arms folded, his hat pulled down over

+his eyes, and his chin sunk upon his breast, buried in the

+deepest thought. Suddenly, however, he started, tapped me on the

+shoulder, and pointed over the meadows.

+

+"Look there!" said he.

+

+A heavily timbered park stretched up in a gentle slope,

+thickening into a grove at the highest point. From amid the

+branches there jutted out the grey gables and high roof-tree of a

+very old mansion.

+

+"Stoke Moran?" said he.

+

+"Yes, sir, that be the house of Dr. Grimesby Roylott," remarked

+the driver.

+

+"There is some building going on there," said Holmes; "that is

+where we are going."

+

+"There's the village," said the driver, pointing to a cluster of

+roofs some distance to the left; "but if you want to get to the

+house, you'll find it shorter to get over this stile, and so by

+the foot-path over the fields. There it is, where the lady is

+walking."

+

+"And the lady, I fancy, is Miss Stoner," observed Holmes, shading

+his eyes. "Yes, I think we had better do as you suggest."

+

+We got off, paid our fare, and the trap rattled back on its way

+to Leatherhead.

+

+"I thought it as well," said Holmes as we climbed the stile,

+"that this fellow should think we had come here as architects, or

+on some definite business. It may stop his gossip.

+Good-afternoon, Miss Stoner. You see that we have been as good as

+our word."

+

+Our client of the morning had hurried forward to meet us with a

+face which spoke her joy. "I have been waiting so eagerly for

+you," she cried, shaking hands with us warmly. "All has turned

+out splendidly. Dr. Roylott has gone to town, and it is unlikely

+that he will be back before evening."

+

+"We have had the pleasure of making the doctor's acquaintance,"

+said Holmes, and in a few words he sketched out what had

+occurred. Miss Stoner turned white to the lips as she listened.

+

+"Good heavens!" she cried, "he has followed me, then."

+

+"So it appears."

+

+"He is so cunning that I never know when I am safe from him. What

+will he say when he returns?"

+

+"He must guard himself, for he may find that there is someone

+more cunning than himself upon his track. You must lock yourself

+up from him to-night. If he is violent, we shall take you away to

+your aunt's at Harrow. Now, we must make the best use of our

+time, so kindly take us at once to the rooms which we are to

+examine."

+

+The building was of grey, lichen-blotched stone, with a high

+central portion and two curving wings, like the claws of a crab,

+thrown out on each side. In one of these wings the windows were

+broken and blocked with wooden boards, while the roof was partly

+caved in, a picture of ruin. The central portion was in little

+better repair, but the right-hand block was comparatively modern,

+and the blinds in the windows, with the blue smoke curling up

+from the chimneys, showed that this was where the family resided.

+Some scaffolding had been erected against the end wall, and the

+stone-work had been broken into, but there were no signs of any

+workmen at the moment of our visit. Holmes walked slowly up and

+down the ill-trimmed lawn and examined with deep attention the

+outsides of the windows.

+

+"This, I take it, belongs to the room in which you used to sleep,

+the centre one to your sister's, and the one next to the main

+building to Dr. Roylott's chamber?"

+

+"Exactly so. But I am now sleeping in the middle one."

+

+"Pending the alterations, as I understand. By the way, there does

+not seem to be any very pressing need for repairs at that end

+wall."

+

+"There were none. I believe that it was an excuse to move me from

+my room."

+

+"Ah! that is suggestive. Now, on the other side of this narrow

+wing runs the corridor from which these three rooms open. There

+are windows in it, of course?"

+

+"Yes, but very small ones. Too narrow for anyone to pass

+through."

+

+"As you both locked your doors at night, your rooms were

+unapproachable from that side. Now, would you have the kindness

+to go into your room and bar your shutters?"

+

+Miss Stoner did so, and Holmes, after a careful examination

+through the open window, endeavoured in every way to force the

+shutter open, but without success. There was no slit through

+which a knife could be passed to raise the bar. Then with his

+lens he tested the hinges, but they were of solid iron, built

+firmly into the massive masonry. "Hum!" said he, scratching his

+chin in some perplexity, "my theory certainly presents some

+difficulties. No one could pass these shutters if they were

+bolted. Well, we shall see if the inside throws any light upon

+the matter."

+

+A small side door led into the whitewashed corridor from which

+the three bedrooms opened. Holmes refused to examine the third

+chamber, so we passed at once to the second, that in which Miss

+Stoner was now sleeping, and in which her sister had met with her

+fate. It was a homely little room, with a low ceiling and a

+gaping fireplace, after the fashion of old country-houses. A

+brown chest of drawers stood in one corner, a narrow

+white-counterpaned bed in another, and a dressing-table on the

+left-hand side of the window. These articles, with two small

+wicker-work chairs, made up all the furniture in the room save

+for a square of Wilton carpet in the centre. The boards round and

+the panelling of the walls were of brown, worm-eaten oak, so old

+and discoloured that it may have dated from the original building

+of the house. Holmes drew one of the chairs into a corner and sat

+silent, while his eyes travelled round and round and up and down,

+taking in every detail of the apartment.

+

+"Where does that bell communicate with?" he asked at last

+pointing to a thick bell-rope which hung down beside the bed, the

+tassel actually lying upon the pillow.

+

+"It goes to the housekeeper's room."

+

+"It looks newer than the other things?"

+

+"Yes, it was only put there a couple of years ago."

+

+"Your sister asked for it, I suppose?"

+

+"No, I never heard of her using it. We used always to get what we

+wanted for ourselves."

+

+"Indeed, it seemed unnecessary to put so nice a bell-pull there.

+You will excuse me for a few minutes while I satisfy myself as to

+this floor." He threw himself down upon his face with his lens in

+his hand and crawled swiftly backward and forward, examining

+minutely the cracks between the boards. Then he did the same with

+the wood-work with which the chamber was panelled. Finally he

+walked over to the bed and spent some time in staring at it and

+in running his eye up and down the wall. Finally he took the

+bell-rope in his hand and gave it a brisk tug.

+

+"Why, it's a dummy," said he.

+

+"Won't it ring?"

+

+"No, it is not even attached to a wire. This is very interesting.

+You can see now that it is fastened to a hook just above where

+the little opening for the ventilator is."

+

+"How very absurd! I never noticed that before."

+

+"Very strange!" muttered Holmes, pulling at the rope. "There are

+one or two very singular points about this room. For example,

+what a fool a builder must be to open a ventilator into another

+room, when, with the same trouble, he might have communicated

+with the outside air!"

+

+"That is also quite modern," said the lady.

+

+"Done about the same time as the bell-rope?" remarked Holmes.

+

+"Yes, there were several little changes carried out about that

+time."

+

+"They seem to have been of a most interesting character--dummy

+bell-ropes, and ventilators which do not ventilate. With your

+permission, Miss Stoner, we shall now carry our researches into

+the inner apartment."

+

+Dr. Grimesby Roylott's chamber was larger than that of his

+step-daughter, but was as plainly furnished. A camp-bed, a small

+wooden shelf full of books, mostly of a technical character, an

+armchair beside the bed, a plain wooden chair against the wall, a

+round table, and a large iron safe were the principal things

+which met the eye. Holmes walked slowly round and examined each

+and all of them with the keenest interest.

+

+"What's in here?" he asked, tapping the safe.

+

+"My stepfather's business papers."

+

+"Oh! you have seen inside, then?"

+

+"Only once, some years ago. I remember that it was full of

+papers."

+

+"There isn't a cat in it, for example?"

+

+"No. What a strange idea!"

+

+"Well, look at this!" He took up a small saucer of milk which

+stood on the top of it.

+

+"No; we don't keep a cat. But there is a cheetah and a baboon."

+

+"Ah, yes, of course! Well, a cheetah is just a big cat, and yet a

+saucer of milk does not go very far in satisfying its wants, I

+daresay. There is one point which I should wish to determine." He

+squatted down in front of the wooden chair and examined the seat

+of it with the greatest attention.

+

+"Thank you. That is quite settled," said he, rising and putting

+his lens in his pocket. "Hullo! Here is something interesting!"

+

+The object which had caught his eye was a small dog lash hung on

+one corner of the bed. The lash, however, was curled upon itself

+and tied so as to make a loop of whipcord.

+

+"What do you make of that, Watson?"

+

+"It's a common enough lash. But I don't know why it should be

+tied."

+

+"That is not quite so common, is it? Ah, me! it's a wicked world,

+and when a clever man turns his brains to crime it is the worst

+of all. I think that I have seen enough now, Miss Stoner, and

+with your permission we shall walk out upon the lawn."

+

+I had never seen my friend's face so grim or his brow so dark as

+it was when we turned from the scene of this investigation. We

+had walked several times up and down the lawn, neither Miss

+Stoner nor myself liking to break in upon his thoughts before he

+roused himself from his reverie.

+

+"It is very essential, Miss Stoner," said he, "that you should

+absolutely follow my advice in every respect."

+

+"I shall most certainly do so."

+

+"The matter is too serious for any hesitation. Your life may

+depend upon your compliance."

+

+"I assure you that I am in your hands."

+

+"In the first place, both my friend and I must spend the night in

+your room."

+

+Both Miss Stoner and I gazed at him in astonishment.

+

+"Yes, it must be so. Let me explain. I believe that that is the

+village inn over there?"

+

+"Yes, that is the Crown."

+

+"Very good. Your windows would be visible from there?"

+

+"Certainly."

+

+"You must confine yourself to your room, on pretence of a

+headache, when your stepfather comes back. Then when you hear him

+retire for the night, you must open the shutters of your window,

+undo the hasp, put your lamp there as a signal to us, and then

+withdraw quietly with everything which you are likely to want

+into the room which you used to occupy. I have no doubt that, in

+spite of the repairs, you could manage there for one night."

+

+"Oh, yes, easily."

+

+"The rest you will leave in our hands."

+

+"But what will you do?"

+

+"We shall spend the night in your room, and we shall investigate

+the cause of this noise which has disturbed you."

+

+"I believe, Mr. Holmes, that you have already made up your mind,"

+said Miss Stoner, laying her hand upon my companion's sleeve.

+

+"Perhaps I have."

+

+"Then, for pity's sake, tell me what was the cause of my sister's

+death."

+

+"I should prefer to have clearer proofs before I speak."

+

+"You can at least tell me whether my own thought is correct, and

+if she died from some sudden fright."

+

+"No, I do not think so. I think that there was probably some more

+tangible cause. And now, Miss Stoner, we must leave you for if

+Dr. Roylott returned and saw us our journey would be in vain.

+Good-bye, and be brave, for if you will do what I have told you,

+you may rest assured that we shall soon drive away the dangers

+that threaten you."

+

+Sherlock Holmes and I had no difficulty in engaging a bedroom and

+sitting-room at the Crown Inn. They were on the upper floor, and

+from our window we could command a view of the avenue gate, and

+of the inhabited wing of Stoke Moran Manor House. At dusk we saw

+Dr. Grimesby Roylott drive past, his huge form looming up beside

+the little figure of the lad who drove him. The boy had some

+slight difficulty in undoing the heavy iron gates, and we heard

+the hoarse roar of the doctor's voice and saw the fury with which

+he shook his clinched fists at him. The trap drove on, and a few

+minutes later we saw a sudden light spring up among the trees as

+the lamp was lit in one of the sitting-rooms.

+

+"Do you know, Watson," said Holmes as we sat together in the

+gathering darkness, "I have really some scruples as to taking you

+to-night. There is a distinct element of danger."

+

+"Can I be of assistance?"

+

+"Your presence might be invaluable."

+

+"Then I shall certainly come."

+

+"It is very kind of you."

+

+"You speak of danger. You have evidently seen more in these rooms

+than was visible to me."

+

+"No, but I fancy that I may have deduced a little more. I imagine

+that you saw all that I did."

+

+"I saw nothing remarkable save the bell-rope, and what purpose

+that could answer I confess is more than I can imagine."

+

+"You saw the ventilator, too?"

+

+"Yes, but I do not think that it is such a very unusual thing to

+have a small opening between two rooms. It was so small that a

+rat could hardly pass through."

+

+"I knew that we should find a ventilator before ever we came to

+Stoke Moran."

+

+"My dear Holmes!"

+

+"Oh, yes, I did. You remember in her statement she said that her

+sister could smell Dr. Roylott's cigar. Now, of course that

+suggested at once that there must be a communication between the

+two rooms. It could only be a small one, or it would have been

+remarked upon at the coroner's inquiry. I deduced a ventilator."

+

+"But what harm can there be in that?"

+

+"Well, there is at least a curious coincidence of dates. A

+ventilator is made, a cord is hung, and a lady who sleeps in the

+bed dies. Does not that strike you?"

+

+"I cannot as yet see any connection."

+

+"Did you observe anything very peculiar about that bed?"

+

+"No."

+

+"It was clamped to the floor. Did you ever see a bed fastened

+like that before?"

+

+"I cannot say that I have."

+

+"The lady could not move her bed. It must always be in the same

+relative position to the ventilator and to the rope--or so we may

+call it, since it was clearly never meant for a bell-pull."

+

+"Holmes," I cried, "I seem to see dimly what you are hinting at.

+We are only just in time to prevent some subtle and horrible

+crime."

+

+"Subtle enough and horrible enough. When a doctor does go wrong

+he is the first of criminals. He has nerve and he has knowledge.

+Palmer and Pritchard were among the heads of their profession.

+This man strikes even deeper, but I think, Watson, that we shall

+be able to strike deeper still. But we shall have horrors enough

+before the night is over; for goodness' sake let us have a quiet

+pipe and turn our minds for a few hours to something more

+cheerful."

+

+

+About nine o'clock the light among the trees was extinguished,

+and all was dark in the direction of the Manor House. Two hours

+passed slowly away, and then, suddenly, just at the stroke of

+eleven, a single bright light shone out right in front of us.

+

+"That is our signal," said Holmes, springing to his feet; "it

+comes from the middle window."

+

+As we passed out he exchanged a few words with the landlord,

+explaining that we were going on a late visit to an acquaintance,

+and that it was possible that we might spend the night there. A

+moment later we were out on the dark road, a chill wind blowing

+in our faces, and one yellow light twinkling in front of us

+through the gloom to guide us on our sombre errand.

+

+There was little difficulty in entering the grounds, for

+unrepaired breaches gaped in the old park wall. Making our way

+among the trees, we reached the lawn, crossed it, and were about

+to enter through the window when out from a clump of laurel

+bushes there darted what seemed to be a hideous and distorted

+child, who threw itself upon the grass with writhing limbs and

+then ran swiftly across the lawn into the darkness.

+

+"My God!" I whispered; "did you see it?"

+

+Holmes was for the moment as startled as I. His hand closed like

+a vice upon my wrist in his agitation. Then he broke into a low

+laugh and put his lips to my ear.

+

+"It is a nice household," he murmured. "That is the baboon."

+

+I had forgotten the strange pets which the doctor affected. There

+was a cheetah, too; perhaps we might find it upon our shoulders

+at any moment. I confess that I felt easier in my mind when,

+after following Holmes' example and slipping off my shoes, I

+found myself inside the bedroom. My companion noiselessly closed

+the shutters, moved the lamp onto the table, and cast his eyes

+round the room. All was as we had seen it in the daytime. Then

+creeping up to me and making a trumpet of his hand, he whispered

+into my ear again so gently that it was all that I could do to

+distinguish the words:

+

+"The least sound would be fatal to our plans."

+

+I nodded to show that I had heard.

+

+"We must sit without light. He would see it through the

+ventilator."

+

+I nodded again.

+

+"Do not go asleep; your very life may depend upon it. Have your

+pistol ready in case we should need it. I will sit on the side of

+the bed, and you in that chair."

+

+I took out my revolver and laid it on the corner of the table.

+

+Holmes had brought up a long thin cane, and this he placed upon

+the bed beside him. By it he laid the box of matches and the

+stump of a candle. Then he turned down the lamp, and we were left

+in darkness.

+

+How shall I ever forget that dreadful vigil? I could not hear a

+sound, not even the drawing of a breath, and yet I knew that my

+companion sat open-eyed, within a few feet of me, in the same

+state of nervous tension in which I was myself. The shutters cut

+off the least ray of light, and we waited in absolute darkness.

+

+From outside came the occasional cry of a night-bird, and once at

+our very window a long drawn catlike whine, which told us that

+the cheetah was indeed at liberty. Far away we could hear the

+deep tones of the parish clock, which boomed out every quarter of

+an hour. How long they seemed, those quarters! Twelve struck, and

+one and two and three, and still we sat waiting silently for

+whatever might befall.

+

+Suddenly there was the momentary gleam of a light up in the

+direction of the ventilator, which vanished immediately, but was

+succeeded by a strong smell of burning oil and heated metal.

+Someone in the next room had lit a dark-lantern. I heard a gentle

+sound of movement, and then all was silent once more, though the

+smell grew stronger. For half an hour I sat with straining ears.

+Then suddenly another sound became audible--a very gentle,

+soothing sound, like that of a small jet of steam escaping

+continually from a kettle. The instant that we heard it, Holmes

+sprang from the bed, struck a match, and lashed furiously with

+his cane at the bell-pull.

+

+"You see it, Watson?" he yelled. "You see it?"

+

+But I saw nothing. At the moment when Holmes struck the light I

+heard a low, clear whistle, but the sudden glare flashing into my

+weary eyes made it impossible for me to tell what it was at which

+my friend lashed so savagely. I could, however, see that his face

+was deadly pale and filled with horror and loathing. He had

+ceased to strike and was gazing up at the ventilator when

+suddenly there broke from the silence of the night the most

+horrible cry to which I have ever listened. It swelled up louder

+and louder, a hoarse yell of pain and fear and anger all mingled

+in the one dreadful shriek. They say that away down in the

+village, and even in the distant parsonage, that cry raised the

+sleepers from their beds. It struck cold to our hearts, and I

+stood gazing at Holmes, and he at me, until the last echoes of it

+had died away into the silence from which it rose.

+

+"What can it mean?" I gasped.

+

+"It means that it is all over," Holmes answered. "And perhaps,

+after all, it is for the best. Take your pistol, and we will

+enter Dr. Roylott's room."

+

+With a grave face he lit the lamp and led the way down the

+corridor. Twice he struck at the chamber door without any reply

+from within. Then he turned the handle and entered, I at his

+heels, with the cocked pistol in my hand.

+

+It was a singular sight which met our eyes. On the table stood a

+dark-lantern with the shutter half open, throwing a brilliant

+beam of light upon the iron safe, the door of which was ajar.

+Beside this table, on the wooden chair, sat Dr. Grimesby Roylott

+clad in a long grey dressing-gown, his bare ankles protruding

+beneath, and his feet thrust into red heelless Turkish slippers.

+Across his lap lay the short stock with the long lash which we

+had noticed during the day. His chin was cocked upward and his

+eyes were fixed in a dreadful, rigid stare at the corner of the

+ceiling. Round his brow he had a peculiar yellow band, with

+brownish speckles, which seemed to be bound tightly round his

+head. As we entered he made neither sound nor motion.

+

+"The band! the speckled band!" whispered Holmes.

+

+I took a step forward. In an instant his strange headgear began

+to move, and there reared itself from among his hair the squat

+diamond-shaped head and puffed neck of a loathsome serpent.

+

+"It is a swamp adder!" cried Holmes; "the deadliest snake in

+India. He has died within ten seconds of being bitten. Violence

+does, in truth, recoil upon the violent, and the schemer falls

+into the pit which he digs for another. Let us thrust this

+creature back into its den, and we can then remove Miss Stoner to

+some place of shelter and let the county police know what has

+happened."

+

+As he spoke he drew the dog-whip swiftly from the dead man's lap,

+and throwing the noose round the reptile's neck he drew it from

+its horrid perch and, carrying it at arm's length, threw it into

+the iron safe, which he closed upon it.

+

+Such are the true facts of the death of Dr. Grimesby Roylott, of

+Stoke Moran. It is not necessary that I should prolong a

+narrative which has already run to too great a length by telling

+how we broke the sad news to the terrified girl, how we conveyed

+her by the morning train to the care of her good aunt at Harrow,

+of how the slow process of official inquiry came to the

+conclusion that the doctor met his fate while indiscreetly

+playing with a dangerous pet. The little which I had yet to learn

+of the case was told me by Sherlock Holmes as we travelled back

+next day.

+

+"I had," said he, "come to an entirely erroneous conclusion which

+shows, my dear Watson, how dangerous it always is to reason from

+insufficient data. The presence of the gipsies, and the use of

+the word 'band,' which was used by the poor girl, no doubt, to

+explain the appearance which she had caught a hurried glimpse of

+by the light of her match, were sufficient to put me upon an

+entirely wrong scent. I can only claim the merit that I instantly

+reconsidered my position when, however, it became clear to me

+that whatever danger threatened an occupant of the room could not

+come either from the window or the door. My attention was

+speedily drawn, as I have already remarked to you, to this

+ventilator, and to the bell-rope which hung down to the bed. The

+discovery that this was a dummy, and that the bed was clamped to

+the floor, instantly gave rise to the suspicion that the rope was

+there as a bridge for something passing through the hole and

+coming to the bed. The idea of a snake instantly occurred to me,

+and when I coupled it with my knowledge that the doctor was

+furnished with a supply of creatures from India, I felt that I

+was probably on the right track. The idea of using a form of

+poison which could not possibly be discovered by any chemical

+test was just such a one as would occur to a clever and ruthless

+man who had had an Eastern training. The rapidity with which such

+a poison would take effect would also, from his point of view, be

+an advantage. It would be a sharp-eyed coroner, indeed, who could

+distinguish the two little dark punctures which would show where

+the poison fangs had done their work. Then I thought of the

+whistle. Of course he must recall the snake before the morning

+light revealed it to the victim. He had trained it, probably by

+the use of the milk which we saw, to return to him when summoned.

+He would put it through this ventilator at the hour that he

+thought best, with the certainty that it would crawl down the

+rope and land on the bed. It might or might not bite the

+occupant, perhaps she might escape every night for a week, but

+sooner or later she must fall a victim.

+

+"I had come to these conclusions before ever I had entered his

+room. An inspection of his chair showed me that he had been in

+the habit of standing on it, which of course would be necessary

+in order that he should reach the ventilator. The sight of the

+safe, the saucer of milk, and the loop of whipcord were enough to

+finally dispel any doubts which may have remained. The metallic

+clang heard by Miss Stoner was obviously caused by her stepfather

+hastily closing the door of his safe upon its terrible occupant.

+Having once made up my mind, you know the steps which I took in

+order to put the matter to the proof. I heard the creature hiss

+as I have no doubt that you did also, and I instantly lit the

+light and attacked it."

+

+"With the result of driving it through the ventilator."

+

+"And also with the result of causing it to turn upon its master

+at the other side. Some of the blows of my cane came home and

+roused its snakish temper, so that it flew upon the first person

+it saw. In this way I am no doubt indirectly responsible for Dr.

+Grimesby Roylott's death, and I cannot say that it is likely to

+weigh very heavily upon my conscience."

+

+

+

+IX. THE ADVENTURE OF THE ENGINEER'S THUMB

+

+Of all the problems which have been submitted to my friend, Mr.

+Sherlock Holmes, for solution during the years of our intimacy,

+there were only two which I was the means of introducing to his

+notice--that of Mr. Hatherley's thumb, and that of Colonel

+Warburton's madness. Of these the latter may have afforded a

+finer field for an acute and original observer, but the other was

+so strange in its inception and so dramatic in its details that

+it may be the more worthy of being placed upon record, even if it

+gave my friend fewer openings for those deductive methods of

+reasoning by which he achieved such remarkable results. The story

+has, I believe, been told more than once in the newspapers, but,

+like all such narratives, its effect is much less striking when

+set forth en bloc in a single half-column of print than when the

+facts slowly evolve before your own eyes, and the mystery clears

+gradually away as each new discovery furnishes a step which leads

+on to the complete truth. At the time the circumstances made a

+deep impression upon me, and the lapse of two years has hardly

+served to weaken the effect.

+

+It was in the summer of '89, not long after my marriage, that the

+events occurred which I am now about to summarise. I had returned

+to civil practice and had finally abandoned Holmes in his Baker

+Street rooms, although I continually visited him and occasionally

+even persuaded him to forgo his Bohemian habits so far as to come

+and visit us. My practice had steadily increased, and as I

+happened to live at no very great distance from Paddington

+Station, I got a few patients from among the officials. One of

+these, whom I had cured of a painful and lingering disease, was

+never weary of advertising my virtues and of endeavouring to send

+me on every sufferer over whom he might have any influence.

+

+One morning, at a little before seven o'clock, I was awakened by

+the maid tapping at the door to announce that two men had come

+from Paddington and were waiting in the consulting-room. I

+dressed hurriedly, for I knew by experience that railway cases

+were seldom trivial, and hastened downstairs. As I descended, my

+old ally, the guard, came out of the room and closed the door

+tightly behind him.

+

+"I've got him here," he whispered, jerking his thumb over his

+shoulder; "he's all right."

+

+"What is it, then?" I asked, for his manner suggested that it was

+some strange creature which he had caged up in my room.

+

+"It's a new patient," he whispered. "I thought I'd bring him

+round myself; then he couldn't slip away. There he is, all safe

+and sound. I must go now, Doctor; I have my dooties, just the

+same as you." And off he went, this trusty tout, without even

+giving me time to thank him.

+

+I entered my consulting-room and found a gentleman seated by the

+table. He was quietly dressed in a suit of heather tweed with a

+soft cloth cap which he had laid down upon my books. Round one of

+his hands he had a handkerchief wrapped, which was mottled all

+over with bloodstains. He was young, not more than

+five-and-twenty, I should say, with a strong, masculine face; but

+he was exceedingly pale and gave me the impression of a man who

+was suffering from some strong agitation, which it took all his

+strength of mind to control.

+

+"I am sorry to knock you up so early, Doctor," said he, "but I

+have had a very serious accident during the night. I came in by

+train this morning, and on inquiring at Paddington as to where I

+might find a doctor, a worthy fellow very kindly escorted me

+here. I gave the maid a card, but I see that she has left it upon

+the side-table."

+

+I took it up and glanced at it. "Mr. Victor Hatherley, hydraulic

+engineer, 16A, Victoria Street (3rd floor)." That was the name,

+style, and abode of my morning visitor. "I regret that I have

+kept you waiting," said I, sitting down in my library-chair. "You

+are fresh from a night journey, I understand, which is in itself

+a monotonous occupation."

+

+"Oh, my night could not be called monotonous," said he, and

+laughed. He laughed very heartily, with a high, ringing note,

+leaning back in his chair and shaking his sides. All my medical

+instincts rose up against that laugh.

+

+"Stop it!" I cried; "pull yourself together!" and I poured out

+some water from a caraffe.

+

+It was useless, however. He was off in one of those hysterical

+outbursts which come upon a strong nature when some great crisis

+is over and gone. Presently he came to himself once more, very

+weary and pale-looking.

+

+"I have been making a fool of myself," he gasped.

+

+"Not at all. Drink this." I dashed some brandy into the water,

+and the colour began to come back to his bloodless cheeks.

+

+"That's better!" said he. "And now, Doctor, perhaps you would

+kindly attend to my thumb, or rather to the place where my thumb

+used to be."

+

+He unwound the handkerchief and held out his hand. It gave even

+my hardened nerves a shudder to look at it. There were four

+protruding fingers and a horrid red, spongy surface where the

+thumb should have been. It had been hacked or torn right out from

+the roots.

+

+"Good heavens!" I cried, "this is a terrible injury. It must have

+bled considerably."

+

+"Yes, it did. I fainted when it was done, and I think that I must

+have been senseless for a long time. When I came to I found that

+it was still bleeding, so I tied one end of my handkerchief very

+tightly round the wrist and braced it up with a twig."

+

+"Excellent! You should have been a surgeon."

+

+"It is a question of hydraulics, you see, and came within my own

+province."

+

+"This has been done," said I, examining the wound, "by a very

+heavy and sharp instrument."

+

+"A thing like a cleaver," said he.

+

+"An accident, I presume?"

+

+"By no means."

+

+"What! a murderous attack?"

+

+"Very murderous indeed."

+

+"You horrify me."

+

+I sponged the wound, cleaned it, dressed it, and finally covered

+it over with cotton wadding and carbolised bandages. He lay back

+without wincing, though he bit his lip from time to time.

+

+"How is that?" I asked when I had finished.

+

+"Capital! Between your brandy and your bandage, I feel a new man.

+I was very weak, but I have had a good deal to go through."

+

+"Perhaps you had better not speak of the matter. It is evidently

+trying to your nerves."

+

+"Oh, no, not now. I shall have to tell my tale to the police;

+but, between ourselves, if it were not for the convincing

+evidence of this wound of mine, I should be surprised if they

+believed my statement, for it is a very extraordinary one, and I

+have not much in the way of proof with which to back it up; and,

+even if they believe me, the clues which I can give them are so

+vague that it is a question whether justice will be done."

+

+"Ha!" cried I, "if it is anything in the nature of a problem

+which you desire to see solved, I should strongly recommend you

+to come to my friend, Mr. Sherlock Holmes, before you go to the

+official police."

+

+"Oh, I have heard of that fellow," answered my visitor, "and I

+should be very glad if he would take the matter up, though of

+course I must use the official police as well. Would you give me

+an introduction to him?"

+

+"I'll do better. I'll take you round to him myself."

+

+"I should be immensely obliged to you."

+

+"We'll call a cab and go together. We shall just be in time to

+have a little breakfast with him. Do you feel equal to it?"

+

+"Yes; I shall not feel easy until I have told my story."

+

+"Then my servant will call a cab, and I shall be with you in an

+instant." I rushed upstairs, explained the matter shortly to my

+wife, and in five minutes was inside a hansom, driving with my

+new acquaintance to Baker Street.

+

+Sherlock Holmes was, as I expected, lounging about his

+sitting-room in his dressing-gown, reading the agony column of The

+Times and smoking his before-breakfast pipe, which was composed

+of all the plugs and dottles left from his smokes of the day

+before, all carefully dried and collected on the corner of the

+mantelpiece. He received us in his quietly genial fashion,

+ordered fresh rashers and eggs, and joined us in a hearty meal.

+When it was concluded he settled our new acquaintance upon the

+sofa, placed a pillow beneath his head, and laid a glass of

+brandy and water within his reach.

+

+"It is easy to see that your experience has been no common one,

+Mr. Hatherley," said he. "Pray, lie down there and make yourself

+absolutely at home. Tell us what you can, but stop when you are

+tired and keep up your strength with a little stimulant."

+

+"Thank you," said my patient, "but I have felt another man since

+the doctor bandaged me, and I think that your breakfast has

+completed the cure. I shall take up as little of your valuable

+time as possible, so I shall start at once upon my peculiar

+experiences."

+

+Holmes sat in his big armchair with the weary, heavy-lidded

+expression which veiled his keen and eager nature, while I sat

+opposite to him, and we listened in silence to the strange story

+which our visitor detailed to us.

+

+"You must know," said he, "that I am an orphan and a bachelor,

+residing alone in lodgings in London. By profession I am a

+hydraulic engineer, and I have had considerable experience of my

+work during the seven years that I was apprenticed to Venner &

+Matheson, the well-known firm, of Greenwich. Two years ago,

+having served my time, and having also come into a fair sum of

+money through my poor father's death, I determined to start in

+business for myself and took professional chambers in Victoria

+Street.

+

+"I suppose that everyone finds his first independent start in

+business a dreary experience. To me it has been exceptionally so.

+During two years I have had three consultations and one small

+job, and that is absolutely all that my profession has brought

+me. My gross takings amount to 27 pounds 10s. Every day, from

+nine in the morning until four in the afternoon, I waited in my

+little den, until at last my heart began to sink, and I came to

+believe that I should never have any practice at all.

+

+"Yesterday, however, just as I was thinking of leaving the

+office, my clerk entered to say there was a gentleman waiting who

+wished to see me upon business. He brought up a card, too, with

+the name of 'Colonel Lysander Stark' engraved upon it. Close at

+his heels came the colonel himself, a man rather over the middle

+size, but of an exceeding thinness. I do not think that I have

+ever seen so thin a man. His whole face sharpened away into nose

+and chin, and the skin of his cheeks was drawn quite tense over

+his outstanding bones. Yet this emaciation seemed to be his

+natural habit, and due to no disease, for his eye was bright, his

+step brisk, and his bearing assured. He was plainly but neatly

+dressed, and his age, I should judge, would be nearer forty than

+thirty.

+

+"'Mr. Hatherley?' said he, with something of a German accent.

+'You have been recommended to me, Mr. Hatherley, as being a man

+who is not only proficient in his profession but is also discreet

+and capable of preserving a secret.'

+

+"I bowed, feeling as flattered as any young man would at such an

+address. 'May I ask who it was who gave me so good a character?'

+

+"'Well, perhaps it is better that I should not tell you that just

+at this moment. I have it from the same source that you are both

+an orphan and a bachelor and are residing alone in London.'

+

+"'That is quite correct,' I answered; 'but you will excuse me if

+I say that I cannot see how all this bears upon my professional

+qualifications. I understand that it was on a professional matter

+that you wished to speak to me?'

+

+"'Undoubtedly so. But you will find that all I say is really to

+the point. I have a professional commission for you, but absolute

+secrecy is quite essential--absolute secrecy, you understand, and

+of course we may expect that more from a man who is alone than

+from one who lives in the bosom of his family.'

+

+"'If I promise to keep a secret,' said I, 'you may absolutely

+depend upon my doing so.'

+

+"He looked very hard at me as I spoke, and it seemed to me that I

+had never seen so suspicious and questioning an eye.

+

+"'Do you promise, then?' said he at last.

+

+"'Yes, I promise.'

+

+"'Absolute and complete silence before, during, and after? No

+reference to the matter at all, either in word or writing?'

+

+"'I have already given you my word.'

+

+"'Very good.' He suddenly sprang up, and darting like lightning

+across the room he flung open the door. The passage outside was

+empty.

+

+"'That's all right,' said he, coming back. 'I know that clerks are

+sometimes curious as to their master's affairs. Now we can talk

+in safety.' He drew up his chair very close to mine and began to

+stare at me again with the same questioning and thoughtful look.

+

+"A feeling of repulsion, and of something akin to fear had begun

+to rise within me at the strange antics of this fleshless man.

+Even my dread of losing a client could not restrain me from

+showing my impatience.

+

+"'I beg that you will state your business, sir,' said I; 'my time

+is of value.' Heaven forgive me for that last sentence, but the

+words came to my lips.

+

+"'How would fifty guineas for a night's work suit you?' he asked.

+

+"'Most admirably.'

+

+"'I say a night's work, but an hour's would be nearer the mark. I

+simply want your opinion about a hydraulic stamping machine which

+has got out of gear. If you show us what is wrong we shall soon

+set it right ourselves. What do you think of such a commission as

+that?'

+

+"'The work appears to be light and the pay munificent.'

+

+"'Precisely so. We shall want you to come to-night by the last

+train.'

+

+"'Where to?'

+

+"'To Eyford, in Berkshire. It is a little place near the borders

+of Oxfordshire, and within seven miles of Reading. There is a

+train from Paddington which would bring you there at about

+11:15.'

+

+"'Very good.'

+

+"'I shall come down in a carriage to meet you.'

+

+"'There is a drive, then?'

+

+"'Yes, our little place is quite out in the country. It is a good

+seven miles from Eyford Station.'

+

+"'Then we can hardly get there before midnight. I suppose there

+would be no chance of a train back. I should be compelled to stop

+the night.'

+

+"'Yes, we could easily give you a shake-down.'

+

+"'That is very awkward. Could I not come at some more convenient

+hour?'

+

+"'We have judged it best that you should come late. It is to

+recompense you for any inconvenience that we are paying to you, a

+young and unknown man, a fee which would buy an opinion from the

+very heads of your profession. Still, of course, if you would

+like to draw out of the business, there is plenty of time to do

+so.'

+

+"I thought of the fifty guineas, and of how very useful they

+would be to me. 'Not at all,' said I, 'I shall be very happy to

+accommodate myself to your wishes. I should like, however, to

+understand a little more clearly what it is that you wish me to

+do.'

+

+"'Quite so. It is very natural that the pledge of secrecy which

+we have exacted from you should have aroused your curiosity. I

+have no wish to commit you to anything without your having it all

+laid before you. I suppose that we are absolutely safe from

+eavesdroppers?'

+

+"'Entirely.'

+

+"'Then the matter stands thus. You are probably aware that

+fuller's-earth is a valuable product, and that it is only found

+in one or two places in England?'

+

+"'I have heard so.'

+

+"'Some little time ago I bought a small place--a very small

+place--within ten miles of Reading. I was fortunate enough to

+discover that there was a deposit of fuller's-earth in one of my

+fields. On examining it, however, I found that this deposit was a

+comparatively small one, and that it formed a link between two

+very much larger ones upon the right and left--both of them,

+however, in the grounds of my neighbours. These good people were

+absolutely ignorant that their land contained that which was

+quite as valuable as a gold-mine. Naturally, it was to my

+interest to buy their land before they discovered its true value,

+but unfortunately I had no capital by which I could do this. I

+took a few of my friends into the secret, however, and they

+suggested that we should quietly and secretly work our own little

+deposit and that in this way we should earn the money which would

+enable us to buy the neighbouring fields. This we have now been

+doing for some time, and in order to help us in our operations we

+erected a hydraulic press. This press, as I have already

+explained, has got out of order, and we wish your advice upon the

+subject. We guard our secret very jealously, however, and if it

+once became known that we had hydraulic engineers coming to our

+little house, it would soon rouse inquiry, and then, if the facts

+came out, it would be good-bye to any chance of getting these

+fields and carrying out our plans. That is why I have made you

+promise me that you will not tell a human being that you are

+going to Eyford to-night. I hope that I make it all plain?'

+

+"'I quite follow you,' said I. 'The only point which I could not

+quite understand was what use you could make of a hydraulic press

+in excavating fuller's-earth, which, as I understand, is dug out

+like gravel from a pit.'

+

+"'Ah!' said he carelessly, 'we have our own process. We compress

+the earth into bricks, so as to remove them without revealing

+what they are. But that is a mere detail. I have taken you fully

+into my confidence now, Mr. Hatherley, and I have shown you how I

+trust you.' He rose as he spoke. 'I shall expect you, then, at

+Eyford at 11:15.'

+

+"'I shall certainly be there.'

+

+"'And not a word to a soul.' He looked at me with a last long,

+questioning gaze, and then, pressing my hand in a cold, dank

+grasp, he hurried from the room.

+

+"Well, when I came to think it all over in cool blood I was very

+much astonished, as you may both think, at this sudden commission

+which had been intrusted to me. On the one hand, of course, I was

+glad, for the fee was at least tenfold what I should have asked

+had I set a price upon my own services, and it was possible that

+this order might lead to other ones. On the other hand, the face

+and manner of my patron had made an unpleasant impression upon

+me, and I could not think that his explanation of the

+fuller's-earth was sufficient to explain the necessity for my

+coming at midnight, and his extreme anxiety lest I should tell

+anyone of my errand. However, I threw all fears to the winds, ate

+a hearty supper, drove to Paddington, and started off, having

+obeyed to the letter the injunction as to holding my tongue.

+

+"At Reading I had to change not only my carriage but my station.

+However, I was in time for the last train to Eyford, and I

+reached the little dim-lit station after eleven o'clock. I was the

+only passenger who got out there, and there was no one upon the

+platform save a single sleepy porter with a lantern. As I passed

+out through the wicket gate, however, I found my acquaintance of

+the morning waiting in the shadow upon the other side. Without a

+word he grasped my arm and hurried me into a carriage, the door

+of which was standing open. He drew up the windows on either

+side, tapped on the wood-work, and away we went as fast as the

+horse could go."

+

+"One horse?" interjected Holmes.

+

+"Yes, only one."

+

+"Did you observe the colour?"

+

+"Yes, I saw it by the side-lights when I was stepping into the

+carriage. It was a chestnut."

+

+"Tired-looking or fresh?"

+

+"Oh, fresh and glossy."

+

+"Thank you. I am sorry to have interrupted you. Pray continue

+your most interesting statement."

+

+"Away we went then, and we drove for at least an hour. Colonel

+Lysander Stark had said that it was only seven miles, but I

+should think, from the rate that we seemed to go, and from the

+time that we took, that it must have been nearer twelve. He sat

+at my side in silence all the time, and I was aware, more than

+once when I glanced in his direction, that he was looking at me

+with great intensity. The country roads seem to be not very good

+in that part of the world, for we lurched and jolted terribly. I

+tried to look out of the windows to see something of where we

+were, but they were made of frosted glass, and I could make out

+nothing save the occasional bright blur of a passing light. Now

+and then I hazarded some remark to break the monotony of the

+journey, but the colonel answered only in monosyllables, and the

+conversation soon flagged. At last, however, the bumping of the

+road was exchanged for the crisp smoothness of a gravel-drive,

+and the carriage came to a stand. Colonel Lysander Stark sprang

+out, and, as I followed after him, pulled me swiftly into a porch

+which gaped in front of us. We stepped, as it were, right out of

+the carriage and into the hall, so that I failed to catch the

+most fleeting glance of the front of the house. The instant that

+I had crossed the threshold the door slammed heavily behind us,

+and I heard faintly the rattle of the wheels as the carriage

+drove away.

+

+"It was pitch dark inside the house, and the colonel fumbled

+about looking for matches and muttering under his breath.

+Suddenly a door opened at the other end of the passage, and a

+long, golden bar of light shot out in our direction. It grew

+broader, and a woman appeared with a lamp in her hand, which she

+held above her head, pushing her face forward and peering at us.

+I could see that she was pretty, and from the gloss with which

+the light shone upon her dark dress I knew that it was a rich

+material. She spoke a few words in a foreign tongue in a tone as

+though asking a question, and when my companion answered in a

+gruff monosyllable she gave such a start that the lamp nearly

+fell from her hand. Colonel Stark went up to her, whispered

+something in her ear, and then, pushing her back into the room

+from whence she had come, he walked towards me again with the

+lamp in his hand.

+

+"'Perhaps you will have the kindness to wait in this room for a

+few minutes,' said he, throwing open another door. It was a

+quiet, little, plainly furnished room, with a round table in the

+centre, on which several German books were scattered. Colonel

+Stark laid down the lamp on the top of a harmonium beside the

+door. 'I shall not keep you waiting an instant,' said he, and

+vanished into the darkness.

+

+"I glanced at the books upon the table, and in spite of my

+ignorance of German I could see that two of them were treatises

+on science, the others being volumes of poetry. Then I walked

+across to the window, hoping that I might catch some glimpse of

+the country-side, but an oak shutter, heavily barred, was folded

+across it. It was a wonderfully silent house. There was an old

+clock ticking loudly somewhere in the passage, but otherwise

+everything was deadly still. A vague feeling of uneasiness began

+to steal over me. Who were these German people, and what were

+they doing living in this strange, out-of-the-way place? And

+where was the place? I was ten miles or so from Eyford, that was

+all I knew, but whether north, south, east, or west I had no

+idea. For that matter, Reading, and possibly other large towns,

+were within that radius, so the place might not be so secluded,

+after all. Yet it was quite certain, from the absolute stillness,

+that we were in the country. I paced up and down the room,

+humming a tune under my breath to keep up my spirits and feeling

+that I was thoroughly earning my fifty-guinea fee.

+

+"Suddenly, without any preliminary sound in the midst of the

+utter stillness, the door of my room swung slowly open. The woman

+was standing in the aperture, the darkness of the hall behind

+her, the yellow light from my lamp beating upon her eager and

+beautiful face. I could see at a glance that she was sick with

+fear, and the sight sent a chill to my own heart. She held up one

+shaking finger to warn me to be silent, and she shot a few

+whispered words of broken English at me, her eyes glancing back,

+like those of a frightened horse, into the gloom behind her.

+

+"'I would go,' said she, trying hard, as it seemed to me, to

+speak calmly; 'I would go. I should not stay here. There is no

+good for you to do.'

+

+"'But, madam,' said I, 'I have not yet done what I came for. I

+cannot possibly leave until I have seen the machine.'

+

+"'It is not worth your while to wait,' she went on. 'You can pass

+through the door; no one hinders.' And then, seeing that I smiled

+and shook my head, she suddenly threw aside her constraint and

+made a step forward, with her hands wrung together. 'For the love

+of Heaven!' she whispered, 'get away from here before it is too

+late!'

+

+"But I am somewhat headstrong by nature, and the more ready to

+engage in an affair when there is some obstacle in the way. I

+thought of my fifty-guinea fee, of my wearisome journey, and of

+the unpleasant night which seemed to be before me. Was it all to

+go for nothing? Why should I slink away without having carried

+out my commission, and without the payment which was my due? This

+woman might, for all I knew, be a monomaniac. With a stout

+bearing, therefore, though her manner had shaken me more than I

+cared to confess, I still shook my head and declared my intention

+of remaining where I was. She was about to renew her entreaties

+when a door slammed overhead, and the sound of several footsteps

+was heard upon the stairs. She listened for an instant, threw up

+her hands with a despairing gesture, and vanished as suddenly and

+as noiselessly as she had come.

+

+"The newcomers were Colonel Lysander Stark and a short thick man

+with a chinchilla beard growing out of the creases of his double

+chin, who was introduced to me as Mr. Ferguson.

+

+"'This is my secretary and manager,' said the colonel. 'By the

+way, I was under the impression that I left this door shut just

+now. I fear that you have felt the draught.'

+

+"'On the contrary,' said I, 'I opened the door myself because I

+felt the room to be a little close.'

+

+"He shot one of his suspicious looks at me. 'Perhaps we had

+better proceed to business, then,' said he. 'Mr. Ferguson and I

+will take you up to see the machine.'

+

+"'I had better put my hat on, I suppose.'

+

+"'Oh, no, it is in the house.'

+

+"'What, you dig fuller's-earth in the house?'

+

+"'No, no. This is only where we compress it. But never mind that.

+All we wish you to do is to examine the machine and to let us

+know what is wrong with it.'

+

+"We went upstairs together, the colonel first with the lamp, the

+fat manager and I behind him. It was a labyrinth of an old house,

+with corridors, passages, narrow winding staircases, and little

+low doors, the thresholds of which were hollowed out by the

+generations who had crossed them. There were no carpets and no

+signs of any furniture above the ground floor, while the plaster

+was peeling off the walls, and the damp was breaking through in

+green, unhealthy blotches. I tried to put on as unconcerned an

+air as possible, but I had not forgotten the warnings of the

+lady, even though I disregarded them, and I kept a keen eye upon

+my two companions. Ferguson appeared to be a morose and silent

+man, but I could see from the little that he said that he was at

+least a fellow-countryman.

+

+"Colonel Lysander Stark stopped at last before a low door, which

+he unlocked. Within was a small, square room, in which the three

+of us could hardly get at one time. Ferguson remained outside,

+and the colonel ushered me in.

+

+"'We are now,' said he, 'actually within the hydraulic press, and

+it would be a particularly unpleasant thing for us if anyone were

+to turn it on. The ceiling of this small chamber is really the

+end of the descending piston, and it comes down with the force of

+many tons upon this metal floor. There are small lateral columns

+of water outside which receive the force, and which transmit and

+multiply it in the manner which is familiar to you. The machine

+goes readily enough, but there is some stiffness in the working

+of it, and it has lost a little of its force. Perhaps you will

+have the goodness to look it over and to show us how we can set

+it right.'

+

+"I took the lamp from him, and I examined the machine very

+thoroughly. It was indeed a gigantic one, and capable of

+exercising enormous pressure. When I passed outside, however, and

+pressed down the levers which controlled it, I knew at once by

+the whishing sound that there was a slight leakage, which allowed

+a regurgitation of water through one of the side cylinders. An

+examination showed that one of the india-rubber bands which was

+round the head of a driving-rod had shrunk so as not quite to

+fill the socket along which it worked. This was clearly the cause

+of the loss of power, and I pointed it out to my companions, who

+followed my remarks very carefully and asked several practical

+questions as to how they should proceed to set it right. When I

+had made it clear to them, I returned to the main chamber of the

+machine and took a good look at it to satisfy my own curiosity.

+It was obvious at a glance that the story of the fuller's-earth

+was the merest fabrication, for it would be absurd to suppose

+that so powerful an engine could be designed for so inadequate a

+purpose. The walls were of wood, but the floor consisted of a

+large iron trough, and when I came to examine it I could see a

+crust of metallic deposit all over it. I had stooped and was

+scraping at this to see exactly what it was when I heard a

+muttered exclamation in German and saw the cadaverous face of the

+colonel looking down at me.

+

+"'What are you doing there?' he asked.

+

+"I felt angry at having been tricked by so elaborate a story as

+that which he had told me. 'I was admiring your fuller's-earth,'

+said I; 'I think that I should be better able to advise you as to

+your machine if I knew what the exact purpose was for which it

+was used.'

+

+"The instant that I uttered the words I regretted the rashness of

+my speech. His face set hard, and a baleful light sprang up in

+his grey eyes.

+

+"'Very well,' said he, 'you shall know all about the machine.' He

+took a step backward, slammed the little door, and turned the key

+in the lock. I rushed towards it and pulled at the handle, but it

+was quite secure, and did not give in the least to my kicks and

+shoves. 'Hullo!' I yelled. 'Hullo! Colonel! Let me out!'

+

+"And then suddenly in the silence I heard a sound which sent my

+heart into my mouth. It was the clank of the levers and the swish

+of the leaking cylinder. He had set the engine at work. The lamp

+still stood upon the floor where I had placed it when examining

+the trough. By its light I saw that the black ceiling was coming

+down upon me, slowly, jerkily, but, as none knew better than

+myself, with a force which must within a minute grind me to a

+shapeless pulp. I threw myself, screaming, against the door, and

+dragged with my nails at the lock. I implored the colonel to let

+me out, but the remorseless clanking of the levers drowned my

+cries. The ceiling was only a foot or two above my head, and with

+my hand upraised I could feel its hard, rough surface. Then it

+flashed through my mind that the pain of my death would depend

+very much upon the position in which I met it. If I lay on my

+face the weight would come upon my spine, and I shuddered to

+think of that dreadful snap. Easier the other way, perhaps; and

+yet, had I the nerve to lie and look up at that deadly black

+shadow wavering down upon me? Already I was unable to stand

+erect, when my eye caught something which brought a gush of hope

+back to my heart.

+

+"I have said that though the floor and ceiling were of iron, the

+walls were of wood. As I gave a last hurried glance around, I saw

+a thin line of yellow light between two of the boards, which

+broadened and broadened as a small panel was pushed backward. For

+an instant I could hardly believe that here was indeed a door

+which led away from death. The next instant I threw myself

+through, and lay half-fainting upon the other side. The panel had

+closed again behind me, but the crash of the lamp, and a few

+moments afterwards the clang of the two slabs of metal, told me

+how narrow had been my escape.

+

+"I was recalled to myself by a frantic plucking at my wrist, and

+I found myself lying upon the stone floor of a narrow corridor,

+while a woman bent over me and tugged at me with her left hand,

+while she held a candle in her right. It was the same good friend

+whose warning I had so foolishly rejected.

+

+"'Come! come!' she cried breathlessly. 'They will be here in a

+moment. They will see that you are not there. Oh, do not waste

+the so-precious time, but come!'

+

+"This time, at least, I did not scorn her advice. I staggered to

+my feet and ran with her along the corridor and down a winding

+stair. The latter led to another broad passage, and just as we

+reached it we heard the sound of running feet and the shouting of

+two voices, one answering the other from the floor on which  we

+were and from the one beneath. My guide stopped and looked about

+her like one  who is at her wit's end. Then she threw open a door

+which led into a bedroom, through the window of which the moon

+was shining brightly.

+

+"'It is your only chance,' said she. 'It is high, but it may be

+that you can jump it.'

+

+"As she spoke a light sprang into view at the further end of the

+passage, and I saw the lean figure of Colonel Lysander Stark

+rushing forward with a lantern in one hand and a weapon like a

+butcher's cleaver in the other. I rushed across the bedroom,

+flung open the window, and looked out. How quiet and sweet and

+wholesome the garden looked in the moonlight, and it could not be

+more than thirty feet down. I clambered out upon the sill, but I

+hesitated to jump until I should have heard what passed between

+my saviour and the ruffian who pursued me. If she were ill-used,

+then at any risks I was determined to go back to her assistance.

+The thought had hardly flashed through my mind before he was at

+the door, pushing his way past her; but she threw her arms round

+him and tried to hold him back.

+

+"'Fritz! Fritz!' she cried in English, 'remember your promise

+after the last time. You said it should not be again. He will be

+silent! Oh, he will be silent!'

+

+"'You are mad, Elise!' he shouted, struggling to break away from

+her. 'You will be the ruin of us. He has seen too much. Let me

+pass, I say!' He dashed her to one side, and, rushing to the

+window, cut at me with his heavy weapon. I had let myself go, and

+was hanging by the hands to the sill, when his blow fell. I was

+conscious of a dull pain, my grip loosened, and I fell into the

+garden below.

+

+"I was shaken but not hurt by the fall; so I picked myself up and

+rushed off among the bushes as hard as I could run, for I

+understood that I was far from being out of danger yet. Suddenly,

+however, as I ran, a deadly dizziness and sickness came over me.

+I glanced down at my hand, which was throbbing painfully, and

+then, for the first time, saw that my thumb had been cut off and

+that the blood was pouring from my wound. I endeavoured to tie my

+handkerchief round it, but there came a sudden buzzing in my

+ears, and next moment I fell in a dead faint among the

+rose-bushes.

+

+"How long I remained unconscious I cannot tell. It must have been

+a very long time, for the moon had sunk, and a bright morning was

+breaking when I came to myself. My clothes were all sodden with

+dew, and my coat-sleeve was drenched with blood from my wounded

+thumb. The smarting of it recalled in an instant all the

+particulars of my night's adventure, and I sprang to my feet with

+the feeling that I might hardly yet be safe from my pursuers. But

+to my astonishment, when I came to look round me, neither house

+nor garden were to be seen. I had been lying in an angle of the

+hedge close by the highroad, and just a little lower down was a

+long building, which proved, upon my approaching it, to be the

+very station at which I had arrived upon the previous night. Were

+it not for the ugly wound upon my hand, all that had passed

+during those dreadful hours might have been an evil dream.

+

+"Half dazed, I went into the station and asked about the morning

+train. There would be one to Reading in less than an hour. The

+same porter was on duty, I found, as had been there when I

+arrived. I inquired of him whether he had ever heard of Colonel

+Lysander Stark. The name was strange to him. Had he observed a

+carriage the night before waiting for me? No, he had not. Was

+there a police-station anywhere near? There was one about three

+miles off.

+

+"It was too far for me to go, weak and ill as I was. I determined

+to wait until I got back to town before telling my story to the

+police. It was a little past six when I arrived, so I went first

+to have my wound dressed, and then the doctor was kind enough to

+bring me along here. I put the case into your hands and shall do

+exactly what you advise."

+

+We both sat in silence for some little time after listening to

+this extraordinary narrative. Then Sherlock Holmes pulled down

+from the shelf one of the ponderous commonplace books in which he

+placed his cuttings.

+

+"Here is an advertisement which will interest you," said he. "It

+appeared in all the papers about a year ago. Listen to this:

+'Lost, on the 9th inst., Mr. Jeremiah Hayling, aged

+twenty-six, a hydraulic engineer. Left his lodgings at ten

+o'clock at night, and has not been heard of since. Was

+dressed in,' etc., etc. Ha! That represents the last time that

+the colonel needed to have his machine overhauled, I fancy."

+

+"Good heavens!" cried my patient. "Then that explains what the

+girl said."

+

+"Undoubtedly. It is quite clear that the colonel was a cool and

+desperate man, who was absolutely determined that nothing should

+stand in the way of his little game, like those out-and-out

+pirates who will leave no survivor from a captured ship. Well,

+every moment now is precious, so if you feel equal to it we shall

+go down to Scotland Yard at once as a preliminary to starting for

+Eyford."

+

+Some three hours or so afterwards we were all in the train

+together, bound from Reading to the little Berkshire village.

+There were Sherlock Holmes, the hydraulic engineer, Inspector

+Bradstreet, of Scotland Yard, a plain-clothes man, and myself.

+Bradstreet had spread an ordnance map of the county out upon the

+seat and was busy with his compasses drawing a circle with Eyford

+for its centre.

+

+"There you are," said he. "That circle is drawn at a radius of

+ten miles from the village. The place we want must be somewhere

+near that line. You said ten miles, I think, sir."

+

+"It was an hour's good drive."

+

+"And you think that they brought you back all that way when you

+were unconscious?"

+

+"They must have done so. I have a confused memory, too, of having

+been lifted and conveyed somewhere."

+

+"What I cannot understand," said I, "is why they should have

+spared you when they found you lying fainting in the garden.

+Perhaps the villain was softened by the woman's entreaties."

+

+"I hardly think that likely. I never saw a more inexorable face

+in my life."

+

+"Oh, we shall soon clear up all that," said Bradstreet. "Well, I

+have drawn my circle, and I only wish I knew at what point upon

+it the folk that we are in search of are to be found."

+

+"I think I could lay my finger on it," said Holmes quietly.

+

+"Really, now!" cried the inspector, "you have formed your

+opinion! Come, now, we shall see who agrees with you. I say it is

+south, for the country is more deserted there."

+

+"And I say east," said my patient.

+

+"I am for west," remarked the plain-clothes man. "There are

+several quiet little villages up there."

+

+"And I am for north," said I, "because there are no hills there,

+and our friend says that he did not notice the carriage go up

+any."

+

+"Come," cried the inspector, laughing; "it's a very pretty

+diversity of opinion. We have boxed the compass among us. Who do

+you give your casting vote to?"

+

+"You are all wrong."

+

+"But we can't all be."

+

+"Oh, yes, you can. This is my point." He placed his finger in the

+centre of the circle. "This is where we shall find them."

+

+"But the twelve-mile drive?" gasped Hatherley.

+

+"Six out and six back. Nothing simpler. You say yourself that the

+horse was fresh and glossy when you got in. How could it be that

+if it had gone twelve miles over heavy roads?"

+

+"Indeed, it is a likely ruse enough," observed Bradstreet

+thoughtfully. "Of course there can be no doubt as to the nature

+of this gang."

+

+"None at all," said Holmes. "They are coiners on a large scale,

+and have used the machine to form the amalgam which has taken the

+place of silver."

+

+"We have known for some time that a clever gang was at work,"

+said the inspector. "They have been turning out half-crowns by

+the thousand. We even traced them as far as Reading, but could

+get no farther, for they had covered their traces in a way that

+showed that they were very old hands. But now, thanks to this

+lucky chance, I think that we have got them right enough."

+

+But the inspector was mistaken, for those criminals were not

+destined to fall into the hands of justice. As we rolled into

+Eyford Station we saw a gigantic column of smoke which streamed

+up from behind a small clump of trees in the neighbourhood and

+hung like an immense ostrich feather over the landscape.

+

+"A house on fire?" asked Bradstreet as the train steamed off

+again on its way.

+

+"Yes, sir!" said the station-master.

+

+"When did it break out?"

+

+"I hear that it was during the night, sir, but it has got worse,

+and the whole place is in a blaze."

+

+"Whose house is it?"

+

+"Dr. Becher's."

+

+"Tell me," broke in the engineer, "is Dr. Becher a German, very

+thin, with a long, sharp nose?"

+

+The station-master laughed heartily. "No, sir, Dr. Becher is an

+Englishman, and there isn't a man in the parish who has a

+better-lined waistcoat. But he has a gentleman staying with him,

+a patient, as I understand, who is a foreigner, and he looks as

+if a little good Berkshire beef would do him no harm."

+

+The station-master had not finished his speech before we were all

+hastening in the direction of the fire. The road topped a low

+hill, and there was a great widespread whitewashed building in

+front of us, spouting fire at every chink and window, while in

+the garden in front three fire-engines were vainly striving to

+keep the flames under.

+

+"That's it!" cried Hatherley, in intense excitement. "There is

+the gravel-drive, and there are the rose-bushes where I lay. That

+second window is the one that I jumped from."

+

+"Well, at least," said Holmes, "you have had your revenge upon

+them. There can be no question that it was your oil-lamp which,

+when it was crushed in the press, set fire to the wooden walls,

+though no doubt they were too excited in the chase after you to

+observe it at the time. Now keep your eyes open in this crowd for

+your friends of last night, though I very much fear that they are

+a good hundred miles off by now."

+

+And Holmes' fears came to be realised, for from that day to this

+no word has ever been heard either of the beautiful woman, the

+sinister German, or the morose Englishman. Early that morning a

+peasant had met a cart containing several people and some very

+bulky boxes driving rapidly in the direction of Reading, but

+there all traces of the fugitives disappeared, and even Holmes'

+ingenuity failed ever to discover the least clue as to their

+whereabouts.

+

+The firemen had been much perturbed at the strange arrangements

+which they had found within, and still more so by discovering a

+newly severed human thumb upon a window-sill of the second floor.

+About sunset, however, their efforts were at last successful, and

+they subdued the flames, but not before the roof had fallen in,

+and the whole place been reduced to such absolute ruin that, save

+some twisted cylinders and iron piping, not a trace remained of

+the machinery which had cost our unfortunate acquaintance so

+dearly. Large masses of nickel and of tin were discovered stored

+in an out-house, but no coins were to be found, which may have

+explained the presence of those bulky boxes which have been

+already referred to.

+

+How our hydraulic engineer had been conveyed from the garden to

+the spot where he recovered his senses might have remained

+forever a mystery were it not for the soft mould, which told us a

+very plain tale. He had evidently been carried down by two

+persons, one of whom had remarkably small feet and the other

+unusually large ones. On the whole, it was most probable that the

+silent Englishman, being less bold or less murderous than his

+companion, had assisted the woman to bear the unconscious man out

+of the way of danger.

+

+"Well," said our engineer ruefully as we took our seats to return

+once more to London, "it has been a pretty business for me! I

+have lost my thumb and I have lost a fifty-guinea fee, and what

+have I gained?"

+

+"Experience," said Holmes, laughing. "Indirectly it may be of

+value, you know; you have only to put it into words to gain the

+reputation of being excellent company for the remainder of your

+existence."

+

+

+

+X. THE ADVENTURE OF THE NOBLE BACHELOR

+

+The Lord St. Simon marriage, and its curious termination, have

+long ceased to be a subject of interest in those exalted circles

+in which the unfortunate bridegroom moves. Fresh scandals have

+eclipsed it, and their more piquant details have drawn the

+gossips away from this four-year-old drama. As I have reason to

+believe, however, that the full facts have never been revealed to

+the general public, and as my friend Sherlock Holmes had a

+considerable share in clearing the matter up, I feel that no

+memoir of him would be complete without some little sketch of

+this remarkable episode.

+

+It was a few weeks before my own marriage, during the days when I

+was still sharing rooms with Holmes in Baker Street, that he came

+home from an afternoon stroll to find a letter on the table

+waiting for him. I had remained indoors all day, for the weather

+had taken a sudden turn to rain, with high autumnal winds, and

+the Jezail bullet which I had brought back in one of my limbs as

+a relic of my Afghan campaign throbbed with dull persistence.

+With my body in one easy-chair and my legs upon another, I had

+surrounded myself with a cloud of newspapers until at last,

+saturated with the news of the day, I tossed them all aside and

+lay listless, watching the huge crest and monogram upon the

+envelope upon the table and wondering lazily who my friend's

+noble correspondent could be.

+

+"Here is a very fashionable epistle," I remarked as he entered.

+"Your morning letters, if I remember right, were from a

+fish-monger and a tide-waiter."

+

+"Yes, my correspondence has certainly the charm of variety," he

+answered, smiling, "and the humbler are usually the more

+interesting. This looks like one of those unwelcome social

+summonses which call upon a man either to be bored or to lie."

+

+He broke the seal and glanced over the contents.

+

+"Oh, come, it may prove to be something of interest, after all."

+

+"Not social, then?"

+

+"No, distinctly professional."

+

+"And from a noble client?"

+

+"One of the highest in England."

+

+"My dear fellow, I congratulate you."

+

+"I assure you, Watson, without affectation, that the status of my

+client is a matter of less moment to me than the interest of his

+case. It is just possible, however, that that also may not be

+wanting in this new investigation. You have been reading the

+papers diligently of late, have you not?"

+

+"It looks like it," said I ruefully, pointing to a huge bundle in

+the corner. "I have had nothing else to do."

+

+"It is fortunate, for you will perhaps be able to post me up. I

+read nothing except the criminal news and the agony column. The

+latter is always instructive. But if you have followed recent

+events so closely you must have read about Lord St. Simon and his

+wedding?"

+

+"Oh, yes, with the deepest interest."

+

+"That is well. The letter which I hold in my hand is from Lord

+St. Simon. I will read it to you, and in return you must turn

+over these papers and let me have whatever bears upon the matter.

+This is what he says:

+

+"'MY DEAR MR. SHERLOCK HOLMES:--Lord Backwater tells me that I

+may place implicit reliance upon your judgment and discretion. I

+have determined, therefore, to call upon you and to consult you

+in reference to the very painful event which has occurred in

+connection with my wedding. Mr. Lestrade, of Scotland Yard, is

+acting already in the matter, but he assures me that he sees no

+objection to your co-operation, and that he even thinks that

+it might be of some assistance. I will call at four o'clock in

+the afternoon, and, should you have any other engagement at that

+time, I hope that you will postpone it, as this matter is of

+paramount importance. Yours faithfully, ST. SIMON.'

+

+"It is dated from Grosvenor Mansions, written with a quill pen,

+and the noble lord has had the misfortune to get a smear of ink

+upon the outer side of his right little finger," remarked Holmes

+as he folded up the epistle.

+

+"He says four o'clock. It is three now. He will be here in an

+hour."

+

+"Then I have just time, with your assistance, to get clear upon

+the subject. Turn over those papers and arrange the extracts in

+their order of time, while I take a glance as to who our client

+is." He picked a red-covered volume from a line of books of

+reference beside the mantelpiece. "Here he is," said he, sitting

+down and flattening it out upon his knee. "'Lord Robert Walsingham

+de Vere St. Simon, second son of the Duke of Balmoral.' Hum! 'Arms:

+Azure, three caltrops in chief over a fess sable. Born in 1846.'

+He's forty-one years of age, which is mature for marriage. Was

+Under-Secretary for the colonies in a late administration. The

+Duke, his father, was at one time Secretary for Foreign Affairs.

+They inherit Plantagenet blood by direct descent, and Tudor on

+the distaff side. Ha! Well, there is nothing very instructive in

+all this. I think that I must turn to you Watson, for something

+more solid."

+

+"I have very little difficulty in finding what I want," said I,

+"for the facts are quite recent, and the matter struck me as

+remarkable. I feared to refer them to you, however, as I knew

+that you had an inquiry on hand and that you disliked the

+intrusion of other matters."

+

+"Oh, you mean the little problem of the Grosvenor Square

+furniture van. That is quite cleared up now--though, indeed, it

+was obvious from the first. Pray give me the results of your

+newspaper selections."

+

+"Here is the first notice which I can find. It is in the personal

+column of the Morning Post, and dates, as you see, some weeks

+back: 'A marriage has been arranged,' it says, 'and will, if

+rumour is correct, very shortly take place, between Lord Robert

+St. Simon, second son of the Duke of Balmoral, and Miss Hatty

+Doran, the only daughter of Aloysius Doran. Esq., of San

+Francisco, Cal., U.S.A.' That is all."

+

+"Terse and to the point," remarked Holmes, stretching his long,

+thin legs towards the fire.

+

+"There was a paragraph amplifying this in one of the society

+papers of the same week. Ah, here it is: 'There will soon be a

+call for protection in the marriage market, for the present

+free-trade principle appears to tell heavily against our home

+product. One by one the management of the noble houses of Great

+Britain is passing into the hands of our fair cousins from across

+the Atlantic. An important addition has been made during the last

+week to the list of the prizes which have been borne away by

+these charming invaders. Lord St. Simon, who has shown himself

+for over twenty years proof against the little god's arrows, has

+now definitely announced his approaching marriage with Miss Hatty

+Doran, the fascinating daughter of a California millionaire. Miss

+Doran, whose graceful figure and striking face attracted much

+attention at the Westbury House festivities, is an only child,

+and it is currently reported that her dowry will run to

+considerably over the six figures, with expectancies for the

+future. As it is an open secret that the Duke of Balmoral has

+been compelled to sell his pictures within the last few years,

+and as Lord St. Simon has no property of his own save the small

+estate of Birchmoor, it is obvious that the Californian heiress

+is not the only gainer by an alliance which will enable her to

+make the easy and common transition from a Republican lady to a

+British peeress.'"

+

+"Anything else?" asked Holmes, yawning.

+

+"Oh, yes; plenty. Then there is another note in the Morning Post

+to say that the marriage would be an absolutely quiet one, that it

+would be at St. George's, Hanover Square, that only half a dozen

+intimate friends would be invited, and that the party would

+return to the furnished house at Lancaster Gate which has been

+taken by Mr. Aloysius Doran. Two days later--that is, on

+Wednesday last--there is a curt announcement that the wedding had

+taken place, and that the honeymoon would be passed at Lord

+Backwater's place, near Petersfield. Those are all the notices

+which appeared before the disappearance of the bride."

+

+"Before the what?" asked Holmes with a start.

+

+"The vanishing of the lady."

+

+"When did she vanish, then?"

+

+"At the wedding breakfast."

+

+"Indeed. This is more interesting than it promised to be; quite

+dramatic, in fact."

+

+"Yes; it struck me as being a little out of the common."

+

+"They often vanish before the ceremony, and occasionally during

+the honeymoon; but I cannot call to mind anything quite so prompt

+as this. Pray let me have the details."

+

+"I warn you that they are very incomplete."

+

+"Perhaps we may make them less so."

+

+"Such as they are, they are set forth in a single article of a

+morning paper of yesterday, which I will read to you. It is

+headed, 'Singular Occurrence at a Fashionable Wedding':

+

+"'The family of Lord Robert St. Simon has been thrown into the

+greatest consternation by the strange and painful episodes which

+have taken place in connection with his wedding. The ceremony, as

+shortly announced in the papers of yesterday, occurred on the

+previous morning; but it is only now that it has been possible to

+confirm the strange rumours which have been so persistently

+floating about. In spite of the attempts of the friends to hush

+the matter up, so much public attention has now been drawn to it

+that no good purpose can be served by affecting to disregard what

+is a common subject for conversation.

+

+"'The ceremony, which was performed at St. George's, Hanover

+Square, was a very quiet one, no one being present save the

+father of the bride, Mr. Aloysius Doran, the Duchess of Balmoral,

+Lord Backwater, Lord Eustace and Lady Clara St. Simon (the

+younger brother and sister of the bridegroom), and Lady Alicia

+Whittington. The whole party proceeded afterwards to the house of

+Mr. Aloysius Doran, at Lancaster Gate, where breakfast had been

+prepared. It appears that some little trouble was caused by a

+woman, whose name has not been ascertained, who endeavoured to

+force her way into the house after the bridal party, alleging

+that she had some claim upon Lord St. Simon. It was only after a

+painful and prolonged scene that she was ejected by the butler

+and the footman. The bride, who had fortunately entered the house

+before this unpleasant interruption, had sat down to breakfast

+with the rest, when she complained of a sudden indisposition and

+retired to her room. Her prolonged absence having caused some

+comment, her father followed her, but learned from her maid that

+she had only come up to her chamber for an instant, caught up an

+ulster and bonnet, and hurried down to the passage. One of the

+footmen declared that he had seen a lady leave the house thus

+apparelled, but had refused to credit that it was his mistress,

+believing her to be with the company. On ascertaining that his

+daughter had disappeared, Mr. Aloysius Doran, in conjunction with

+the bridegroom, instantly put themselves in communication with

+the police, and very energetic inquiries are being made, which

+will probably result in a speedy clearing up of this very

+singular business. Up to a late hour last night, however, nothing

+had transpired as to the whereabouts of the missing lady. There

+are rumours of foul play in the matter, and it is said that the

+police have caused the arrest of the woman who had caused the

+original disturbance, in the belief that, from jealousy or some

+other motive, she may have been concerned in the strange

+disappearance of the bride.'"

+

+"And is that all?"

+

+"Only one little item in another of the morning papers, but it is

+a suggestive one."

+

+"And it is--"

+

+"That Miss Flora Millar, the lady who had caused the disturbance,

+has actually been arrested. It appears that she was formerly a

+danseuse at the Allegro, and that she has known the bridegroom

+for some years. There are no further particulars, and the whole

+case is in your hands now--so far as it has been set forth in the

+public press."

+

+"And an exceedingly interesting case it appears to be. I would

+not have missed it for worlds. But there is a ring at the bell,

+Watson, and as the clock makes it a few minutes after four, I

+have no doubt that this will prove to be our noble client. Do not

+dream of going, Watson, for I very much prefer having a witness,

+if only as a check to my own memory."

+

+"Lord Robert St. Simon," announced our page-boy, throwing open

+the door. A gentleman entered, with a pleasant, cultured face,

+high-nosed and pale, with something perhaps of petulance about

+the mouth, and with the steady, well-opened eye of a man whose

+pleasant lot it had ever been to command and to be obeyed. His

+manner was brisk, and yet his general appearance gave an undue

+impression of age, for he had a slight forward stoop and a little

+bend of the knees as he walked. His hair, too, as he swept off

+his very curly-brimmed hat, was grizzled round the edges and thin

+upon the top. As to his dress, it was careful to the verge of

+foppishness, with high collar, black frock-coat, white waistcoat,

+yellow gloves, patent-leather shoes, and light-coloured gaiters.

+He advanced slowly into the room, turning his head from left to

+right, and swinging in his right hand the cord which held his

+golden eyeglasses.

+

+"Good-day, Lord St. Simon," said Holmes, rising and bowing. "Pray

+take the basket-chair. This is my friend and colleague, Dr.

+Watson. Draw up a little to the fire, and we will talk this

+matter over."

+

+"A most painful matter to me, as you can most readily imagine,

+Mr. Holmes. I have been cut to the quick. I understand that you

+have already managed several delicate cases of this sort, sir,

+though I presume that they were hardly from the same class of

+society."

+

+"No, I am descending."

+

+"I beg pardon."

+

+"My last client of the sort was a king."

+

+"Oh, really! I had no idea. And which king?"

+

+"The King of Scandinavia."

+

+"What! Had he lost his wife?"

+

+"You can understand," said Holmes suavely, "that I extend to the

+affairs of my other clients the same secrecy which I promise to

+you in yours."

+

+"Of course! Very right! very right! I'm sure I beg pardon. As to

+my own case, I am ready to give you any information which may

+assist you in forming an opinion."

+

+"Thank you. I have already learned all that is in the public

+prints, nothing more. I presume that I may take it as correct--this

+article, for example, as to the disappearance of the bride."

+

+Lord St. Simon glanced over it. "Yes, it is correct, as far as it

+goes."

+

+"But it needs a great deal of supplementing before anyone could

+offer an opinion. I think that I may arrive at my facts most

+directly by questioning you."

+

+"Pray do so."

+

+"When did you first meet Miss Hatty Doran?"

+

+"In San Francisco, a year ago."

+

+"You were travelling in the States?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+"Did you become engaged then?"

+

+"No."

+

+"But you were on a friendly footing?"

+

+"I was amused by her society, and she could see that I was

+amused."

+

+"Her father is very rich?"

+

+"He is said to be the richest man on the Pacific slope."

+

+"And how did he make his money?"

+

+"In mining. He had nothing a few years ago. Then he struck gold,

+invested it, and came up by leaps and bounds."

+

+"Now, what is your own impression as to the young lady's--your

+wife's character?"

+

+The nobleman swung his glasses a little faster and stared down

+into the fire. "You see, Mr. Holmes," said he, "my wife was

+twenty before her father became a rich man. During that time she

+ran free in a mining camp and wandered through woods or

+mountains, so that her education has come from Nature rather than

+from the schoolmaster. She is what we call in England a tomboy,

+with a strong nature, wild and free, unfettered by any sort of

+traditions. She is impetuous--volcanic, I was about to say. She

+is swift in making up her mind and fearless in carrying out her

+resolutions. On the other hand, I would not have given her the

+name which I have the honour to bear"--he gave a little stately

+cough--"had not I thought her to be at bottom a noble woman. I

+believe that she is capable of heroic self-sacrifice and that

+anything dishonourable would be repugnant to her."

+

+"Have you her photograph?"

+

+"I brought this with me." He opened a locket and showed us the

+full face of a very lovely woman. It was not a photograph but an

+ivory miniature, and the artist had brought out the full effect

+of the lustrous black hair, the large dark eyes, and the

+exquisite mouth. Holmes gazed long and earnestly at it. Then he

+closed the locket and handed it back to Lord St. Simon.

+

+"The young lady came to London, then, and you renewed your

+acquaintance?"

+

+"Yes, her father brought her over for this last London season. I

+met her several times, became engaged to her, and have now

+married her."

+

+"She brought, I understand, a considerable dowry?"

+

+"A fair dowry. Not more than is usual in my family."

+

+"And this, of course, remains to you, since the marriage is a

+fait accompli?"

+

+"I really have made no inquiries on the subject."

+

+"Very naturally not. Did you see Miss Doran on the day before the

+wedding?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+"Was she in good spirits?"

+

+"Never better. She kept talking of what we should do in our

+future lives."

+

+"Indeed! That is very interesting. And on the morning of the

+wedding?"

+

+"She was as bright as possible--at least until after the

+ceremony."

+

+"And did you observe any change in her then?"

+

+"Well, to tell the truth, I saw then the first signs that I had

+ever seen that her temper was just a little sharp. The incident

+however, was too trivial to relate and can have no possible

+bearing upon the case."

+

+"Pray let us have it, for all that."

+

+"Oh, it is childish. She dropped her bouquet as we went towards

+the vestry. She was passing the front pew at the time, and it

+fell over into the pew. There was a moment's delay, but the

+gentleman in the pew handed it up to her again, and it did not

+appear to be the worse for the fall. Yet when I spoke to her of

+the matter, she answered me abruptly; and in the carriage, on our

+way home, she seemed absurdly agitated over this trifling cause."

+

+"Indeed! You say that there was a gentleman in the pew. Some of

+the general public were present, then?"

+

+"Oh, yes. It is impossible to exclude them when the church is

+open."

+

+"This gentleman was not one of your wife's friends?"

+

+"No, no; I call him a gentleman by courtesy, but he was quite a

+common-looking person. I hardly noticed his appearance. But

+really I think that we are wandering rather far from the point."

+

+"Lady St. Simon, then, returned from the wedding in a less

+cheerful frame of mind than she had gone to it. What did she do

+on re-entering her father's house?"

+

+"I saw her in conversation with her maid."

+

+"And who is her maid?"

+

+"Alice is her name. She is an American and came from California

+with her."

+

+"A confidential servant?"

+

+"A little too much so. It seemed to me that her mistress allowed

+her to take great liberties. Still, of course, in America they

+look upon these things in a different way."

+

+"How long did she speak to this Alice?"

+

+"Oh, a few minutes. I had something else to think of."

+

+"You did not overhear what they said?"

+

+"Lady St. Simon said something about 'jumping a claim.' She was

+accustomed to use slang of the kind. I have no idea what she

+meant."

+

+"American slang is very expressive sometimes. And what did your

+wife do when she finished speaking to her maid?"

+

+"She walked into the breakfast-room."

+

+"On your arm?"

+

+"No, alone. She was very independent in little matters like that.

+Then, after we had sat down for ten minutes or so, she rose

+hurriedly, muttered some words of apology, and left the room. She

+never came back."

+

+"But this maid, Alice, as I understand, deposes that she went to

+her room, covered her bride's dress with a long ulster, put on a

+bonnet, and went out."

+

+"Quite so. And she was afterwards seen walking into Hyde Park in

+company with Flora Millar, a woman who is now in custody, and who

+had already made a disturbance at Mr. Doran's house that

+morning."

+

+"Ah, yes. I should like a few particulars as to this young lady,

+and your relations to her."

+

+Lord St. Simon shrugged his shoulders and raised his eyebrows.

+"We have been on a friendly footing for some years--I may say on

+a very friendly footing. She used to be at the Allegro. I have

+not treated her ungenerously, and she had no just cause of

+complaint against me, but you know what women are, Mr. Holmes.

+Flora was a dear little thing, but exceedingly hot-headed and

+devotedly attached to me. She wrote me dreadful letters when she

+heard that I was about to be married, and, to tell the truth, the

+reason why I had the marriage celebrated so quietly was that I

+feared lest there might be a scandal in the church. She came to

+Mr. Doran's door just after we returned, and she endeavoured to

+push her way in, uttering very abusive expressions towards my

+wife, and even threatening her, but I had foreseen the

+possibility of something of the sort, and I had two police

+fellows there in private clothes, who soon pushed her out again.

+She was quiet when she saw that there was no good in making a

+row."

+

+"Did your wife hear all this?"

+

+"No, thank goodness, she did not."

+

+"And she was seen walking with this very woman afterwards?"

+

+"Yes. That is what Mr. Lestrade, of Scotland Yard, looks upon as

+so serious. It is thought that Flora decoyed my wife out and laid

+some terrible trap for her."

+

+"Well, it is a possible supposition."

+

+"You think so, too?"

+

+"I did not say a probable one. But you do not yourself look upon

+this as likely?"

+

+"I do not think Flora would hurt a fly."

+

+"Still, jealousy is a strange transformer of characters. Pray

+what is your own theory as to what took place?"

+

+"Well, really, I came to seek a theory, not to propound one. I

+have given you all the facts. Since you ask me, however, I may

+say that it has occurred to me as possible that the excitement of

+this affair, the consciousness that she had made so immense a

+social stride, had the effect of causing some little nervous

+disturbance in my wife."

+

+"In short, that she had become suddenly deranged?"

+

+"Well, really, when I consider that she has turned her back--I

+will not say upon me, but upon so much that many have aspired to

+without success--I can hardly explain it in any other fashion."

+

+"Well, certainly that is also a conceivable hypothesis," said

+Holmes, smiling. "And now, Lord St. Simon, I think that I have

+nearly all my data. May I ask whether you were seated at the

+breakfast-table so that you could see out of the window?"

+

+"We could see the other side of the road and the Park."

+

+"Quite so. Then I do not think that I need to detain you longer.

+I shall communicate with you."

+

+"Should you be fortunate enough to solve this problem," said our

+client, rising.

+

+"I have solved it."

+

+"Eh? What was that?"

+

+"I say that I have solved it."

+

+"Where, then, is my wife?"

+

+"That is a detail which I shall speedily supply."

+

+Lord St. Simon shook his head. "I am afraid that it will take

+wiser heads than yours or mine," he remarked, and bowing in a

+stately, old-fashioned manner he departed.

+

+"It is very good of Lord St. Simon to honour my head by putting

+it on a level with his own," said Sherlock Holmes, laughing. "I

+think that I shall have a whisky and soda and a cigar after all

+this cross-questioning. I had formed my conclusions as to the

+case before our client came into the room."

+

+"My dear Holmes!"

+

+"I have notes of several similar cases, though none, as I

+remarked before, which were quite as prompt. My whole examination

+served to turn my conjecture into a certainty. Circumstantial

+evidence is occasionally very convincing, as when you find a

+trout in the milk, to quote Thoreau's example."

+

+"But I have heard all that you have heard."

+

+"Without, however, the knowledge of pre-existing cases which

+serves me so well. There was a parallel instance in Aberdeen some

+years back, and something on very much the same lines at Munich

+the year after the Franco-Prussian War. It is one of these

+cases--but, hullo, here is Lestrade! Good-afternoon, Lestrade!

+You will find an extra tumbler upon the sideboard, and there are

+cigars in the box."

+

+The official detective was attired in a pea-jacket and cravat,

+which gave him a decidedly nautical appearance, and he carried a

+black canvas bag in his hand. With a short greeting he seated

+himself and lit the cigar which had been offered to him.

+

+"What's up, then?" asked Holmes with a twinkle in his eye. "You

+look dissatisfied."

+

+"And I feel dissatisfied. It is this infernal St. Simon marriage

+case. I can make neither head nor tail of the business."

+

+"Really! You surprise me."

+

+"Who ever heard of such a mixed affair? Every clue seems to slip

+through my fingers. I have been at work upon it all day."

+

+"And very wet it seems to have made you," said Holmes laying his

+hand upon the arm of the pea-jacket.

+

+"Yes, I have been dragging the Serpentine."

+

+"In heaven's name, what for?"

+

+"In search of the body of Lady St. Simon."

+

+Sherlock Holmes leaned back in his chair and laughed heartily.

+

+"Have you dragged the basin of Trafalgar Square fountain?" he

+asked.

+

+"Why? What do you mean?"

+

+"Because you have just as good a chance of finding this lady in

+the one as in the other."

+

+Lestrade shot an angry glance at my companion. "I suppose you

+know all about it," he snarled.

+

+"Well, I have only just heard the facts, but my mind is made up."

+

+"Oh, indeed! Then you think that the Serpentine plays no part in

+the matter?"

+

+"I think it very unlikely."

+

+"Then perhaps you will kindly explain how it is that we found

+this in it?" He opened his bag as he spoke, and tumbled onto the

+floor a wedding-dress of watered silk, a pair of white satin

+shoes and a bride's wreath and veil, all discoloured and soaked

+in water. "There," said he, putting a new wedding-ring upon the

+top of the pile. "There is a little nut for you to crack, Master

+Holmes."

+

+"Oh, indeed!" said my friend, blowing blue rings into the air.

+"You dragged them from the Serpentine?"

+

+"No. They were found floating near the margin by a park-keeper.

+They have been identified as her clothes, and it seemed to me

+that if the clothes were there the body would not be far off."

+

+"By the same brilliant reasoning, every man's body is to be found

+in the neighbourhood of his wardrobe. And pray what did you hope

+to arrive at through this?"

+

+"At some evidence implicating Flora Millar in the disappearance."

+

+"I am afraid that you will find it difficult."

+

+"Are you, indeed, now?" cried Lestrade with some bitterness. "I

+am afraid, Holmes, that you are not very practical with your

+deductions and your inferences. You have made two blunders in as

+many minutes. This dress does implicate Miss Flora Millar."

+

+"And how?"

+

+"In the dress is a pocket. In the pocket is a card-case. In the

+card-case is a note. And here is the very note." He slapped it

+down upon the table in front of him. "Listen to this: 'You will

+see me when all is ready. Come at once. F.H.M.' Now my theory all

+along has been that Lady St. Simon was decoyed away by Flora

+Millar, and that she, with confederates, no doubt, was

+responsible for her disappearance. Here, signed with her

+initials, is the very note which was no doubt quietly slipped

+into her hand at the door and which lured her within their

+reach."

+

+"Very good, Lestrade," said Holmes, laughing. "You really are

+very fine indeed. Let me see it." He took up the paper in a

+listless way, but his attention instantly became riveted, and he

+gave a little cry of satisfaction. "This is indeed important,"

+said he.

+

+"Ha! you find it so?"

+

+"Extremely so. I congratulate you warmly."

+

+Lestrade rose in his triumph and bent his head to look. "Why," he

+shrieked, "you're looking at the wrong side!"

+

+"On the contrary, this is the right side."

+

+"The right side? You're mad! Here is the note written in pencil

+over here."

+

+"And over here is what appears to be the fragment of a hotel

+bill, which interests me deeply."

+

+"There's nothing in it. I looked at it before," said Lestrade.

+"'Oct. 4th, rooms 8s., breakfast 2s. 6d., cocktail 1s., lunch 2s.

+6d., glass sherry, 8d.' I see nothing in that."

+

+"Very likely not. It is most important, all the same. As to the

+note, it is important also, or at least the initials are, so I

+congratulate you again."

+

+"I've wasted time enough," said Lestrade, rising. "I believe in

+hard work and not in sitting by the fire spinning fine theories.

+Good-day, Mr. Holmes, and we shall see which gets to the bottom

+of the matter first." He gathered up the garments, thrust them

+into the bag, and made for the door.

+

+"Just one hint to you, Lestrade," drawled Holmes before his rival

+vanished; "I will tell you the true solution of the matter. Lady

+St. Simon is a myth. There is not, and there never has been, any

+such person."

+

+Lestrade looked sadly at my companion. Then he turned to me,

+tapped his forehead three times, shook his head solemnly, and

+hurried away.

+

+He had hardly shut the door behind him when Holmes rose to put on

+his overcoat. "There is something in what the fellow says about

+outdoor work," he remarked, "so I think, Watson, that I must

+leave you to your papers for a little."

+

+It was after five o'clock when Sherlock Holmes left me, but I had

+no time to be lonely, for within an hour there arrived a

+confectioner's man with a very large flat box. This he unpacked

+with the help of a youth whom he had brought with him, and

+presently, to my very great astonishment, a quite epicurean

+little cold supper began to be laid out upon our humble

+lodging-house mahogany. There were a couple of brace of cold

+woodcock, a pheasant, a pâté de foie gras pie with a group of

+ancient and cobwebby bottles. Having laid out all these luxuries,

+my two visitors vanished away, like the genii of the Arabian

+Nights, with no explanation save that the things had been paid

+for and were ordered to this address.

+

+Just before nine o'clock Sherlock Holmes stepped briskly into the

+room. His features were gravely set, but there was a light in his

+eye which made me think that he had not been disappointed in his

+conclusions.

+

+"They have laid the supper, then," he said, rubbing his hands.

+

+"You seem to expect company. They have laid for five."

+

+"Yes, I fancy we may have some company dropping in," said he. "I

+am surprised that Lord St. Simon has not already arrived. Ha! I

+fancy that I hear his step now upon the stairs."

+

+It was indeed our visitor of the afternoon who came bustling in,

+dangling his glasses more vigorously than ever, and with a very

+perturbed expression upon his aristocratic features.

+

+"My messenger reached you, then?" asked Holmes.

+

+"Yes, and I confess that the contents startled me beyond measure.

+Have you good authority for what you say?"

+

+"The best possible."

+

+Lord St. Simon sank into a chair and passed his hand over his

+forehead.

+

+"What will the Duke say," he murmured, "when he hears that one of

+the family has been subjected to such humiliation?"

+

+"It is the purest accident. I cannot allow that there is any

+humiliation."

+

+"Ah, you look on these things from another standpoint."

+

+"I fail to see that anyone is to blame. I can hardly see how the

+lady could have acted otherwise, though her abrupt method of

+doing it was undoubtedly to be regretted. Having no mother, she

+had no one to advise her at such a crisis."

+

+"It was a slight, sir, a public slight," said Lord St. Simon,

+tapping his fingers upon the table.

+

+"You must make allowance for this poor girl, placed in so

+unprecedented a position."

+

+"I will make no allowance. I am very angry indeed, and I have

+been shamefully used."

+

+"I think that I heard a ring," said Holmes. "Yes, there are steps

+on the landing. If I cannot persuade you to take a lenient view

+of the matter, Lord St. Simon, I have brought an advocate here

+who may be more successful." He opened the door and ushered in a

+lady and gentleman. "Lord St. Simon," said he "allow me to

+introduce you to Mr. and Mrs. Francis Hay Moulton. The lady, I

+think, you have already met."

+

+At the sight of these newcomers our client had sprung from his

+seat and stood very erect, with his eyes cast down and his hand

+thrust into the breast of his frock-coat, a picture of offended

+dignity. The lady had taken a quick step forward and had held out

+her hand to him, but he still refused to raise his eyes. It was

+as well for his resolution, perhaps, for her pleading face was

+one which it was hard to resist.

+

+"You're angry, Robert," said she. "Well, I guess you have every

+cause to be."

+

+"Pray make no apology to me," said Lord St. Simon bitterly.

+

+"Oh, yes, I know that I have treated you real bad and that I

+should have spoken to you before I went; but I was kind of

+rattled, and from the time when I saw Frank here again I just

+didn't know what I was doing or saying. I only wonder I didn't

+fall down and do a faint right there before the altar."

+

+"Perhaps, Mrs. Moulton, you would like my friend and me to leave

+the room while you explain this matter?"

+

+"If I may give an opinion," remarked the strange gentleman,

+"we've had just a little too much secrecy over this business

+already. For my part, I should like all Europe and America to

+hear the rights of it." He was a small, wiry, sunburnt man,

+clean-shaven, with a sharp face and alert manner.

+

+"Then I'll tell our story right away," said the lady. "Frank here

+and I met in '84, in McQuire's camp, near the Rockies, where pa

+was working a claim. We were engaged to each other, Frank and I;

+but then one day father struck a rich pocket and made a pile,

+while poor Frank here had a claim that petered out and came to

+nothing. The richer pa grew the poorer was Frank; so at last pa

+wouldn't hear of our engagement lasting any longer, and he took

+me away to 'Frisco. Frank wouldn't throw up his hand, though; so

+he followed me there, and he saw me without pa knowing anything

+about it. It would only have made him mad to know, so we just

+fixed it all up for ourselves. Frank said that he would go and

+make his pile, too, and never come back to claim me until he had

+as much as pa. So then I promised to wait for him to the end of

+time and pledged myself not to marry anyone else while he lived.

+'Why shouldn't we be married right away, then,' said he, 'and

+then I will feel sure of you; and I won't claim to be your

+husband until I come back?' Well, we talked it over, and he had

+fixed it all up so nicely, with a clergyman all ready in waiting,

+that we just did it right there; and then Frank went off to seek

+his fortune, and I went back to pa.

+

+"The next I heard of Frank was that he was in Montana, and then

+he went prospecting in Arizona, and then I heard of him from New

+Mexico. After that came a long newspaper story about how a

+miners' camp had been attacked by Apache Indians, and there was

+my Frank's name among the killed. I fainted dead away, and I was

+very sick for months after. Pa thought I had a decline and took

+me to half the doctors in 'Frisco. Not a word of news came for a

+year and more, so that I never doubted that Frank was really

+dead. Then Lord St. Simon came to 'Frisco, and we came to London,

+and a marriage was arranged, and pa was very pleased, but I felt

+all the time that no man on this earth would ever take the place

+in my heart that had been given to my poor Frank.

+

+"Still, if I had married Lord St. Simon, of course I'd have done

+my duty by him. We can't command our love, but we can our

+actions. I went to the altar with him with the intention to make

+him just as good a wife as it was in me to be. But you may

+imagine what I felt when, just as I came to the altar rails, I

+glanced back and saw Frank standing and looking at me out of the

+first pew. I thought it was his ghost at first; but when I looked

+again there he was still, with a kind of question in his eyes, as

+if to ask me whether I were glad or sorry to see him. I wonder I

+didn't drop. I know that everything was turning round, and the

+words of the clergyman were just like the buzz of a bee in my

+ear. I didn't know what to do. Should I stop the service and make

+a scene in the church? I glanced at him again, and he seemed to

+know what I was thinking, for he raised his finger to his lips to

+tell me to be still. Then I saw him scribble on a piece of paper,

+and I knew that he was writing me a note. As I passed his pew on

+the way out I dropped my bouquet over to him, and he slipped the

+note into my hand when he returned me the flowers. It was only a

+line asking me to join him when he made the sign to me to do so.

+Of course I never doubted for a moment that my first duty was now

+to him, and I determined to do just whatever he might direct.

+

+"When I got back I told my maid, who had known him in California,

+and had always been his friend. I ordered her to say nothing, but

+to get a few things packed and my ulster ready. I know I ought to

+have spoken to Lord St. Simon, but it was dreadful hard before

+his mother and all those great people. I just made up my mind to

+run away and explain afterwards. I hadn't been at the table ten

+minutes before I saw Frank out of the window at the other side of

+the road. He beckoned to me and then began walking into the Park.

+I slipped out, put on my things, and followed him. Some woman

+came talking something or other about Lord St. Simon to

+me--seemed to me from the little I heard as if he had a little

+secret of his own before marriage also--but I managed to get away

+from her and soon overtook Frank. We got into a cab together, and

+away we drove to some lodgings he had taken in Gordon Square, and

+that was my true wedding after all those years of waiting. Frank

+had been a prisoner among the Apaches, had escaped, came on to

+'Frisco, found that I had given him up for dead and had gone to

+England, followed me there, and had come upon me at last on the

+very morning of my second wedding."

+

+"I saw it in a paper," explained the American. "It gave the name

+and the church but not where the lady lived."

+

+"Then we had a talk as to what we should do, and Frank was all

+for openness, but I was so ashamed of it all that I felt as if I

+should like to vanish away and never see any of them again--just

+sending a line to pa, perhaps, to show him that I was alive. It

+was awful to me to think of all those lords and ladies sitting

+round that breakfast-table and waiting for me to come back. So

+Frank took my wedding-clothes and things and made a bundle of

+them, so that I should not be traced, and dropped them away

+somewhere where no one could find them. It is likely that we

+should have gone on to Paris to-morrow, only that this good

+gentleman, Mr. Holmes, came round to us this evening, though how

+he found us is more than I can think, and he showed us very

+clearly and kindly that I was wrong and that Frank was right, and

+that we should be putting ourselves in the wrong if we were so

+secret. Then he offered to give us a chance of talking to Lord

+St. Simon alone, and so we came right away round to his rooms at

+once. Now, Robert, you have heard it all, and I am very sorry if

+I have given you pain, and I hope that you do not think very

+meanly of me."

+

+Lord St. Simon had by no means relaxed his rigid attitude, but

+had listened with a frowning brow and a compressed lip to this

+long narrative.

+

+"Excuse me," he said, "but it is not my custom to discuss my most

+intimate personal affairs in this public manner."

+

+"Then you won't forgive me? You won't shake hands before I go?"

+

+"Oh, certainly, if it would give you any pleasure." He put out

+his hand and coldly grasped that which she extended to him.

+

+"I had hoped," suggested Holmes, "that you would have joined us

+in a friendly supper."

+

+"I think that there you ask a little too much," responded his

+Lordship. "I may be forced to acquiesce in these recent

+developments, but I can hardly be expected to make merry over

+them. I think that with your permission I will now wish you all a

+very good-night." He included us all in a sweeping bow and

+stalked out of the room.

+

+"Then I trust that you at least will honour me with your

+company," said Sherlock Holmes. "It is always a joy to meet an

+American, Mr. Moulton, for I am one of those who believe that the

+folly of a monarch and the blundering of a minister in far-gone

+years will not prevent our children from being some day citizens

+of the same world-wide country under a flag which shall be a

+quartering of the Union Jack with the Stars and Stripes."

+

+"The case has been an interesting one," remarked Holmes when our

+visitors had left us, "because it serves to show very clearly how

+simple the explanation may be of an affair which at first sight

+seems to be almost inexplicable. Nothing could be more natural

+than the sequence of events as narrated by this lady, and nothing

+stranger than the result when viewed, for instance, by Mr.

+Lestrade of Scotland Yard."

+

+"You were not yourself at fault at all, then?"

+

+"From the first, two facts were very obvious to me, the one that

+the lady had been quite willing to undergo the wedding ceremony,

+the other that she had repented of it within a few minutes of

+returning home. Obviously something had occurred during the

+morning, then, to cause her to change her mind. What could that

+something be? She could not have spoken to anyone when she was

+out, for she had been in the company of the bridegroom. Had she

+seen someone, then? If she had, it must be someone from America

+because she had spent so short a time in this country that she

+could hardly have allowed anyone to acquire so deep an influence

+over her that the mere sight of him would induce her to change

+her plans so completely. You see we have already arrived, by a

+process of exclusion, at the idea that she might have seen an

+American. Then who could this American be, and why should he

+possess so much influence over her? It might be a lover; it might

+be a husband. Her young womanhood had, I knew, been spent in

+rough scenes and under strange conditions. So far I had got

+before I ever heard Lord St. Simon's narrative. When he told us

+of a man in a pew, of the change in the bride's manner, of so

+transparent a device for obtaining a note as the dropping of a

+bouquet, of her resort to her confidential maid, and of her very

+significant allusion to claim-jumping--which in miners' parlance

+means taking possession of that which another person has a prior

+claim to--the whole situation became absolutely clear. She had

+gone off with a man, and the man was either a lover or was a

+previous husband--the chances being in favour of the latter."

+

+"And how in the world did you find them?"

+

+"It might have been difficult, but friend Lestrade held

+information in his hands the value of which he did not himself

+know. The initials were, of course, of the highest importance,

+but more valuable still was it to know that within a week he had

+settled his bill at one of the most select London hotels."

+

+"How did you deduce the select?"

+

+"By the select prices. Eight shillings for a bed and eightpence

+for a glass of sherry pointed to one of the most expensive

+hotels. There are not many in London which charge at that rate.

+In the second one which I visited in Northumberland Avenue, I

+learned by an inspection of the book that Francis H. Moulton, an

+American gentleman, had left only the day before, and on looking

+over the entries against him, I came upon the very items which I

+had seen in the duplicate bill. His letters were to be forwarded

+to 226 Gordon Square; so thither I travelled, and being fortunate

+enough to find the loving couple at home, I ventured to give them

+some paternal advice and to point out to them that it would be

+better in every way that they should make their position a little

+clearer both to the general public and to Lord St. Simon in

+particular. I invited them to meet him here, and, as you see, I

+made him keep the appointment."

+

+"But with no very good result," I remarked. "His conduct was

+certainly not very gracious."

+

+"Ah, Watson," said Holmes, smiling, "perhaps you would not be

+very gracious either, if, after all the trouble of wooing and

+wedding, you found yourself deprived in an instant of wife and of

+fortune. I think that we may judge Lord St. Simon very mercifully

+and thank our stars that we are never likely to find ourselves in

+the same position. Draw your chair up and hand me my violin, for

+the only problem we have still to solve is how to while away

+these bleak autumnal evenings."

+

+

+

+XI. THE ADVENTURE OF THE BERYL CORONET

+

+"Holmes," said I as I stood one morning in our bow-window looking

+down the street, "here is a madman coming along. It seems rather

+sad that his relatives should allow him to come out alone."

+

+My friend rose lazily from his armchair and stood with his hands

+in the pockets of his dressing-gown, looking over my shoulder. It

+was a bright, crisp February morning, and the snow of the day

+before still lay deep upon the ground, shimmering brightly in the

+wintry sun. Down the centre of Baker Street it had been ploughed

+into a brown crumbly band by the traffic, but at either side and

+on the heaped-up edges of the foot-paths it still lay as white as

+when it fell. The grey pavement had been cleaned and scraped, but

+was still dangerously slippery, so that there were fewer

+passengers than usual. Indeed, from the direction of the

+Metropolitan Station no one was coming save the single gentleman

+whose eccentric conduct had drawn my attention.

+

+He was a man of about fifty, tall, portly, and imposing, with a

+massive, strongly marked face and a commanding figure. He was

+dressed in a sombre yet rich style, in black frock-coat, shining

+hat, neat brown gaiters, and well-cut pearl-grey trousers. Yet

+his actions were in absurd contrast to the dignity of his dress

+and features, for he was running hard, with occasional little

+springs, such as a weary man gives who is little accustomed to

+set any tax upon his legs. As he ran he jerked his hands up and

+down, waggled his head, and writhed his face into the most

+extraordinary contortions.

+

+"What on earth can be the matter with him?" I asked. "He is

+looking up at the numbers of the houses."

+

+"I believe that he is coming here," said Holmes, rubbing his

+hands.

+

+"Here?"

+

+"Yes; I rather think he is coming to consult me professionally. I

+think that I recognise the symptoms. Ha! did I not tell you?" As

+he spoke, the man, puffing and blowing, rushed at our door and

+pulled at our bell until the whole house resounded with the

+clanging.

+

+A few moments later he was in our room, still puffing, still

+gesticulating, but with so fixed a look of grief and despair in

+his eyes that our smiles were turned in an instant to horror and

+pity. For a while he could not get his words out, but swayed his

+body and plucked at his hair like one who has been driven to the

+extreme limits of his reason. Then, suddenly springing to his

+feet, he beat his head against the wall with such force that we

+both rushed upon him and tore him away to the centre of the room.

+Sherlock Holmes pushed him down into the easy-chair and, sitting

+beside him, patted his hand and chatted with him in the easy,

+soothing tones which he knew so well how to employ.

+

+"You have come to me to tell your story, have you not?" said he.

+"You are fatigued with your haste. Pray wait until you have

+recovered yourself, and then I shall be most happy to look into

+any little problem which you may submit to me."

+

+The man sat for a minute or more with a heaving chest, fighting

+against his emotion. Then he passed his handkerchief over his

+brow, set his lips tight, and turned his face towards us.

+

+"No doubt you think me mad?" said he.

+

+"I see that you have had some great trouble," responded Holmes.

+

+"God knows I have!--a trouble which is enough to unseat my

+reason, so sudden and so terrible is it. Public disgrace I might

+have faced, although I am a man whose character has never yet

+borne a stain. Private affliction also is the lot of every man;

+but the two coming together, and in so frightful a form, have

+been enough to shake my very soul. Besides, it is not I alone.

+The very noblest in the land may suffer unless some way be found

+out of this horrible affair."

+

+"Pray compose yourself, sir," said Holmes, "and let me have a

+clear account of who you are and what it is that has befallen

+you."

+

+"My name," answered our visitor, "is probably familiar to your

+ears. I am Alexander Holder, of the banking firm of Holder &

+Stevenson, of Threadneedle Street."

+

+The name was indeed well known to us as belonging to the senior

+partner in the second largest private banking concern in the City

+of London. What could have happened, then, to bring one of the

+foremost citizens of London to this most pitiable pass? We

+waited, all curiosity, until with another effort he braced

+himself to tell his story.

+

+"I feel that time is of value," said he; "that is why I hastened

+here when the police inspector suggested that I should secure

+your co-operation. I came to Baker Street by the Underground and

+hurried from there on foot, for the cabs go slowly through this

+snow. That is why I was so out of breath, for I am a man who

+takes very little exercise. I feel better now, and I will put the

+facts before you as shortly and yet as clearly as I can.

+

+"It is, of course, well known to you that in a successful banking

+business as much depends upon our being able to find remunerative

+investments for our funds as upon our increasing our connection

+and the number of our depositors. One of our most lucrative means

+of laying out money is in the shape of loans, where the security

+is unimpeachable. We have done a good deal in this direction

+during the last few years, and there are many noble families to

+whom we have advanced large sums upon the security of their

+pictures, libraries, or plate.

+

+"Yesterday morning I was seated in my office at the bank when a

+card was brought in to me by one of the clerks. I started when I

+saw the name, for it was that of none other than--well, perhaps

+even to you I had better say no more than that it was a name

+which is a household word all over the earth--one of the highest,

+noblest, most exalted names in England. I was overwhelmed by the

+honour and attempted, when he entered, to say so, but he plunged

+at once into business with the air of a man who wishes to hurry

+quickly through a disagreeable task.

+

+"'Mr. Holder,' said he, 'I have been informed that you are in the

+habit of advancing money.'

+

+"'The firm does so when the security is good.' I answered.

+

+"'It is absolutely essential to me,' said he, 'that I should have

+50,000 pounds at once. I could, of course, borrow so trifling a

+sum ten times over from my friends, but I much prefer to make it

+a matter of business and to carry out that business myself. In my

+position you can readily understand that it is unwise to place

+one's self under obligations.'

+

+"'For how long, may I ask, do you want this sum?' I asked.

+

+"'Next Monday I have a large sum due to me, and I shall then most

+certainly repay what you advance, with whatever interest you

+think it right to charge. But it is very essential to me that the

+money should be paid at once.'

+

+"'I should be happy to advance it without further parley from my

+own private purse,' said I, 'were it not that the strain would be

+rather more than it could bear. If, on the other hand, I am to do

+it in the name of the firm, then in justice to my partner I must

+insist that, even in your case, every businesslike precaution

+should be taken.'

+

+"'I should much prefer to have it so,' said he, raising up a

+square, black morocco case which he had laid beside his chair.

+'You have doubtless heard of the Beryl Coronet?'

+

+"'One of the most precious public possessions of the empire,'

+said I.

+

+"'Precisely.' He opened the case, and there, imbedded in soft,

+flesh-coloured velvet, lay the magnificent piece of jewellery

+which he had named. 'There are thirty-nine enormous beryls,' said

+he, 'and the price of the gold chasing is incalculable. The

+lowest estimate would put the worth of the coronet at double the

+sum which I have asked. I am prepared to leave it with you as my

+security.'

+

+"I took the precious case into my hands and looked in some

+perplexity from it to my illustrious client.

+

+"'You doubt its value?' he asked.

+

+"'Not at all. I only doubt--'

+

+"'The propriety of my leaving it. You may set your mind at rest

+about that. I should not dream of doing so were it not absolutely

+certain that I should be able in four days to reclaim it. It is a

+pure matter of form. Is the security sufficient?'

+

+"'Ample.'

+

+"'You understand, Mr. Holder, that I am giving you a strong proof

+of the confidence which I have in you, founded upon all that I

+have heard of you. I rely upon you not only to be discreet and to

+refrain from all gossip upon the matter but, above all, to

+preserve this coronet with every possible precaution because I

+need not say that a great public scandal would be caused if any

+harm were to befall it. Any injury to it would be almost as

+serious as its complete loss, for there are no beryls in the

+world to match these, and it would be impossible to replace them.

+I leave it with you, however, with every confidence, and I shall

+call for it in person on Monday morning.'

+

+"Seeing that my client was anxious to leave, I said no more but,

+calling for my cashier, I ordered him to pay over fifty 1000

+pound notes. When I was alone once more, however, with the

+precious case lying upon the table in front of me, I could not

+but think with some misgivings of the immense responsibility

+which it entailed upon me. There could be no doubt that, as it

+was a national possession, a horrible scandal would ensue if any

+misfortune should occur to it. I already regretted having ever

+consented to take charge of it. However, it was too late to alter

+the matter now, so I locked it up in my private safe and turned

+once more to my work.

+

+"When evening came I felt that it would be an imprudence to leave

+so precious a thing in the office behind me. Bankers' safes had

+been forced before now, and why should not mine be? If so, how

+terrible would be the position in which I should find myself! I

+determined, therefore, that for the next few days I would always

+carry the case backward and forward with me, so that it might

+never be really out of my reach. With this intention, I called a

+cab and drove out to my house at Streatham, carrying the jewel

+with me. I did not breathe freely until I had taken it upstairs

+and locked it in the bureau of my dressing-room.

+

+"And now a word as to my household, Mr. Holmes, for I wish you to

+thoroughly understand the situation. My groom and my page sleep

+out of the house, and may be set aside altogether. I have three

+maid-servants who have been with me a number of years and whose

+absolute reliability is quite above suspicion. Another, Lucy

+Parr, the second waiting-maid, has only been in my service a few

+months. She came with an excellent character, however, and has

+always given me satisfaction. She is a very pretty girl and has

+attracted admirers who have occasionally hung about the place.

+That is the only drawback which we have found to her, but we

+believe her to be a thoroughly good girl in every way.

+

+"So much for the servants. My family itself is so small that it

+will not take me long to describe it. I am a widower and have an

+only son, Arthur. He has been a disappointment to me, Mr.

+Holmes--a grievous disappointment. I have no doubt that I am

+myself to blame. People tell me that I have spoiled him. Very

+likely I have. When my dear wife died I felt that he was all I

+had to love. I could not bear to see the smile fade even for a

+moment from his face. I have never denied him a wish. Perhaps it

+would have been better for both of us had I been sterner, but I

+meant it for the best.

+

+"It was naturally my intention that he should succeed me in my

+business, but he was not of a business turn. He was wild,

+wayward, and, to speak the truth, I could not trust him in the

+handling of large sums of money. When he was young he became a

+member of an aristocratic club, and there, having charming

+manners, he was soon the intimate of a number of men with long

+purses and expensive habits. He learned to play heavily at cards

+and to squander money on the turf, until he had again and again

+to come to me and implore me to give him an advance upon his

+allowance, that he might settle his debts of honour. He tried

+more than once to break away from the dangerous company which he

+was keeping, but each time the influence of his friend, Sir

+George Burnwell, was enough to draw him back again.

+

+"And, indeed, I could not wonder that such a man as Sir George

+Burnwell should gain an influence over him, for he has frequently

+brought him to my house, and I have found myself that I could

+hardly resist the fascination of his manner. He is older than

+Arthur, a man of the world to his finger-tips, one who had been

+everywhere, seen everything, a brilliant talker, and a man of

+great personal beauty. Yet when I think of him in cold blood, far

+away from the glamour of his presence, I am convinced from his

+cynical speech and the look which I have caught in his eyes that

+he is one who should be deeply distrusted. So I think, and so,

+too, thinks my little Mary, who has a woman's quick insight into

+character.

+

+"And now there is only she to be described. She is my niece; but

+when my brother died five years ago and left her alone in the

+world I adopted her, and have looked upon her ever since as my

+daughter. She is a sunbeam in my house--sweet, loving, beautiful,

+a wonderful manager and housekeeper, yet as tender and quiet and

+gentle as a woman could be. She is my right hand. I do not know

+what I could do without her. In only one matter has she ever gone

+against my wishes. Twice my boy has asked her to marry him, for

+he loves her devotedly, but each time she has refused him. I

+think that if anyone could have drawn him into the right path it

+would have been she, and that his marriage might have changed his

+whole life; but now, alas! it is too late--forever too late!

+

+"Now, Mr. Holmes, you know the people who live under my roof, and

+I shall continue with my miserable story.

+

+"When we were taking coffee in the drawing-room that night after

+dinner, I told Arthur and Mary my experience, and of the precious

+treasure which we had under our roof, suppressing only the name

+of my client. Lucy Parr, who had brought in the coffee, had, I am

+sure, left the room; but I cannot swear that the door was closed.

+Mary and Arthur were much interested and wished to see the famous

+coronet, but I thought it better not to disturb it.

+

+"'Where have you put it?' asked Arthur.

+

+"'In my own bureau.'

+

+"'Well, I hope to goodness the house won't be burgled during the

+night.' said he.

+

+"'It is locked up,' I answered.

+

+"'Oh, any old key will fit that bureau. When I was a youngster I

+have opened it myself with the key of the box-room cupboard.'

+

+"He often had a wild way of talking, so that I thought little of

+what he said. He followed me to my room, however, that night with

+a very grave face.

+

+"'Look here, dad,' said he with his eyes cast down, 'can you let

+me have 200 pounds?'

+

+"'No, I cannot!' I answered sharply. 'I have been far too

+generous with you in money matters.'

+

+"'You have been very kind,' said he, 'but I must have this money,

+or else I can never show my face inside the club again.'

+

+"'And a very good thing, too!' I cried.

+

+"'Yes, but you would not have me leave it a dishonoured man,'

+said he. 'I could not bear the disgrace. I must raise the money

+in some way, and if you will not let me have it, then I must try

+other means.'

+

+"I was very angry, for this was the third demand during the

+month. 'You shall not have a farthing from me,' I cried, on which

+he bowed and left the room without another word.

+

+"When he was gone I unlocked my bureau, made sure that my

+treasure was safe, and locked it again. Then I started to go

+round the house to see that all was secure--a duty which I

+usually leave to Mary but which I thought it well to perform

+myself that night. As I came down the stairs I saw Mary herself

+at the side window of the hall, which she closed and fastened as

+I approached.

+

+"'Tell me, dad,' said she, looking, I thought, a little

+disturbed, 'did you give Lucy, the maid, leave to go out

+to-night?'

+

+"'Certainly not.'

+

+"'She came in just now by the back door. I have no doubt that she

+has only been to the side gate to see someone, but I think that

+it is hardly safe and should be stopped.'

+

+"'You must speak to her in the morning, or I will if you prefer

+it. Are you sure that everything is fastened?'

+

+"'Quite sure, dad.'

+

+"'Then, good-night.' I kissed her and went up to my bedroom

+again, where I was soon asleep.

+

+"I am endeavouring to tell you everything, Mr. Holmes, which may

+have any bearing upon the case, but I beg that you will question

+me upon any point which I do not make clear."

+

+"On the contrary, your statement is singularly lucid."

+

+"I come to a part of my story now in which I should wish to be

+particularly so. I am not a very heavy sleeper, and the anxiety

+in my mind tended, no doubt, to make me even less so than usual.

+About two in the morning, then, I was awakened by some sound in

+the house. It had ceased ere I was wide awake, but it had left an

+impression behind it as though a window had gently closed

+somewhere. I lay listening with all my ears. Suddenly, to my

+horror, there was a distinct sound of footsteps moving softly in

+the next room. I slipped out of bed, all palpitating with fear,

+and peeped round the corner of my dressing-room door.

+

+"'Arthur!' I screamed, 'you villain! you thief! How dare you

+touch that coronet?'

+

+"The gas was half up, as I had left it, and my unhappy boy,

+dressed only in his shirt and trousers, was standing beside the

+light, holding the coronet in his hands. He appeared to be

+wrenching at it, or bending it with all his strength. At my cry

+he dropped it from his grasp and turned as pale as death. I

+snatched it up and examined it. One of the gold corners, with

+three of the beryls in it, was missing.

+

+"'You blackguard!' I shouted, beside myself with rage. 'You have

+destroyed it! You have dishonoured me forever! Where are the

+jewels which you have stolen?'

+

+"'Stolen!' he cried.

+

+"'Yes, thief!' I roared, shaking him by the shoulder.

+

+"'There are none missing. There cannot be any missing,' said he.

+

+"'There are three missing. And you know where they are. Must I

+call you a liar as well as a thief? Did I not see you trying to

+tear off another piece?'

+

+"'You have called me names enough,' said he, 'I will not stand it

+any longer. I shall not say another word about this business,

+since you have chosen to insult me. I will leave your house in

+the morning and make my own way in the world.'

+

+"'You shall leave it in the hands of the police!' I cried

+half-mad with grief and rage. 'I shall have this matter probed to

+the bottom.'

+

+"'You shall learn nothing from me,' said he with a passion such

+as I should not have thought was in his nature. 'If you choose to

+call the police, let the police find what they can.'

+

+"By this time the whole house was astir, for I had raised my

+voice in my anger. Mary was the first to rush into my room, and,

+at the sight of the coronet and of Arthur's face, she read the

+whole story and, with a scream, fell down senseless on the

+ground. I sent the house-maid for the police and put the

+investigation into their hands at once. When the inspector and a

+constable entered the house, Arthur, who had stood sullenly with

+his arms folded, asked me whether it was my intention to charge

+him with theft. I answered that it had ceased to be a private

+matter, but had become a public one, since the ruined coronet was

+national property. I was determined that the law should have its

+way in everything.

+

+"'At least,' said he, 'you will not have me arrested at once. It

+would be to your advantage as well as mine if I might leave the

+house for five minutes.'

+

+"'That you may get away, or perhaps that you may conceal what you

+have stolen,' said I. And then, realising the dreadful position

+in which I was placed, I implored him to remember that not only

+my honour but that of one who was far greater than I was at

+stake; and that he threatened to raise a scandal which would

+convulse the nation. He might avert it all if he would but tell

+me what he had done with the three missing stones.

+

+"'You may as well face the matter,' said I; 'you have been caught

+in the act, and no confession could make your guilt more heinous.

+If you but make such reparation as is in your power, by telling

+us where the beryls are, all shall be forgiven and forgotten.'

+

+"'Keep your forgiveness for those who ask for it,' he answered,

+turning away from me with a sneer. I saw that he was too hardened

+for any words of mine to influence him. There was but one way for

+it. I called in the inspector and gave him into custody. A search

+was made at once not only of his person but of his room and of

+every portion of the house where he could possibly have concealed

+the gems; but no trace of them could be found, nor would the

+wretched boy open his mouth for all our persuasions and our

+threats. This morning he was removed to a cell, and I, after

+going through all the police formalities, have hurried round to

+you to implore you to use your skill in unravelling the matter.

+The police have openly confessed that they can at present make

+nothing of it. You may go to any expense which you think

+necessary. I have already offered a reward of 1000 pounds. My

+God, what shall I do! I have lost my honour, my gems, and my son

+in one night. Oh, what shall I do!"

+

+He put a hand on either side of his head and rocked himself to

+and fro, droning to himself like a child whose grief has got

+beyond words.

+

+Sherlock Holmes sat silent for some few minutes, with his brows

+knitted and his eyes fixed upon the fire.

+

+"Do you receive much company?" he asked.

+

+"None save my partner with his family and an occasional friend of

+Arthur's. Sir George Burnwell has been several times lately. No

+one else, I think."

+

+"Do you go out much in society?"

+

+"Arthur does. Mary and I stay at home. We neither of us care for

+it."

+

+"That is unusual in a young girl."

+

+"She is of a quiet nature. Besides, she is not so very young. She

+is four-and-twenty."

+

+"This matter, from what you say, seems to have been a shock to

+her also."

+

+"Terrible! She is even more affected than I."

+

+"You have neither of you any doubt as to your son's guilt?"

+

+"How can we have when I saw him with my own eyes with the coronet

+in his hands."

+

+"I hardly consider that a conclusive proof. Was the remainder of

+the coronet at all injured?"

+

+"Yes, it was twisted."

+

+"Do you not think, then, that he might have been trying to

+straighten it?"

+

+"God bless you! You are doing what you can for him and for me.

+But it is too heavy a task. What was he doing there at all? If

+his purpose were innocent, why did he not say so?"

+

+"Precisely. And if it were guilty, why did he not invent a lie?

+His silence appears to me to cut both ways. There are several

+singular points about the case. What did the police think of the

+noise which awoke you from your sleep?"

+

+"They considered that it might be caused by Arthur's closing his

+bedroom door."

+

+"A likely story! As if a man bent on felony would slam his door

+so as to wake a household. What did they say, then, of the

+disappearance of these gems?"

+

+"They are still sounding the planking and probing the furniture

+in the hope of finding them."

+

+"Have they thought of looking outside the house?"

+

+"Yes, they have shown extraordinary energy. The whole garden has

+already been minutely examined."

+

+"Now, my dear sir," said Holmes, "is it not obvious to you now

+that this matter really strikes very much deeper than either you

+or the police were at first inclined to think? It appeared to you

+to be a simple case; to me it seems exceedingly complex. Consider

+what is involved by your theory. You suppose that your son came

+down from his bed, went, at great risk, to your dressing-room,

+opened your bureau, took out your coronet, broke off by main

+force a small portion of it, went off to some other place,

+concealed three gems out of the thirty-nine, with such skill that

+nobody can find them, and then returned with the other thirty-six

+into the room in which he exposed himself to the greatest danger

+of being discovered. I ask you now, is such a theory tenable?"

+

+"But what other is there?" cried the banker with a gesture of

+despair. "If his motives were innocent, why does he not explain

+them?"

+

+"It is our task to find that out," replied Holmes; "so now, if

+you please, Mr. Holder, we will set off for Streatham together,

+and devote an hour to glancing a little more closely into

+details."

+

+My friend insisted upon my accompanying them in their expedition,

+which I was eager enough to do, for my curiosity and sympathy

+were deeply stirred by the story to which we had listened. I

+confess that the guilt of the banker's son appeared to me to be

+as obvious as it did to his unhappy father, but still I had such

+faith in Holmes' judgment that I felt that there must be some

+grounds for hope as long as he was dissatisfied with the accepted

+explanation. He hardly spoke a word the whole way out to the

+southern suburb, but sat with his chin upon his breast and his

+hat drawn over his eyes, sunk in the deepest thought. Our client

+appeared to have taken fresh heart at the little glimpse of hope

+which had been presented to him, and he even broke into a

+desultory chat with me over his business affairs. A short railway

+journey and a shorter walk brought us to Fairbank, the modest

+residence of the great financier.

+

+Fairbank was a good-sized square house of white stone, standing

+back a little from the road. A double carriage-sweep, with a

+snow-clad lawn, stretched down in front to two large iron gates

+which closed the entrance. On the right side was a small wooden

+thicket, which led into a narrow path between two neat hedges

+stretching from the road to the kitchen door, and forming the

+tradesmen's entrance. On the left ran a lane which led to the

+stables, and was not itself within the grounds at all, being a

+public, though little used, thoroughfare. Holmes left us standing

+at the door and walked slowly all round the house, across the

+front, down the tradesmen's path, and so round by the garden

+behind into the stable lane. So long was he that Mr. Holder and I

+went into the dining-room and waited by the fire until he should

+return. We were sitting there in silence when the door opened and

+a young lady came in. She was rather above the middle height,

+slim, with dark hair and eyes, which seemed the darker against

+the absolute pallor of her skin. I do not think that I have ever

+seen such deadly paleness in a woman's face. Her lips, too, were

+bloodless, but her eyes were flushed with crying. As she swept

+silently into the room she impressed me with a greater sense of

+grief than the banker had done in the morning, and it was the

+more striking in her as she was evidently a woman of strong

+character, with immense capacity for self-restraint. Disregarding

+my presence, she went straight to her uncle and passed her hand

+over his head with a sweet womanly caress.

+

+"You have given orders that Arthur should be liberated, have you

+not, dad?" she asked.

+

+"No, no, my girl, the matter must be probed to the bottom."

+

+"But I am so sure that he is innocent. You know what woman's

+instincts are. I know that he has done no harm and that you will

+be sorry for having acted so harshly."

+

+"Why is he silent, then, if he is innocent?"

+

+"Who knows? Perhaps because he was so angry that you should

+suspect him."

+

+"How could I help suspecting him, when I actually saw him with

+the coronet in his hand?"

+

+"Oh, but he had only picked it up to look at it. Oh, do, do take

+my word for it that he is innocent. Let the matter drop and say

+no more. It is so dreadful to think of our dear Arthur in

+prison!"

+

+"I shall never let it drop until the gems are found--never, Mary!

+Your affection for Arthur blinds you as to the awful consequences

+to me. Far from hushing the thing up, I have brought a gentleman

+down from London to inquire more deeply into it."

+

+"This gentleman?" she asked, facing round to me.

+

+"No, his friend. He wished us to leave him alone. He is round in

+the stable lane now."

+

+"The stable lane?" She raised her dark eyebrows. "What can he

+hope to find there? Ah! this, I suppose, is he. I trust, sir,

+that you will succeed in proving, what I feel sure is the truth,

+that my cousin Arthur is innocent of this crime."

+

+"I fully share your opinion, and I trust, with you, that we may

+prove it," returned Holmes, going back to the mat to knock the

+snow from his shoes. "I believe I have the honour of addressing

+Miss Mary Holder. Might I ask you a question or two?"

+

+"Pray do, sir, if it may help to clear this horrible affair up."

+

+"You heard nothing yourself last night?"

+

+"Nothing, until my uncle here began to speak loudly. I heard

+that, and I came down."

+

+"You shut up the windows and doors the night before. Did you

+fasten all the windows?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+"Were they all fastened this morning?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+"You have a maid who has a sweetheart? I think that you remarked

+to your uncle last night that she had been out to see him?"

+

+"Yes, and she was the girl who waited in the drawing-room, and

+who may have heard uncle's remarks about the coronet."

+

+"I see. You infer that she may have gone out to tell her

+sweetheart, and that the two may have planned the robbery."

+

+"But what is the good of all these vague theories," cried the

+banker impatiently, "when I have told you that I saw Arthur with

+the coronet in his hands?"

+

+"Wait a little, Mr. Holder. We must come back to that. About this

+girl, Miss Holder. You saw her return by the kitchen door, I

+presume?"

+

+"Yes; when I went to see if the door was fastened for the night I

+met her slipping in. I saw the man, too, in the gloom."

+

+"Do you know him?"

+

+"Oh, yes! he is the green-grocer who brings our vegetables round.

+His name is Francis Prosper."

+

+"He stood," said Holmes, "to the left of the door--that is to

+say, farther up the path than is necessary to reach the door?"

+

+"Yes, he did."

+

+"And he is a man with a wooden leg?"

+

+Something like fear sprang up in the young lady's expressive

+black eyes. "Why, you are like a magician," said she. "How do you

+know that?" She smiled, but there was no answering smile in

+Holmes' thin, eager face.

+

+"I should be very glad now to go upstairs," said he. "I shall

+probably wish to go over the outside of the house again. Perhaps

+I had better take a look at the lower windows before I go up."

+

+He walked swiftly round from one to the other, pausing only at

+the large one which looked from the hall onto the stable lane.

+This he opened and made a very careful examination of the sill

+with his powerful magnifying lens. "Now we shall go upstairs,"

+said he at last.

+

+The banker's dressing-room was a plainly furnished little

+chamber, with a grey carpet, a large bureau, and a long mirror.

+Holmes went to the bureau first and looked hard at the lock.

+

+"Which key was used to open it?" he asked.

+

+"That which my son himself indicated--that of the cupboard of the

+lumber-room."

+

+"Have you it here?"

+

+"That is it on the dressing-table."

+

+Sherlock Holmes took it up and opened the bureau.

+

+"It is a noiseless lock," said he. "It is no wonder that it did

+not wake you. This case, I presume, contains the coronet. We must

+have a look at it." He opened the case, and taking out the diadem

+he laid it upon the table. It was a magnificent specimen of the

+jeweller's art, and the thirty-six stones were the finest that I

+have ever seen. At one side of the coronet was a cracked edge,

+where a corner holding three gems had been torn away.

+

+"Now, Mr. Holder," said Holmes, "here is the corner which

+corresponds to that which has been so unfortunately lost. Might I

+beg that you will break it off."

+

+The banker recoiled in horror. "I should not dream of trying,"

+said he.

+

+"Then I will." Holmes suddenly bent his strength upon it, but

+without result. "I feel it give a little," said he; "but, though

+I am exceptionally strong in the fingers, it would take me all my

+time to break it. An ordinary man could not do it. Now, what do

+you think would happen if I did break it, Mr. Holder? There would

+be a noise like a pistol shot. Do you tell me that all this

+happened within a few yards of your bed and that you heard

+nothing of it?"

+

+"I do not know what to think. It is all dark to me."

+

+"But perhaps it may grow lighter as we go. What do you think,

+Miss Holder?"

+

+"I confess that I still share my uncle's perplexity."

+

+"Your son had no shoes or slippers on when you saw him?"

+

+"He had nothing on save only his trousers and shirt."

+

+"Thank you. We have certainly been favoured with extraordinary

+luck during this inquiry, and it will be entirely our own fault

+if we do not succeed in clearing the matter up. With your

+permission, Mr. Holder, I shall now continue my investigations

+outside."

+

+He went alone, at his own request, for he explained that any

+unnecessary footmarks might make his task more difficult. For an

+hour or more he was at work, returning at last with his feet

+heavy with snow and his features as inscrutable as ever.

+

+"I think that I have seen now all that there is to see, Mr.

+Holder," said he; "I can serve you best by returning to my

+rooms."

+

+"But the gems, Mr. Holmes. Where are they?"

+

+"I cannot tell."

+

+The banker wrung his hands. "I shall never see them again!" he

+cried. "And my son? You give me hopes?"

+

+"My opinion is in no way altered."

+

+"Then, for God's sake, what was this dark business which was

+acted in my house last night?"

+

+"If you can call upon me at my Baker Street rooms to-morrow

+morning between nine and ten I shall be happy to do what I can to

+make it clearer. I understand that you give me carte blanche to

+act for you, provided only that I get back the gems, and that you

+place no limit on the sum I may draw."

+

+"I would give my fortune to have them back."

+

+"Very good. I shall look into the matter between this and then.

+Good-bye; it is just possible that I may have to come over here

+again before evening."

+

+It was obvious to me that my companion's mind was now made up

+about the case, although what his conclusions were was more than

+I could even dimly imagine. Several times during our homeward

+journey I endeavoured to sound him upon the point, but he always

+glided away to some other topic, until at last I gave it over in

+despair. It was not yet three when we found ourselves in our

+rooms once more. He hurried to his chamber and was down again in

+a few minutes dressed as a common loafer. With his collar turned

+up, his shiny, seedy coat, his red cravat, and his worn boots, he

+was a perfect sample of the class.

+

+"I think that this should do," said he, glancing into the glass

+above the fireplace. "I only wish that you could come with me,

+Watson, but I fear that it won't do. I may be on the trail in

+this matter, or I may be following a will-o'-the-wisp, but I

+shall soon know which it is. I hope that I may be back in a few

+hours." He cut a slice of beef from the joint upon the sideboard,

+sandwiched it between two rounds of bread, and thrusting this

+rude meal into his pocket he started off upon his expedition.

+

+I had just finished my tea when he returned, evidently in

+excellent spirits, swinging an old elastic-sided boot in his

+hand. He chucked it down into a corner and helped himself to a

+cup of tea.

+

+"I only looked in as I passed," said he. "I am going right on."

+

+"Where to?"

+

+"Oh, to the other side of the West End. It may be some time

+before I get back. Don't wait up for me in case I should be

+late."

+

+"How are you getting on?"

+

+"Oh, so so. Nothing to complain of. I have been out to Streatham

+since I saw you last, but I did not call at the house. It is a

+very sweet little problem, and I would not have missed it for a

+good deal. However, I must not sit gossiping here, but must get

+these disreputable clothes off and return to my highly

+respectable self."

+

+I could see by his manner that he had stronger reasons for

+satisfaction than his words alone would imply. His eyes twinkled,

+and there was even a touch of colour upon his sallow cheeks. He

+hastened upstairs, and a few minutes later I heard the slam of

+the hall door, which told me that he was off once more upon his

+congenial hunt.

+

+I waited until midnight, but there was no sign of his return, so

+I retired to my room. It was no uncommon thing for him to be away

+for days and nights on end when he was hot upon a scent, so that

+his lateness caused me no surprise. I do not know at what hour he

+came in, but when I came down to breakfast in the morning there

+he was with a cup of coffee in one hand and the paper in the

+other, as fresh and trim as possible.

+

+"You will excuse my beginning without you, Watson," said he, "but

+you remember that our client has rather an early appointment this

+morning."

+

+"Why, it is after nine now," I answered. "I should not be

+surprised if that were he. I thought I heard a ring."

+

+It was, indeed, our friend the financier. I was shocked by the

+change which had come over him, for his face which was naturally

+of a broad and massive mould, was now pinched and fallen in,

+while his hair seemed to me at least a shade whiter. He entered

+with a weariness and lethargy which was even more painful than

+his violence of the morning before, and he dropped heavily into

+the armchair which I pushed forward for him.

+

+"I do not know what I have done to be so severely tried," said

+he. "Only two days ago I was a happy and prosperous man, without

+a care in the world. Now I am left to a lonely and dishonoured

+age. One sorrow comes close upon the heels of another. My niece,

+Mary, has deserted me."

+

+"Deserted you?"

+

+"Yes. Her bed this morning had not been slept in, her room was

+empty, and a note for me lay upon the hall table. I had said to

+her last night, in sorrow and not in anger, that if she had

+married my boy all might have been well with him. Perhaps it was

+thoughtless of me to say so. It is to that remark that she refers

+in this note:

+

+"'MY DEAREST UNCLE:--I feel that I have brought trouble upon you,

+and that if I had acted differently this terrible misfortune

+might never have occurred. I cannot, with this thought in my

+mind, ever again be happy under your roof, and I feel that I must

+leave you forever. Do not worry about my future, for that is

+provided for; and, above all, do not search for me, for it will

+be fruitless labour and an ill-service to me. In life or in

+death, I am ever your loving,--MARY.'

+

+"What could she mean by that note, Mr. Holmes? Do you think it

+points to suicide?"

+

+"No, no, nothing of the kind. It is perhaps the best possible

+solution. I trust, Mr. Holder, that you are nearing the end of

+your troubles."

+

+"Ha! You say so! You have heard something, Mr. Holmes; you have

+learned something! Where are the gems?"

+

+"You would not think 1000 pounds apiece an excessive sum for

+them?"

+

+"I would pay ten."

+

+"That would be unnecessary. Three thousand will cover the matter.

+And there is a little reward, I fancy. Have you your check-book?

+Here is a pen. Better make it out for 4000 pounds."

+

+With a dazed face the banker made out the required check. Holmes

+walked over to his desk, took out a little triangular piece of

+gold with three gems in it, and threw it down upon the table.

+

+With a shriek of joy our client clutched it up.

+

+"You have it!" he gasped. "I am saved! I am saved!"

+

+The reaction of joy was as passionate as his grief had been, and

+he hugged his recovered gems to his bosom.

+

+"There is one other thing you owe, Mr. Holder," said Sherlock

+Holmes rather sternly.

+

+"Owe!" He caught up a pen. "Name the sum, and I will pay it."

+

+"No, the debt is not to me. You owe a very humble apology to that

+noble lad, your son, who has carried himself in this matter as I

+should be proud to see my own son do, should I ever chance to

+have one."

+

+"Then it was not Arthur who took them?"

+

+"I told you yesterday, and I repeat to-day, that it was not."

+

+"You are sure of it! Then let us hurry to him at once to let him

+know that the truth is known."

+

+"He knows it already. When I had cleared it all up I had an

+interview with him, and finding that he would not tell me the

+story, I told it to him, on which he had to confess that I was

+right and to add the very few details which were not yet quite

+clear to me. Your news of this morning, however, may open his

+lips."

+

+"For heaven's sake, tell me, then, what is this extraordinary

+mystery!"

+

+"I will do so, and I will show you the steps by which I reached

+it. And let me say to you, first, that which it is hardest for me

+to say and for you to hear: there has been an understanding

+between Sir George Burnwell and your niece Mary. They have now

+fled together."

+

+"My Mary? Impossible!"

+

+"It is unfortunately more than possible; it is certain. Neither

+you nor your son knew the true character of this man when you

+admitted him into your family circle. He is one of the most

+dangerous men in England--a ruined gambler, an absolutely

+desperate villain, a man without heart or conscience. Your niece

+knew nothing of such men. When he breathed his vows to her, as he

+had done to a hundred before her, she flattered herself that she

+alone had touched his heart. The devil knows best what he said,

+but at least she became his tool and was in the habit of seeing

+him nearly every evening."

+

+"I cannot, and I will not, believe it!" cried the banker with an

+ashen face.

+

+"I will tell you, then, what occurred in your house last night.

+Your niece, when you had, as she thought, gone to your room,

+slipped down and talked to her lover through the window which

+leads into the stable lane. His footmarks had pressed right

+through the snow, so long had he stood there. She told him of the

+coronet. His wicked lust for gold kindled at the news, and he

+bent her to his will. I have no doubt that she loved you, but

+there are women in whom the love of a lover extinguishes all

+other loves, and I think that she must have been one. She had

+hardly listened to his instructions when she saw you coming

+downstairs, on which she closed the window rapidly and told you

+about one of the servants' escapade with her wooden-legged lover,

+which was all perfectly true.

+

+"Your boy, Arthur, went to bed after his interview with you but

+he slept badly on account of his uneasiness about his club debts.

+In the middle of the night he heard a soft tread pass his door,

+so he rose and, looking out, was surprised to see his cousin

+walking very stealthily along the passage until she disappeared

+into your dressing-room. Petrified with astonishment, the lad

+slipped on some clothes and waited there in the dark to see what

+would come of this strange affair. Presently she emerged from the

+room again, and in the light of the passage-lamp your son saw

+that she carried the precious coronet in her hands. She passed

+down the stairs, and he, thrilling with horror, ran along and

+slipped behind the curtain near your door, whence he could see

+what passed in the hall beneath. He saw her stealthily open the

+window, hand out the coronet to someone in the gloom, and then

+closing it once more hurry back to her room, passing quite close

+to where he stood hid behind the curtain.

+

+"As long as she was on the scene he could not take any action

+without a horrible exposure of the woman whom he loved. But the

+instant that she was gone he realised how crushing a misfortune

+this would be for you, and how all-important it was to set it

+right. He rushed down, just as he was, in his bare feet, opened

+the window, sprang out into the snow, and ran down the lane,

+where he could see a dark figure in the moonlight. Sir George

+Burnwell tried to get away, but Arthur caught him, and there was

+a struggle between them, your lad tugging at one side of the

+coronet, and his opponent at the other. In the scuffle, your son

+struck Sir George and cut him over the eye. Then something

+suddenly snapped, and your son, finding that he had the coronet

+in his hands, rushed back, closed the window, ascended to your

+room, and had just observed that the coronet had been twisted in

+the struggle and was endeavouring to straighten it when you

+appeared upon the scene."

+

+"Is it possible?" gasped the banker.

+

+"You then roused his anger by calling him names at a moment when

+he felt that he had deserved your warmest thanks. He could not

+explain the true state of affairs without betraying one who

+certainly deserved little enough consideration at his hands. He

+took the more chivalrous view, however, and preserved her

+secret."

+

+"And that was why she shrieked and fainted when she saw the

+coronet," cried Mr. Holder. "Oh, my God! what a blind fool I have

+been! And his asking to be allowed to go out for five minutes!

+The dear fellow wanted to see if the missing piece were at the

+scene of the struggle. How cruelly I have misjudged him!"

+

+"When I arrived at the house," continued Holmes, "I at once went

+very carefully round it to observe if there were any traces in

+the snow which might help me. I knew that none had fallen since

+the evening before, and also that there had been a strong frost

+to preserve impressions. I passed along the tradesmen's path, but

+found it all trampled down and indistinguishable. Just beyond it,

+however, at the far side of the kitchen door, a woman had stood

+and talked with a man, whose round impressions on one side showed

+that he had a wooden leg. I could even tell that they had been

+disturbed, for the woman had run back swiftly to the door, as was

+shown by the deep toe and light heel marks, while Wooden-leg had

+waited a little, and then had gone away. I thought at the time

+that this might be the maid and her sweetheart, of whom you had

+already spoken to me, and inquiry showed it was so. I passed

+round the garden without seeing anything more than random tracks,

+which I took to be the police; but when I got into the stable

+lane a very long and complex story was written in the snow in

+front of me.

+

+"There was a double line of tracks of a booted man, and a second

+double line which I saw with delight belonged to a man with naked

+feet. I was at once convinced from what you had told me that the

+latter was your son. The first had walked both ways, but the

+other had run swiftly, and as his tread was marked in places over

+the depression of the boot, it was obvious that he had passed

+after the other. I followed them up and found they led to the

+hall window, where Boots had worn all the snow away while

+waiting. Then I walked to the other end, which was a hundred

+yards or more down the lane. I saw where Boots had faced round,

+where the snow was cut up as though there had been a struggle,

+and, finally, where a few drops of blood had fallen, to show me

+that I was not mistaken. Boots had then run down the lane, and

+another little smudge of blood showed that it was he who had been

+hurt. When he came to the highroad at the other end, I found that

+the pavement had been cleared, so there was an end to that clue.

+

+"On entering the house, however, I examined, as you remember, the

+sill and framework of the hall window with my lens, and I could

+at once see that someone had passed out. I could distinguish the

+outline of an instep where the wet foot had been placed in coming

+in. I was then beginning to be able to form an opinion as to what

+had occurred. A man had waited outside the window; someone had

+brought the gems; the deed had been overseen by your son; he had

+pursued the thief; had struggled with him; they had each tugged

+at the coronet, their united strength causing injuries which

+neither alone could have effected. He had returned with the

+prize, but had left a fragment in the grasp of his opponent. So

+far I was clear. The question now was, who was the man and who

+was it brought him the coronet?

+

+"It is an old maxim of mine that when you have excluded the

+impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the

+truth. Now, I knew that it was not you who had brought it down,

+so there only remained your niece and the maids. But if it were

+the maids, why should your son allow himself to be accused in

+their place? There could be no possible reason. As he loved his

+cousin, however, there was an excellent explanation why he should

+retain her secret--the more so as the secret was a disgraceful

+one. When I remembered that you had seen her at that window, and

+how she had fainted on seeing the coronet again, my conjecture

+became a certainty.

+

+"And who could it be who was her confederate? A lover evidently,

+for who else could outweigh the love and gratitude which she must

+feel to you? I knew that you went out little, and that your

+circle of friends was a very limited one. But among them was Sir

+George Burnwell. I had heard of him before as being a man of evil

+reputation among women. It must have been he who wore those boots

+and retained the missing gems. Even though he knew that Arthur

+had discovered him, he might still flatter himself that he was

+safe, for the lad could not say a word without compromising his

+own family.

+

+"Well, your own good sense will suggest what measures I took

+next. I went in the shape of a loafer to Sir George's house,

+managed to pick up an acquaintance with his valet, learned that

+his master had cut his head the night before, and, finally, at

+the expense of six shillings, made all sure by buying a pair of

+his cast-off shoes. With these I journeyed down to Streatham and

+saw that they exactly fitted the tracks."

+

+"I saw an ill-dressed vagabond in the lane yesterday evening,"

+said Mr. Holder.

+

+"Precisely. It was I. I found that I had my man, so I came home

+and changed my clothes. It was a delicate part which I had to

+play then, for I saw that a prosecution must be avoided to avert

+scandal, and I knew that so astute a villain would see that our

+hands were tied in the matter. I went and saw him. At first, of

+course, he denied everything. But when I gave him every

+particular that had occurred, he tried to bluster and took down a

+life-preserver from the wall. I knew my man, however, and I

+clapped a pistol to his head before he could strike. Then he

+became a little more reasonable. I told him that we would give

+him a price for the stones he held--1000 pounds apiece. That

+brought out the first signs of grief that he had shown. 'Why,

+dash it all!' said he, 'I've let them go at six hundred for the

+three!' I soon managed to get the address of the receiver who had

+them, on promising him that there would be no prosecution. Off I

+set to him, and after much chaffering I got our stones at 1000

+pounds apiece. Then I looked in upon your son, told him that all

+was right, and eventually got to my bed about two o'clock, after

+what I may call a really hard day's work."

+

+"A day which has saved England from a great public scandal," said

+the banker, rising. "Sir, I cannot find words to thank you, but

+you shall not find me ungrateful for what you have done. Your

+skill has indeed exceeded all that I have heard of it. And now I

+must fly to my dear boy to apologise to him for the wrong which I

+have done him. As to what you tell me of poor Mary, it goes to my

+very heart. Not even your skill can inform me where she is now."

+

+"I think that we may safely say," returned Holmes, "that she is

+wherever Sir George Burnwell is. It is equally certain, too, that

+whatever her sins are, they will soon receive a more than

+sufficient punishment."

+

+

+

+XII. THE ADVENTURE OF THE COPPER BEECHES

+

+"To the man who loves art for its own sake," remarked Sherlock

+Holmes, tossing aside the advertisement sheet of the Daily

+Telegraph, "it is frequently in its least important and lowliest

+manifestations that the keenest pleasure is to be derived. It is

+pleasant to me to observe, Watson, that you have so far grasped

+this truth that in these little records of our cases which you

+have been good enough to draw up, and, I am bound to say,

+occasionally to embellish, you have given prominence not so much

+to the many causes célèbres and sensational trials in which I

+have figured but rather to those incidents which may have been

+trivial in themselves, but which have given room for those

+faculties of deduction and of logical synthesis which I have made

+my special province."

+

+"And yet," said I, smiling, "I cannot quite hold myself absolved

+from the charge of sensationalism which has been urged against my

+records."

+

+"You have erred, perhaps," he observed, taking up a glowing

+cinder with the tongs and lighting with it the long cherry-wood

+pipe which was wont to replace his clay when he was in a

+disputatious rather than a meditative mood--"you have erred

+perhaps in attempting to put colour and life into each of your

+statements instead of confining yourself to the task of placing

+upon record that severe reasoning from cause to effect which is

+really the only notable feature about the thing."

+

+"It seems to me that I have done you full justice in the matter,"

+I remarked with some coldness, for I was repelled by the egotism

+which I had more than once observed to be a strong factor in my

+friend's singular character.

+

+"No, it is not selfishness or conceit," said he, answering, as

+was his wont, my thoughts rather than my words. "If I claim full

+justice for my art, it is because it is an impersonal thing--a

+thing beyond myself. Crime is common. Logic is rare. Therefore it

+is upon the logic rather than upon the crime that you should

+dwell. You have degraded what should have been a course of

+lectures into a series of tales."

+

+It was a cold morning of the early spring, and we sat after

+breakfast on either side of a cheery fire in the old room at

+Baker Street. A thick fog rolled down between the lines of

+dun-coloured houses, and the opposing windows loomed like dark,

+shapeless blurs through the heavy yellow wreaths. Our gas was lit

+and shone on the white cloth and glimmer of china and metal, for

+the table had not been cleared yet. Sherlock Holmes had been

+silent all the morning, dipping continuously into the

+advertisement columns of a succession of papers until at last,

+having apparently given up his search, he had emerged in no very

+sweet temper to lecture me upon my literary shortcomings.

+

+"At the same time," he remarked after a pause, during which he

+had sat puffing at his long pipe and gazing down into the fire,

+"you can hardly be open to a charge of sensationalism, for out of

+these cases which you have been so kind as to interest yourself

+in, a fair proportion do not treat of crime, in its legal sense,

+at all. The small matter in which I endeavoured to help the King

+of Bohemia, the singular experience of Miss Mary Sutherland, the

+problem connected with the man with the twisted lip, and the

+incident of the noble bachelor, were all matters which are

+outside the pale of the law. But in avoiding the sensational, I

+fear that you may have bordered on the trivial."

+

+"The end may have been so," I answered, "but the methods I hold

+to have been novel and of interest."

+

+"Pshaw, my dear fellow, what do the public, the great unobservant

+public, who could hardly tell a weaver by his tooth or a

+compositor by his left thumb, care about the finer shades of

+analysis and deduction! But, indeed, if you are trivial, I cannot

+blame you, for the days of the great cases are past. Man, or at

+least criminal man, has lost all enterprise and originality. As

+to my own little practice, it seems to be degenerating into an

+agency for recovering lost lead pencils and giving advice to

+young ladies from boarding-schools. I think that I have touched

+bottom at last, however. This note I had this morning marks my

+zero-point, I fancy. Read it!" He tossed a crumpled letter across

+to me.

+

+It was dated from Montague Place upon the preceding evening, and

+ran thus:

+

+"DEAR MR. HOLMES:--I am very anxious to consult you as to whether

+I should or should not accept a situation which has been offered

+to me as governess. I shall call at half-past ten to-morrow if I

+do not inconvenience you. Yours faithfully,

+                                               "VIOLET HUNTER."

+

+"Do you know the young lady?" I asked.

+

+"Not I."

+

+"It is half-past ten now."

+

+"Yes, and I have no doubt that is her ring."

+

+"It may turn out to be of more interest than you think. You

+remember that the affair of the blue carbuncle, which appeared to

+be a mere whim at first, developed into a serious investigation.

+It may be so in this case, also."

+

+"Well, let us hope so. But our doubts will very soon be solved,

+for here, unless I am much mistaken, is the person in question."

+

+As he spoke the door opened and a young lady entered the room.

+She was plainly but neatly dressed, with a bright, quick face,

+freckled like a plover's egg, and with the brisk manner of a

+woman who has had her own way to make in the world.

+

+"You will excuse my troubling you, I am sure," said she, as my

+companion rose to greet her, "but I have had a very strange

+experience, and as I have no parents or relations of any sort

+from whom I could ask advice, I thought that perhaps you would be

+kind enough to tell me what I should do."

+

+"Pray take a seat, Miss Hunter. I shall be happy to do anything

+that I can to serve you."

+

+I could see that Holmes was favourably impressed by the manner

+and speech of his new client. He looked her over in his searching

+fashion, and then composed himself, with his lids drooping and

+his finger-tips together, to listen to her story.

+

+"I have been a governess for five years," said she, "in the

+family of Colonel Spence Munro, but two months ago the colonel

+received an appointment at Halifax, in Nova Scotia, and took his

+children over to America with him, so that I found myself without

+a situation. I advertised, and I answered advertisements, but

+without success. At last the little money which I had saved began

+to run short, and I was at my wit's end as to what I should do.

+

+"There is a well-known agency for governesses in the West End

+called Westaway's, and there I used to call about once a week in

+order to see whether anything had turned up which might suit me.

+Westaway was the name of the founder of the business, but it is

+really managed by Miss Stoper. She sits in her own little office,

+and the ladies who are seeking employment wait in an anteroom,

+and are then shown in one by one, when she consults her ledgers

+and sees whether she has anything which would suit them.

+

+"Well, when I called last week I was shown into the little office

+as usual, but I found that Miss Stoper was not alone. A

+prodigiously stout man with a very smiling face and a great heavy

+chin which rolled down in fold upon fold over his throat sat at

+her elbow with a pair of glasses on his nose, looking very

+earnestly at the ladies who entered. As I came in he gave quite a

+jump in his chair and turned quickly to Miss Stoper.

+

+"'That will do,' said he; 'I could not ask for anything better.

+Capital! capital!' He seemed quite enthusiastic and rubbed his

+hands together in the most genial fashion. He was such a

+comfortable-looking man that it was quite a pleasure to look at

+him.

+

+"'You are looking for a situation, miss?' he asked.

+

+"'Yes, sir.'

+

+"'As governess?'

+

+"'Yes, sir.'

+

+"'And what salary do you ask?'

+

+"'I had 4 pounds a month in my last place with Colonel Spence

+Munro.'

+

+"'Oh, tut, tut! sweating--rank sweating!' he cried, throwing his

+fat hands out into the air like a man who is in a boiling

+passion. 'How could anyone offer so pitiful a sum to a lady with

+such attractions and accomplishments?'

+

+"'My accomplishments, sir, may be less than you imagine,' said I.

+'A little French, a little German, music, and drawing--'

+

+"'Tut, tut!' he cried. 'This is all quite beside the question.

+The point is, have you or have you not the bearing and deportment

+of a lady? There it is in a nutshell. If you have not, you are

+not fitted for the rearing of a child who may some day play a

+considerable part in the history of the country. But if you have

+why, then, how could any gentleman ask you to condescend to

+accept anything under the three figures? Your salary with me,

+madam, would commence at 100 pounds a year.'

+

+"You may imagine, Mr. Holmes, that to me, destitute as I was,

+such an offer seemed almost too good to be true. The gentleman,

+however, seeing perhaps the look of incredulity upon my face,

+opened a pocket-book and took out a note.

+

+"'It is also my custom,' said he, smiling in the most pleasant

+fashion until his eyes were just two little shining slits amid

+the white creases of his face, 'to advance to my young ladies

+half their salary beforehand, so that they may meet any little

+expenses of their journey and their wardrobe.'

+

+"It seemed to me that I had never met so fascinating and so

+thoughtful a man. As I was already in debt to my tradesmen, the

+advance was a great convenience, and yet there was something

+unnatural about the whole transaction which made me wish to know

+a little more before I quite committed myself.

+

+"'May I ask where you live, sir?' said I.

+

+"'Hampshire. Charming rural place. The Copper Beeches, five miles

+on the far side of Winchester. It is the most lovely country, my

+dear young lady, and the dearest old country-house.'

+

+"'And my duties, sir? I should be glad to know what they would

+be.'

+

+"'One child--one dear little romper just six years old. Oh, if

+you could see him killing cockroaches with a slipper! Smack!

+smack! smack! Three gone before you could wink!' He leaned back

+in his chair and laughed his eyes into his head again.

+

+"I was a little startled at the nature of the child's amusement,

+but the father's laughter made me think that perhaps he was

+joking.

+

+"'My sole duties, then,' I asked, 'are to take charge of a single

+child?'

+

+"'No, no, not the sole, not the sole, my dear young lady,' he

+cried. 'Your duty would be, as I am sure your good sense would

+suggest, to obey any little commands my wife might give, provided

+always that they were such commands as a lady might with

+propriety obey. You see no difficulty, heh?'

+

+"'I should be happy to make myself useful.'

+

+"'Quite so. In dress now, for example. We are faddy people, you

+know--faddy but kind-hearted. If you were asked to wear any dress

+which we might give you, you would not object to our little whim.

+Heh?'

+

+"'No,' said I, considerably astonished at his words.

+

+"'Or to sit here, or sit there, that would not be offensive to

+you?'

+

+"'Oh, no.'

+

+"'Or to cut your hair quite short before you come to us?'

+

+"I could hardly believe my ears. As you may observe, Mr. Holmes,

+my hair is somewhat luxuriant, and of a rather peculiar tint of

+chestnut. It has been considered artistic. I could not dream of

+sacrificing it in this offhand fashion.

+

+"'I am afraid that that is quite impossible,' said I. He had been

+watching me eagerly out of his small eyes, and I could see a

+shadow pass over his face as I spoke.

+

+"'I am afraid that it is quite essential,' said he. 'It is a

+little fancy of my wife's, and ladies' fancies, you know, madam,

+ladies' fancies must be consulted. And so you won't cut your

+hair?'

+

+"'No, sir, I really could not,' I answered firmly.

+

+"'Ah, very well; then that quite settles the matter. It is a

+pity, because in other respects you would really have done very

+nicely. In that case, Miss Stoper, I had best inspect a few more

+of your young ladies.'

+

+"The manageress had sat all this while busy with her papers

+without a word to either of us, but she glanced at me now with so

+much annoyance upon her face that I could not help suspecting

+that she had lost a handsome commission through my refusal.

+

+"'Do you desire your name to be kept upon the books?' she asked.

+

+"'If you please, Miss Stoper.'

+

+"'Well, really, it seems rather useless, since you refuse the

+most excellent offers in this fashion,' said she sharply. 'You

+can hardly expect us to exert ourselves to find another such

+opening for you. Good-day to you, Miss Hunter.' She struck a gong

+upon the table, and I was shown out by the page.

+

+"Well, Mr. Holmes, when I got back to my lodgings and found

+little enough in the cupboard, and two or three bills upon the

+table, I began to ask myself whether I had not done a very

+foolish thing. After all, if these people had strange fads and

+expected obedience on the most extraordinary matters, they were

+at least ready to pay for their eccentricity. Very few

+governesses in England are getting 100 pounds a year. Besides,

+what use was my hair to me? Many people are improved by wearing

+it short and perhaps I should be among the number. Next day I was

+inclined to think that I had made a mistake, and by the day after

+I was sure of it. I had almost overcome my pride so far as to go

+back to the agency and inquire whether the place was still open

+when I received this letter from the gentleman himself. I have it

+here and I will read it to you:

+

+                       "'The Copper Beeches, near Winchester.

+"'DEAR MISS HUNTER:--Miss Stoper has very kindly given me your

+address, and I write from here to ask you whether you have

+reconsidered your decision. My wife is very anxious that you

+should come, for she has been much attracted by my description of

+you. We are willing to give 30 pounds a quarter, or 120 pounds a

+year, so as to recompense you for any little inconvenience which

+our fads may cause you. They are not very exacting, after all. My

+wife is fond of a particular shade of electric blue and would

+like you to wear such a dress indoors in the morning. You need

+not, however, go to the expense of purchasing one, as we have one

+belonging to my dear daughter Alice (now in Philadelphia), which

+would, I should think, fit you very well. Then, as to sitting

+here or there, or amusing yourself in any manner indicated, that

+need cause you no inconvenience. As regards your hair, it is no

+doubt a pity, especially as I could not help remarking its beauty

+during our short interview, but I am afraid that I must remain

+firm upon this point, and I only hope that the increased salary

+may recompense you for the loss. Your duties, as far as the child

+is concerned, are very light. Now do try to come, and I shall

+meet you with the dog-cart at Winchester. Let me know your train.

+Yours faithfully, JEPHRO RUCASTLE.'

+

+"That is the letter which I have just received, Mr. Holmes, and

+my mind is made up that I will accept it. I thought, however,

+that before taking the final step I should like to submit the

+whole matter to your consideration."

+

+"Well, Miss Hunter, if your mind is made up, that settles the

+question," said Holmes, smiling.

+

+"But you would not advise me to refuse?"

+

+"I confess that it is not the situation which I should like to

+see a sister of mine apply for."

+

+"What is the meaning of it all, Mr. Holmes?"

+

+"Ah, I have no data. I cannot tell. Perhaps you have yourself

+formed some opinion?"

+

+"Well, there seems to me to be only one possible solution. Mr.

+Rucastle seemed to be a very kind, good-natured man. Is it not

+possible that his wife is a lunatic, that he desires to keep the

+matter quiet for fear she should be taken to an asylum, and that

+he humours her fancies in every way in order to prevent an

+outbreak?"

+

+"That is a possible solution--in fact, as matters stand, it is

+the most probable one. But in any case it does not seem to be a

+nice household for a young lady."

+

+"But the money, Mr. Holmes, the money!"

+

+"Well, yes, of course the pay is good--too good. That is what

+makes me uneasy. Why should they give you 120 pounds a year, when

+they could have their pick for 40 pounds? There must be some

+strong reason behind."

+

+"I thought that if I told you the circumstances you would

+understand afterwards if I wanted your help. I should feel so

+much stronger if I felt that you were at the back of me."

+

+"Oh, you may carry that feeling away with you. I assure you that

+your little problem promises to be the most interesting which has

+come my way for some months. There is something distinctly novel

+about some of the features. If you should find yourself in doubt

+or in danger--"

+

+"Danger! What danger do you foresee?"

+

+Holmes shook his head gravely. "It would cease to be a danger if

+we could define it," said he. "But at any time, day or night, a

+telegram would bring me down to your help."

+

+"That is enough." She rose briskly from her chair with the

+anxiety all swept from her face. "I shall go down to Hampshire

+quite easy in my mind now. I shall write to Mr. Rucastle at once,

+sacrifice my poor hair to-night, and start for Winchester

+to-morrow." With a few grateful words to Holmes she bade us both

+good-night and bustled off upon her way.

+

+"At least," said I as we heard her quick, firm steps descending

+the stairs, "she seems to be a young lady who is very well able

+to take care of herself."

+

+"And she would need to be," said Holmes gravely. "I am much

+mistaken if we do not hear from her before many days are past."

+

+It was not very long before my friend's prediction was fulfilled.

+A fortnight went by, during which I frequently found my thoughts

+turning in her direction and wondering what strange side-alley of

+human experience this lonely woman had strayed into. The unusual

+salary, the curious conditions, the light duties, all pointed to

+something abnormal, though whether a fad or a plot, or whether

+the man were a philanthropist or a villain, it was quite beyond

+my powers to determine. As to Holmes, I observed that he sat

+frequently for half an hour on end, with knitted brows and an

+abstracted air, but he swept the matter away with a wave of his

+hand when I mentioned it. "Data! data! data!" he cried

+impatiently. "I can't make bricks without clay." And yet he would

+always wind up by muttering that no sister of his should ever

+have accepted such a situation.

+

+The telegram which we eventually received came late one night

+just as I was thinking of turning in and Holmes was settling down

+to one of those all-night chemical researches which he frequently

+indulged in, when I would leave him stooping over a retort and a

+test-tube at night and find him in the same position when I came

+down to breakfast in the morning. He opened the yellow envelope,

+and then, glancing at the message, threw it across to me.

+

+"Just look up the trains in Bradshaw," said he, and turned back

+to his chemical studies.

+

+The summons was a brief and urgent one.

+

+"Please be at the Black Swan Hotel at Winchester at midday

+to-morrow," it said. "Do come! I am at my wit's end.  HUNTER."

+

+"Will you come with me?" asked Holmes, glancing up.

+

+"I should wish to."

+

+"Just look it up, then."

+

+"There is a train at half-past nine," said I, glancing over my

+Bradshaw. "It is due at Winchester at 11:30."

+

+"That will do very nicely. Then perhaps I had better postpone my

+analysis of the acetones, as we may need to be at our best in the

+morning."

+

+By eleven o'clock the next day we were well upon our way to the

+old English capital. Holmes had been buried in the morning papers

+all the way down, but after we had passed the Hampshire border he

+threw them down and began to admire the scenery. It was an ideal

+spring day, a light blue sky, flecked with little fleecy white

+clouds drifting across from west to east. The sun was shining

+very brightly, and yet there was an exhilarating nip in the air,

+which set an edge to a man's energy. All over the countryside,

+away to the rolling hills around Aldershot, the little red and

+grey roofs of the farm-steadings peeped out from amid the light

+green of the new foliage.

+

+"Are they not fresh and beautiful?" I cried with all the

+enthusiasm of a man fresh from the fogs of Baker Street.

+

+But Holmes shook his head gravely.

+

+"Do you know, Watson," said he, "that it is one of the curses of

+a mind with a turn like mine that I must look at everything with

+reference to my own special subject. You look at these scattered

+houses, and you are impressed by their beauty. I look at them,

+and the only thought which comes to me is a feeling of their

+isolation and of the impunity with which crime may be committed

+there."

+

+"Good heavens!" I cried. "Who would associate crime with these

+dear old homesteads?"

+

+"They always fill me with a certain horror. It is my belief,

+Watson, founded upon my experience, that the lowest and vilest

+alleys in London do not present a more dreadful record of sin

+than does the smiling and beautiful countryside."

+

+"You horrify me!"

+

+"But the reason is very obvious. The pressure of public opinion

+can do in the town what the law cannot accomplish. There is no

+lane so vile that the scream of a tortured child, or the thud of

+a drunkard's blow, does not beget sympathy and indignation among

+the neighbours, and then the whole machinery of justice is ever

+so close that a word of complaint can set it going, and there is

+but a step between the crime and the dock. But look at these

+lonely houses, each in its own fields, filled for the most part

+with poor ignorant folk who know little of the law. Think of the

+deeds of hellish cruelty, the hidden wickedness which may go on,

+year in, year out, in such places, and none the wiser. Had this

+lady who appeals to us for help gone to live in Winchester, I

+should never have had a fear for her. It is the five miles of

+country which makes the danger. Still, it is clear that she is

+not personally threatened."

+

+"No. If she can come to Winchester to meet us she can get away."

+

+"Quite so. She has her freedom."

+

+"What CAN be the matter, then? Can you suggest no explanation?"

+

+"I have devised seven separate explanations, each of which would

+cover the facts as far as we know them. But which of these is

+correct can only be determined by the fresh information which we

+shall no doubt find waiting for us. Well, there is the tower of

+the cathedral, and we shall soon learn all that Miss Hunter has

+to tell."

+

+The Black Swan is an inn of repute in the High Street, at no

+distance from the station, and there we found the young lady

+waiting for us. She had engaged a sitting-room, and our lunch

+awaited us upon the table.

+

+"I am so delighted that you have come," she said earnestly. "It

+is so very kind of you both; but indeed I do not know what I

+should do. Your advice will be altogether invaluable to me."

+

+"Pray tell us what has happened to you."

+

+"I will do so, and I must be quick, for I have promised Mr.

+Rucastle to be back before three. I got his leave to come into

+town this morning, though he little knew for what purpose."

+

+"Let us have everything in its due order." Holmes thrust his long

+thin legs out towards the fire and composed himself to listen.

+

+"In the first place, I may say that I have met, on the whole,

+with no actual ill-treatment from Mr. and Mrs. Rucastle. It is

+only fair to them to say that. But I cannot understand them, and

+I am not easy in my mind about them."

+

+"What can you not understand?"

+

+"Their reasons for their conduct. But you shall have it all just

+as it occurred. When I came down, Mr. Rucastle met me here and

+drove me in his dog-cart to the Copper Beeches. It is, as he

+said, beautifully situated, but it is not beautiful in itself,

+for it is a large square block of a house, whitewashed, but all

+stained and streaked with damp and bad weather. There are grounds

+round it, woods on three sides, and on the fourth a field which

+slopes down to the Southampton highroad, which curves past about

+a hundred yards from the front door. This ground in front belongs

+to the house, but the woods all round are part of Lord

+Southerton's preserves. A clump of copper beeches immediately in

+front of the hall door has given its name to the place.

+

+"I was driven over by my employer, who was as amiable as ever,

+and was introduced by him that evening to his wife and the child.

+There was no truth, Mr. Holmes, in the conjecture which seemed to

+us to be probable in your rooms at Baker Street. Mrs. Rucastle is

+not mad. I found her to be a silent, pale-faced woman, much

+younger than her husband, not more than thirty, I should think,

+while he can hardly be less than forty-five. From their

+conversation I have gathered that they have been married about

+seven years, that he was a widower, and that his only child by

+the first wife was the daughter who has gone to Philadelphia. Mr.

+Rucastle told me in private that the reason why she had left them

+was that she had an unreasoning aversion to her stepmother. As

+the daughter could not have been less than twenty, I can quite

+imagine that her position must have been uncomfortable with her

+father's young wife.

+

+"Mrs. Rucastle seemed to me to be colourless in mind as well as

+in feature. She impressed me neither favourably nor the reverse.

+She was a nonentity. It was easy to see that she was passionately

+devoted both to her husband and to her little son. Her light grey

+eyes wandered continually from one to the other, noting every

+little want and forestalling it if possible. He was kind to her

+also in his bluff, boisterous fashion, and on the whole they

+seemed to be a happy couple. And yet she had some secret sorrow,

+this woman. She would often be lost in deep thought, with the

+saddest look upon her face. More than once I have surprised her

+in tears. I have thought sometimes that it was the disposition of

+her child which weighed upon her mind, for I have never met so

+utterly spoiled and so ill-natured a little creature. He is small

+for his age, with a head which is quite disproportionately large.

+His whole life appears to be spent in an alternation between

+savage fits of passion and gloomy intervals of sulking. Giving

+pain to any creature weaker than himself seems to be his one idea

+of amusement, and he shows quite remarkable talent in planning

+the capture of mice, little birds, and insects. But I would

+rather not talk about the creature, Mr. Holmes, and, indeed, he

+has little to do with my story."

+

+"I am glad of all details," remarked my friend, "whether they

+seem to you to be relevant or not."

+

+"I shall try not to miss anything of importance. The one

+unpleasant thing about the house, which struck me at once, was

+the appearance and conduct of the servants. There are only two, a

+man and his wife. Toller, for that is his name, is a rough,

+uncouth man, with grizzled hair and whiskers, and a perpetual

+smell of drink. Twice since I have been with them he has been

+quite drunk, and yet Mr. Rucastle seemed to take no notice of it.

+His wife is a very tall and strong woman with a sour face, as

+silent as Mrs. Rucastle and much less amiable. They are a most

+unpleasant couple, but fortunately I spend most of my time in the

+nursery and my own room, which are next to each other in one

+corner of the building.

+

+"For two days after my arrival at the Copper Beeches my life was

+very quiet; on the third, Mrs. Rucastle came down just after

+breakfast and whispered something to her husband.

+

+"'Oh, yes,' said he, turning to me, 'we are very much obliged to

+you, Miss Hunter, for falling in with our whims so far as to cut

+your hair. I assure you that it has not detracted in the tiniest

+iota from your appearance. We shall now see how the electric-blue

+dress will become you. You will find it laid out upon the bed in

+your room, and if you would be so good as to put it on we should

+both be extremely obliged.'

+

+"The dress which I found waiting for me was of a peculiar shade

+of blue. It was of excellent material, a sort of beige, but it

+bore unmistakable signs of having been worn before. It could not

+have been a better fit if I had been measured for it. Both Mr.

+and Mrs. Rucastle expressed a delight at the look of it, which

+seemed quite exaggerated in its vehemence. They were waiting for

+me in the drawing-room, which is a very large room, stretching

+along the entire front of the house, with three long windows

+reaching down to the floor. A chair had been placed close to the

+central window, with its back turned towards it. In this I was

+asked to sit, and then Mr. Rucastle, walking up and down on the

+other side of the room, began to tell me a series of the funniest

+stories that I have ever listened to. You cannot imagine how

+comical he was, and I laughed until I was quite weary. Mrs.

+Rucastle, however, who has evidently no sense of humour, never so

+much as smiled, but sat with her hands in her lap, and a sad,

+anxious look upon her face. After an hour or so, Mr. Rucastle

+suddenly remarked that it was time to commence the duties of the

+day, and that I might change my dress and go to little Edward in

+the nursery.

+

+"Two days later this same performance was gone through under

+exactly similar circumstances. Again I changed my dress, again I

+sat in the window, and again I laughed very heartily at the funny

+stories of which my employer had an immense répertoire, and which

+he told inimitably. Then he handed me a yellow-backed novel, and

+moving my chair a little sideways, that my own shadow might not

+fall upon the page, he begged me to read aloud to him. I read for

+about ten minutes, beginning in the heart of a chapter, and then

+suddenly, in the middle of a sentence, he ordered me to cease and

+to change my dress.

+

+"You can easily imagine, Mr. Holmes, how curious I became as to

+what the meaning of this extraordinary performance could possibly

+be. They were always very careful, I observed, to turn my face

+away from the window, so that I became consumed with the desire

+to see what was going on behind my back. At first it seemed to be

+impossible, but I soon devised a means. My hand-mirror had been

+broken, so a happy thought seized me, and I concealed a piece of

+the glass in my handkerchief. On the next occasion, in the midst

+of my laughter, I put my handkerchief up to my eyes, and was able

+with a little management to see all that there was behind me. I

+confess that I was disappointed. There was nothing. At least that

+was my first impression. At the second glance, however, I

+perceived that there was a man standing in the Southampton Road,

+a small bearded man in a grey suit, who seemed to be looking in

+my direction. The road is an important highway, and there are

+usually people there. This man, however, was leaning against the

+railings which bordered our field and was looking earnestly up. I

+lowered my handkerchief and glanced at Mrs. Rucastle to find her

+eyes fixed upon me with a most searching gaze. She said nothing,

+but I am convinced that she had divined that I had a mirror in my

+hand and had seen what was behind me. She rose at once.

+

+"'Jephro,' said she, 'there is an impertinent fellow upon the

+road there who stares up at Miss Hunter.'

+

+"'No friend of yours, Miss Hunter?' he asked.

+

+"'No, I know no one in these parts.'

+

+"'Dear me! How very impertinent! Kindly turn round and motion to

+him to go away.'

+

+"'Surely it would be better to take no notice.'

+

+"'No, no, we should have him loitering here always. Kindly turn

+round and wave him away like that.'

+

+"I did as I was told, and at the same instant Mrs. Rucastle drew

+down the blind. That was a week ago, and from that time I have

+not sat again in the window, nor have I worn the blue dress, nor

+seen the man in the road."

+

+"Pray continue," said Holmes. "Your narrative promises to be a

+most interesting one."

+

+"You will find it rather disconnected, I fear, and there may

+prove to be little relation between the different incidents of

+which I speak. On the very first day that I was at the Copper

+Beeches, Mr. Rucastle took me to a small outhouse which stands

+near the kitchen door. As we approached it I heard the sharp

+rattling of a chain, and the sound as of a large animal moving

+about.

+

+"'Look in here!' said Mr. Rucastle, showing me a slit between two

+planks. 'Is he not a beauty?'

+

+"I looked through and was conscious of two glowing eyes, and of a

+vague figure huddled up in the darkness.

+

+"'Don't be frightened,' said my employer, laughing at the start

+which I had given. 'It's only Carlo, my mastiff. I call him mine,

+but really old Toller, my groom, is the only man who can do

+anything with him. We feed him once a day, and not too much then,

+so that he is always as keen as mustard. Toller lets him loose

+every night, and God help the trespasser whom he lays his fangs

+upon. For goodness' sake don't you ever on any pretext set your

+foot over the threshold at night, for it's as much as your life

+is worth.'

+

+"The warning was no idle one, for two nights later I happened to

+look out of my bedroom window about two o'clock in the morning.

+It was a beautiful moonlight night, and the lawn in front of the

+house was silvered over and almost as bright as day. I was

+standing, rapt in the peaceful beauty of the scene, when I was

+aware that something was moving under the shadow of the copper

+beeches. As it emerged into the moonshine I saw what it was. It

+was a giant dog, as large as a calf, tawny tinted, with hanging

+jowl, black muzzle, and huge projecting bones. It walked slowly

+across the lawn and vanished into the shadow upon the other side.

+That dreadful sentinel sent a chill to my heart which I do not

+think that any burglar could have done.

+

+"And now I have a very strange experience to tell you. I had, as

+you know, cut off my hair in London, and I had placed it in a

+great coil at the bottom of my trunk. One evening, after the

+child was in bed, I began to amuse myself by examining the

+furniture of my room and by rearranging my own little things.

+There was an old chest of drawers in the room, the two upper ones

+empty and open, the lower one locked. I had filled the first two

+with my linen, and as I had still much to pack away I was

+naturally annoyed at not having the use of the third drawer. It

+struck me that it might have been fastened by a mere oversight,

+so I took out my bunch of keys and tried to open it. The very

+first key fitted to perfection, and I drew the drawer open. There

+was only one thing in it, but I am sure that you would never

+guess what it was. It was my coil of hair.

+

+"I took it up and examined it. It was of the same peculiar tint,

+and the same thickness. But then the impossibility of the thing

+obtruded itself upon me. How could my hair have been locked in

+the drawer? With trembling hands I undid my trunk, turned out the

+contents, and drew from the bottom my own hair. I laid the two

+tresses together, and I assure you that they were identical. Was

+it not extraordinary? Puzzle as I would, I could make nothing at

+all of what it meant. I returned the strange hair to the drawer,

+and I said nothing of the matter to the Rucastles as I felt that

+I had put myself in the wrong by opening a drawer which they had

+locked.

+

+"I am naturally observant, as you may have remarked, Mr. Holmes,

+and I soon had a pretty good plan of the whole house in my head.

+There was one wing, however, which appeared not to be inhabited

+at all. A door which faced that which led into the quarters of

+the Tollers opened into this suite, but it was invariably locked.

+One day, however, as I ascended the stair, I met Mr. Rucastle

+coming out through this door, his keys in his hand, and a look on

+his face which made him a very different person to the round,

+jovial man to whom I was accustomed. His cheeks were red, his

+brow was all crinkled with anger, and the veins stood out at his

+temples with passion. He locked the door and hurried past me

+without a word or a look.

+

+"This aroused my curiosity, so when I went out for a walk in the

+grounds with my charge, I strolled round to the side from which I

+could see the windows of this part of the house. There were four

+of them in a row, three of which were simply dirty, while the

+fourth was shuttered up. They were evidently all deserted. As I

+strolled up and down, glancing at them occasionally, Mr. Rucastle

+came out to me, looking as merry and jovial as ever.

+

+"'Ah!' said he, 'you must not think me rude if I passed you

+without a word, my dear young lady. I was preoccupied with

+business matters.'

+

+"I assured him that I was not offended. 'By the way,' said I,

+'you seem to have quite a suite of spare rooms up there, and one

+of them has the shutters up.'

+

+"He looked surprised and, as it seemed to me, a little startled

+at my remark.

+

+"'Photography is one of my hobbies,' said he. 'I have made my

+dark room up there. But, dear me! what an observant young lady we

+have come upon. Who would have believed it? Who would have ever

+believed it?' He spoke in a jesting tone, but there was no jest

+in his eyes as he looked at me. I read suspicion there and

+annoyance, but no jest.

+

+"Well, Mr. Holmes, from the moment that I understood that there

+was something about that suite of rooms which I was not to know,

+I was all on fire to go over them. It was not mere curiosity,

+though I have my share of that. It was more a feeling of duty--a

+feeling that some good might come from my penetrating to this

+place. They talk of woman's instinct; perhaps it was woman's

+instinct which gave me that feeling. At any rate, it was there,

+and I was keenly on the lookout for any chance to pass the

+forbidden door.

+

+"It was only yesterday that the chance came. I may tell you that,

+besides Mr. Rucastle, both Toller and his wife find something to

+do in these deserted rooms, and I once saw him carrying a large

+black linen bag with him through the door. Recently he has been

+drinking hard, and yesterday evening he was very drunk; and when

+I came upstairs there was the key in the door. I have no doubt at

+all that he had left it there. Mr. and Mrs. Rucastle were both

+downstairs, and the child was with them, so that I had an

+admirable opportunity. I turned the key gently in the lock,

+opened the door, and slipped through.

+

+"There was a little passage in front of me, unpapered and

+uncarpeted, which turned at a right angle at the farther end.

+Round this corner were three doors in a line, the first and third

+of which were open. They each led into an empty room, dusty and

+cheerless, with two windows in the one and one in the other, so

+thick with dirt that the evening light glimmered dimly through

+them. The centre door was closed, and across the outside of it

+had been fastened one of the broad bars of an iron bed, padlocked

+at one end to a ring in the wall, and fastened at the other with

+stout cord. The door itself was locked as well, and the key was

+not there. This barricaded door corresponded clearly with the

+shuttered window outside, and yet I could see by the glimmer from

+beneath it that the room was not in darkness. Evidently there was

+a skylight which let in light from above. As I stood in the

+passage gazing at the sinister door and wondering what secret it

+might veil, I suddenly heard the sound of steps within the room

+and saw a shadow pass backward and forward against the little

+slit of dim light which shone out from under the door. A mad,

+unreasoning terror rose up in me at the sight, Mr. Holmes. My

+overstrung nerves failed me suddenly, and I turned and ran--ran

+as though some dreadful hand were behind me clutching at the

+skirt of my dress. I rushed down the passage, through the door,

+and straight into the arms of Mr. Rucastle, who was waiting

+outside.

+

+"'So,' said he, smiling, 'it was you, then. I thought that it

+must be when I saw the door open.'

+

+"'Oh, I am so frightened!' I panted.

+

+"'My dear young lady! my dear young lady!'--you cannot think how

+caressing and soothing his manner was--'and what has frightened

+you, my dear young lady?'

+

+"But his voice was just a little too coaxing. He overdid it. I

+was keenly on my guard against him.

+

+"'I was foolish enough to go into the empty wing,' I answered.

+'But it is so lonely and eerie in this dim light that I was

+frightened and ran out again. Oh, it is so dreadfully still in

+there!'

+

+"'Only that?' said he, looking at me keenly.

+

+"'Why, what did you think?' I asked.

+

+"'Why do you think that I lock this door?'

+

+"'I am sure that I do not know.'

+

+"'It is to keep people out who have no business there. Do you

+see?' He was still smiling in the most amiable manner.

+

+"'I am sure if I had known--'

+

+"'Well, then, you know now. And if you ever put your foot over

+that threshold again'--here in an instant the smile hardened into

+a grin of rage, and he glared down at me with the face of a

+demon--'I'll throw you to the mastiff.'

+

+"I was so terrified that I do not know what I did. I suppose that

+I must have rushed past him into my room. I remember nothing

+until I found myself lying on my bed trembling all over. Then I

+thought of you, Mr. Holmes. I could not live there longer without

+some advice. I was frightened of the house, of the man, of the

+woman, of the servants, even of the child. They were all horrible

+to me. If I could only bring you down all would be well. Of

+course I might have fled from the house, but my curiosity was

+almost as strong as my fears. My mind was soon made up. I would

+send you a wire. I put on my hat and cloak, went down to the

+office, which is about half a mile from the house, and then

+returned, feeling very much easier. A horrible doubt came into my

+mind as I approached the door lest the dog might be loose, but I

+remembered that Toller had drunk himself into a state of

+insensibility that evening, and I knew that he was the only one

+in the household who had any influence with the savage creature,

+or who would venture to set him free. I slipped in in safety and

+lay awake half the night in my joy at the thought of seeing you.

+I had no difficulty in getting leave to come into Winchester this

+morning, but I must be back before three o'clock, for Mr. and

+Mrs. Rucastle are going on a visit, and will be away all the

+evening, so that I must look after the child. Now I have told you

+all my adventures, Mr. Holmes, and I should be very glad if you

+could tell me what it all means, and, above all, what I should

+do."

+

+Holmes and I had listened spellbound to this extraordinary story.

+My friend rose now and paced up and down the room, his hands in

+his pockets, and an expression of the most profound gravity upon

+his face.

+

+"Is Toller still drunk?" he asked.

+

+"Yes. I heard his wife tell Mrs. Rucastle that she could do

+nothing with him."

+

+"That is well. And the Rucastles go out to-night?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+"Is there a cellar with a good strong lock?"

+

+"Yes, the wine-cellar."

+

+"You seem to me to have acted all through this matter like a very

+brave and sensible girl, Miss Hunter. Do you think that you could

+perform one more feat? I should not ask it of you if I did not

+think you a quite exceptional woman."

+

+"I will try. What is it?"

+

+"We shall be at the Copper Beeches by seven o'clock, my friend

+and I. The Rucastles will be gone by that time, and Toller will,

+we hope, be incapable. There only remains Mrs. Toller, who might

+give the alarm. If you could send her into the cellar on some

+errand, and then turn the key upon her, you would facilitate

+matters immensely."

+

+"I will do it."

+

+"Excellent! We shall then look thoroughly into the affair. Of

+course there is only one feasible explanation. You have been

+brought there to personate someone, and the real person is

+imprisoned in this chamber. That is obvious. As to who this

+prisoner is, I have no doubt that it is the daughter, Miss Alice

+Rucastle, if I remember right, who was said to have gone to

+America. You were chosen, doubtless, as resembling her in height,

+figure, and the colour of your hair. Hers had been cut off, very

+possibly in some illness through which she has passed, and so, of

+course, yours had to be sacrificed also. By a curious chance you

+came upon her tresses. The man in the road was undoubtedly some

+friend of hers--possibly her fiancé--and no doubt, as you wore

+the girl's dress and were so like her, he was convinced from your

+laughter, whenever he saw you, and afterwards from your gesture,

+that Miss Rucastle was perfectly happy, and that she no longer

+desired his attentions. The dog is let loose at night to prevent

+him from endeavouring to communicate with her. So much is fairly

+clear. The most serious point in the case is the disposition of

+the child."

+

+"What on earth has that to do with it?" I ejaculated.

+

+"My dear Watson, you as a medical man are continually gaining

+light as to the tendencies of a child by the study of the

+parents. Don't you see that the converse is equally valid. I have

+frequently gained my first real insight into the character of

+parents by studying their children. This child's disposition is

+abnormally cruel, merely for cruelty's sake, and whether he

+derives this from his smiling father, as I should suspect, or

+from his mother, it bodes evil for the poor girl who is in their

+power."

+

+"I am sure that you are right, Mr. Holmes," cried our client. "A

+thousand things come back to me which make me certain that you

+have hit it. Oh, let us lose not an instant in bringing help to

+this poor creature."

+

+"We must be circumspect, for we are dealing with a very cunning

+man. We can do nothing until seven o'clock. At that hour we shall

+be with you, and it will not be long before we solve the

+mystery."

+

+We were as good as our word, for it was just seven when we

+reached the Copper Beeches, having put up our trap at a wayside

+public-house. The group of trees, with their dark leaves shining

+like burnished metal in the light of the setting sun, were

+sufficient to mark the house even had Miss Hunter not been

+standing smiling on the door-step.

+

+"Have you managed it?" asked Holmes.

+

+A loud thudding noise came from somewhere downstairs. "That is

+Mrs. Toller in the cellar," said she. "Her husband lies snoring

+on the kitchen rug. Here are his keys, which are the duplicates

+of Mr. Rucastle's."

+

+"You have done well indeed!" cried Holmes with enthusiasm. "Now

+lead the way, and we shall soon see the end of this black

+business."

+

+We passed up the stair, unlocked the door, followed on down a

+passage, and found ourselves in front of the barricade which Miss

+Hunter had described. Holmes cut the cord and removed the

+transverse bar. Then he tried the various keys in the lock, but

+without success. No sound came from within, and at the silence

+Holmes' face clouded over.

+

+"I trust that we are not too late," said he. "I think, Miss

+Hunter, that we had better go in without you. Now, Watson, put

+your shoulder to it, and we shall see whether we cannot make our

+way in."

+

+It was an old rickety door and gave at once before our united

+strength. Together we rushed into the room. It was empty. There

+was no furniture save a little pallet bed, a small table, and a

+basketful of linen. The skylight above was open, and the prisoner

+gone.

+

+"There has been some villainy here," said Holmes; "this beauty

+has guessed Miss Hunter's intentions and has carried his victim

+off."

+

+"But how?"

+

+"Through the skylight. We shall soon see how he managed it." He

+swung himself up onto the roof. "Ah, yes," he cried, "here's the

+end of a long light ladder against the eaves. That is how he did

+it."

+

+"But it is impossible," said Miss Hunter; "the ladder was not

+there when the Rucastles went away."

+

+"He has come back and done it. I tell you that he is a clever and

+dangerous man. I should not be very much surprised if this were

+he whose step I hear now upon the stair. I think, Watson, that it

+would be as well for you to have your pistol ready."

+

+The words were hardly out of his mouth before a man appeared at

+the door of the room, a very fat and burly man, with a heavy

+stick in his hand. Miss Hunter screamed and shrunk against the

+wall at the sight of him, but Sherlock Holmes sprang forward and

+confronted him.

+

+"You villain!" said he, "where's your daughter?"

+

+The fat man cast his eyes round, and then up at the open

+skylight.

+

+"It is for me to ask you that," he shrieked, "you thieves! Spies

+and thieves! I have caught you, have I? You are in my power. I'll

+serve you!" He turned and clattered down the stairs as hard as he

+could go.

+

+"He's gone for the dog!" cried Miss Hunter.

+

+"I have my revolver," said I.

+

+"Better close the front door," cried Holmes, and we all rushed

+down the stairs together. We had hardly reached the hall when we

+heard the baying of a hound, and then a scream of agony, with a

+horrible worrying sound which it was dreadful to listen to. An

+elderly man with a red face and shaking limbs came staggering out

+at a side door.

+

+"My God!" he cried. "Someone has loosed the dog. It's not been

+fed for two days. Quick, quick, or it'll be too late!"

+

+Holmes and I rushed out and round the angle of the house, with

+Toller hurrying behind us. There was the huge famished brute, its

+black muzzle buried in Rucastle's throat, while he writhed and

+screamed upon the ground. Running up, I blew its brains out, and

+it fell over with its keen white teeth still meeting in the great

+creases of his neck. With much labour we separated them and

+carried him, living but horribly mangled, into the house. We laid

+him upon the drawing-room sofa, and having dispatched the sobered

+Toller to bear the news to his wife, I did what I could to

+relieve his pain. We were all assembled round him when the door

+opened, and a tall, gaunt woman entered the room.

+

+"Mrs. Toller!" cried Miss Hunter.

+

+"Yes, miss. Mr. Rucastle let me out when he came back before he

+went up to you. Ah, miss, it is a pity you didn't let me know

+what you were planning, for I would have told you that your pains

+were wasted."

+

+"Ha!" said Holmes, looking keenly at her. "It is clear that Mrs.

+Toller knows more about this matter than anyone else."

+

+"Yes, sir, I do, and I am ready enough to tell what I know."

+

+"Then, pray, sit down, and let us hear it for there are several

+points on which I must confess that I am still in the dark."

+

+"I will soon make it clear to you," said she; "and I'd have done

+so before now if I could ha' got out from the cellar. If there's

+police-court business over this, you'll remember that I was the

+one that stood your friend, and that I was Miss Alice's friend

+too.

+

+"She was never happy at home, Miss Alice wasn't, from the time

+that her father married again. She was slighted like and had no

+say in anything, but it never really became bad for her until

+after she met Mr. Fowler at a friend's house. As well as I could

+learn, Miss Alice had rights of her own by will, but she was so

+quiet and patient, she was, that she never said a word about them

+but just left everything in Mr. Rucastle's hands. He knew he was

+safe with her; but when there was a chance of a husband coming

+forward, who would ask for all that the law would give him, then

+her father thought it time to put a stop on it. He wanted her to

+sign a paper, so that whether she married or not, he could use

+her money. When she wouldn't do it, he kept on worrying her until

+she got brain-fever, and for six weeks was at death's door. Then

+she got better at last, all worn to a shadow, and with her

+beautiful hair cut off; but that didn't make no change in her

+young man, and he stuck to her as true as man could be."

+

+"Ah," said Holmes, "I think that what you have been good enough

+to tell us makes the matter fairly clear, and that I can deduce

+all that remains. Mr. Rucastle then, I presume, took to this

+system of imprisonment?"

+

+"Yes, sir."

+

+"And brought Miss Hunter down from London in order to get rid of

+the disagreeable persistence of Mr. Fowler."

+

+"That was it, sir."

+

+"But Mr. Fowler being a persevering man, as a good seaman should

+be, blockaded the house, and having met you succeeded by certain

+arguments, metallic or otherwise, in convincing you that your

+interests were the same as his."

+

+"Mr. Fowler was a very kind-spoken, free-handed gentleman," said

+Mrs. Toller serenely.

+

+"And in this way he managed that your good man should have no

+want of drink, and that a ladder should be ready at the moment

+when your master had gone out."

+

+"You have it, sir, just as it happened."

+

+"I am sure we owe you an apology, Mrs. Toller," said Holmes, "for

+you have certainly cleared up everything which puzzled us. And

+here comes the country surgeon and Mrs. Rucastle, so I think,

+Watson, that we had best escort Miss Hunter back to Winchester,

+as it seems to me that our locus standi now is rather a

+questionable one."

+

+And thus was solved the mystery of the sinister house with the

+copper beeches in front of the door. Mr. Rucastle survived, but

+was always a broken man, kept alive solely through the care of

+his devoted wife. They still live with their old servants, who

+probably know so much of Rucastle's past life that he finds it

+difficult to part from them. Mr. Fowler and Miss Rucastle were

+married, by special license, in Southampton the day after their

+flight, and he is now the holder of a government appointment in

+the island of Mauritius. As to Miss Violet Hunter, my friend

+Holmes, rather to my disappointment, manifested no further

+interest in her when once she had ceased to be the centre of one

+of his problems, and she is now the head of a private school at

+Walsall, where I believe that she has met with considerable success.

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, by 

+Arthur Conan Doyle

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diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/data/file2.txt b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/data/file2.txt
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/data/file2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,10216 @@
+Project Gutenberg's Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or

+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

+

+

+Title: Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes

+

+Author: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

+

+Posting Date: July 31, 2008 [EBook #834]

+Release Date: March, 1997

+[This file last updated on August 16, 2010]

+

+Language: English

+

+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF SHERLOCK HOLMES ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by Angela M. Cable

+

+

+

+

+

+MEMOIRS OF SHERLOCK HOLMES

+

+by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

+

+

+

+

+Adventure I. Silver Blaze

+

+

+"I am afraid, Watson, that I shall have to go," said Holmes, as we sat

+down together to our breakfast one morning.

+

+"Go! Where to?"

+

+"To Dartmoor; to King's Pyland."

+

+I was not surprised. Indeed, my only wonder was that he had not already

+been mixed up in this extraordinary case, which was the one topic of

+conversation through the length and breadth of England. For a whole day

+my companion had rambled about the room with his chin upon his chest and

+his brows knitted, charging and recharging his pipe with the strongest

+black tobacco, and absolutely deaf to any of my questions or remarks.

+Fresh editions of every paper had been sent up by our news agent, only

+to be glanced over and tossed down into a corner. Yet, silent as he was,

+I knew perfectly well what it was over which he was brooding. There was

+but one problem before the public which could challenge his powers of

+analysis, and that was the singular disappearance of the favorite for

+the Wessex Cup, and the tragic murder of its trainer. When, therefore,

+he suddenly announced his intention of setting out for the scene of the

+drama it was only what I had both expected and hoped for.

+

+"I should be most happy to go down with you if I should not be in the

+way," said I.

+

+"My dear Watson, you would confer a great favor upon me by coming. And

+I think that your time will not be misspent, for there are points about

+the case which promise to make it an absolutely unique one. We have, I

+think, just time to catch our train at Paddington, and I will go further

+into the matter upon our journey. You would oblige me by bringing with

+you your very excellent field-glass."

+

+And so it happened that an hour or so later I found myself in the

+corner of a first-class carriage flying along en route for Exeter, while

+Sherlock Holmes, with his sharp, eager face framed in his ear-flapped

+travelling-cap, dipped rapidly into the bundle of fresh papers which he

+had procured at Paddington. We had left Reading far behind us before

+he thrust the last one of them under the seat, and offered me his

+cigar-case.

+

+"We are going well," said he, looking out the window and glancing at his

+watch. "Our rate at present is fifty-three and a half miles an hour."

+

+"I have not observed the quarter-mile posts," said I.

+

+"Nor have I. But the telegraph posts upon this line are sixty yards

+apart, and the calculation is a simple one. I presume that you

+have looked into this matter of the murder of John Straker and the

+disappearance of Silver Blaze?"

+

+"I have seen what the Telegraph and the Chronicle have to say."

+

+"It is one of those cases where the art of the reasoner should be

+used rather for the sifting of details than for the acquiring of fresh

+evidence. The tragedy has been so uncommon, so complete and of such

+personal importance to so many people, that we are suffering from a

+plethora of surmise, conjecture, and hypothesis. The difficulty is to

+detach the framework of fact--of absolute undeniable fact--from the

+embellishments of theorists and reporters. Then, having established

+ourselves upon this sound basis, it is our duty to see what inferences

+may be drawn and what are the special points upon which the whole

+mystery turns. On Tuesday evening I received telegrams from both Colonel

+Ross, the owner of the horse, and from Inspector Gregory, who is looking

+after the case, inviting my cooperation."

+

+"Tuesday evening!" I exclaimed. "And this is Thursday morning. Why

+didn't you go down yesterday?"

+

+"Because I made a blunder, my dear Watson--which is, I am afraid, a more

+common occurrence than any one would think who only knew me through your

+memoirs. The fact is that I could not believe it possible that the most

+remarkable horse in England could long remain concealed, especially in

+so sparsely inhabited a place as the north of Dartmoor. From hour to

+hour yesterday I expected to hear that he had been found, and that

+his abductor was the murderer of John Straker. When, however, another

+morning had come, and I found that beyond the arrest of young Fitzroy

+Simpson nothing had been done, I felt that it was time for me to take

+action. Yet in some ways I feel that yesterday has not been wasted."

+

+"You have formed a theory, then?"

+

+"At least I have got a grip of the essential facts of the case. I shall

+enumerate them to you, for nothing clears up a case so much as stating

+it to another person, and I can hardly expect your co-operation if I do

+not show you the position from which we start."

+

+I lay back against the cushions, puffing at my cigar, while Holmes,

+leaning forward, with his long, thin forefinger checking off the points

+upon the palm of his left hand, gave me a sketch of the events which had

+led to our journey.

+

+"Silver Blaze," said he, "is from the Somomy stock, and holds as

+brilliant a record as his famous ancestor. He is now in his fifth year,

+and has brought in turn each of the prizes of the turf to Colonel Ross,

+his fortunate owner. Up to the time of the catastrophe he was the first

+favorite for the Wessex Cup, the betting being three to one on him. He

+has always, however, been a prime favorite with the racing public, and

+has never yet disappointed them, so that even at those odds enormous

+sums of money have been laid upon him. It is obvious, therefore, that

+there were many people who had the strongest interest in preventing

+Silver Blaze from being there at the fall of the flag next Tuesday.

+

+"The fact was, of course, appreciated at King's Pyland, where the

+Colonel's training-stable is situated. Every precaution was taken to

+guard the favorite. The trainer, John Straker, is a retired jockey

+who rode in Colonel Ross's colors before he became too heavy for the

+weighing-chair. He has served the Colonel for five years as jockey and

+for seven as trainer, and has always shown himself to be a zealous and

+honest servant. Under him were three lads; for the establishment was a

+small one, containing only four horses in all. One of these lads sat up

+each night in the stable, while the others slept in the loft. All three

+bore excellent characters. John Straker, who is a married man, lived

+in a small villa about two hundred yards from the stables. He has no

+children, keeps one maid-servant, and is comfortably off. The country

+round is very lonely, but about half a mile to the north there is a

+small cluster of villas which have been built by a Tavistock contractor

+for the use of invalids and others who may wish to enjoy the pure

+Dartmoor air. Tavistock itself lies two miles to the west, while

+across the moor, also about two miles distant, is the larger training

+establishment of Mapleton, which belongs to Lord Backwater, and is

+managed by Silas Brown. In every other direction the moor is a complete

+wilderness, inhabited only by a few roaming gypsies. Such was the

+general situation last Monday night when the catastrophe occurred.

+

+"On that evening the horses had been exercised and watered as usual, and

+the stables were locked up at nine o'clock. Two of the lads walked up

+to the trainer's house, where they had supper in the kitchen, while the

+third, Ned Hunter, remained on guard. At a few minutes after nine

+the maid, Edith Baxter, carried down to the stables his supper, which

+consisted of a dish of curried mutton. She took no liquid, as there was

+a water-tap in the stables, and it was the rule that the lad on duty

+should drink nothing else. The maid carried a lantern with her, as it

+was very dark and the path ran across the open moor.

+

+"Edith Baxter was within thirty yards of the stables, when a man

+appeared out of the darkness and called to her to stop. As he stepped

+into the circle of yellow light thrown by the lantern she saw that he

+was a person of gentlemanly bearing, dressed in a gray suit of tweeds,

+with a cloth cap. He wore gaiters, and carried a heavy stick with a knob

+to it. She was most impressed, however, by the extreme pallor of his

+face and by the nervousness of his manner. His age, she thought, would

+be rather over thirty than under it.

+

+"'Can you tell me where I am?' he asked. 'I had almost made up my mind

+to sleep on the moor, when I saw the light of your lantern.'

+

+"'You are close to the King's Pyland training-stables,' said she.

+

+"'Oh, indeed! What a stroke of luck!' he cried. 'I understand that a

+stable-boy sleeps there alone every night. Perhaps that is his supper

+which you are carrying to him. Now I am sure that you would not be too

+proud to earn the price of a new dress, would you?' He took a piece of

+white paper folded up out of his waistcoat pocket. 'See that the boy

+has this to-night, and you shall have the prettiest frock that money can

+buy.'

+

+"She was frightened by the earnestness of his manner, and ran past him

+to the window through which she was accustomed to hand the meals. It was

+already opened, and Hunter was seated at the small table inside. She had

+begun to tell him of what had happened, when the stranger came up again.

+

+"'Good-evening,' said he, looking through the window. 'I wanted to have

+a word with you.' The girl has sworn that as he spoke she noticed the

+corner of the little paper packet protruding from his closed hand.

+

+"'What business have you here?' asked the lad.

+

+"'It's business that may put something into your pocket,' said the

+other. 'You've two horses in for the Wessex Cup--Silver Blaze and

+Bayard. Let me have the straight tip and you won't be a loser. Is it a

+fact that at the weights Bayard could give the other a hundred yards in

+five furlongs, and that the stable have put their money on him?'

+

+"'So, you're one of those damned touts!' cried the lad. 'I'll show you

+how we serve them in King's Pyland.' He sprang up and rushed across the

+stable to unloose the dog. The girl fled away to the house, but as she

+ran she looked back and saw that the stranger was leaning through the

+window. A minute later, however, when Hunter rushed out with the hound

+he was gone, and though he ran all round the buildings he failed to find

+any trace of him."

+

+"One moment," I asked. "Did the stable-boy, when he ran out with the

+dog, leave the door unlocked behind him?"

+

+"Excellent, Watson, excellent!" murmured my companion. "The importance

+of the point struck me so forcibly that I sent a special wire to

+Dartmoor yesterday to clear the matter up. The boy locked the door

+before he left it. The window, I may add, was not large enough for a man

+to get through.

+

+"Hunter waited until his fellow-grooms had returned, when he sent a

+message to the trainer and told him what had occurred. Straker was

+excited at hearing the account, although he does not seem to have quite

+realized its true significance. It left him, however, vaguely uneasy,

+and Mrs. Straker, waking at one in the morning, found that he was

+dressing. In reply to her inquiries, he said that he could not sleep on

+account of his anxiety about the horses, and that he intended to walk

+down to the stables to see that all was well. She begged him to remain

+at home, as she could hear the rain pattering against the window, but in

+spite of her entreaties he pulled on his large mackintosh and left the

+house.

+

+"Mrs. Straker awoke at seven in the morning, to find that her husband

+had not yet returned. She dressed herself hastily, called the maid, and

+set off for the stables. The door was open; inside, huddled together

+upon a chair, Hunter was sunk in a state of absolute stupor, the

+favorite's stall was empty, and there were no signs of his trainer.

+

+"The two lads who slept in the chaff-cutting loft above the harness-room

+were quickly aroused. They had heard nothing during the night, for they

+are both sound sleepers. Hunter was obviously under the influence of

+some powerful drug, and as no sense could be got out of him, he was left

+to sleep it off while the two lads and the two women ran out in search

+of the absentees. They still had hopes that the trainer had for some

+reason taken out the horse for early exercise, but on ascending the

+knoll near the house, from which all the neighboring moors were visible,

+they not only could see no signs of the missing favorite, but they

+perceived something which warned them that they were in the presence of

+a tragedy.

+

+"About a quarter of a mile from the stables John Straker's overcoat was

+flapping from a furze-bush. Immediately beyond there was a bowl-shaped

+depression in the moor, and at the bottom of this was found the dead

+body of the unfortunate trainer. His head had been shattered by a savage

+blow from some heavy weapon, and he was wounded on the thigh, where

+there was a long, clean cut, inflicted evidently by some very sharp

+instrument. It was clear, however, that Straker had defended himself

+vigorously against his assailants, for in his right hand he held a small

+knife, which was clotted with blood up to the handle, while in his left

+he clasped a red and black silk cravat, which was recognized by the maid

+as having been worn on the preceding evening by the stranger who had

+visited the stables. Hunter, on recovering from his stupor, was also

+quite positive as to the ownership of the cravat. He was equally certain

+that the same stranger had, while standing at the window, drugged his

+curried mutton, and so deprived the stables of their watchman. As to the

+missing horse, there were abundant proofs in the mud which lay at the

+bottom of the fatal hollow that he had been there at the time of the

+struggle. But from that morning he has disappeared, and although a large

+reward has been offered, and all the gypsies of Dartmoor are on the

+alert, no news has come of him. Finally, an analysis has shown that

+the remains of his supper left by the stable-lad contain an appreciable

+quantity of powdered opium, while the people at the house partook of the

+same dish on the same night without any ill effect.

+

+"Those are the main facts of the case, stripped of all surmise, and

+stated as baldly as possible. I shall now recapitulate what the police

+have done in the matter.

+

+"Inspector Gregory, to whom the case has been committed, is an extremely

+competent officer. Were he but gifted with imagination he might rise to

+great heights in his profession. On his arrival he promptly found and

+arrested the man upon whom suspicion naturally rested. There was little

+difficulty in finding him, for he inhabited one of those villas which I

+have mentioned. His name, it appears, was Fitzroy Simpson. He was a man

+of excellent birth and education, who had squandered a fortune upon the

+turf, and who lived now by doing a little quiet and genteel book-making

+in the sporting clubs of London. An examination of his betting-book

+shows that bets to the amount of five thousand pounds had been

+registered by him against the favorite. On being arrested he volunteered

+that statement that he had come down to Dartmoor in the hope of

+getting some information about the King's Pyland horses, and also about

+Desborough, the second favorite, which was in charge of Silas Brown at

+the Mapleton stables. He did not attempt to deny that he had acted as

+described upon the evening before, but declared that he had no sinister

+designs, and had simply wished to obtain first-hand information. When

+confronted with his cravat, he turned very pale, and was utterly unable

+to account for its presence in the hand of the murdered man. His wet

+clothing showed that he had been out in the storm of the night before,

+and his stick, which was a Penang-lawyer weighted with lead, was just

+such a weapon as might, by repeated blows, have inflicted the terrible

+injuries to which the trainer had succumbed. On the other hand, there

+was no wound upon his person, while the state of Straker's knife would

+show that one at least of his assailants must bear his mark upon him.

+There you have it all in a nutshell, Watson, and if you can give me any

+light I shall be infinitely obliged to you."

+

+I had listened with the greatest interest to the statement which Holmes,

+with characteristic clearness, had laid before me. Though most of the

+facts were familiar to me, I had not sufficiently appreciated their

+relative importance, nor their connection to each other.

+

+"Is it not possible," I suggested, "that the incised wound upon Straker

+may have been caused by his own knife in the convulsive struggles which

+follow any brain injury?"

+

+"It is more than possible; it is probable," said Holmes. "In that case

+one of the main points in favor of the accused disappears."

+

+"And yet," said I, "even now I fail to understand what the theory of the

+police can be."

+

+"I am afraid that whatever theory we state has very grave objections to

+it," returned my companion. "The police imagine, I take it, that this

+Fitzroy Simpson, having drugged the lad, and having in some way obtained

+a duplicate key, opened the stable door and took out the horse, with

+the intention, apparently, of kidnapping him altogether. His bridle is

+missing, so that Simpson must have put this on. Then, having left the

+door open behind him, he was leading the horse away over the moor, when

+he was either met or overtaken by the trainer. A row naturally ensued.

+Simpson beat out the trainer's brains with his heavy stick without

+receiving any injury from the small knife which Straker used in

+self-defence, and then the thief either led the horse on to some secret

+hiding-place, or else it may have bolted during the struggle, and be

+now wandering out on the moors. That is the case as it appears to

+the police, and improbable as it is, all other explanations are more

+improbable still. However, I shall very quickly test the matter when I

+am once upon the spot, and until then I cannot really see how we can get

+much further than our present position."

+

+It was evening before we reached the little town of Tavistock, which

+lies, like the boss of a shield, in the middle of the huge circle of

+Dartmoor. Two gentlemen were awaiting us in the station--the one a tall,

+fair man with lion-like hair and beard and curiously penetrating light

+blue eyes; the other a small, alert person, very neat and dapper, in a

+frock-coat and gaiters, with trim little side-whiskers and an eye-glass.

+The latter was Colonel Ross, the well-known sportsman; the other,

+Inspector Gregory, a man who was rapidly making his name in the English

+detective service.

+

+"I am delighted that you have come down, Mr. Holmes," said the Colonel.

+"The Inspector here has done all that could possibly be suggested, but I

+wish to leave no stone unturned in trying to avenge poor Straker and in

+recovering my horse."

+

+"Have there been any fresh developments?" asked Holmes.

+

+"I am sorry to say that we have made very little progress," said the

+Inspector. "We have an open carriage outside, and as you would no doubt

+like to see the place before the light fails, we might talk it over as

+we drive."

+

+A minute later we were all seated in a comfortable landau, and were

+rattling through the quaint old Devonshire city. Inspector Gregory was

+full of his case, and poured out a stream of remarks, while Holmes threw

+in an occasional question or interjection. Colonel Ross leaned back with

+his arms folded and his hat tilted over his eyes, while I listened with

+interest to the dialogue of the two detectives. Gregory was formulating

+his theory, which was almost exactly what Holmes had foretold in the

+train.

+

+"The net is drawn pretty close round Fitzroy Simpson," he remarked, "and

+I believe myself that he is our man. At the same time I recognize that

+the evidence is purely circumstantial, and that some new development may

+upset it."

+

+"How about Straker's knife?"

+

+"We have quite come to the conclusion that he wounded himself in his

+fall."

+

+"My friend Dr. Watson made that suggestion to me as we came down. If so,

+it would tell against this man Simpson."

+

+"Undoubtedly. He has neither a knife nor any sign of a wound. The

+evidence against him is certainly very strong. He had a great interest

+in the disappearance of the favorite. He lies under suspicion of having

+poisoned the stable-boy, he was undoubtedly out in the storm, he was

+armed with a heavy stick, and his cravat was found in the dead man's

+hand. I really think we have enough to go before a jury."

+

+Holmes shook his head. "A clever counsel would tear it all to rags,"

+said he. "Why should he take the horse out of the stable? If he wished

+to injure it why could he not do it there? Has a duplicate key been

+found in his possession? What chemist sold him the powdered opium? Above

+all, where could he, a stranger to the district, hide a horse, and such

+a horse as this? What is his own explanation as to the paper which he

+wished the maid to give to the stable-boy?"

+

+"He says that it was a ten-pound note. One was found in his purse. But

+your other difficulties are not so formidable as they seem. He is not

+a stranger to the district. He has twice lodged at Tavistock in the

+summer. The opium was probably brought from London. The key, having

+served its purpose, would be hurled away. The horse may be at the bottom

+of one of the pits or old mines upon the moor."

+

+"What does he say about the cravat?"

+

+"He acknowledges that it is his, and declares that he had lost it. But a

+new element has been introduced into the case which may account for his

+leading the horse from the stable."

+

+Holmes pricked up his ears.

+

+"We have found traces which show that a party of gypsies encamped on

+Monday night within a mile of the spot where the murder took place. On

+Tuesday they were gone. Now, presuming that there was some understanding

+between Simpson and these gypsies, might he not have been leading the

+horse to them when he was overtaken, and may they not have him now?"

+

+"It is certainly possible."

+

+"The moor is being scoured for these gypsies. I have also examined every

+stable and out-house in Tavistock, and for a radius of ten miles."

+

+"There is another training-stable quite close, I understand?"

+

+"Yes, and that is a factor which we must certainly not neglect. As

+Desborough, their horse, was second in the betting, they had an interest

+in the disappearance of the favorite. Silas Brown, the trainer, is known

+to have had large bets upon the event, and he was no friend to poor

+Straker. We have, however, examined the stables, and there is nothing to

+connect him with the affair."

+

+"And nothing to connect this man Simpson with the interests of the

+Mapleton stables?"

+

+"Nothing at all."

+

+Holmes leaned back in the carriage, and the conversation ceased. A few

+minutes later our driver pulled up at a neat little red-brick villa with

+overhanging eaves which stood by the road. Some distance off, across a

+paddock, lay a long gray-tiled out-building. In every other direction

+the low curves of the moor, bronze-colored from the fading ferns,

+stretched away to the sky-line, broken only by the steeples of

+Tavistock, and by a cluster of houses away to the westward which marked

+the Mapleton stables. We all sprang out with the exception of Holmes,

+who continued to lean back with his eyes fixed upon the sky in front of

+him, entirely absorbed in his own thoughts. It was only when I touched

+his arm that he roused himself with a violent start and stepped out of

+the carriage.

+

+"Excuse me," said he, turning to Colonel Ross, who had looked at him in

+some surprise. "I was day-dreaming." There was a gleam in his eyes and a

+suppressed excitement in his manner which convinced me, used as I was

+to his ways, that his hand was upon a clue, though I could not imagine

+where he had found it.

+

+"Perhaps you would prefer at once to go on to the scene of the crime,

+Mr. Holmes?" said Gregory.

+

+"I think that I should prefer to stay here a little and go into one or

+two questions of detail. Straker was brought back here, I presume?"

+

+"Yes; he lies upstairs. The inquest is to-morrow."

+

+"He has been in your service some years, Colonel Ross?"

+

+"I have always found him an excellent servant."

+

+"I presume that you made an inventory of what he had in his pockets at

+the time of his death, Inspector?"

+

+"I have the things themselves in the sitting-room, if you would care to

+see them."

+

+"I should be very glad." We all filed into the front room and sat round

+the central table while the Inspector unlocked a square tin box and laid

+a small heap of things before us. There was a box of vestas, two inches

+of tallow candle, an A D P brier-root pipe, a pouch of seal-skin with

+half an ounce of long-cut Cavendish, a silver watch with a gold chain,

+five sovereigns in gold, an aluminum pencil-case, a few papers, and an

+ivory-handled knife with a very delicate, inflexible blade marked Weiss

+& Co., London.

+

+"This is a very singular knife," said Holmes, lifting it up and

+examining it minutely. "I presume, as I see blood-stains upon it, that

+it is the one which was found in the dead man's grasp. Watson, this

+knife is surely in your line?"

+

+"It is what we call a cataract knife," said I.

+

+"I thought so. A very delicate blade devised for very delicate work.

+A strange thing for a man to carry with him upon a rough expedition,

+especially as it would not shut in his pocket."

+

+"The tip was guarded by a disk of cork which we found beside his body,"

+said the Inspector. "His wife tells us that the knife had lain upon the

+dressing-table, and that he had picked it up as he left the room. It was

+a poor weapon, but perhaps the best that he could lay his hands on at

+the moment."

+

+"Very possible. How about these papers?"

+

+"Three of them are receipted hay-dealers' accounts. One of them is a

+letter of instructions from Colonel Ross. This other is a milliner's

+account for thirty-seven pounds fifteen made out by Madame Lesurier,

+of Bond Street, to William Derbyshire. Mrs. Straker tells us that

+Derbyshire was a friend of her husband's and that occasionally his

+letters were addressed here."

+

+"Madam Derbyshire had somewhat expensive tastes," remarked Holmes,

+glancing down the account. "Twenty-two guineas is rather heavy for a

+single costume. However there appears to be nothing more to learn, and

+we may now go down to the scene of the crime."

+

+As we emerged from the sitting-room a woman, who had been waiting in

+the passage, took a step forward and laid her hand upon the Inspector's

+sleeve. Her face was haggard and thin and eager, stamped with the print

+of a recent horror.

+

+"Have you got them? Have you found them?" she panted.

+

+"No, Mrs. Straker. But Mr. Holmes here has come from London to help us,

+and we shall do all that is possible."

+

+"Surely I met you in Plymouth at a garden-party some little time ago,

+Mrs. Straker?" said Holmes.

+

+"No, sir; you are mistaken."

+

+"Dear me! Why, I could have sworn to it. You wore a costume of

+dove-colored silk with ostrich-feather trimming."

+

+"I never had such a dress, sir," answered the lady.

+

+"Ah, that quite settles it," said Holmes. And with an apology he

+followed the Inspector outside. A short walk across the moor took us to

+the hollow in which the body had been found. At the brink of it was the

+furze-bush upon which the coat had been hung.

+

+"There was no wind that night, I understand," said Holmes.

+

+"None; but very heavy rain."

+

+"In that case the overcoat was not blown against the furze-bush, but

+placed there."

+

+"Yes, it was laid across the bush."

+

+"You fill me with interest, I perceive that the ground has been trampled

+up a good deal. No doubt many feet have been here since Monday night."

+

+"A piece of matting has been laid here at the side, and we have all

+stood upon that."

+

+"Excellent."

+

+"In this bag I have one of the boots which Straker wore, one of Fitzroy

+Simpson's shoes, and a cast horseshoe of Silver Blaze."

+

+"My dear Inspector, you surpass yourself!" Holmes took the bag, and,

+descending into the hollow, he pushed the matting into a more central

+position. Then stretching himself upon his face and leaning his chin

+upon his hands, he made a careful study of the trampled mud in front of

+him. "Hullo!" said he, suddenly. "What's this?" It was a wax vesta half

+burned, which was so coated with mud that it looked at first like a

+little chip of wood.

+

+"I cannot think how I came to overlook it," said the Inspector, with an

+expression of annoyance.

+

+"It was invisible, buried in the mud. I only saw it because I was

+looking for it."

+

+"What! You expected to find it?"

+

+"I thought it not unlikely."

+

+He took the boots from the bag, and compared the impressions of each of

+them with marks upon the ground. Then he clambered up to the rim of the

+hollow, and crawled about among the ferns and bushes.

+

+"I am afraid that there are no more tracks," said the Inspector. "I

+have examined the ground very carefully for a hundred yards in each

+direction."

+

+"Indeed!" said Holmes, rising. "I should not have the impertinence to

+do it again after what you say. But I should like to take a little walk

+over the moor before it grows dark, that I may know my ground to-morrow,

+and I think that I shall put this horseshoe into my pocket for luck."

+

+Colonel Ross, who had shown some signs of impatience at my companion's

+quiet and systematic method of work, glanced at his watch. "I wish you

+would come back with me, Inspector," said he. "There are several points

+on which I should like your advice, and especially as to whether we do

+not owe it to the public to remove our horse's name from the entries for

+the Cup."

+

+"Certainly not," cried Holmes, with decision. "I should let the name

+stand."

+

+The Colonel bowed. "I am very glad to have had your opinion, sir," said

+he. "You will find us at poor Straker's house when you have finished

+your walk, and we can drive together into Tavistock."

+

+He turned back with the Inspector, while Holmes and I walked slowly

+across the moor. The sun was beginning to sink behind the stables of

+Mapleton, and the long, sloping plain in front of us was tinged with

+gold, deepening into rich, ruddy browns where the faded ferns and

+brambles caught the evening light. But the glories of the landscape were

+all wasted upon my companion, who was sunk in the deepest thought.

+

+"It's this way, Watson," said he at last. "We may leave the question

+of who killed John Straker for the instant, and confine ourselves to

+finding out what has become of the horse. Now, supposing that he broke

+away during or after the tragedy, where could he have gone to? The horse

+is a very gregarious creature. If left to himself his instincts would

+have been either to return to King's Pyland or go over to Mapleton. Why

+should he run wild upon the moor? He would surely have been seen by now.

+And why should gypsies kidnap him? These people always clear out when

+they hear of trouble, for they do not wish to be pestered by the police.

+They could not hope to sell such a horse. They would run a great risk

+and gain nothing by taking him. Surely that is clear."

+

+"Where is he, then?"

+

+"I have already said that he must have gone to King's Pyland or to

+Mapleton. He is not at King's Pyland. Therefore he is at Mapleton. Let

+us take that as a working hypothesis and see what it leads us to. This

+part of the moor, as the Inspector remarked, is very hard and dry. But

+it falls away towards Mapleton, and you can see from here that there

+is a long hollow over yonder, which must have been very wet on Monday

+night. If our supposition is correct, then the horse must have crossed

+that, and there is the point where we should look for his tracks."

+

+We had been walking briskly during this conversation, and a few more

+minutes brought us to the hollow in question. At Holmes' request I

+walked down the bank to the right, and he to the left, but I had not

+taken fifty paces before I heard him give a shout, and saw him waving

+his hand to me. The track of a horse was plainly outlined in the soft

+earth in front of him, and the shoe which he took from his pocket

+exactly fitted the impression.

+

+"See the value of imagination," said Holmes. "It is the one quality

+which Gregory lacks. We imagined what might have happened, acted upon

+the supposition, and find ourselves justified. Let us proceed."

+

+We crossed the marshy bottom and passed over a quarter of a mile of dry,

+hard turf. Again the ground sloped, and again we came on the tracks.

+Then we lost them for half a mile, but only to pick them up once more

+quite close to Mapleton. It was Holmes who saw them first, and he stood

+pointing with a look of triumph upon his face. A man's track was visible

+beside the horse's.

+

+"The horse was alone before," I cried.

+

+"Quite so. It was alone before. Hullo, what is this?"

+

+The double track turned sharp off and took the direction of King's

+Pyland. Holmes whistled, and we both followed along after it. His eyes

+were on the trail, but I happened to look a little to one side, and

+saw to my surprise the same tracks coming back again in the opposite

+direction.

+

+"One for you, Watson," said Holmes, when I pointed it out. "You have

+saved us a long walk, which would have brought us back on our own

+traces. Let us follow the return track."

+

+We had not to go far. It ended at the paving of asphalt which led up

+to the gates of the Mapleton stables. As we approached, a groom ran out

+from them.

+

+"We don't want any loiterers about here," said he.

+

+"I only wished to ask a question," said Holmes, with his finger and

+thumb in his waistcoat pocket. "Should I be too early to see your

+master, Mr. Silas Brown, if I were to call at five o'clock to-morrow

+morning?"

+

+"Bless you, sir, if any one is about he will be, for he is always

+the first stirring. But here he is, sir, to answer your questions for

+himself. No, sir, no; it is as much as my place is worth to let him see

+me touch your money. Afterwards, if you like."

+

+As Sherlock Holmes replaced the half-crown which he had drawn from his

+pocket, a fierce-looking elderly man strode out from the gate with a

+hunting-crop swinging in his hand.

+

+"What's this, Dawson!" he cried. "No gossiping! Go about your business!

+And you, what the devil do you want here?"

+

+"Ten minutes' talk with you, my good sir," said Holmes in the sweetest

+of voices.

+

+"I've no time to talk to every gadabout. We want no stranger here. Be

+off, or you may find a dog at your heels."

+

+Holmes leaned forward and whispered something in the trainer's ear. He

+started violently and flushed to the temples.

+

+"It's a lie!" he shouted, "an infernal lie!"

+

+"Very good. Shall we argue about it here in public or talk it over in

+your parlor?"

+

+"Oh, come in if you wish to."

+

+Holmes smiled. "I shall not keep you more than a few minutes, Watson,"

+said he. "Now, Mr. Brown, I am quite at your disposal."

+

+It was twenty minutes, and the reds had all faded into grays before

+Holmes and the trainer reappeared. Never have I seen such a change as

+had been brought about in Silas Brown in that short time. His face was

+ashy pale, beads of perspiration shone upon his brow, and his hands

+shook until the hunting-crop wagged like a branch in the wind. His

+bullying, overbearing manner was all gone too, and he cringed along at

+my companion's side like a dog with its master.

+

+"Your instructions will be done. It shall all be done," said he.

+

+"There must be no mistake," said Holmes, looking round at him. The other

+winced as he read the menace in his eyes.

+

+"Oh no, there shall be no mistake. It shall be there. Should I change it

+first or not?"

+

+Holmes thought a little and then burst out laughing. "No, don't," said

+he; "I shall write to you about it. No tricks, now, or--"

+

+"Oh, you can trust me, you can trust me!"

+

+"Yes, I think I can. Well, you shall hear from me to-morrow." He turned

+upon his heel, disregarding the trembling hand which the other held out

+to him, and we set off for King's Pyland.

+

+"A more perfect compound of the bully, coward, and sneak than Master

+Silas Brown I have seldom met with," remarked Holmes as we trudged along

+together.

+

+"He has the horse, then?"

+

+"He tried to bluster out of it, but I described to him so exactly what

+his actions had been upon that morning that he is convinced that I was

+watching him. Of course you observed the peculiarly square toes in the

+impressions, and that his own boots exactly corresponded to them.

+Again, of course no subordinate would have dared to do such a thing.

+I described to him how, when according to his custom he was the first

+down, he perceived a strange horse wandering over the moor. How he went

+out to it, and his astonishment at recognizing, from the white forehead

+which has given the favorite its name, that chance had put in his power

+the only horse which could beat the one upon which he had put his money.

+Then I described how his first impulse had been to lead him back to

+King's Pyland, and how the devil had shown him how he could hide the

+horse until the race was over, and how he had led it back and concealed

+it at Mapleton. When I told him every detail he gave it up and thought

+only of saving his own skin."

+

+"But his stables had been searched?"

+

+"Oh, an old horse-faker like him has many a dodge."

+

+"But are you not afraid to leave the horse in his power now, since he

+has every interest in injuring it?"

+

+"My dear fellow, he will guard it as the apple of his eye. He knows that

+his only hope of mercy is to produce it safe."

+

+"Colonel Ross did not impress me as a man who would be likely to show

+much mercy in any case."

+

+"The matter does not rest with Colonel Ross. I follow my own methods,

+and tell as much or as little as I choose. That is the advantage of

+being unofficial. I don't know whether you observed it, Watson, but the

+Colonel's manner has been just a trifle cavalier to me. I am inclined

+now to have a little amusement at his expense. Say nothing to him about

+the horse."

+

+"Certainly not without your permission."

+

+"And of course this is all quite a minor point compared to the question

+of who killed John Straker."

+

+"And you will devote yourself to that?"

+

+"On the contrary, we both go back to London by the night train."

+

+I was thunderstruck by my friend's words. We had only been a few hours

+in Devonshire, and that he should give up an investigation which he had

+begun so brilliantly was quite incomprehensible to me. Not a word more

+could I draw from him until we were back at the trainer's house. The

+Colonel and the Inspector were awaiting us in the parlor.

+

+"My friend and I return to town by the night-express," said Holmes. "We

+have had a charming little breath of your beautiful Dartmoor air."

+

+The Inspector opened his eyes, and the Colonel's lip curled in a sneer.

+

+"So you despair of arresting the murderer of poor Straker," said he.

+

+Holmes shrugged his shoulders. "There are certainly grave difficulties

+in the way," said he. "I have every hope, however, that your horse

+will start upon Tuesday, and I beg that you will have your jockey in

+readiness. Might I ask for a photograph of Mr. John Straker?"

+

+The Inspector took one from an envelope and handed it to him.

+

+"My dear Gregory, you anticipate all my wants. If I might ask you to

+wait here for an instant, I have a question which I should like to put

+to the maid."

+

+"I must say that I am rather disappointed in our London consultant,"

+said Colonel Ross, bluntly, as my friend left the room. "I do not see

+that we are any further than when he came."

+

+"At least you have his assurance that your horse will run," said I.

+

+"Yes, I have his assurance," said the Colonel, with a shrug of his

+shoulders. "I should prefer to have the horse."

+

+I was about to make some reply in defence of my friend when he entered

+the room again.

+

+"Now, gentlemen," said he, "I am quite ready for Tavistock."

+

+As we stepped into the carriage one of the stable-lads held the door

+open for us. A sudden idea seemed to occur to Holmes, for he leaned

+forward and touched the lad upon the sleeve.

+

+"You have a few sheep in the paddock," he said. "Who attends to them?"

+

+"I do, sir."

+

+"Have you noticed anything amiss with them of late?"

+

+"Well, sir, not of much account; but three of them have gone lame, sir."

+

+I could see that Holmes was extremely pleased, for he chuckled and

+rubbed his hands together.

+

+"A long shot, Watson; a very long shot," said he, pinching my arm.

+"Gregory, let me recommend to your attention this singular epidemic

+among the sheep. Drive on, coachman!"

+

+Colonel Ross still wore an expression which showed the poor opinion

+which he had formed of my companion's ability, but I saw by the

+Inspector's face that his attention had been keenly aroused.

+

+"You consider that to be important?" he asked.

+

+"Exceedingly so."

+

+"Is there any point to which you would wish to draw my attention?"

+

+"To the curious incident of the dog in the night-time."

+

+"The dog did nothing in the night-time."

+

+"That was the curious incident," remarked Sherlock Holmes.

+

+

+Four days later Holmes and I were again in the train, bound for

+Winchester to see the race for the Wessex Cup. Colonel Ross met us by

+appointment outside the station, and we drove in his drag to the course

+beyond the town. His face was grave, and his manner was cold in the

+extreme.

+

+"I have seen nothing of my horse," said he.

+

+"I suppose that you would know him when you saw him?" asked Holmes.

+

+The Colonel was very angry. "I have been on the turf for twenty years,

+and never was asked such a question as that before," said he. "A

+child would know Silver Blaze, with his white forehead and his mottled

+off-foreleg."

+

+"How is the betting?"

+

+"Well, that is the curious part of it. You could have got fifteen to one

+yesterday, but the price has become shorter and shorter, until you can

+hardly get three to one now."

+

+"Hum!" said Holmes. "Somebody knows something, that is clear."

+

+As the drag drew up in the enclosure near the grand stand I glanced at

+the card to see the entries.

+

+Wessex Plate [it ran] 50 sovs each h ft with 1000 sovs added for four

+and five year olds. Second, L300. Third, L200. New course (one mile and

+five furlongs). Mr. Heath Newton's The Negro. Red cap. Cinnamon jacket.

+Colonel Wardlaw's Pugilist. Pink cap. Blue and black jacket. Lord

+Backwater's Desborough. Yellow cap and sleeves. Colonel Ross's Silver

+Blaze. Black cap. Red jacket. Duke of Balmoral's Iris. Yellow and black

+stripes. Lord Singleford's Rasper. Purple cap. Black sleeves.

+

+"We scratched our other one, and put all hopes on your word," said the

+Colonel. "Why, what is that? Silver Blaze favorite?"

+

+"Five to four against Silver Blaze!" roared the ring. "Five to four

+against Silver Blaze! Five to fifteen against Desborough! Five to four

+on the field!"

+

+"There are the numbers up," I cried. "They are all six there."

+

+"All six there? Then my horse is running," cried the Colonel in great

+agitation. "But I don't see him. My colors have not passed."

+

+"Only five have passed. This must be he."

+

+As I spoke a powerful bay horse swept out from the weighing enclosure

+and cantered past us, bearing on its back the well-known black and red

+of the Colonel.

+

+"That's not my horse," cried the owner. "That beast has not a white hair

+upon its body. What is this that you have done, Mr. Holmes?"

+

+"Well, well, let us see how he gets on," said my friend, imperturbably.

+For a few minutes he gazed through my field-glass. "Capital! An

+excellent start!" he cried suddenly. "There they are, coming round the

+curve!"

+

+From our drag we had a superb view as they came up the straight. The six

+horses were so close together that a carpet could have covered them,

+but half way up the yellow of the Mapleton stable showed to the front.

+Before they reached us, however, Desborough's bolt was shot, and the

+Colonel's horse, coming away with a rush, passed the post a good six

+lengths before its rival, the Duke of Balmoral's Iris making a bad

+third.

+

+"It's my race, anyhow," gasped the Colonel, passing his hand over his

+eyes. "I confess that I can make neither head nor tail of it. Don't you

+think that you have kept up your mystery long enough, Mr. Holmes?"

+

+"Certainly, Colonel, you shall know everything. Let us all go round and

+have a look at the horse together. Here he is," he continued, as we made

+our way into the weighing enclosure, where only owners and their friends

+find admittance. "You have only to wash his face and his leg in spirits

+of wine, and you will find that he is the same old Silver Blaze as

+ever."

+

+"You take my breath away!"

+

+"I found him in the hands of a faker, and took the liberty of running

+him just as he was sent over."

+

+"My dear sir, you have done wonders. The horse looks very fit and well.

+It never went better in its life. I owe you a thousand apologies

+for having doubted your ability. You have done me a great service by

+recovering my horse. You would do me a greater still if you could lay

+your hands on the murderer of John Straker."

+

+"I have done so," said Holmes quietly.

+

+The Colonel and I stared at him in amazement. "You have got him! Where

+is he, then?"

+

+"He is here."

+

+"Here! Where?"

+

+"In my company at the present moment."

+

+The Colonel flushed angrily. "I quite recognize that I am under

+obligations to you, Mr. Holmes," said he, "but I must regard what you

+have just said as either a very bad joke or an insult."

+

+Sherlock Holmes laughed. "I assure you that I have not associated

+you with the crime, Colonel," said he. "The real murderer is standing

+immediately behind you." He stepped past and laid his hand upon the

+glossy neck of the thoroughbred.

+

+"The horse!" cried both the Colonel and myself.

+

+"Yes, the horse. And it may lessen his guilt if I say that it was

+done in self-defence, and that John Straker was a man who was entirely

+unworthy of your confidence. But there goes the bell, and as I stand

+to win a little on this next race, I shall defer a lengthy explanation

+until a more fitting time."

+

+

+

+We had the corner of a Pullman car to ourselves that evening as we

+whirled back to London, and I fancy that the journey was a short one

+to Colonel Ross as well as to myself, as we listened to our

+companion's narrative of the events which had occurred at the Dartmoor

+training-stables upon the Monday night, and the means by which he had

+unravelled them.

+

+"I confess," said he, "that any theories which I had formed from

+the newspaper reports were entirely erroneous. And yet there were

+indications there, had they not been overlaid by other details which

+concealed their true import. I went to Devonshire with the conviction

+that Fitzroy Simpson was the true culprit, although, of course, I saw

+that the evidence against him was by no means complete. It was while I

+was in the carriage, just as we reached the trainer's house, that the

+immense significance of the curried mutton occurred to me. You may

+remember that I was distrait, and remained sitting after you had all

+alighted. I was marvelling in my own mind how I could possibly have

+overlooked so obvious a clue."

+

+"I confess," said the Colonel, "that even now I cannot see how it helps

+us."

+

+"It was the first link in my chain of reasoning. Powdered opium is by no

+means tasteless. The flavor is not disagreeable, but it is perceptible.

+Were it mixed with any ordinary dish the eater would undoubtedly detect

+it, and would probably eat no more. A curry was exactly the medium

+which would disguise this taste. By no possible supposition could

+this stranger, Fitzroy Simpson, have caused curry to be served in

+the trainer's family that night, and it is surely too monstrous a

+coincidence to suppose that he happened to come along with powdered

+opium upon the very night when a dish happened to be served which would

+disguise the flavor. That is unthinkable. Therefore Simpson becomes

+eliminated from the case, and our attention centers upon Straker and

+his wife, the only two people who could have chosen curried mutton for

+supper that night. The opium was added after the dish was set aside

+for the stable-boy, for the others had the same for supper with no ill

+effects. Which of them, then, had access to that dish without the maid

+seeing them?

+

+"Before deciding that question I had grasped the significance of the

+silence of the dog, for one true inference invariably suggests others.

+The Simpson incident had shown me that a dog was kept in the stables,

+and yet, though some one had been in and had fetched out a horse, he

+had not barked enough to arouse the two lads in the loft. Obviously the

+midnight visitor was some one whom the dog knew well.

+

+"I was already convinced, or almost convinced, that John Straker went

+down to the stables in the dead of the night and took out Silver Blaze.

+For what purpose? For a dishonest one, obviously, or why should he drug

+his own stable-boy? And yet I was at a loss to know why. There have been

+cases before now where trainers have made sure of great sums of money

+by laying against their own horses, through agents, and then preventing

+them from winning by fraud. Sometimes it is a pulling jockey. Sometimes

+it is some surer and subtler means. What was it here? I hoped that the

+contents of his pockets might help me to form a conclusion.

+

+"And they did so. You cannot have forgotten the singular knife which was

+found in the dead man's hand, a knife which certainly no sane man would

+choose for a weapon. It was, as Dr. Watson told us, a form of knife

+which is used for the most delicate operations known in surgery. And it

+was to be used for a delicate operation that night. You must know, with

+your wide experience of turf matters, Colonel Ross, that it is possible

+to make a slight nick upon the tendons of a horse's ham, and to do it

+subcutaneously, so as to leave absolutely no trace. A horse so treated

+would develop a slight lameness, which would be put down to a strain in

+exercise or a touch of rheumatism, but never to foul play."

+

+"Villain! Scoundrel!" cried the Colonel.

+

+"We have here the explanation of why John Straker wished to take the

+horse out on to the moor. So spirited a creature would have certainly

+roused the soundest of sleepers when it felt the prick of the knife. It

+was absolutely necessary to do it in the open air."

+

+"I have been blind!" cried the Colonel. "Of course that was why he

+needed the candle, and struck the match."

+

+"Undoubtedly. But in examining his belongings I was fortunate enough to

+discover not only the method of the crime, but even its motives. As a

+man of the world, Colonel, you know that men do not carry other people's

+bills about in their pockets. We have most of us quite enough to do to

+settle our own. I at once concluded that Straker was leading a double

+life, and keeping a second establishment. The nature of the bill showed

+that there was a lady in the case, and one who had expensive tastes.

+Liberal as you are with your servants, one can hardly expect that they

+can buy twenty-guinea walking dresses for their ladies. I questioned

+Mrs. Straker as to the dress without her knowing it, and having

+satisfied myself that it had never reached her, I made a note of the

+milliner's address, and felt that by calling there with Straker's

+photograph I could easily dispose of the mythical Derbyshire.

+

+"From that time on all was plain. Straker had led out the horse to a

+hollow where his light would be invisible. Simpson in his flight had

+dropped his cravat, and Straker had picked it up--with some idea,

+perhaps, that he might use it in securing the horse's leg. Once in the

+hollow, he had got behind the horse and had struck a light; but the

+creature frightened at the sudden glare, and with the strange instinct

+of animals feeling that some mischief was intended, had lashed out, and

+the steel shoe had struck Straker full on the forehead. He had already,

+in spite of the rain, taken off his overcoat in order to do his delicate

+task, and so, as he fell, his knife gashed his thigh. Do I make it

+clear?"

+

+"Wonderful!" cried the Colonel. "Wonderful! You might have been there!"

+

+"My final shot was, I confess a very long one. It struck me that so

+astute a man as Straker would not undertake this delicate tendon-nicking

+without a little practice. What could he practice on? My eyes fell upon

+the sheep, and I asked a question which, rather to my surprise, showed

+that my surmise was correct.

+

+"When I returned to London I called upon the milliner, who had

+recognized Straker as an excellent customer of the name of Derbyshire,

+who had a very dashing wife, with a strong partiality for expensive

+dresses. I have no doubt that this woman had plunged him over head and

+ears in debt, and so led him into this miserable plot."

+

+"You have explained all but one thing," cried the Colonel. "Where was

+the horse?"

+

+"Ah, it bolted, and was cared for by one of your neighbors. We must have

+an amnesty in that direction, I think. This is Clapham Junction, if I am

+not mistaken, and we shall be in Victoria in less than ten minutes. If

+you care to smoke a cigar in our rooms, Colonel, I shall be happy to

+give you any other details which might interest you."

+

+

+

+

+Adventure II. The Yellow Face

+

+

+[In publishing these short sketches based upon the numerous cases in

+which my companion's singular gifts have made us the listeners to, and

+eventually the actors in, some strange drama, it is only natural that I

+should dwell rather upon his successes than upon his failures. And this

+not so much for the sake of his reputation--for, indeed, it was when

+he was at his wits' end that his energy and his versatility were most

+admirable--but because where he failed it happened too often that no one

+else succeeded, and that the tale was left forever without a conclusion.

+Now and again, however, it chanced that even when he erred, the truth

+was still discovered. I have noted of some half-dozen cases of the

+kind; the Adventure of the Musgrave Ritual and that which I am about to

+recount are the two which present the strongest features of interest.]

+

+Sherlock Holmes was a man who seldom took exercise for exercise's sake.

+Few men were capable of greater muscular effort, and he was undoubtedly

+one of the finest boxers of his weight that I have ever seen; but he

+looked upon aimless bodily exertion as a waste of energy, and he seldom

+bestirred himself save when there was some professional object to be

+served. Then he was absolutely untiring and indefatigable. That he

+should have kept himself in training under such circumstances is

+remarkable, but his diet was usually of the sparest, and his habits

+were simple to the verge of austerity. Save for the occasional use of

+cocaine, he had no vices, and he only turned to the drug as a protest

+against the monotony of existence when cases were scanty and the papers

+uninteresting.

+

+One day in early spring he had so far relaxed as to go for a walk with

+me in the Park, where the first faint shoots of green were breaking out

+upon the elms, and the sticky spear-heads of the chestnuts were just

+beginning to burst into their five-fold leaves. For two hours we rambled

+about together, in silence for the most part, as befits two men who know

+each other intimately. It was nearly five before we were back in Baker

+Street once more.

+

+"Beg pardon, sir," said our page-boy, as he opened the door. "There's

+been a gentleman here asking for you, sir."

+

+Holmes glanced reproachfully at me. "So much for afternoon walks!" said

+he. "Has this gentleman gone, then?"

+

+"Yes, sir."

+

+"Didn't you ask him in?"

+

+"Yes, sir; he came in."

+

+"How long did he wait?"

+

+"Half an hour, sir. He was a very restless gentleman, sir, a-walkin'

+and a-stampin' all the time he was here. I was waitin' outside the door,

+sir, and I could hear him. At last he outs into the passage, and he

+cries, 'Is that man never goin' to come?' Those were his very words,

+sir. 'You'll only need to wait a little longer,' says I. 'Then I'll wait

+in the open air, for I feel half choked,' says he. 'I'll be back before

+long.' And with that he ups and he outs, and all I could say wouldn't

+hold him back."

+

+"Well, well, you did your best," said Holmes, as we walked into our

+room. "It's very annoying, though, Watson. I was badly in need of

+a case, and this looks, from the man's impatience, as if it were of

+importance. Hullo! That's not your pipe on the table. He must have

+left his behind him. A nice old brier with a good long stem of what the

+tobacconists call amber. I wonder how many real amber mouthpieces there

+are in London? Some people think that a fly in it is a sign. Well, he

+must have been disturbed in his mind to leave a pipe behind him which he

+evidently values highly."

+

+"How do you know that he values it highly?" I asked.

+

+"Well, I should put the original cost of the pipe at seven and sixpence.

+Now it has, you see, been twice mended, once in the wooden stem and once

+in the amber. Each of these mends, done, as you observe, with silver

+bands, must have cost more than the pipe did originally. The man must

+value the pipe highly when he prefers to patch it up rather than buy a

+new one with the same money."

+

+"Anything else?" I asked, for Holmes was turning the pipe about in his

+hand, and staring at it in his peculiar pensive way.

+

+He held it up and tapped on it with his long, thin fore-finger, as a

+professor might who was lecturing on a bone.

+

+"Pipes are occasionally of extraordinary interest," said he. "Nothing

+has more individuality, save perhaps watches and bootlaces. The

+indications here, however, are neither very marked nor very important.

+The owner is obviously a muscular man, left-handed, with an excellent

+set of teeth, careless in his habits, and with no need to practise

+economy."

+

+My friend threw out the information in a very offhand way, but I saw

+that he cocked his eye at me to see if I had followed his reasoning.

+

+"You think a man must be well-to-do if he smokes a seven-shilling pipe,"

+said I.

+

+"This is Grosvenor mixture at eightpence an ounce," Holmes answered,

+knocking a little out on his palm. "As he might get an excellent smoke

+for half the price, he has no need to practise economy."

+

+"And the other points?"

+

+"He has been in the habit of lighting his pipe at lamps and gas-jets.

+You can see that it is quite charred all down one side. Of course a

+match could not have done that. Why should a man hold a match to the

+side of his pipe? But you cannot light it at a lamp without getting the

+bowl charred. And it is all on the right side of the pipe. From that I

+gather that he is a left-handed man. You hold your own pipe to the lamp,

+and see how naturally you, being right-handed, hold the left side to the

+flame. You might do it once the other way, but not as a constancy. This

+has always been held so. Then he has bitten through his amber. It takes

+a muscular, energetic fellow, and one with a good set of teeth, to do

+that. But if I am not mistaken I hear him upon the stair, so we shall

+have something more interesting than his pipe to study."

+

+An instant later our door opened, and a tall young man entered the room.

+He was well but quietly dressed in a dark-gray suit, and carried a brown

+wide-awake in his hand. I should have put him at about thirty, though he

+was really some years older.

+

+"I beg your pardon," said he, with some embarrassment; "I suppose I

+should have knocked. Yes, of course I should have knocked. The fact

+is that I am a little upset, and you must put it all down to that." He

+passed his hand over his forehead like a man who is half dazed, and then

+fell rather than sat down upon a chair.

+

+"I can see that you have not slept for a night or two," said Holmes,

+in his easy, genial way. "That tries a man's nerves more than work, and

+more even than pleasure. May I ask how I can help you?"

+

+"I wanted your advice, sir. I don't know what to do and my whole life

+seems to have gone to pieces."

+

+"You wish to employ me as a consulting detective?"

+

+"Not that only. I want your opinion as a judicious man--as a man of the

+world. I want to know what I ought to do next. I hope to God you'll be

+able to tell me."

+

+He spoke in little, sharp, jerky outbursts, and it seemed to me that to

+speak at all was very painful to him, and that his will all through was

+overriding his inclinations.

+

+"It's a very delicate thing," said he. "One does not like to speak of

+one's domestic affairs to strangers. It seems dreadful to discuss the

+conduct of one's wife with two men whom I have never seen before. It's

+horrible to have to do it. But I've got to the end of my tether, and I

+must have advice."

+

+"My dear Mr. Grant Munro--" began Holmes.

+

+Our visitor sprang from his chair. "What!" he cried, "you know my name?"

+

+"If you wish to preserve your incognito," said Holmes, smiling, "I would

+suggest that you cease to write your name upon the lining of your

+hat, or else that you turn the crown towards the person whom you are

+addressing. I was about to say that my friend and I have listened to a

+good many strange secrets in this room, and that we have had the good

+fortune to bring peace to many troubled souls. I trust that we may do as

+much for you. Might I beg you, as time may prove to be of importance, to

+furnish me with the facts of your case without further delay?"

+

+Our visitor again passed his hand over his forehead, as if he found it

+bitterly hard. From every gesture and expression I could see that he was

+a reserved, self-contained man, with a dash of pride in his nature, more

+likely to hide his wounds than to expose them. Then suddenly, with a

+fierce gesture of his closed hand, like one who throws reserve to the

+winds, he began.

+

+"The facts are these, Mr. Holmes," said he. "I am a married man, and

+have been so for three years. During that time my wife and I have loved

+each other as fondly and lived as happily as any two that ever were

+joined. We have not had a difference, not one, in thought or word or

+deed. And now, since last Monday, there has suddenly sprung up a barrier

+between us, and I find that there is something in her life and in her

+thought of which I know as little as if she were the woman who brushes

+by me in the street. We are estranged, and I want to know why.

+

+"Now there is one thing that I want to impress upon you before I go

+any further, Mr. Holmes. Effie loves me. Don't let there be any mistake

+about that. She loves me with her whole heart and soul, and never more

+than now. I know it. I feel it. I don't want to argue about that. A man

+can tell easily enough when a woman loves him. But there's this secret

+between us, and we can never be the same until it is cleared."

+

+"Kindly let me have the facts, Mr. Munro," said Holmes, with some

+impatience.

+

+"I'll tell you what I know about Effie's history. She was a widow when

+I met her first, though quite young--only twenty-five. Her name then was

+Mrs. Hebron. She went out to America when she was young, and lived in

+the town of Atlanta, where she married this Hebron, who was a lawyer

+with a good practice. They had one child, but the yellow fever broke out

+badly in the place, and both husband and child died of it. I have seen

+his death certificate. This sickened her of America, and she came back

+to live with a maiden aunt at Pinner, in Middlesex. I may mention that

+her husband had left her comfortably off, and that she had a capital of

+about four thousand five hundred pounds, which had been so well invested

+by him that it returned an average of seven per cent. She had only been

+six months at Pinner when I met her; we fell in love with each other,

+and we married a few weeks afterwards.

+

+"I am a hop merchant myself, and as I have an income of seven or

+eight hundred, we found ourselves comfortably off, and took a nice

+eighty-pound-a-year villa at Norbury. Our little place was very

+countrified, considering that it is so close to town. We had an inn and

+two houses a little above us, and a single cottage at the other side of

+the field which faces us, and except those there were no houses until

+you got half way to the station. My business took me into town at

+certain seasons, but in summer I had less to do, and then in our country

+home my wife and I were just as happy as could be wished. I tell you

+that there never was a shadow between us until this accursed affair

+began.

+

+"There's one thing I ought to tell you before I go further. When we

+married, my wife made over all her property to me--rather against my

+will, for I saw how awkward it would be if my business affairs went

+wrong. However, she would have it so, and it was done. Well, about six

+weeks ago she came to me.

+

+"'Jack,' said she, 'when you took my money you said that if ever I

+wanted any I was to ask you for it.'

+

+"'Certainly,' said I. 'It's all your own.'

+

+"'Well,' said she, 'I want a hundred pounds.'

+

+"I was a bit staggered at this, for I had imagined it was simply a new

+dress or something of the kind that she was after.

+

+"'What on earth for?' I asked.

+

+"'Oh,' said she, in her playful way, 'you said that you were only my

+banker, and bankers never ask questions, you know.'

+

+"'If you really mean it, of course you shall have the money,' said I.

+

+"'Oh, yes, I really mean it.'

+

+"'And you won't tell me what you want it for?'

+

+"'Some day, perhaps, but not just at present, Jack.'

+

+"So I had to be content with that, though it was the first time that

+there had ever been any secret between us. I gave her a check, and I

+never thought any more of the matter. It may have nothing to do with

+what came afterwards, but I thought it only right to mention it.

+

+"Well, I told you just now that there is a cottage not far from our

+house. There is just a field between us, but to reach it you have to

+go along the road and then turn down a lane. Just beyond it is a nice

+little grove of Scotch firs, and I used to be very fond of strolling

+down there, for trees are always a neighborly kind of things. The

+cottage had been standing empty this eight months, and it was a pity,

+for it was a pretty two-storied place, with an old-fashioned porch and

+honeysuckle about it. I have stood many a time and thought what a neat

+little homestead it would make.

+

+"Well, last Monday evening I was taking a stroll down that way, when

+I met an empty van coming up the lane, and saw a pile of carpets and

+things lying about on the grass-plot beside the porch. It was clear that

+the cottage had at last been let. I walked past it, and wondered what

+sort of folk they were who had come to live so near us. And as I looked

+I suddenly became aware that a face was watching me out of one of the

+upper windows.

+

+"I don't know what there was about that face, Mr. Holmes, but it seemed

+to send a chill right down my back. I was some little way off, so that

+I could not make out the features, but there was something unnatural and

+inhuman about the face. That was the impression that I had, and I moved

+quickly forwards to get a nearer view of the person who was watching

+me. But as I did so the face suddenly disappeared, so suddenly that it

+seemed to have been plucked away into the darkness of the room. I stood

+for five minutes thinking the business over, and trying to analyze my

+impressions. I could not tell if the face were that of a man or a

+woman. It had been too far from me for that. But its color was what had

+impressed me most. It was of a livid chalky white, and with something

+set and rigid about it which was shockingly unnatural. So disturbed

+was I that I determined to see a little more of the new inmates of

+the cottage. I approached and knocked at the door, which was instantly

+opened by a tall, gaunt woman with a harsh, forbidding face.

+

+"'What may you be wantin'?' she asked, in a Northern accent.

+

+"'I am your neighbor over yonder,' said I, nodding towards my house. 'I

+see that you have only just moved in, so I thought that if I could be of

+any help to you in any--'

+

+"'Ay, we'll just ask ye when we want ye,' said she, and shut the door

+in my face. Annoyed at the churlish rebuff, I turned my back and walked

+home. All evening, though I tried to think of other things, my mind

+would still turn to the apparition at the window and the rudeness of the

+woman. I determined to say nothing about the former to my wife, for

+she is a nervous, highly strung woman, and I had no wish that she would

+share the unpleasant impression which had been produced upon myself. I

+remarked to her, however, before I fell asleep, that the cottage was now

+occupied, to which she returned no reply.

+

+"I am usually an extremely sound sleeper. It has been a standing jest

+in the family that nothing could ever wake me during the night. And yet

+somehow on that particular night, whether it may have been the slight

+excitement produced by my little adventure or not I know not, but

+I slept much more lightly than usual. Half in my dreams I was dimly

+conscious that something was going on in the room, and gradually became

+aware that my wife had dressed herself and was slipping on her mantle

+and her bonnet. My lips were parted to murmur out some sleepy words of

+surprise or remonstrance at this untimely preparation, when suddenly my

+half-opened eyes fell upon her face, illuminated by the candle-light,

+and astonishment held me dumb. She wore an expression such as I had

+never seen before--such as I should have thought her incapable of

+assuming. She was deadly pale and breathing fast, glancing furtively

+towards the bed as she fastened her mantle, to see if she had disturbed

+me. Then, thinking that I was still asleep, she slipped noiselessly from

+the room, and an instant later I heard a sharp creaking which could only

+come from the hinges of the front door. I sat up in bed and rapped my

+knuckles against the rail to make certain that I was truly awake. Then

+I took my watch from under the pillow. It was three in the morning. What

+on this earth could my wife be doing out on the country road at three in

+the morning?

+

+"I had sat for about twenty minutes turning the thing over in my mind

+and trying to find some possible explanation. The more I thought, the

+more extraordinary and inexplicable did it appear. I was still puzzling

+over it when I heard the door gently close again, and her footsteps

+coming up the stairs.

+

+"'Where in the world have you been, Effie?' I asked as she entered.

+

+"She gave a violent start and a kind of gasping cry when I spoke, and

+that cry and start troubled me more than all the rest, for there was

+something indescribably guilty about them. My wife had always been

+a woman of a frank, open nature, and it gave me a chill to see her

+slinking into her own room, and crying out and wincing when her own

+husband spoke to her.

+

+"'You awake, Jack!' she cried, with a nervous laugh. 'Why, I thought

+that nothing could awake you.'

+

+"'Where have you been?' I asked, more sternly.

+

+"'I don't wonder that you are surprised,' said she, and I could see that

+her fingers were trembling as she undid the fastenings of her mantle.

+'Why, I never remember having done such a thing in my life before. The

+fact is that I felt as though I were choking, and had a perfect longing

+for a breath of fresh air. I really think that I should have fainted if

+I had not gone out. I stood at the door for a few minutes, and now I am

+quite myself again.'

+

+"All the time that she was telling me this story she never once looked

+in my direction, and her voice was quite unlike her usual tones. It

+was evident to me that she was saying what was false. I said nothing

+in reply, but turned my face to the wall, sick at heart, with my mind

+filled with a thousand venomous doubts and suspicions. What was it that

+my wife was concealing from me? Where had she been during that strange

+expedition? I felt that I should have no peace until I knew, and yet I

+shrank from asking her again after once she had told me what was false.

+All the rest of the night I tossed and tumbled, framing theory after

+theory, each more unlikely than the last.

+

+"I should have gone to the City that day, but I was too disturbed in my

+mind to be able to pay attention to business matters. My wife seemed

+to be as upset as myself, and I could see from the little questioning

+glances which she kept shooting at me that she understood that I

+disbelieved her statement, and that she was at her wits' end what to do.

+We hardly exchanged a word during breakfast, and immediately afterwards

+I went out for a walk, that I might think the matter out in the fresh

+morning air.

+

+"I went as far as the Crystal Palace, spent an hour in the grounds, and

+was back in Norbury by one o'clock. It happened that my way took me past

+the cottage, and I stopped for an instant to look at the windows, and to

+see if I could catch a glimpse of the strange face which had looked

+out at me on the day before. As I stood there, imagine my surprise, Mr.

+Holmes, when the door suddenly opened and my wife walked out.

+

+"I was struck dumb with astonishment at the sight of her; but my

+emotions were nothing to those which showed themselves upon her face

+when our eyes met. She seemed for an instant to wish to shrink back

+inside the house again; and then, seeing how useless all concealment

+must be, she came forward, with a very white face and frightened eyes

+which belied the smile upon her lips.

+

+"'Ah, Jack,' she said, 'I have just been in to see if I can be of any

+assistance to our new neighbors. Why do you look at me like that, Jack?

+You are not angry with me?'

+

+"'So,' said I, 'this is where you went during the night.'

+

+"'What do you mean?' she cried.

+

+"'You came here. I am sure of it. Who are these people, that you should

+visit them at such an hour?'

+

+"'I have not been here before.'

+

+"'How can you tell me what you know is false?' I cried. 'Your very voice

+changes as you speak. When have I ever had a secret from you? I shall

+enter that cottage, and I shall probe the matter to the bottom.'

+

+"'No, no, Jack, for God's sake!' she gasped, in uncontrollable emotion.

+Then, as I approached the door, she seized my sleeve and pulled me back

+with convulsive strength.

+

+"'I implore you not to do this, Jack,' she cried. 'I swear that I will

+tell you everything some day, but nothing but misery can come of it if

+you enter that cottage.' Then, as I tried to shake her off, she clung to

+me in a frenzy of entreaty.

+

+"'Trust me, Jack!' she cried. 'Trust me only this once. You will never

+have cause to regret it. You know that I would not have a secret from

+you if it were not for your own sake. Our whole lives are at stake in

+this. If you come home with me, all will be well. If you force your way

+into that cottage, all is over between us.'

+

+"There was such earnestness, such despair, in her manner that her words

+arrested me, and I stood irresolute before the door.

+

+"'I will trust you on one condition, and on one condition only,' said I

+at last. 'It is that this mystery comes to an end from now. You are

+at liberty to preserve your secret, but you must promise me that there

+shall be no more nightly visits, no more doings which are kept from my

+knowledge. I am willing to forget those which are passed if you will

+promise that there shall be no more in the future.'

+

+"'I was sure that you would trust me,' she cried, with a great sigh of

+relief. 'It shall be just as you wish. Come away--oh, come away up to

+the house.'

+

+"Still pulling at my sleeve, she led me away from the cottage. As we

+went I glanced back, and there was that yellow livid face watching us

+out of the upper window. What link could there be between that creature

+and my wife? Or how could the coarse, rough woman whom I had seen the

+day before be connected with her? It was a strange puzzle, and yet I

+knew that my mind could never know ease again until I had solved it.

+

+"For two days after this I stayed at home, and my wife appeared to abide

+loyally by our engagement, for, as far as I know, she never stirred out

+of the house. On the third day, however, I had ample evidence that

+her solemn promise was not enough to hold her back from this secret

+influence which drew her away from her husband and her duty.

+

+"I had gone into town on that day, but I returned by the 2.40 instead of

+the 3.36, which is my usual train. As I entered the house the maid ran

+into the hall with a startled face.

+

+"'Where is your mistress?' I asked.

+

+"'I think that she has gone out for a walk,' she answered.

+

+"My mind was instantly filled with suspicion. I rushed upstairs to make

+sure that she was not in the house. As I did so I happened to glance out

+of one of the upper windows, and saw the maid with whom I had just been

+speaking running across the field in the direction of the cottage. Then

+of course I saw exactly what it all meant. My wife had gone over there,

+and had asked the servant to call her if I should return. Tingling with

+anger, I rushed down and hurried across, determined to end the matter

+once and forever. I saw my wife and the maid hurrying back along the

+lane, but I did not stop to speak with them. In the cottage lay the

+secret which was casting a shadow over my life. I vowed that, come what

+might, it should be a secret no longer. I did not even knock when I

+reached it, but turned the handle and rushed into the passage.

+

+"It was all still and quiet upon the ground floor. In the kitchen a

+kettle was singing on the fire, and a large black cat lay coiled up in

+the basket; but there was no sign of the woman whom I had seen before.

+I ran into the other room, but it was equally deserted. Then I rushed up

+the stairs, only to find two other rooms empty and deserted at the top.

+There was no one at all in the whole house. The furniture and pictures

+were of the most common and vulgar description, save in the one chamber

+at the window of which I had seen the strange face. That was comfortable

+and elegant, and all my suspicions rose into a fierce bitter flame when

+I saw that on the mantelpiece stood a copy of a full-length photograph

+of my wife, which had been taken at my request only three months ago.

+

+"I stayed long enough to make certain that the house was absolutely

+empty. Then I left it, feeling a weight at my heart such as I had never

+had before. My wife came out into the hall as I entered my house; but I

+was too hurt and angry to speak with her, and pushing past her, I made

+my way into my study. She followed me, however, before I could close the

+door.

+

+"'I am sorry that I broke my promise, Jack,' said she; 'but if you knew

+all the circumstances I am sure that you would forgive me.'

+

+"'Tell me everything, then,' said I.

+

+"'I cannot, Jack, I cannot,' she cried.

+

+"'Until you tell me who it is that has been living in that cottage, and

+who it is to whom you have given that photograph, there can never be any

+confidence between us,' said I, and breaking away from her, I left the

+house. That was yesterday, Mr. Holmes, and I have not seen her since,

+nor do I know anything more about this strange business. It is the first

+shadow that has come between us, and it has so shaken me that I do not

+know what I should do for the best. Suddenly this morning it occurred to

+me that you were the man to advise me, so I have hurried to you now, and

+I place myself unreservedly in your hands. If there is any point which I

+have not made clear, pray question me about it. But, above all, tell me

+quickly what I am to do, for this misery is more than I can bear."

+

+Holmes and I had listened with the utmost interest to this extraordinary

+statement, which had been delivered in the jerky, broken fashion of a

+man who is under the influence of extreme emotions. My companion sat

+silent for some time, with his chin upon his hand, lost in thought.

+

+"Tell me," said he at last, "could you swear that this was a man's face

+which you saw at the window?"

+

+"Each time that I saw it I was some distance away from it, so that it is

+impossible for me to say."

+

+"You appear, however, to have been disagreeably impressed by it."

+

+"It seemed to be of an unnatural color, and to have a strange rigidity

+about the features. When I approached, it vanished with a jerk."

+

+"How long is it since your wife asked you for a hundred pounds?"

+

+"Nearly two months."

+

+"Have you ever seen a photograph of her first husband?"

+

+"No; there was a great fire at Atlanta very shortly after his death, and

+all her papers were destroyed."

+

+"And yet she had a certificate of death. You say that you saw it."

+

+"Yes; she got a duplicate after the fire."

+

+"Did you ever meet any one who knew her in America?"

+

+"No."

+

+"Did she ever talk of revisiting the place?"

+

+"No."

+

+"Or get letters from it?"

+

+"No."

+

+"Thank you. I should like to think over the matter a little now. If the

+cottage is now permanently deserted we may have some difficulty. If, on

+the other hand, as I fancy is more likely, the inmates were warned of

+your coming, and left before you entered yesterday, then they may be

+back now, and we should clear it all up easily. Let me advise you, then,

+to return to Norbury, and to examine the windows of the cottage again.

+If you have reason to believe that it is inhabited, do not force your

+way in, but send a wire to my friend and me. We shall be with you within

+an hour of receiving it, and we shall then very soon get to the bottom

+of the business."

+

+"And if it is still empty?"

+

+"In that case I shall come out to-morrow and talk it over with you.

+Good-by; and, above all, do not fret until you know that you really have

+a cause for it."

+

+"I am afraid that this is a bad business, Watson," said my companion, as

+he returned after accompanying Mr. Grant Munro to the door. "What do you

+make of it?"

+

+"It had an ugly sound," I answered.

+

+"Yes. There's blackmail in it, or I am much mistaken."

+

+"And who is the blackmailer?"

+

+"Well, it must be the creature who lives in the only comfortable room

+in the place, and has her photograph above his fireplace. Upon my word,

+Watson, there is something very attractive about that livid face at the

+window, and I would not have missed the case for worlds."

+

+"You have a theory?"

+

+"Yes, a provisional one. But I shall be surprised if it does not turn

+out to be correct. This woman's first husband is in that cottage."

+

+"Why do you think so?"

+

+"How else can we explain her frenzied anxiety that her second one should

+not enter it? The facts, as I read them, are something like this:

+This woman was married in America. Her husband developed some hateful

+qualities; or shall we say that he contracted some loathsome disease,

+and became a leper or an imbecile? She flies from him at last, returns

+to England, changes her name, and starts her life, as she thinks,

+afresh. She has been married three years, and believes that her position

+is quite secure, having shown her husband the death certificate of

+some man whose name she has assumed, when suddenly her whereabouts

+is discovered by her first husband; or, we may suppose, by some

+unscrupulous woman who has attached herself to the invalid. They write

+to the wife, and threaten to come and expose her. She asks for a hundred

+pounds, and endeavors to buy them off. They come in spite of it, and

+when the husband mentions casually to the wife that there are new-comers

+in the cottage, she knows in some way that they are her pursuers. She

+waits until her husband is asleep, and then she rushes down to endeavor

+to persuade them to leave her in peace. Having no success, she goes

+again next morning, and her husband meets her, as he has told us, as

+she comes out. She promises him then not to go there again, but two days

+afterwards the hope of getting rid of those dreadful neighbors was too

+strong for her, and she made another attempt, taking down with her the

+photograph which had probably been demanded from her. In the midst of

+this interview the maid rushed in to say that the master had come home,

+on which the wife, knowing that he would come straight down to the

+cottage, hurried the inmates out at the back door, into the grove of

+fir-trees, probably, which was mentioned as standing near. In this way

+he found the place deserted. I shall be very much surprised, however, if

+it is still so when he reconnoitres it this evening. What do you think

+of my theory?"

+

+"It is all surmise."

+

+"But at least it covers all the facts. When new facts come to our

+knowledge which cannot be covered by it, it will be time enough to

+reconsider it. We can do nothing more until we have a message from our

+friend at Norbury."

+

+But we had not a very long time to wait for that. It came just as we had

+finished our tea. "The cottage is still tenanted," it said. "Have seen

+the face again at the window. Will meet the seven o'clock train, and

+will take no steps until you arrive."

+

+

+He was waiting on the platform when we stepped out, and we could see in

+the light of the station lamps that he was very pale, and quivering with

+agitation.

+

+"They are still there, Mr. Holmes," said he, laying his hand hard upon

+my friend's sleeve. "I saw lights in the cottage as I came down. We

+shall settle it now once and for all."

+

+"What is your plan, then?" asked Holmes, as he walked down the dark

+tree-lined road.

+

+"I am going to force my way in and see for myself who is in the house. I

+wish you both to be there as witnesses."

+

+"You are quite determined to do this, in spite of your wife's warning

+that it is better that you should not solve the mystery?"

+

+"Yes, I am determined."

+

+"Well, I think that you are in the right. Any truth is better than

+indefinite doubt. We had better go up at once. Of course, legally, we

+are putting ourselves hopelessly in the wrong; but I think that it is

+worth it."

+

+It was a very dark night, and a thin rain began to fall as we turned

+from the high road into a narrow lane, deeply rutted, with hedges on

+either side. Mr. Grant Munro pushed impatiently forward, however, and we

+stumbled after him as best we could.

+

+"There are the lights of my house," he murmured, pointing to a glimmer

+among the trees. "And here is the cottage which I am going to enter."

+

+We turned a corner in the lane as he spoke, and there was the building

+close beside us. A yellow bar falling across the black foreground showed

+that the door was not quite closed, and one window in the upper story

+was brightly illuminated. As we looked, we saw a dark blur moving across

+the blind.

+

+"There is that creature!" cried Grant Munro. "You can see for yourselves

+that some one is there. Now follow me, and we shall soon know all."

+

+We approached the door; but suddenly a woman appeared out of the shadow

+and stood in the golden track of the lamp-light. I could not see her

+face in the darkness, but her arms were thrown out in an attitude of

+entreaty.

+

+"For God's sake, don't Jack!" she cried. "I had a presentiment that you

+would come this evening. Think better of it, dear! Trust me again, and

+you will never have cause to regret it."

+

+"I have trusted you too long, Effie," he cried, sternly. "Leave go of

+me! I must pass you. My friends and I are going to settle this matter

+once and forever!" He pushed her to one side, and we followed closely

+after him. As he threw the door open an old woman ran out in front of

+him and tried to bar his passage, but he thrust her back, and an instant

+afterwards we were all upon the stairs. Grant Munro rushed into the

+lighted room at the top, and we entered at his heels.

+

+It was a cosey, well-furnished apartment, with two candles burning upon

+the table and two upon the mantelpiece. In the corner, stooping over a

+desk, there sat what appeared to be a little girl. Her face was turned

+away as we entered, but we could see that she was dressed in a red

+frock, and that she had long white gloves on. As she whisked round

+to us, I gave a cry of surprise and horror. The face which she turned

+towards us was of the strangest livid tint, and the features were

+absolutely devoid of any expression. An instant later the mystery was

+explained. Holmes, with a laugh, passed his hand behind the child's

+ear, a mask peeled off from her countenance, and there was a little coal

+black negress, with all her white teeth flashing in amusement at our

+amazed faces. I burst out laughing, out of sympathy with her merriment;

+but Grant Munro stood staring, with his hand clutching his throat.

+

+"My God!" he cried. "What can be the meaning of this?"

+

+"I will tell you the meaning of it," cried the lady, sweeping into

+the room with a proud, set face. "You have forced me, against my own

+judgment, to tell you, and now we must both make the best of it. My

+husband died at Atlanta. My child survived."

+

+"Your child?"

+

+She drew a large silver locket from her bosom. "You have never seen this

+open."

+

+"I understood that it did not open."

+

+She touched a spring, and the front hinged back. There was a portrait

+within of a man strikingly handsome and intelligent-looking, but bearing

+unmistakable signs upon his features of his African descent.

+

+"That is John Hebron, of Atlanta," said the lady, "and a nobler man

+never walked the earth. I cut myself off from my race in order to wed

+him, but never once while he lived did I for an instant regret it. It

+was our misfortune that our only child took after his people rather than

+mine. It is often so in such matches, and little Lucy is darker far than

+ever her father was. But dark or fair, she is my own dear little girlie,

+and her mother's pet." The little creature ran across at the words and

+nestled up against the lady's dress. "When I left her in America," she

+continued, "it was only because her health was weak, and the change

+might have done her harm. She was given to the care of a faithful Scotch

+woman who had once been our servant. Never for an instant did I dream

+of disowning her as my child. But when chance threw you in my way, Jack,

+and I learned to love you, I feared to tell you about my child. God

+forgive me, I feared that I should lose you, and I had not the courage

+to tell you. I had to choose between you, and in my weakness I turned

+away from my own little girl. For three years I have kept her existence

+a secret from you, but I heard from the nurse, and I knew that all was

+well with her. At last, however, there came an overwhelming desire to

+see the child once more. I struggled against it, but in vain. Though I

+knew the danger, I determined to have the child over, if it were but

+for a few weeks. I sent a hundred pounds to the nurse, and I gave her

+instructions about this cottage, so that she might come as a neighbor,

+without my appearing to be in any way connected with her. I pushed my

+precautions so far as to order her to keep the child in the house during

+the daytime, and to cover up her little face and hands so that even

+those who might see her at the window should not gossip about there

+being a black child in the neighborhood. If I had been less cautious

+I might have been more wise, but I was half crazy with fear that you

+should learn the truth.

+

+"It was you who told me first that the cottage was occupied. I should

+have waited for the morning, but I could not sleep for excitement, and

+so at last I slipped out, knowing how difficult it is to awake you. But

+you saw me go, and that was the beginning of my troubles. Next day you

+had my secret at your mercy, but you nobly refrained from pursuing your

+advantage. Three days later, however, the nurse and child only just

+escaped from the back door as you rushed in at the front one. And now

+to-night you at last know all, and I ask you what is to become of us, my

+child and me?" She clasped her hands and waited for an answer.

+

+It was a long ten minutes before Grant Munro broke the silence, and

+when his answer came it was one of which I love to think. He lifted

+the little child, kissed her, and then, still carrying her, he held his

+other hand out to his wife and turned towards the door.

+

+"We can talk it over more comfortably at home," said he. "I am not a

+very good man, Effie, but I think that I am a better one than you have

+given me credit for being."

+

+Holmes and I followed them down the lane, and my friend plucked at my

+sleeve as we came out.

+

+"I think," said he, "that we shall be of more use in London than in

+Norbury."

+

+Not another word did he say of the case until late that night, when he

+was turning away, with his lighted candle, for his bedroom.

+

+"Watson," said he, "if it should ever strike you that I am getting a

+little over-confident in my powers, or giving less pains to a case

+than it deserves, kindly whisper 'Norbury' in my ear, and I shall be

+infinitely obliged to you."

+

+

+

+

+Adventure III. The Stock-Broker's Clerk

+

+

+Shortly after my marriage I had bought a connection in the Paddington

+district. Old Mr. Farquhar, from whom I purchased it, had at one time an

+excellent general practice; but his age, and an affliction of the nature

+of St. Vitus's dance from which he suffered, had very much thinned it.

+The public not unnaturally goes on the principle that he who would heal

+others must himself be whole, and looks askance at the curative powers

+of the man whose own case is beyond the reach of his drugs. Thus as my

+predecessor weakened his practice declined, until when I purchased

+it from him it had sunk from twelve hundred to little more than three

+hundred a year. I had confidence, however, in my own youth and energy,

+and was convinced that in a very few years the concern would be as

+flourishing as ever.

+

+For three months after taking over the practice I was kept very closely

+at work, and saw little of my friend Sherlock Holmes, for I was too busy

+to visit Baker Street, and he seldom went anywhere himself save upon

+professional business. I was surprised, therefore, when, one morning in

+June, as I sat reading the British Medical Journal after breakfast, I

+heard a ring at the bell, followed by the high, somewhat strident tones

+of my old companion's voice.

+

+"Ah, my dear Watson," said he, striding into the room, "I am very

+delighted to see you! I trust that Mrs. Watson has entirely recovered

+from all the little excitements connected with our adventure of the Sign

+of Four."

+

+"Thank you, we are both very well," said I, shaking him warmly by the

+hand.

+

+"And I hope, also," he continued, sitting down in the rocking-chair,

+"that the cares of medical practice have not entirely obliterated the

+interest which you used to take in our little deductive problems."

+

+"On the contrary," I answered, "it was only last night that I was

+looking over my old notes, and classifying some of our past results."

+

+"I trust that you don't consider your collection closed."

+

+"Not at all. I should wish nothing better than to have some more of such

+experiences."

+

+"To-day, for example?"

+

+"Yes, to-day, if you like."

+

+"And as far off as Birmingham?"

+

+"Certainly, if you wish it."

+

+"And the practice?"

+

+"I do my neighbor's when he goes. He is always ready to work off the

+debt."

+

+"Ha! Nothing could be better," said Holmes, leaning back in his chair

+and looking keenly at me from under his half closed lids. "I perceive

+that you have been unwell lately. Summer colds are always a little

+trying."

+

+"I was confined to the house by a severe chill for three days last week.

+I thought, however, that I had cast off every trace of it."

+

+"So you have. You look remarkably robust."

+

+"How, then, did you know of it?"

+

+"My dear fellow, you know my methods."

+

+"You deduced it, then?"

+

+"Certainly."

+

+"And from what?"

+

+"From your slippers."

+

+I glanced down at the new patent leathers which I was wearing. "How on

+earth--" I began, but Holmes answered my question before it was asked.

+

+"Your slippers are new," he said. "You could not have had them more than

+a few weeks. The soles which you are at this moment presenting to me are

+slightly scorched. For a moment I thought they might have got wet and

+been burned in the drying. But near the instep there is a small circular

+wafer of paper with the shopman's hieroglyphics upon it. Damp would of

+course have removed this. You had, then, been sitting with your feet

+outstretched to the fire, which a man would hardly do even in so wet a

+June as this if he were in his full health."

+

+Like all Holmes's reasoning the thing seemed simplicity itself when it

+was once explained. He read the thought upon my features, and his smile

+had a tinge of bitterness.

+

+"I am afraid that I rather give myself away when I explain," said he.

+"Results without causes are much more impressive. You are ready to come

+to Birmingham, then?"

+

+"Certainly. What is the case?"

+

+"You shall hear it all in the train. My client is outside in a

+four-wheeler. Can you come at once?"

+

+"In an instant." I scribbled a note to my neighbor, rushed upstairs to

+explain the matter to my wife, and joined Holmes upon the door-step.

+

+"Your neighbor is a doctor," said he, nodding at the brass plate.

+

+"Yes; he bought a practice as I did."

+

+"An old-established one?"

+

+"Just the same as mine. Both have been ever since the houses were

+built."

+

+"Ah! Then you got hold of the best of the two."

+

+"I think I did. But how do you know?"

+

+"By the steps, my boy. Yours are worn three inches deeper than his. But

+this gentleman in the cab is my client, Mr. Hall Pycroft. Allow me to

+introduce you to him. Whip your horse up, cabby, for we have only just

+time to catch our train."

+

+The man whom I found myself facing was a well built, fresh-complexioned

+young fellow, with a frank, honest face and a slight, crisp, yellow

+mustache. He wore a very shiny top hat and a neat suit of sober black,

+which made him look what he was--a smart young City man, of the class

+who have been labeled cockneys, but who give us our crack volunteer

+regiments, and who turn out more fine athletes and sportsmen than any

+body of men in these islands. His round, ruddy face was naturally full

+of cheeriness, but the corners of his mouth seemed to me to be pulled

+down in a half-comical distress. It was not, however, until we were

+all in a first-class carriage and well started upon our journey to

+Birmingham that I was able to learn what the trouble was which had

+driven him to Sherlock Holmes.

+

+"We have a clear run here of seventy minutes," Holmes remarked. "I

+want you, Mr. Hall Pycroft, to tell my friend your very interesting

+experience exactly as you have told it to me, or with more detail if

+possible. It will be of use to me to hear the succession of events

+again. It is a case, Watson, which may prove to have something in it, or

+may prove to have nothing, but which, at least, presents those unusual

+and outré features which are as dear to you as they are to me. Now, Mr.

+Pycroft, I shall not interrupt you again."

+

+Our young companion looked at me with a twinkle in his eye.

+

+"The worst of the story is," said he, "that I show myself up as such a

+confounded fool. Of course it may work out all right, and I don't see

+that I could have done otherwise; but if I have lost my crib and get

+nothing in exchange I shall feel what a soft Johnnie I have been. I'm

+not very good at telling a story, Dr. Watson, but it is like this with

+me:

+

+"I used to have a billet at Coxon & Woodhouse's, of Draper's Gardens,

+but they were let in early in the spring through the Venezuelan loan,

+as no doubt you remember, and came a nasty cropper. I had been with them

+five years, and old Coxon gave me a ripping good testimonial when

+the smash came, but of course we clerks were all turned adrift, the

+twenty-seven of us. I tried here and tried there, but there were lots of

+other chaps on the same lay as myself, and it was a perfect frost for a

+long time. I had been taking three pounds a week at Coxon's, and I had

+saved about seventy of them, but I soon worked my way through that and

+out at the other end. I was fairly at the end of my tether at last,

+and could hardly find the stamps to answer the advertisements or the

+envelopes to stick them to. I had worn out my boots paddling up office

+stairs, and I seemed just as far from getting a billet as ever.

+

+"At last I saw a vacancy at Mawson & Williams's, the great stock-broking

+firm in Lombard Street. I dare say E. C. Is not much in your line, but

+I can tell you that this is about the richest house in London.

+The advertisement was to be answered by letter only. I sent in my

+testimonial and application, but without the least hope of getting it.

+Back came an answer by return, saying that if I would appear next Monday

+I might take over my new duties at once, provided that my appearance was

+satisfactory. No one knows how these things are worked. Some people say

+that the manager just plunges his hand into the heap and takes the first

+that comes. Anyhow it was my innings that time, and I don't ever wish to

+feel better pleased. The screw was a pound a week rise, and the duties

+just about the same as at Coxon's.

+

+"And now I come to the queer part of the business. I was in diggings out

+Hampstead way, 17 Potter's Terrace. Well, I was sitting doing a smoke

+that very evening after I had been promised the appointment, when up

+came my landlady with a card which had 'Arthur Pinner, Financial Agent,'

+printed upon it. I had never heard the name before and could not imagine

+what he wanted with me; but, of course, I asked her to show him up. In

+he walked, a middle-sized, dark-haired, dark-eyed, black-bearded man,

+with a touch of the Sheeny about his nose. He had a brisk kind of way

+with him and spoke sharply, like a man who knew the value of time."

+

+"'Mr. Hall Pycroft, I believe?'" said he.

+

+"'Yes, sir,' I answered, pushing a chair towards him.

+

+"'Lately engaged at Coxon & Woodhouse's?'

+

+"'Yes, sir.'

+

+"'And now on the staff of Mawson's.'

+

+"'Quite so.'

+

+"'Well,' said he, 'the fact is that I have heard some really

+extraordinary stories about your financial ability. You remember Parker,

+who used to be Coxon's manager? He can never say enough about it.'

+

+"Of course I was pleased to hear this. I had always been pretty sharp in

+the office, but I had never dreamed that I was talked about in the City

+in this fashion.

+

+"'You have a good memory?' said he.

+

+"'Pretty fair,' I answered, modestly.

+

+"'Have you kept in touch with the market while you have been out of

+work?' he asked.

+

+"'Yes. I read the stock exchange list every morning.'

+

+"'Now that shows real application!' he cried. 'That is the way to

+prosper! You won't mind my testing you, will you? Let me see. How are

+Ayrshires?'

+

+"'A hundred and six and a quarter to a hundred and five and

+seven-eighths.'

+

+"'And New Zealand consolidated?'

+

+"'A hundred and four.

+

+"'And British Broken Hills?'

+

+"'Seven to seven-and-six.'

+

+"'Wonderful!' he cried, with his hands up. 'This quite fits in with all

+that I had heard. My boy, my boy, you are very much too good to be a

+clerk at Mawson's!'

+

+"This outburst rather astonished me, as you can think. 'Well,' said I,

+'other people don't think quite so much of me as you seem to do, Mr.

+Pinner. I had a hard enough fight to get this berth, and I am very glad

+to have it.'

+

+"'Pooh, man; you should soar above it. You are not in your true sphere.

+Now, I'll tell you how it stands with me. What I have to offer is little

+enough when measured by your ability, but when compared with Mawson's,

+it's light to dark. Let me see. When do you go to Mawson's?'

+

+"'On Monday.'

+

+"'Ha, ha! I think I would risk a little sporting flutter that you don't

+go there at all.'

+

+"'Not go to Mawson's?'

+

+"'No, sir. By that day you will be the business manager of the

+Franco-Midland Hardware Company, Limited, with a hundred and thirty-four

+branches in the towns and villages of France, not counting one in

+Brussels and one in San Remo.'

+

+"This took my breath away. 'I never heard of it,' said I.

+

+"'Very likely not. It has been kept very quiet, for the capital was all

+privately subscribed, and it's too good a thing to let the public

+into. My brother, Harry Pinner, is promoter, and joins the board after

+allotment as managing director. He knew I was in the swim down here, and

+asked me to pick up a good man cheap. A young, pushing man with plenty

+of snap about him. Parker spoke of you, and that brought me here

+to-night. We can only offer you a beggarly five hundred to start with.'

+

+"'Five hundred a year!' I shouted.

+

+"'Only that at the beginning; but you are to have an overriding

+commission of one per cent on all business done by your agents, and you

+may take my word for it that this will come to more than your salary.'

+

+"'But I know nothing about hardware.'

+

+"'Tut, my boy; you know about figures.'

+

+"My head buzzed, and I could hardly sit still in my chair. But suddenly

+a little chill of doubt came upon me.

+

+"'I must be frank with you,' said I. 'Mawson only gives me two hundred,

+but Mawson is safe. Now, really, I know so little about your company

+that--'

+

+"'Ah, smart, smart!' he cried, in a kind of ecstasy of delight. 'You

+are the very man for us. You are not to be talked over, and quite right,

+too. Now, here's a note for a hundred pounds, and if you think that we

+can do business you may just slip it into your pocket as an advance upon

+your salary.'

+

+"'That is very handsome,' said I. 'When should I take over my new

+duties?'

+

+"'Be in Birmingham to-morrow at one,' said he. 'I have a note in my

+pocket here which you will take to my brother. You will find him at

+126b Corporation Street, where the temporary offices of the company

+are situated. Of course he must confirm your engagement, but between

+ourselves it will be all right.'

+

+"'Really, I hardly know how to express my gratitude, Mr. Pinner,' said

+I.

+

+"'Not at all, my boy. You have only got your deserts. There are one or

+two small things--mere formalities--which I must arrange with you.

+You have a bit of paper beside you there. Kindly write upon it "I am

+perfectly willing to act as business manager to the Franco-Midland

+Hardware Company, Limited, at a minimum salary of L500."'

+

+"I did as he asked, and he put the paper in his pocket.

+

+"'There is one other detail,' said he. 'What do you intend to do about

+Mawson's?'

+

+"I had forgotten all about Mawson's in my joy. 'I'll write and resign,'

+said I.

+

+"'Precisely what I don't want you to do. I had a row over you with

+Mawson's manager. I had gone up to ask him about you, and he was very

+offensive; accused me of coaxing you away from the service of the firm,

+and that sort of thing. At last I fairly lost my temper. "If you want

+good men you should pay them a good price," said I.'

+

+"'He would rather have our small price than your big one,' said he.

+

+"'I'll lay you a fiver,' said I, 'that when he has my offer you'll never

+so much as hear from him again.'

+

+"'Done!' said he. 'We picked him out of the gutter, and he won't leave

+us so easily.' Those were his very words."

+

+"'The impudent scoundrel!' I cried. 'I've never so much as seen him in

+my life. Why should I consider him in any way? I shall certainly not

+write if you would rather I didn't.'

+

+"'Good! That's a promise,' said he, rising from his chair. 'Well, I'm

+delighted to have got so good a man for my brother. Here's your advance

+of a hundred pounds, and here is the letter. Make a note of the address,

+126b Corporation Street, and remember that one o'clock to-morrow is

+your appointment. Good-night; and may you have all the fortune that you

+deserve!'

+

+"That's just about all that passed between us, as near as I can

+remember. You can imagine, Dr. Watson, how pleased I was at such an

+extraordinary bit of good fortune. I sat up half the night hugging

+myself over it, and next day I was off to Birmingham in a train that

+would take me in plenty time for my appointment. I took my things to

+a hotel in New Street, and then I made my way to the address which had

+been given me.

+

+"It was a quarter of an hour before my time, but I thought that would

+make no difference. 126b was a passage between two large shops, which

+led to a winding stone stair, from which there were many flats, let as

+offices to companies or professional men. The names of the occupants

+were painted at the bottom on the wall, but there was no such name as

+the Franco-Midland Hardware Company, Limited. I stood for a few minutes

+with my heart in my boots, wondering whether the whole thing was an

+elaborate hoax or not, when up came a man and addressed me. He was very

+like the chap I had seen the night before, the same figure and voice,

+but he was clean shaven and his hair was lighter.

+

+"'Are you Mr. Hall Pycroft?' he asked.

+

+"'Yes,' said I.

+

+"'Oh! I was expecting you, but you are a trifle before your time. I had

+a note from my brother this morning in which he sang your praises very

+loudly.'

+

+"'I was just looking for the offices when you came.

+

+"'We have not got our name up yet, for we only secured these temporary

+premises last week. Come up with me, and we will talk the matter over.'

+

+"I followed him to the top of a very lofty stair, and there, right under

+the slates, were a couple of empty, dusty little rooms, uncarpeted and

+uncurtained, into which he led me. I had thought of a great office with

+shining tables and rows of clerks, such as I was used to, and I dare say

+I stared rather straight at the two deal chairs and one little table,

+which, with a ledger and a waste paper basket, made up the whole

+furniture.

+

+"'Don't be disheartened, Mr. Pycroft,' said my new acquaintance, seeing

+the length of my face. 'Rome was not built in a day, and we have lots of

+money at our backs, though we don't cut much dash yet in offices. Pray

+sit down, and let me have your letter.'

+

+"I gave it to him, and he read it over very carefully.

+

+"'You seem to have made a vast impression upon my brother Arthur,' said

+he; 'and I know that he is a pretty shrewd judge. He swears by London,

+you know; and I by Birmingham; but this time I shall follow his advice.

+Pray consider yourself definitely engaged."

+

+"'What are my duties?' I asked.

+

+"'You will eventually manage the great depot in Paris, which will pour

+a flood of English crockery into the shops of a hundred and thirty-four

+agents in France. The purchase will be completed in a week, and

+meanwhile you will remain in Birmingham and make yourself useful.'

+

+"'How?'

+

+"For answer, he took a big red book out of a drawer.

+

+"'This is a directory of Paris,' said he, 'with the trades after the

+names of the people. I want you to take it home with you, and to mark

+off all the hardware sellers, with their addresses. It would be of the

+greatest use to me to have them.'

+

+"'Surely there are classified lists?' I suggested.

+

+"'Not reliable ones. Their system is different from ours. Stick at it,

+and let me have the lists by Monday, at twelve. Good-day, Mr. Pycroft.

+If you continue to show zeal and intelligence you will find the company

+a good master.'

+

+"I went back to the hotel with the big book under my arm, and with very

+conflicting feelings in my breast. On the one hand, I was definitely

+engaged and had a hundred pounds in my pocket; on the other, the look

+of the offices, the absence of name on the wall, and other of the points

+which would strike a business man had left a bad impression as to the

+position of my employers. However, come what might, I had my money, so I

+settled down to my task. All Sunday I was kept hard at work, and yet by

+Monday I had only got as far as H. I went round to my employer, found

+him in the same dismantled kind of room, and was told to keep at

+it until Wednesday, and then come again. On Wednesday it was still

+unfinished, so I hammered away until Friday--that is, yesterday. Then I

+brought it round to Mr. Harry Pinner.

+

+"'Thank you very much,' said he; 'I fear that I underrated the

+difficulty of the task. This list will be of very material assistance to

+me.'

+

+"'It took some time,' said I.

+

+"'And now,' said he, 'I want you to make a list of the furniture shops,

+for they all sell crockery.'

+

+"'Very good.'

+

+"'And you can come up to-morrow evening, at seven, and let me know how

+you are getting on. Don't overwork yourself. A couple of hours at Day's

+Music Hall in the evening would do you no harm after your labors.' He

+laughed as he spoke, and I saw with a thrill that his second tooth upon

+the left-hand side had been very badly stuffed with gold."

+

+

+Sherlock Holmes rubbed his hands with delight, and I stared with

+astonishment at our client.

+

+"You may well look surprised, Dr. Watson; but it is this way," said he:

+"When I was speaking to the other chap in London, at the time that he

+laughed at my not going to Mawson's, I happened to notice that his tooth

+was stuffed in this very identical fashion. The glint of the gold in

+each case caught my eye, you see. When I put that with the voice and

+figure being the same, and only those things altered which might be

+changed by a razor or a wig, I could not doubt that it was the same man.

+Of course you expect two brothers to be alike, but not that they should

+have the same tooth stuffed in the same way. He bowed me out, and I

+found myself in the street, hardly knowing whether I was on my head or

+my heels. Back I went to my hotel, put my head in a basin of cold water,

+and tried to think it out. Why had he sent me from London to Birmingham?

+Why had he got there before me? And why had he written a letter from

+himself to himself? It was altogether too much for me, and I could make

+no sense of it. And then suddenly it struck me that what was dark to me

+might be very light to Mr. Sherlock Holmes. I had just time to get up to

+town by the night train to see him this morning, and to bring you both

+back with me to Birmingham."

+

+There was a pause after the stock-broker's clerk had concluded his

+surprising experience. Then Sherlock Holmes cocked his eye at me,

+leaning back on the cushions with a pleased and yet critical face, like

+a connoisseur who has just taken his first sip of a comet vintage.

+

+"Rather fine, Watson, is it not?" said he. "There are points in it which

+please me. I think that you will agree with me that an interview with

+Mr. Arthur Harry Pinner in the temporary offices of the Franco-Midland

+Hardware Company, Limited, would be a rather interesting experience for

+both of us."

+

+"But how can we do it?" I asked.

+

+"Oh, easily enough," said Hall Pycroft, cheerily. "You are two friends

+of mine who are in want of a billet, and what could be more natural than

+that I should bring you both round to the managing director?"

+

+"Quite so, of course," said Holmes. "I should like to have a look at

+the gentleman, and see if I can make anything of his little game.

+What qualities have you, my friend, which would make your services

+so valuable? or is it possible that--" He began biting his nails and

+staring blankly out of the window, and we hardly drew another word from

+him until we were in New Street.

+

+At seven o'clock that evening we were walking, the three of us, down

+Corporation Street to the company's offices.

+

+"It is no use our being at all before our time," said our client. "He

+only comes there to see me, apparently, for the place is deserted up to

+the very hour he names."

+

+"That is suggestive," remarked Holmes.

+

+"By Jove, I told you so!" cried the clerk. "That's he walking ahead of

+us there."

+

+He pointed to a smallish, dark, well-dressed man who was bustling along

+the other side of the road. As we watched him he looked across at a boy

+who was bawling out the latest edition of the evening paper, and running

+over among the cabs and busses, he bought one from him. Then, clutching

+it in his hand, he vanished through a door-way.

+

+"There he goes!" cried Hall Pycroft. "These are the company's offices

+into which he has gone. Come with me, and I'll fix it up as easily as

+possible."

+

+Following his lead, we ascended five stories, until we found ourselves

+outside a half-opened door, at which our client tapped. A voice within

+bade us enter, and we entered a bare, unfurnished room such as Hall

+Pycroft had described. At the single table sat the man whom we had seen

+in the street, with his evening paper spread out in front of him, and as

+he looked up at us it seemed to me that I had never looked upon a face

+which bore such marks of grief, and of something beyond grief--of a

+horror such as comes to few men in a lifetime. His brow glistened with

+perspiration, his cheeks were of the dull, dead white of a fish's belly,

+and his eyes were wild and staring. He looked at his clerk as though he

+failed to recognize him, and I could see by the astonishment depicted

+upon our conductor's face that this was by no means the usual appearance

+of his employer.

+

+"You look ill, Mr. Pinner!" he exclaimed.

+

+"Yes, I am not very well," answered the other, making obvious efforts

+to pull himself together, and licking his dry lips before he spoke. "Who

+are these gentlemen whom you have brought with you?"

+

+"One is Mr. Harris, of Bermondsey, and the other is Mr. Price, of this

+town," said our clerk, glibly. "They are friends of mine and gentlemen

+of experience, but they have been out of a place for some little time,

+and they hoped that perhaps you might find an opening for them in the

+company's employment."

+

+"Very possibly! Very possibly!" cried Mr. Pinner with a ghastly smile.

+"Yes, I have no doubt that we shall be able to do something for you.

+What is your particular line, Mr. Harris?"

+

+"I am an accountant," said Holmes.

+

+"Ah yes, we shall want something of the sort. And you, Mr. Price?"

+

+"A clerk," said I.

+

+"I have every hope that the company may accommodate you. I will let you

+know about it as soon as we come to any conclusion. And now I beg that

+you will go. For God's sake leave me to myself!"

+

+These last words were shot out of him, as though the constraint which

+he was evidently setting upon himself had suddenly and utterly burst

+asunder. Holmes and I glanced at each other, and Hall Pycroft took a

+step towards the table.

+

+"You forget, Mr. Pinner, that I am here by appointment to receive some

+directions from you," said he.

+

+"Certainly, Mr. Pycroft, certainly," the other resumed in a calmer tone.

+"You may wait here a moment; and there is no reason why your friends

+should not wait with you. I will be entirely at your service in three

+minutes, if I might trespass upon your patience so far." He rose with a

+very courteous air, and, bowing to us, he passed out through a door at

+the farther end of the room, which he closed behind him.

+

+"What now?" whispered Holmes. "Is he giving us the slip?"

+

+"Impossible," answered Pycroft.

+

+"Why so?"

+

+"That door leads into an inner room."

+

+"There is no exit?"

+

+"None."

+

+"Is it furnished?"

+

+"It was empty yesterday."

+

+"Then what on earth can he be doing? There is something which I don't

+understand in this manner. If ever a man was three parts mad with

+terror, that man's name is Pinner. What can have put the shivers on

+him?"

+

+"He suspects that we are detectives," I suggested.

+

+"That's it," cried Pycroft.

+

+Holmes shook his head. "He did not turn pale. He was pale when we

+entered the room," said he. "It is just possible that--"

+

+His words were interrupted by a sharp rat-tat from the direction of the

+inner door.

+

+"What the deuce is he knocking at his own door for?" cried the clerk.

+

+Again and much louder came the rat-tat-tat. We all gazed expectantly at

+the closed door. Glancing at Holmes, I saw his face turn rigid, and he

+leaned forward in intense excitement. Then suddenly came a low guggling,

+gargling sound, and a brisk drumming upon woodwork. Holmes sprang

+frantically across the room and pushed at the door. It was fastened on

+the inner side. Following his example, we threw ourselves upon it with

+all our weight. One hinge snapped, then the other, and down came the

+door with a crash. Rushing over it, we found ourselves in the inner

+room. It was empty.

+

+But it was only for a moment that we were at fault. At one corner, the

+corner nearest the room which we had left, there was a second door.

+Holmes sprang to it and pulled it open. A coat and waistcoat were lying

+on the floor, and from a hook behind the door, with his own braces

+round his neck, was hanging the managing director of the Franco-Midland

+Hardware Company. His knees were drawn up, his head hung at a dreadful

+angle to his body, and the clatter of his heels against the door made

+the noise which had broken in upon our conversation. In an instant I

+had caught him round the waist, and held him up while Holmes and Pycroft

+untied the elastic bands which had disappeared between the livid creases

+of skin. Then we carried him into the other room, where he lay with

+a clay-colored face, puffing his purple lips in and out with every

+breath--a dreadful wreck of all that he had been but five minutes

+before.

+

+"What do you think of him, Watson?" asked Holmes.

+

+I stooped over him and examined him. His pulse was feeble and

+intermittent, but his breathing grew longer, and there was a little

+shivering of his eyelids, which showed a thin white slit of ball

+beneath.

+

+"It has been touch and go with him," said I, "but he'll live now. Just

+open that window, and hand me the water carafe." I undid his collar,

+poured the cold water over his face, and raised and sank his arms until

+he drew a long, natural breath. "It's only a question of time now," said

+I, as I turned away from him.

+

+Holmes stood by the table, with his hands deep in his trouser's pockets

+and his chin upon his breast.

+

+"I suppose we ought to call the police in now," said he. "And yet I

+confess that I'd like to give them a complete case when they come."

+

+"It's a blessed mystery to me," cried Pycroft, scratching his head.

+"Whatever they wanted to bring me all the way up here for, and then--"

+

+"Pooh! All that is clear enough," said Holmes impatiently. "It is this

+last sudden move."

+

+"You understand the rest, then?"

+

+"I think that it is fairly obvious. What do you say, Watson?"

+

+I shrugged my shoulders. "I must confess that I am out of my depths,"

+said I.

+

+"Oh surely if you consider the events at first they can only point to

+one conclusion."

+

+"What do you make of them?"

+

+"Well, the whole thing hinges upon two points. The first is the making

+of Pycroft write a declaration by which he entered the service of this

+preposterous company. Do you not see how very suggestive that is?"

+

+"I am afraid I miss the point."

+

+"Well, why did they want him to do it? Not as a business matter, for

+these arrangements are usually verbal, and there was no earthly business

+reason why this should be an exception. Don't you see, my young friend,

+that they were very anxious to obtain a specimen of your handwriting,

+and had no other way of doing it?"

+

+"And why?"

+

+"Quite so. Why? When we answer that we have made some progress with our

+little problem. Why? There can be only one adequate reason. Some one

+wanted to learn to imitate your writing, and had to procure a specimen

+of it first. And now if we pass on to the second point we find that each

+throws light upon the other. That point is the request made by Pinner

+that you should not resign your place, but should leave the manager of

+this important business in the full expectation that a Mr. Hall Pycroft,

+whom he had never seen, was about to enter the office upon the Monday

+morning."

+

+"My God!" cried our client, "what a blind beetle I have been!"

+

+"Now you see the point about the handwriting. Suppose that some one

+turned up in your place who wrote a completely different hand from that

+in which you had applied for the vacancy, of course the game would have

+been up. But in the interval the rogue had learned to imitate you,

+and his position was therefore secure, as I presume that nobody in the

+office had ever set eyes upon you."

+

+"Not a soul," groaned Hall Pycroft.

+

+"Very good. Of course it was of the utmost importance to prevent you

+from thinking better of it, and also to keep you from coming into

+contact with any one who might tell you that your double was at work

+in Mawson's office. Therefore they gave you a handsome advance on your

+salary, and ran you off to the Midlands, where they gave you enough work

+to do to prevent your going to London, where you might have burst their

+little game up. That is all plain enough."

+

+"But why should this man pretend to be his own brother?"

+

+"Well, that is pretty clear also. There are evidently only two of them

+in it. The other is impersonating you at the office. This one acted

+as your engager, and then found that he could not find you an employer

+without admitting a third person into his plot. That he was most

+unwilling to do. He changed his appearance as far as he could, and

+trusted that the likeness, which you could not fail to observe, would be

+put down to a family resemblance. But for the happy chance of the gold

+stuffing, your suspicions would probably never have been aroused."

+

+Hall Pycroft shook his clinched hands in the air. "Good Lord!" he cried,

+"while I have been fooled in this way, what has this other Hall Pycroft

+been doing at Mawson's? What should we do, Mr. Holmes? Tell me what to

+do."

+

+"We must wire to Mawson's."

+

+"They shut at twelve on Saturdays."

+

+"Never mind. There may be some door-keeper or attendant--"

+

+"Ah yes, they keep a permanent guard there on account of the value of

+the securities that they hold. I remember hearing it talked of in the

+City."

+

+"Very good; we shall wire to him, and see if all is well, and if a clerk

+of your name is working there. That is clear enough; but what is not so

+clear is why at sight of us one of the rogues should instantly walk out

+of the room and hang himself."

+

+"The paper!" croaked a voice behind us. The man was sitting up, blanched

+and ghastly, with returning reason in his eyes, and hands which rubbed

+nervously at the broad red band which still encircled his throat.

+

+"The paper! Of course!" yelled Holmes, in a paroxysm of excitement.

+"Idiot that I was! I thought so much of our visit that the paper never

+entered my head for an instant. To be sure, the secret must be there."

+He flattened it out upon the table, and a cry of triumph burst from his

+lips. "Look at this, Watson," he cried. "It is a London paper, an early

+edition of the Evening Standard. Here is what we want. Look at the

+headlines: 'Crime in the City. Murder at Mawson & Williams's. Gigantic

+attempted Robbery. Capture of the Criminal.' Here, Watson, we are all

+equally anxious to hear it, so kindly read it aloud to us."

+

+It appeared from its position in the paper to have been the one event of

+importance in town, and the account of it ran in this way:

+

+"A desperate attempt at robbery, culminating in the death of one man and

+the capture of the criminal, occurred this afternoon in the City. For

+some time back Mawson & Williams, the famous financial house, have been

+the guardians of securities which amount in the aggregate to a sum of

+considerably over a million sterling. So conscious was the manager of

+the responsibility which devolved upon him in consequence of the great

+interests at stake that safes of the very latest construction have

+been employed, and an armed watchman has been left day and night in the

+building. It appears that last week a new clerk named Hall Pycroft was

+engaged by the firm. This person appears to have been none other that

+Beddington, the famous forger and cracksman, who, with his brother, had

+only recently emerged from a five years' spell of penal servitude. By

+some means, which are not yet clear, he succeeded in winning, under a

+false name, this official position in the office, which he utilized in

+order to obtain moulding of various locks, and a thorough knowledge of

+the position of the strong room and the safes.

+

+"It is customary at Mawson's for the clerks to leave at midday on

+Saturday. Sergeant Tuson, of the City Police, was somewhat surprised,

+therefore to see a gentleman with a carpet bag come down the steps at

+twenty minutes past one. His suspicions being aroused, the sergeant

+followed the man, and with the aid of Constable Pollock succeeded, after

+a most desperate resistance, in arresting him. It was at once clear

+that a daring and gigantic robbery had been committed. Nearly a hundred

+thousand pounds' worth of American railway bonds, with a large amount

+of scrip in mines and other companies, was discovered in the bag. On

+examining the premises the body of the unfortunate watchman was found

+doubled up and thrust into the largest of the safes, where it would not

+have been discovered until Monday morning had it not been for the prompt

+action of Sergeant Tuson. The man's skull had been shattered by a

+blow from a poker delivered from behind. There could be no doubt

+that Beddington had obtained entrance by pretending that he had left

+something behind him, and having murdered the watchman, rapidly rifled

+the large safe, and then made off with his booty. His brother, who

+usually works with him, has not appeared in this job as far as can

+at present be ascertained, although the police are making energetic

+inquiries as to his whereabouts."

+

+"Well, we may save the police some little trouble in that direction,"

+said Holmes, glancing at the haggard figure huddled up by the window.

+"Human nature is a strange mixture, Watson. You see that even a villain

+and murderer can inspire such affection that his brother turns to

+suicide when he learns that his neck is forfeited. However, we have

+no choice as to our action. The doctor and I will remain on guard, Mr.

+Pycroft, if you will have the kindness to step out for the police."

+

+

+

+

+Adventure IV. The "_Gloria Scott_"

+

+

+"I have some papers here," said my friend Sherlock Holmes, as we sat

+one winter's night on either side of the fire, "which I really think,

+Watson, that it would be worth your while to glance over. These are the

+documents in the extraordinary case of the Gloria Scott, and this is the

+message which struck Justice of the Peace Trevor dead with horror when

+he read it."

+

+He had picked from a drawer a little tarnished cylinder, and, undoing

+the tape, he handed me a short note scrawled upon a half-sheet of

+slate-gray paper.

+

+"The supply of game for London is going steadily up," it ran.

+"Head-keeper Hudson, we believe, has been now told to receive all orders

+for fly-paper and for preservation of your hen-pheasant's life."

+

+As I glanced up from reading this enigmatical message, I saw Holmes

+chuckling at the expression upon my face.

+

+"You look a little bewildered," said he.

+

+"I cannot see how such a message as this could inspire horror. It seems

+to me to be rather grotesque than otherwise."

+

+"Very likely. Yet the fact remains that the reader, who was a fine,

+robust old man, was knocked clean down by it as if it had been the butt

+end of a pistol."

+

+"You arouse my curiosity," said I. "But why did you say just now that

+there were very particular reasons why I should study this case?"

+

+"Because it was the first in which I was ever engaged."

+

+I had often endeavored to elicit from my companion what had first turned

+his mind in the direction of criminal research, but had never caught him

+before in a communicative humor. Now he sat forward in this arm-chair

+and spread out the documents upon his knees. Then he lit his pipe and

+sat for some time smoking and turning them over.

+

+"You never heard me talk of Victor Trevor?" he asked. "He was the only

+friend I made during the two years I was at college. I was never a very

+sociable fellow, Watson, always rather fond of moping in my rooms and

+working out my own little methods of thought, so that I never mixed

+much with the men of my year. Bar fencing and boxing I had few athletic

+tastes, and then my line of study was quite distinct from that of the

+other fellows, so that we had no points of contact at all. Trevor was

+the only man I knew, and that only through the accident of his bull

+terrier freezing on to my ankle one morning as I went down to chapel.

+

+"It was a prosaic way of forming a friendship, but it was effective.

+I was laid by the heels for ten days, but Trevor used to come in to

+inquire after me. At first it was only a minute's chat, but soon his

+visits lengthened, and before the end of the term we were close friends.

+He was a hearty, full-blooded fellow, full of spirits and energy,

+the very opposite to me in most respects, but we had some subjects

+in common, and it was a bond of union when I found that he was as

+friendless as I. Finally, he invited me down to his father's place at

+Donnithorpe, in Norfolk, and I accepted his hospitality for a month of

+the long vacation.

+

+"Old Trevor was evidently a man of some wealth and consideration, a

+J.P., and a landed proprietor. Donnithorpe is a little hamlet just to

+the north of Langmere, in the country of the Broads. The house was

+an old-fashioned, wide-spread, oak-beamed brick building, with a fine

+lime-lined avenue leading up to it. There was excellent wild-duck

+shooting in the fens, remarkably good fishing, a small but select

+library, taken over, as I understood, from a former occupant, and a

+tolerable cook, so that he would be a fastidious man who could not put

+in a pleasant month there.

+

+"Trevor senior was a widower, and my friend his only son.

+

+"There had been a daughter, I heard, but she had died of diphtheria

+while on a visit to Birmingham. The father interested me extremely.

+He was a man of little culture, but with a considerable amount of rude

+strength, both physically and mentally. He knew hardly any books, but

+he had traveled far, had seen much of the world. And had remembered

+all that he had learned. In person he was a thick-set, burly man with

+a shock of grizzled hair, a brown, weather-beaten face, and blue eyes

+which were keen to the verge of fierceness. Yet he had a reputation for

+kindness and charity on the country-side, and was noted for the leniency

+of his sentences from the bench.

+

+"One evening, shortly after my arrival, we were sitting over a glass of

+port after dinner, when young Trevor began to talk about those habits

+of observation and inference which I had already formed into a system,

+although I had not yet appreciated the part which they were to play in

+my life. The old man evidently thought that his son was exaggerating in

+his description of one or two trivial feats which I had performed.

+

+"'Come, now, Mr. Holmes,' said he, laughing good-humoredly. 'I'm an

+excellent subject, if you can deduce anything from me.'

+

+"'I fear there is not very much,' I answered; 'I might suggest that

+you have gone about in fear of some personal attack within the last

+twelvemonth.'

+

+"The laugh faded from his lips, and he stared at me in great surprise.

+

+"'Well, that's true enough,' said he. 'You know, Victor,' turning to his

+son, 'when we broke up that poaching gang they swore to knife us, and

+Sir Edward Holly has actually been attacked. I've always been on my

+guard since then, though I have no idea how you know it.'

+

+"'You have a very handsome stick,' I answered. 'By the inscription I

+observed that you had not had it more than a year. But you have taken

+some pains to bore the head of it and pour melted lead into the hole so

+as to make it a formidable weapon. I argued that you would not take such

+precautions unless you had some danger to fear.'

+

+"'Anything else?' he asked, smiling.

+

+"'You have boxed a good deal in your youth.'

+

+"'Right again. How did you know it? Is my nose knocked a little out of

+the straight?'

+

+"'No,' said I. 'It is your ears. They have the peculiar flattening and

+thickening which marks the boxing man.'

+

+"'Anything else?'

+

+"'You have done a good deal of digging by your callosities.'

+

+"'Made all my money at the gold fields.'

+

+"'You have been in New Zealand.'

+

+"'Right again.'

+

+"'You have visited Japan.'

+

+"'Quite true.'

+

+"'And you have been most intimately associated with some one whose

+initials were J. A., and whom you afterwards were eager to entirely

+forget.'

+

+"Mr. Trevor stood slowly up, fixed his large blue eyes upon me with a

+strange wild stare, and then pitched forward, with his face among the

+nutshells which strewed the cloth, in a dead faint.

+

+"You can imagine, Watson, how shocked both his son and I were. His

+attack did not last long, however, for when we undid his collar, and

+sprinkled the water from one of the finger-glasses over his face, he

+gave a gasp or two and sat up.

+

+"'Ah, boys,' said he, forcing a smile, 'I hope I haven't frightened you.

+Strong as I look, there is a weak place in my heart, and it does not

+take much to knock me over. I don't know how you manage this, Mr.

+Holmes, but it seems to me that all the detectives of fact and of fancy

+would be children in your hands. That's your line of life, sir, and you

+may take the word of a man who has seen something of the world.'

+

+"And that recommendation, with the exaggerated estimate of my ability

+with which he prefaced it, was, if you will believe me, Watson, the very

+first thing which ever made me feel that a profession might be made

+out of what had up to that time been the merest hobby. At the moment,

+however, I was too much concerned at the sudden illness of my host to

+think of anything else.

+

+"'I hope that I have said nothing to pain you?' said I.

+

+"'Well, you certainly touched upon rather a tender point. Might I ask

+how you know, and how much you know?' He spoke now in a half-jesting

+fashion, but a look of terror still lurked at the back of his eyes.

+

+"'It is simplicity itself,' said I. 'When you bared your arm to draw

+that fish into the boat I saw that J. A. Had been tattooed in the bend

+of the elbow. The letters were still legible, but it was perfectly clear

+from their blurred appearance, and from the staining of the skin round

+them, that efforts had been made to obliterate them. It was obvious,

+then, that those initials had once been very familiar to you, and that

+you had afterwards wished to forget them.'

+

+"What an eye you have!" he cried, with a sigh of relief. 'It is just as

+you say. But we won't talk of it. Of all ghosts the ghosts of our old

+lovers are the worst. Come into the billiard-room and have a quiet

+cigar.'

+

+

+"From that day, amid all his cordiality, there was always a touch of

+suspicion in Mr. Trevor's manner towards me. Even his son remarked it.

+'You've given the governor such a turn,' said he, 'that he'll never be

+sure again of what you know and what you don't know.' He did not mean

+to show it, I am sure, but it was so strongly in his mind that it peeped

+out at every action. At last I became so convinced that I was causing

+him uneasiness that I drew my visit to a close. On the very day,

+however, before I left, and incident occurred which proved in the sequel

+to be of importance.

+

+"We were sitting out upon the lawn on garden chairs, the three of us,

+basking in the sun and admiring the view across the Broads, when a maid

+came out to say that there was a man at the door who wanted to see Mr.

+Trevor.

+

+"'What is his name?' asked my host.

+

+"'He would not give any.'

+

+"'What does he want, then?'

+

+"'He says that you know him, and that he only wants a moment's

+conversation.'

+

+"'Show him round here.' An instant afterwards there appeared a little

+wizened fellow with a cringing manner and a shambling style of

+walking. He wore an open jacket, with a splotch of tar on the sleeve,

+a red-and-black check shirt, dungaree trousers, and heavy boots badly

+worn. His face was thin and brown and crafty, with a perpetual smile

+upon it, which showed an irregular line of yellow teeth, and his

+crinkled hands were half closed in a way that is distinctive of sailors.

+As he came slouching across the lawn I heard Mr. Trevor make a sort of

+hiccoughing noise in his throat, and jumping out of his chair, he ran

+into the house. He was back in a moment, and I smelt a strong reek of

+brandy as he passed me.

+

+"'Well, my man,' said he. 'What can I do for you?'

+

+"The sailor stood looking at him with puckered eyes, and with the same

+loose-lipped smile upon his face.

+

+"'You don't know me?' he asked.

+

+"'Why, dear me, it is surely Hudson,' said Mr. Trevor in a tone of

+surprise.

+

+"'Hudson it is, sir,' said the seaman. 'Why, it's thirty year and more

+since I saw you last. Here you are in your house, and me still picking

+my salt meat out of the harness cask.'

+

+"'Tut, you will find that I have not forgotten old times,' cried Mr.

+Trevor, and, walking towards the sailor, he said something in a low

+voice. 'Go into the kitchen,' he continued out loud, 'and you will get

+food and drink. I have no doubt that I shall find you a situation.'

+

+"'Thank you, sir,' said the seaman, touching his fore-lock. 'I'm just

+off a two-yearer in an eight-knot tramp, short-handed at that, and I

+wants a rest. I thought I'd get it either with Mr. Beddoes or with you.'

+

+"'Ah!' cried Trevor. 'You know where Mr. Beddoes is?'

+

+"'Bless you, sir, I know where all my old friends are,' said the

+fellow with a sinister smile, and he slouched off after the maid to the

+kitchen. Mr. Trevor mumbled something to us about having been shipmate

+with the man when he was going back to the diggings, and then, leaving

+us on the lawn, he went indoors. An hour later, when we entered the

+house, we found him stretched dead drunk upon the dining-room sofa. The

+whole incident left a most ugly impression upon my mind, and I was

+not sorry next day to leave Donnithorpe behind me, for I felt that my

+presence must be a source of embarrassment to my friend.

+

+"All this occurred during the first month of the long vacation. I went

+up to my London rooms, where I spent seven weeks working out a few

+experiments in organic chemistry. One day, however, when the autumn was

+far advanced and the vacation drawing to a close, I received a telegram

+from my friend imploring me to return to Donnithorpe, and saying that

+he was in great need of my advice and assistance. Of course I dropped

+everything and set out for the North once more.

+

+"He met me with the dog-cart at the station, and I saw at a glance that

+the last two months had been very trying ones for him. He had grown thin

+and careworn, and had lost the loud, cheery manner for which he had been

+remarkable.

+

+"'The governor is dying,' were the first words he said.

+

+"'Impossible!' I cried. 'What is the matter?'

+

+"'Apoplexy. Nervous shock, He's been on the verge all day. I doubt if we

+shall find him alive.'

+

+"I was, as you may think, Watson, horrified at this unexpected news.

+

+"'What has caused it?' I asked.

+

+"'Ah, that is the point. Jump in and we can talk it over while we drive.

+You remember that fellow who came upon the evening before you left us?'

+

+"'Perfectly.'

+

+"'Do you know who it was that we let into the house that day?'

+

+"'I have no idea.'

+

+"'It was the devil, Holmes,' he cried.

+

+"I stared at him in astonishment.

+

+"'Yes, it was the devil himself. We have not had a peaceful hour

+since--not one. The governor has never held up his head from that

+evening, and now the life has been crushed out of him and his heart

+broken, all through this accursed Hudson.'

+

+"'What power had he, then?'

+

+"'Ah, that is what I would give so much to know. The kindly, charitable,

+good old governor--how could he have fallen into the clutches of such a

+ruffian! But I am so glad that you have come, Holmes. I trust very much

+to your judgment and discretion, and I know that you will advise me for

+the best.'

+

+"We were dashing along the smooth white country road, with the long

+stretch of the Broads in front of us glimmering in the red light of the

+setting sun. From a grove upon our left I could already see the high

+chimneys and the flag-staff which marked the squire's dwelling.

+

+"'My father made the fellow gardener,' said my companion, 'and then, as

+that did not satisfy him, he was promoted to be butler. The house seemed

+to be at his mercy, and he wandered about and did what he chose in it.

+The maids complained of his drunken habits and his vile language. The

+dad raised their wages all round to recompense them for the annoyance.

+The fellow would take the boat and my father's best gun and treat

+himself to little shooting trips. And all this with such a sneering,

+leering, insolent face that I would have knocked him down twenty times

+over if he had been a man of my own age. I tell you, Holmes, I have

+had to keep a tight hold upon myself all this time; and now I am asking

+myself whether, if I had let myself go a little more, I might not have

+been a wiser man.

+

+"'Well, matters went from bad to worse with us, and this animal Hudson

+became more and more intrusive, until at last, on making some insolent

+reply to my father in my presence one day, I took him by the shoulders

+and turned him out of the room. He slunk away with a livid face and two

+venomous eyes which uttered more threats than his tongue could do. I

+don't know what passed between the poor dad and him after that, but the

+dad came to me next day and asked me whether I would mind apologizing to

+Hudson. I refused, as you can imagine, and asked my father how he

+could allow such a wretch to take such liberties with himself and his

+household.

+

+"'"Ah, my boy," said he, "it is all very well to talk, but you don't

+know how I am placed. But you shall know, Victor. I'll see that you

+shall know, come what may. You wouldn't believe harm of your poor old

+father, would you, lad?" He was very much moved, and shut himself up

+in the study all day, where I could see through the window that he was

+writing busily.

+

+"'That evening there came what seemed to me to be a grand release,

+for Hudson told us that he was going to leave us. He walked into the

+dining-room as we sat after dinner, and announced his intention in the

+thick voice of a half-drunken man.

+

+"'"I've had enough of Norfolk," said he. "I'll run down to Mr. Beddoes

+in Hampshire. He'll be as glad to see me as you were, I dare say."

+

+"'"You're not going away in an unkind spirit, Hudson, I hope," said my

+father, with a tameness which made my blood boil.

+

+"'"I've not had my 'pology," said he sulkily, glancing in my direction.

+

+"'"Victor, you will acknowledge that you have used this worthy fellow

+rather roughly," said the dad, turning to me.

+

+"'"On the contrary, I think that we have both shown extraordinary

+patience towards him," I answered.

+

+"'"Oh, you do, do you?" he snarls. "Very good, mate. We'll see about

+that!"

+

+"'He slouched out of the room, and half an hour afterwards left the

+house, leaving my father in a state of pitiable nervousness. Night after

+night I heard him pacing his room, and it was just as he was recovering

+his confidence that the blow did at last fall.'

+

+"'And how?' I asked eagerly.

+

+"'In a most extraordinary fashion. A letter arrived for my father

+yesterday evening, bearing the Fordingbridge post-mark. My father read

+it, clapped both his hands to his head, and began running round the room

+in little circles like a man who has been driven out of his senses. When

+I at last drew him down on to the sofa, his mouth and eyelids were all

+puckered on one side, and I saw that he had a stroke. Dr. Fordham came

+over at once. We put him to bed; but the paralysis has spread, he has

+shown no sign of returning consciousness, and I think that we shall

+hardly find him alive.'

+

+"'You horrify me, Trevor!' I cried. 'What then could have been in this

+letter to cause so dreadful a result?'

+

+"'Nothing. There lies the inexplicable part of it. The message was

+absurd and trivial. Ah, my God, it is as I feared!'

+

+"As he spoke we came round the curve of the avenue, and saw in the

+fading light that every blind in the house had been drawn down. As

+we dashed up to the door, my friend's face convulsed with grief, a

+gentleman in black emerged from it.

+

+"'When did it happen, doctor?' asked Trevor.

+

+"'Almost immediately after you left.'

+

+"'Did he recover consciousness?'

+

+"'For an instant before the end.'

+

+"'Any message for me.'

+

+"'Only that the papers were in the back drawer of the Japanese cabinet.'

+

+"My friend ascended with the doctor to the chamber of death, while I

+remained in the study, turning the whole matter over and over in my

+head, and feeling as sombre as ever I had done in my life. What was the

+past of this Trevor, pugilist, traveler, and gold-digger, and how had he

+placed himself in the power of this acid-faced seaman? Why, too, should

+he faint at an allusion to the half-effaced initials upon his arm, and

+die of fright when he had a letter from Fordingham? Then I remembered

+that Fordingham was in Hampshire, and that this Mr. Beddoes, whom the

+seaman had gone to visit and presumably to blackmail, had also been

+mentioned as living in Hampshire. The letter, then, might either come

+from Hudson, the seaman, saying that he had betrayed the guilty secret

+which appeared to exist, or it might come from Beddoes, warning an old

+confederate that such a betrayal was imminent. So far it seemed clear

+enough. But then how could this letter be trivial and grotesque, as

+describe by the son? He must have misread it. If so, it must have been

+one of those ingenious secret codes which mean one thing while they seem

+to mean another. I must see this letter. If there were a hidden meaning

+in it, I was confident that I could pluck it forth. For an hour I sat

+pondering over it in the gloom, until at last a weeping maid brought in

+a lamp, and close at her heels came my friend Trevor, pale but composed,

+with these very papers which lie upon my knee held in his grasp. He sat

+down opposite to me, drew the lamp to the edge of the table, and handed

+me a short note scribbled, as you see, upon a single sheet of gray

+paper. 'The supply of game for London is going steadily up,' it ran.

+'Head-keeper Hudson, we believe, has been now told to receive all orders

+for fly-paper and for preservation of your hen-pheasant's life.'

+

+"I dare say my face looked as bewildered as yours did just now when

+first I read this message. Then I reread it very carefully. It was

+evidently as I had thought, and some secret meaning must lie buried

+in this strange combination of words. Or could it be that there was

+a prearranged significance to such phrases as 'fly-paper' and

+'hen-pheasant'? Such a meaning would be arbitrary and could not be

+deduced in any way. And yet I was loath to believe that this was the

+case, and the presence of the word Hudson seemed to show that the

+subject of the message was as I had guessed, and that it was from

+Beddoes rather than the sailor. I tried it backwards, but the

+combination 'life pheasant's hen' was not encouraging. Then I tried

+alternate words, but neither 'the of for' nor 'supply game London'

+promised to throw any light upon it.

+

+"And then in an instant the key of the riddle was in my hands, and I saw

+that every third word, beginning with the first, would give a message

+which might well drive old Trevor to despair.

+

+"It was short and terse, the warning, as I now read it to my companion:

+

+"'The game is up. Hudson has told all. Fly for your life.'

+

+"Victor Trevor sank his face into his shaking hands. 'It must be that,

+I suppose,' said he. "This is worse than death, for it means disgrace

+as well. But what is the meaning of these "head-keepers" and

+"hen-pheasants"?'

+

+"'It means nothing to the message, but it might mean a good deal to us

+if we had no other means of discovering the sender. You see that he has

+begun by writing "The...game...is," and so on. Afterwards he had, to

+fulfill the prearranged cipher, to fill in any two words in each space.

+He would naturally use the first words which came to his mind, and

+if there were so many which referred to sport among them, you may

+be tolerably sure that he is either an ardent shot or interested in

+breeding. Do you know anything of this Beddoes?'

+

+"'Why, now that you mention it,' said he, 'I remember that my poor

+father used to have an invitation from him to shoot over his preserves

+every autumn.'

+

+"'Then it is undoubtedly from him that the note comes,' said I. 'It only

+remains for us to find out what this secret was which the sailor Hudson

+seems to have held over the heads of these two wealthy and respected

+men.'

+

+"'Alas, Holmes, I fear that it is one of sin and shame!' cried my

+friend. 'But from you I shall have no secrets. Here is the statement

+which was drawn up by my father when he knew that the danger from Hudson

+had become imminent. I found it in the Japanese cabinet, as he told the

+doctor. Take it and read it to me, for I have neither the strength nor

+the courage to do it myself.'

+

+"These are the very papers, Watson, which he handed to me, and I will

+read them to you, as I read them in the old study that night to him.

+They are endorsed outside, as you see, 'Some particulars of the voyage

+of the bark _Gloria Scott_, from her leaving Falmouth on the 8th

+October, 1855, to her destruction in N. Lat. 15 degrees 20', W. Long.

+25 degrees 14' on Nov. 6th.' It is in the form of a letter, and runs in

+this way:

+

+"'My dear, dear son, now that approaching disgrace begins to darken the

+closing years of my life, I can write with all truth and honesty that it

+is not the terror of the law, it is not the loss of my position in the

+county, nor is it my fall in the eyes of all who have known me, which

+cuts me to the heart; but it is the thought that you should come to

+blush for me--you who love me and who have seldom, I hope, had reason to

+do other than respect me. But if the blow falls which is forever hanging

+over me, then I should wish you to read this, that you may know straight

+from me how far I have been to blame. On the other hand, if all should

+go well (which may kind God Almighty grant!), then if by any chance this

+paper should be still undestroyed and should fall into your hands, I

+conjure you, by all you hold sacred, by the memory of your dear mother,

+and by the love which had been between us, to hurl it into the fire and

+to never give one thought to it again.

+

+"'If then your eye goes on to read this line, I know that I shall

+already have been exposed and dragged from my home, or as is more

+likely, for you know that my heart is weak, by lying with my tongue

+sealed forever in death. In either case the time for suppression is

+past, and every word which I tell you is the naked truth, and this I

+swear as I hope for mercy.

+

+"'My name, dear lad, is not Trevor. I was James Armitage in my younger

+days, and you can understand now the shock that it was to me a few weeks

+ago when your college friend addressed me in words which seemed to imply

+that he had surprised my secret. As Armitage it was that I entered a

+London banking-house, and as Armitage I was convicted of breaking my

+country's laws, and was sentenced to transportation. Do not think very

+harshly of me, laddie. It was a debt of honor, so called, which I had

+to pay, and I used money which was not my own to do it, in the certainty

+that I could replace it before there could be any possibility of its

+being missed. But the most dreadful ill-luck pursued me. The money which

+I had reckoned upon never came to hand, and a premature examination of

+accounts exposed my deficit. The case might have been dealt leniently

+with, but the laws were more harshly administered thirty years ago than

+now, and on my twenty-third birthday I found myself chained as a felon

+with thirty-seven other convicts in 'tween-decks of the bark _Gloria

+Scott_, bound for Australia.

+

+"'It was the year '55 when the Crimean war was at its height, and the

+old convict ships had been largely used as transports in the Black

+Sea. The government was compelled, therefore, to use smaller and less

+suitable vessels for sending out their prisoners. The Gloria Scott

+had been in the Chinese tea-trade, but she was an old-fashioned,

+heavy-bowed, broad-beamed craft, and the new clippers had cut her

+out. She was a five-hundred-ton boat; and besides her thirty-eight

+jail-birds, she carried twenty-six of a crew, eighteen soldiers, a

+captain, three mates, a doctor, a chaplain, and four warders. Nearly a

+hundred souls were in her, all told, when we set sail from Falmouth.

+

+"'The partitions between the cells of the convicts, instead of being of

+thick oak, as is usual in convict-ships, were quite thin and frail.

+The man next to me, upon the aft side, was one whom I had particularly

+noticed when we were led down the quay. He was a young man with a

+clear, hairless face, a long, thin nose, and rather nut-cracker jaws.

+He carried his head very jauntily in the air, had a swaggering style

+of walking, and was, above all else, remarkable for his extraordinary

+height. I don't think any of our heads would have come up to his

+shoulder, and I am sure that he could not have measured less than six

+and a half feet. It was strange among so many sad and weary faces to see

+one which was full of energy and resolution. The sight of it was to me

+like a fire in a snow-storm. I was glad, then, to find that he was my

+neighbor, and gladder still when, in the dead of the night, I heard a

+whisper close to my ear, and found that he had managed to cut an opening

+in the board which separated us.

+

+"'"Hullo, chummy!" said he, "what's your name, and what are you here

+for?"

+

+"'I answered him, and asked in turn who I was talking with.

+

+"'"I'm Jack Prendergast," said he, "and by God! You'll learn to bless my

+name before you've done with me."

+

+"'I remembered hearing of his case, for it was one which had made an

+immense sensation throughout the country some time before my own arrest.

+He was a man of good family and of great ability, but of incurably

+vicious habits, who had by an ingenious system of fraud obtained huge

+sums of money from the leading London merchants.

+

+"'"Ha, ha! You remember my case!" said he proudly.

+

+"'"Very well, indeed."

+

+"'"Then maybe you remember something queer about it?"

+

+"'"What was that, then?"

+

+"'"I'd had nearly a quarter of a million, hadn't I?"

+

+"'"So it was said."

+

+"'"But none was recovered, eh?"

+

+"'"No."

+

+"'"Well, where d'ye suppose the balance is?" he asked.

+

+"'"I have no idea," said I.

+

+"'"Right between my finger and thumb," he cried. "By God! I've got more

+pounds to my name than you've hairs on your head. And if you've money,

+my son, and know how to handle it and spread it, you can do anything.

+Now, you don't think it likely that a man who could do anything is going

+to wear his breeches out sitting in the stinking hold of a rat-gutted,

+beetle-ridden, mouldy old coffin of a Chin China coaster. No, sir, such

+a man will look after himself and will look after his chums. You may lay

+to that! You hold on to him, and you may kiss the book that he'll haul

+you through."

+

+"'That was his style of talk, and at first I thought it meant nothing;

+but after a while, when he had tested me and sworn me in with all

+possible solemnity, he let me understand that there really was a plot

+to gain command of the vessel. A dozen of the prisoners had hatched it

+before they came aboard, Prendergast was the leader, and his money was

+the motive power.

+

+"'"I'd a partner," said he, "a rare good man, as true as a stock to a

+barrel. He's got the dibbs, he has, and where do you think he is at this

+moment? Why, he's the chaplain of this ship--the chaplain, no less! He

+came aboard with a black coat, and his papers right, and money enough in

+his box to buy the thing right up from keel to main-truck. The crew

+are his, body and soul. He could buy 'em at so much a gross with a cash

+discount, and he did it before ever they signed on. He's got two of the

+warders and Mereer, the second mate, and he'd get the captain himself,

+if he thought him worth it."

+

+"'"What are we to do, then?" I asked.

+

+"'"What do you think?" said he. "We'll make the coats of some of these

+soldiers redder than ever the tailor did."

+

+"'"But they are armed," said I.

+

+"'"And so shall we be, my boy. There's a brace of pistols for every

+mother's son of us, and if we can't carry this ship, with the crew at

+our back, it's time we were all sent to a young misses' boarding-school.

+You speak to your mate upon the left to-night, and see if he is to be

+trusted."

+

+"'I did so, and found my other neighbor to be a young fellow in much

+the same position as myself, whose crime had been forgery. His name was

+Evans, but he afterwards changed it, like myself, and he is now a rich

+and prosperous man in the south of England. He was ready enough to join

+the conspiracy, as the only means of saving ourselves, and before we had

+crossed the Bay there were only two of the prisoners who were not in the

+secret. One of these was of weak mind, and we did not dare to trust him,

+and the other was suffering from jaundice, and could not be of any use

+to us.

+

+"'From the beginning there was really nothing to prevent us from taking

+possession of the ship. The crew were a set of ruffians, specially

+picked for the job. The sham chaplain came into our cells to exhort us,

+carrying a black bag, supposed to be full of tracts, and so often did

+he come that by the third day we had each stowed away at the foot of our

+beds a file, a brace of pistols, a pound of powder, and twenty slugs.

+Two of the warders were agents of Prendergast, and the second mate was

+his right-hand man. The captain, the two mates, two warders Lieutenant

+Martin, his eighteen soldiers, and the doctor were all that we had

+against us. Yet, safe as it was, we determined to neglect no precaution,

+and to make our attack suddenly by night. It came, however, more quickly

+than we expected, and in this way.

+

+"'One evening, about the third week after our start, the doctor had come

+down to see one of the prisoners who was ill, and putting his hand down

+on the bottom of his bunk he felt the outline of the pistols. If he had

+been silent he might have blown the whole thing, but he was a nervous

+little chap, so he gave a cry of surprise and turned so pale that the

+man knew what was up in an instant and seized him. He was gagged before

+he could give the alarm, and tied down upon the bed. He had unlocked

+the door that led to the deck, and we were through it in a rush. The two

+sentries were shot down, and so was a corporal who came running to see

+what was the matter. There were two more soldiers at the door of the

+state-room, and their muskets seemed not to be loaded, for they never

+fired upon us, and they were shot while trying to fix their bayonets.

+Then we rushed on into the captain's cabin, but as we pushed open the

+door there was an explosion from within, and there he lay with his

+brains smeared over the chart of the Atlantic which was pinned upon the

+table, while the chaplain stood with a smoking pistol in his hand at

+his elbow. The two mates had both been seized by the crew, and the whole

+business seemed to be settled.

+

+"'The state-room was next the cabin, and we flocked in there and flopped

+down on the settees, all speaking together, for we were just mad with

+the feeling that we were free once more. There were lockers all round,

+and Wilson, the sham chaplain, knocked one of them in, and pulled out a

+dozen of brown sherry. We cracked off the necks of the bottles, poured

+the stuff out into tumblers, and were just tossing them off, when in an

+instant without warning there came the roar of muskets in our ears, and

+the saloon was so full of smoke that we could not see across the table.

+When it cleared again the place was a shambles. Wilson and eight others

+were wriggling on the top of each other on the floor, and the blood and

+the brown sherry on that table turn me sick now when I think of it. We

+were so cowed by the sight that I think we should have given the job up

+if it had not been for Prendergast. He bellowed like a bull and rushed

+for the door with all that were left alive at his heels. Out we ran,

+and there on the poop were the lieutenant and ten of his men. The swing

+skylights above the saloon table had been a bit open, and they had fired

+on us through the slit. We got on them before they could load, and they

+stood to it like men; but we had the upper hand of them, and in five

+minutes it was all over. My God! Was there ever a slaughter-house

+like that ship! Prendergast was like a raging devil, and he picked the

+soldiers up as if they had been children and threw them overboard alive

+or dead. There was one sergeant that was horribly wounded and yet kept

+on swimming for a surprising time, until some one in mercy blew out his

+brains. When the fighting was over there was no one left of our enemies

+except just the warders the mates, and the doctor.

+

+"'It was over them that the great quarrel arose. There were many of us

+who were glad enough to win back our freedom, and yet who had no wish

+to have murder on our souls. It was one thing to knock the soldiers over

+with their muskets in their hands, and it was another to stand by while

+men were being killed in cold blood. Eight of us, five convicts and

+three sailors, said that we would not see it done. But there was no

+moving Prendergast and those who were with him. Our only chance of

+safety lay in making a clean job of it, said he, and he would not leave

+a tongue with power to wag in a witness-box. It nearly came to our

+sharing the fate of the prisoners, but at last he said that if we wished

+we might take a boat and go. We jumped at the offer, for we were already

+sick of these bloodthirsty doings, and we saw that there would be worse

+before it was done. We were given a suit of sailor togs each, a barrel

+of water, two casks, one of junk and one of biscuits, and a compass.

+Prendergast threw us over a chart, told us that we were shipwrecked

+mariners whose ship had foundered in Lat. 15 degrees and Long 25 degrees

+west, and then cut the painter and let us go.

+

+"'And now I come to the most surprising part of my story, my dear son.

+The seamen had hauled the fore-yard aback during the rising, but now as

+we left them they brought it square again, and as there was a light wind

+from the north and east the bark began to draw slowly away from us. Our

+boat lay, rising and falling, upon the long, smooth rollers, and Evans

+and I, who were the most educated of the party, were sitting in the

+sheets working out our position and planning what coast we should make

+for. It was a nice question, for the Cape de Verdes were about five

+hundred miles to the north of us, and the African coast about seven

+hundred to the east. On the whole, as the wind was coming round to the

+north, we thought that Sierra Leone might be best, and turned our head

+in that direction, the bark being at that time nearly hull down on our

+starboard quarter. Suddenly as we looked at her we saw a dense black

+cloud of smoke shoot up from her, which hung like a monstrous tree upon

+the sky line. A few seconds later a roar like thunder burst upon our

+ears, and as the smoke thinned away there was no sign left of the

+_Gloria Scott_. In an instant we swept the boat's head round again and

+pulled with all our strength for the place where the haze still trailing

+over the water marked the scene of this catastrophe.

+

+"'It was a long hour before we reached it, and at first we feared that

+we had come too late to save any one. A splintered boat and a number of

+crates and fragments of spars rising and falling on the waves showed us

+where the vessel had foundered; but there was no sign of life, and we

+had turned away in despair when we heard a cry for help, and saw at some

+distance a piece of wreckage with a man lying stretched across it. When

+we pulled him aboard the boat he proved to be a young seaman of the

+name of Hudson, who was so burned and exhausted that he could give us no

+account of what had happened until the following morning.

+

+"'It seemed that after we had left, Prendergast and his gang had

+proceeded to put to death the five remaining prisoners. The two warders

+had been shot and thrown overboard, and so also had the third mate.

+Prendergast then descended into the 'tween-decks and with his own hands

+cut the throat of the unfortunate surgeon. There only remained the first

+mate, who was a bold and active man. When he saw the convict approaching

+him with the bloody knife in his hand he kicked off his bonds, which he

+had somehow contrived to loosen, and rushing down the deck he plunged

+into the after-hold. A dozen convicts, who descended with their pistols

+in search of him, found him with a match-box in his hand seated beside

+an open powder-barrel, which was one of a hundred carried on board, and

+swearing that he would blow all hands up if he were in any way molested.

+An instant later the explosion occurred, though Hudson thought it was

+caused by the misdirected bullet of one of the convicts rather than the

+mate's match. Be the cause what it may, it was the end of the _Gloria

+Scott_ and of the rabble who held command of her.

+

+"'Such, in a few words, my dear boy, is the history of this terrible

+business in which I was involved. Next day we were picked up by the brig

+_Hotspur_, bound for Australia, whose captain found no difficulty in

+believing that we were the survivors of a passenger ship which had

+foundered. The transport ship Gloria Scott was set down by the Admiralty

+as being lost at sea, and no word has ever leaked out as to her true

+fate. After an excellent voyage the _Hotspur_ landed us at Sydney, where

+Evans and I changed our names and made our way to the diggings,

+where, among the crowds who were gathered from all nations, we had no

+difficulty in losing our former identities. The rest I need not relate.

+We prospered, we traveled, we came back as rich colonials to England,

+and we bought country estates. For more than twenty years we have

+led peaceful and useful lives, and we hoped that our past was forever

+buried. Imagine, then, my feelings when in the seaman who came to us I

+recognized instantly the man who had been picked off the wreck. He had

+tracked us down somehow, and had set himself to live upon our fears. You

+will understand now how it was that I strove to keep the peace with him,

+and you will in some measure sympathize with me in the fears which fill

+me, now that he has gone from me to his other victim with threats upon

+his tongue.'

+

+"Underneath is written in a hand so shaky as to be hardly legible,

+'Beddoes writes in cipher to say H. Has told all. Sweet Lord, have mercy

+on our souls!'

+

+"That was the narrative which I read that night to young Trevor, and I

+think, Watson, that under the circumstances it was a dramatic one.

+The good fellow was heart-broken at it, and went out to the Terai tea

+planting, where I hear that he is doing well. As to the sailor and

+Beddoes, neither of them was ever heard of again after that day on which

+the letter of warning was written. They both disappeared utterly and

+completely. No complaint had been lodged with the police, so that

+Beddoes had mistaken a threat for a deed. Hudson had been seen lurking

+about, and it was believed by the police that he had done away with

+Beddoes and had fled. For myself I believe that the truth was exactly

+the opposite. I think that it is most probable that Beddoes, pushed to

+desperation and believing himself to have been already betrayed, had

+revenged himself upon Hudson, and had fled from the country with as much

+money as he could lay his hands on. Those are the facts of the case,

+Doctor, and if they are of any use to your collection, I am sure that

+they are very heartily at your service."

+

+

+

+

+Adventure V. The Musgrave Ritual

+

+

+An anomaly which often struck me in the character of my friend Sherlock

+Holmes was that, although in his methods of thought he was the neatest

+and most methodical of mankind, and although also he affected a certain

+quiet primness of dress, he was none the less in his personal habits one

+of the most untidy men that ever drove a fellow-lodger to distraction.

+Not that I am in the least conventional in that respect myself. The

+rough-and-tumble work in Afghanistan, coming on the top of a natural

+Bohemianism of disposition, has made me rather more lax than befits a

+medical man. But with me there is a limit, and when I find a man who

+keeps his cigars in the coal-scuttle, his tobacco in the toe end of

+a Persian slipper, and his unanswered correspondence transfixed by a

+jack-knife into the very centre of his wooden mantelpiece, then I begin

+to give myself virtuous airs. I have always held, too, that pistol

+practice should be distinctly an open-air pastime; and when Holmes, in

+one of his queer humors, would sit in an arm-chair with his hair-trigger

+and a hundred Boxer cartridges, and proceed to adorn the opposite

+wall with a patriotic V. R. done in bullet-pocks, I felt strongly that

+neither the atmosphere nor the appearance of our room was improved by

+it.

+

+Our chambers were always full of chemicals and of criminal relics which

+had a way of wandering into unlikely positions, and of turning up in

+the butter-dish or in even less desirable places. But his papers were

+my great crux. He had a horror of destroying documents, especially those

+which were connected with his past cases, and yet it was only once in

+every year or two that he would muster energy to docket and arrange

+them; for, as I have mentioned somewhere in these incoherent memoirs,

+the outbursts of passionate energy when he performed the remarkable

+feats with which his name is associated were followed by reactions of

+lethargy during which he would lie about with his violin and his books,

+hardly moving save from the sofa to the table. Thus month after month

+his papers accumulated, until every corner of the room was stacked with

+bundles of manuscript which were on no account to be burned, and which

+could not be put away save by their owner. One winter's night, as we

+sat together by the fire, I ventured to suggest to him that, as he had

+finished pasting extracts into his common-place book, he might employ

+the next two hours in making our room a little more habitable. He could

+not deny the justice of my request, so with a rather rueful face he went

+off to his bedroom, from which he returned presently pulling a large tin

+box behind him. This he placed in the middle of the floor and, squatting

+down upon a stool in front of it, he threw back the lid. I could see

+that it was already a third full of bundles of paper tied up with red

+tape into separate packages.

+

+"There are cases enough here, Watson," said he, looking at me with

+mischievous eyes. "I think that if you knew all that I had in this box

+you would ask me to pull some out instead of putting others in."

+

+"These are the records of your early work, then?" I asked. "I have often

+wished that I had notes of those cases."

+

+"Yes, my boy, these were all done prematurely before my biographer

+had come to glorify me." He lifted bundle after bundle in a tender,

+caressing sort of way. "They are not all successes, Watson," said he.

+"But there are some pretty little problems among them. Here's the record

+of the Tarleton murders, and the case of Vamberry, the wine merchant,

+and the adventure of the old Russian woman, and the singular affair

+of the aluminium crutch, as well as a full account of Ricoletti of the

+club-foot, and his abominable wife. And here--ah, now, this really is

+something a little recherché."

+

+He dived his arm down to the bottom of the chest, and brought up a small

+wooden box with a sliding lid, such as children's toys are kept in. From

+within he produced a crumpled piece of paper, and old-fashioned brass

+key, a peg of wood with a ball of string attached to it, and three rusty

+old disks of metal.

+

+"Well, my boy, what do you make of this lot?" he asked, smiling at my

+expression.

+

+"It is a curious collection."

+

+"Very curious, and the story that hangs round it will strike you as

+being more curious still."

+

+"These relics have a history then?"

+

+"So much so that they are history."

+

+"What do you mean by that?"

+

+Sherlock Holmes picked them up one by one, and laid them along the edge

+of the table. Then he reseated himself in his chair and looked them over

+with a gleam of satisfaction in his eyes.

+

+"These," said he, "are all that I have left to remind me of the

+adventure of the Musgrave Ritual."

+

+I had heard him mention the case more than once, though I had never been

+able to gather the details. "I should be so glad," said I, "if you would

+give me an account of it."

+

+"And leave the litter as it is?" he cried, mischievously. "Your tidiness

+won't bear much strain after all, Watson. But I should be glad that you

+should add this case to your annals, for there are points in it which

+make it quite unique in the criminal records of this or, I believe,

+of any other country. A collection of my trifling achievements would

+certainly be incomplete which contained no account of this very singular

+business.

+

+"You may remember how the affair of the _Gloria Scott_, and my

+conversation with the unhappy man whose fate I told you of, first turned

+my attention in the direction of the profession which has become my

+life's work. You see me now when my name has become known far and

+wide, and when I am generally recognized both by the public and by the

+official force as being a final court of appeal in doubtful cases.

+Even when you knew me first, at the time of the affair which you have

+commemorated in 'A Study in Scarlet,' I had already established a

+considerable, though not a very lucrative, connection. You can hardly

+realize, then, how difficult I found it at first, and how long I had to

+wait before I succeeded in making any headway.

+

+"When I first came up to London I had rooms in Montague Street, just

+round the corner from the British Museum, and there I waited, filling in

+my too abundant leisure time by studying all those branches of science

+which might make me more efficient. Now and again cases came in my way,

+principally through the introduction of old fellow-students, for during

+my last years at the University there was a good deal of talk there

+about myself and my methods. The third of these cases was that of the

+Musgrave Ritual, and it is to the interest which was aroused by that

+singular chain of events, and the large issues which proved to be at

+stake, that I trace my first stride towards the position which I now

+hold.

+

+"Reginald Musgrave had been in the same college as myself, and I had

+some slight acquaintance with him. He was not generally popular among

+the undergraduates, though it always seemed to me that what was set down

+as pride was really an attempt to cover extreme natural diffidence.

+In appearance he was a man of exceedingly aristocratic type, thin,

+high-nosed, and large-eyed, with languid and yet courtly manners. He was

+indeed a scion of one of the very oldest families in the kingdom,

+though his branch was a cadet one which had separated from the northern

+Musgraves some time in the sixteenth century, and had established itself

+in western Sussex, where the Manor House of Hurlstone is perhaps the

+oldest inhabited building in the county. Something of his birth place

+seemed to cling to the man, and I never looked at his pale, keen face

+or the poise of his head without associating him with gray archways and

+mullioned windows and all the venerable wreckage of a feudal keep. Once

+or twice we drifted into talk, and I can remember that more than once he

+expressed a keen interest in my methods of observation and inference.

+

+"For four years I had seen nothing of him until one morning he walked

+into my room in Montague Street. He had changed little, was dressed like

+a young man of fashion--he was always a bit of a dandy--and preserved

+the same quiet, suave manner which had formerly distinguished him.

+

+"'How has all gone with you Musgrave?' I asked, after we had cordially

+shaken hands.

+

+"'You probably heard of my poor father's death,' said he; 'he was

+carried off about two years ago. Since then I have of course had the

+Hurlstone estates to manage, and as I am member for my district as well,

+my life has been a busy one. But I understand, Holmes, that you are

+turning to practical ends those powers with which you used to amaze us?'

+

+"'Yes,' said I, 'I have taken to living by my wits.'

+

+"'I am delighted to hear it, for your advice at present would be

+exceedingly valuable to me. We have had some very strange doings at

+Hurlstone, and the police have been able to throw no light upon the

+matter. It is really the most extraordinary and inexplicable business.'

+

+"You can imagine with what eagerness I listened to him, Watson, for

+the very chance for which I had been panting during all those months

+of inaction seemed to have come within my reach. In my inmost heart I

+believed that I could succeed where others failed, and now I had the

+opportunity to test myself.

+

+"'Pray, let me have the details,' I cried.

+

+"Reginald Musgrave sat down opposite to me, and lit the cigarette which

+I had pushed towards him.

+

+"'You must know,' said he, 'that though I am a bachelor, I have to keep

+up a considerable staff of servants at Hurlstone, for it is a rambling

+old place, and takes a good deal of looking after. I preserve, too, and

+in the pheasant months I usually have a house-party, so that it would

+not do to be short-handed. Altogether there are eight maids, the cook,

+the butler, two footmen, and a boy. The garden and the stables of course

+have a separate staff.

+

+"'Of these servants the one who had been longest in our service was

+Brunton the butler. He was a young school-master out of place when he

+was first taken up by my father, but he was a man of great energy and

+character, and he soon became quite invaluable in the household. He was

+a well-grown, handsome man, with a splendid forehead, and though he has

+been with us for twenty years he cannot be more than forty now. With

+his personal advantages and his extraordinary gifts--for he can speak

+several languages and play nearly every musical instrument--it is

+wonderful that he should have been satisfied so long in such a position,

+but I suppose that he was comfortable, and lacked energy to make any

+change. The butler of Hurlstone is always a thing that is remembered by

+all who visit us.

+

+"'But this paragon has one fault. He is a bit of a Don Juan, and you can

+imagine that for a man like him it is not a very difficult part to play

+in a quiet country district. When he was married it was all right, but

+since he has been a widower we have had no end of trouble with him. A

+few months ago we were in hopes that he was about to settle down again

+for he became engaged to Rachel Howells, our second house-maid; but he

+has thrown her over since then and taken up with Janet Tregellis, the

+daughter of the head game-keeper. Rachel--who is a very good girl, but

+of an excitable Welsh temperament--had a sharp touch of brain-fever,

+and goes about the house now--or did until yesterday--like a black-eyed

+shadow of her former self. That was our first drama at Hurlstone; but a

+second one came to drive it from our minds, and it was prefaced by the

+disgrace and dismissal of butler Brunton.

+

+"'This was how it came about. I have said that the man was intelligent,

+and this very intelligence has caused his ruin, for it seems to have

+led to an insatiable curiosity about things which did not in the least

+concern him. I had no idea of the lengths to which this would carry him,

+until the merest accident opened my eyes to it.

+

+"'I have said that the house is a rambling one. One day last week--on

+Thursday night, to be more exact--I found that I could not sleep,

+having foolishly taken a cup of strong café noir after my dinner. After

+struggling against it until two in the morning, I felt that it was quite

+hopeless, so I rose and lit the candle with the intention of continuing

+a novel which I was reading. The book, however, had been left in the

+billiard-room, so I pulled on my dressing-gown and started off to get

+it.

+

+"'In order to reach the billiard-room I had to descend a flight of

+stairs and then to cross the head of a passage which led to the library

+and the gun-room. You can imagine my surprise when, as I looked down

+this corridor, I saw a glimmer of light coming from the open door of the

+library. I had myself extinguished the lamp and closed the door before

+coming to bed. Naturally my first thought was of burglars. The corridors

+at Hurlstone have their walls largely decorated with trophies of old

+weapons. From one of these I picked a battle-axe, and then, leaving my

+candle behind me, I crept on tiptoe down the passage and peeped in at

+the open door.

+

+"'Brunton, the butler, was in the library. He was sitting, fully

+dressed, in an easy-chair, with a slip of paper which looked like a

+map upon his knee, and his forehead sunk forward upon his hand in deep

+thought. I stood dumb with astonishment, watching him from the darkness.

+A small taper on the edge of the table shed a feeble light which

+sufficed to show me that he was fully dressed. Suddenly, as I looked,

+he rose from his chair, and walking over to a bureau at the side, he

+unlocked it and drew out one of the drawers. From this he took a paper,

+and returning to his seat he flattened it out beside the taper on the

+edge of the table, and began to study it with minute attention. My

+indignation at this calm examination of our family documents overcame

+me so far that I took a step forward, and Brunton, looking up, saw me

+standing in the doorway. He sprang to his feet, his face turned livid

+with fear, and he thrust into his breast the chart-like paper which he

+had been originally studying.

+

+"'"So!" said I. "This is how you repay the trust which we have reposed

+in you. You will leave my service to-morrow."

+

+"'He bowed with the look of a man who is utterly crushed, and slunk past

+me without a word. The taper was still on the table, and by its light

+I glanced to see what the paper was which Brunton had taken from the

+bureau. To my surprise it was nothing of any importance at all,

+but simply a copy of the questions and answers in the singular old

+observance called the Musgrave Ritual. It is a sort of ceremony peculiar

+to our family, which each Musgrave for centuries past has gone through

+on his coming of age--a thing of private interest, and perhaps of some

+little importance to the archaeologist, like our own blazonings and

+charges, but of no practical use whatever.'

+

+"'We had better come back to the paper afterwards,' said I.

+

+"'If you think it really necessary,' he answered, with some hesitation.

+'To continue my statement, however: I relocked the bureau, using the key

+which Brunton had left, and I had turned to go when I was surprised to

+find that the butler had returned, and was standing before me.

+

+"'"Mr. Musgrave, sir," he cried, in a voice which was hoarse with

+emotion, "I can't bear disgrace, sir. I've always been proud above my

+station in life, and disgrace would kill me. My blood will be on your

+head, sir--it will, indeed--if you drive me to despair. If you cannot

+keep me after what has passed, then for God's sake let me give you

+notice and leave in a month, as if of my own free will. I could stand

+that, Mr. Musgrave, but not to be cast out before all the folk that I

+know so well."

+

+"'"You don't deserve much consideration, Brunton," I answered. "Your

+conduct has been most infamous. However, as you have been a long time in

+the family, I have no wish to bring public disgrace upon you. A month,

+however is too long. Take yourself away in a week, and give what reason

+you like for going."

+

+"'"Only a week, sir?" he cried, in a despairing voice. "A fortnight--say

+at least a fortnight!"

+

+"'"A week," I repeated, "and you may consider yourself to have been very

+leniently dealt with."

+

+"'He crept away, his face sunk upon his breast, like a broken man, while

+I put out the light and returned to my room.

+

+

+"'"For two days after this Brunton was most assiduous in his attention

+to his duties. I made no allusion to what had passed, and waited with

+some curiosity to see how he would cover his disgrace. On the third

+morning, however he did not appear, as was his custom, after breakfast

+to receive my instructions for the day. As I left the dining-room I

+happened to meet Rachel Howells, the maid. I have told you that she had

+only recently recovered from an illness, and was looking so wretchedly

+pale and wan that I remonstrated with her for being at work.

+

+"'"You should be in bed," I said. "Come back to your duties when you are

+stronger."

+

+"'She looked at me with so strange an expression that I began to suspect

+that her brain was affected.

+

+"'"I am strong enough, Mr. Musgrave," said she.

+

+"'"We will see what the doctor says," I answered. "You must stop work

+now, and when you go downstairs just say that I wish to see Brunton."

+

+"'"The butler is gone," said she.

+

+"'"Gone! Gone where?"

+

+"'"He is gone. No one has seen him. He is not in his room. Oh, yes, he

+is gone, he is gone!" She fell back against the wall with shriek after

+shriek of laughter, while I, horrified at this sudden hysterical attack,

+rushed to the bell to summon help. The girl was taken to her room, still

+screaming and sobbing, while I made inquiries about Brunton. There was

+no doubt about it that he had disappeared. His bed had not been slept

+in, he had been seen by no one since he had retired to his room the

+night before, and yet it was difficult to see how he could have left

+the house, as both windows and doors were found to be fastened in the

+morning. His clothes, his watch, and even his money were in his room,

+but the black suit which he usually wore was missing. His slippers,

+too, were gone, but his boots were left behind. Where then could butler

+Brunton have gone in the night, and what could have become of him now?

+

+"'Of course we searched the house from cellar to garret, but there was

+no trace of him. It is, as I have said, a labyrinth of an old house,

+especially the original wing, which is now practically uninhabited; but

+we ransacked every room and cellar without discovering the least sign

+of the missing man. It was incredible to me that he could have gone away

+leaving all his property behind him, and yet where could he be? I called

+in the local police, but without success. Rain had fallen on the night

+before and we examined the lawn and the paths all round the house, but

+in vain. Matters were in this state, when a new development quite drew

+our attention away from the original mystery.

+

+"'For two days Rachel Howells had been so ill, sometimes delirious,

+sometimes hysterical, that a nurse had been employed to sit up with her

+at night. On the third night after Brunton's disappearance, the nurse,

+finding her patient sleeping nicely, had dropped into a nap in the

+arm-chair, when she woke in the early morning to find the bed empty, the

+window open, and no signs of the invalid. I was instantly aroused, and,

+with the two footmen, started off at once in search of the missing girl.

+It was not difficult to tell the direction which she had taken, for,

+starting from under her window, we could follow her footmarks easily

+across the lawn to the edge of the mere, where they vanished close to

+the gravel path which leads out of the grounds. The lake there is eight

+feet deep, and you can imagine our feelings when we saw that the trail

+of the poor demented girl came to an end at the edge of it.

+

+"'Of course, we had the drags at once, and set to work to recover the

+remains, but no trace of the body could we find. On the other hand, we

+brought to the surface an object of a most unexpected kind. It was a

+linen bag which contained within it a mass of old rusted and discolored

+metal and several dull-colored pieces of pebble or glass. This strange

+find was all that we could get from the mere, and, although we made

+every possible search and inquiry yesterday, we know nothing of the fate

+either of Rachel Howells or of Richard Brunton. The county police are at

+their wits' end, and I have come up to you as a last resource.'

+

+"You can imagine, Watson, with what eagerness I listened to this

+extraordinary sequence of events, and endeavored to piece them together,

+and to devise some common thread upon which they might all hang. The

+butler was gone. The maid was gone. The maid had loved the butler, but

+had afterwards had cause to hate him. She was of Welsh blood, fiery

+and passionate. She had been terribly excited immediately after his

+disappearance. She had flung into the lake a bag containing some

+curious contents. These were all factors which had to be taken into

+consideration, and yet none of them got quite to the heart of the

+matter. What was the starting-point of this chain of events? There lay

+the end of this tangled line.

+

+"'I must see that paper, Musgrave,' said I, 'which this butler of your

+thought it worth his while to consult, even at the risk of the loss of

+his place.'

+

+"'It is rather an absurd business, this ritual of ours,' he answered.

+'But it has at least the saving grace of antiquity to excuse it. I have

+a copy of the questions and answers here if you care to run your eye

+over them.'

+

+"He handed me the very paper which I have here, Watson, and this is the

+strange catechism to which each Musgrave had to submit when he came to

+man's estate. I will read you the questions and answers as they stand.

+

+"'Whose was it?'

+

+"'His who is gone.'

+

+"'Who shall have it?'

+

+"'He who will come.'

+

+"'Where was the sun?'

+

+"'Over the oak.'

+

+"'Where was the shadow?'

+

+"'Under the elm.'

+

+"How was it stepped?'

+

+"'North by ten and by ten, east by five and by five, south by two and by

+two, west by one and by one, and so under.'

+

+"'What shall we give for it?'

+

+"'All that is ours.'

+

+"'Why should we give it?'

+

+"'For the sake of the trust.'

+

+"'The original has no date, but is in the spelling of the middle of the

+seventeenth century,' remarked Musgrave. 'I am afraid, however, that it

+can be of little help to you in solving this mystery.'

+

+"'At least,' said I, 'it gives us another mystery, and one which is even

+more interesting than the first. It may be that the solution of the one

+may prove to be the solution of the other. You will excuse me, Musgrave,

+if I say that your butler appears to me to have been a very clever man,

+and to have had a clearer insight than ten generations of his masters.'

+

+"'I hardly follow you,' said Musgrave. 'The paper seems to me to be of

+no practical importance.'

+

+"'But to me it seems immensely practical, and I fancy that Brunton took

+the same view. He had probably seen it before that night on which you

+caught him.'

+

+"'It is very possible. We took no pains to hide it.'

+

+"'He simply wished, I should imagine, to refresh his memory upon that

+last occasion. He had, as I understand, some sort of map or chart which

+he was comparing with the manuscript, and which he thrust into his

+pocket when you appeared.'

+

+"'That is true. But what could he have to do with this old family custom

+of ours, and what does this rigmarole mean?'

+

+"'I don't think that we should have much difficulty in determining

+that,' said I; 'with your permission we will take the first train down

+to Sussex, and go a little more deeply into the matter upon the spot.'

+

+

+"The same afternoon saw us both at Hurlstone. Possibly you have seen

+pictures and read descriptions of the famous old building, so I will

+confine my account of it to saying that it is built in the shape of

+an L, the long arm being the more modern portion, and the shorter the

+ancient nucleus, from which the other had developed. Over the low,

+heavily-lintelled door, in the centre of this old part, is chiseled the

+date, 1607, but experts are agreed that the beams and stone-work are

+really much older than this. The enormously thick walls and tiny windows

+of this part had in the last century driven the family into building the

+new wing, and the old one was used now as a store-house and a cellar,

+when it was used at all. A splendid park with fine old timber surrounds

+the house, and the lake, to which my client had referred, lay close to

+the avenue, about two hundred yards from the building.

+

+"I was already firmly convinced, Watson, that there were not three

+separate mysteries here, but one only, and that if I could read the

+Musgrave Ritual aright I should hold in my hand the clue which would

+lead me to the truth concerning both the butler Brunton and the maid

+Howells. To that then I turned all my energies. Why should this servant

+be so anxious to master this old formula? Evidently because he saw

+something in it which had escaped all those generations of country

+squires, and from which he expected some personal advantage. What was it

+then, and how had it affected his fate?

+

+"It was perfectly obvious to me, on reading the ritual, that the

+measurements must refer to some spot to which the rest of the document

+alluded, and that if we could find that spot, we should be in a fair way

+towards finding what the secret was which the old Musgraves had thought

+it necessary to embalm in so curious a fashion. There were two guides

+given us to start with, an oak and an elm. As to the oak there could be

+no question at all. Right in front of the house, upon the left-hand

+side of the drive, there stood a patriarch among oaks, one of the most

+magnificent trees that I have ever seen.

+

+"'That was there when your ritual was drawn up,' said I, as we drove

+past it.

+

+"'It was there at the Norman Conquest in all probability,' he answered.

+'It has a girth of twenty-three feet.'

+

+"'Have you any old elms?' I asked.

+

+"'There used to be a very old one over yonder but it was struck by

+lightning ten years ago, and we cut down the stump.'

+

+"'You can see where it used to be?'

+

+"'Oh, yes.'

+

+"'There are no other elms?'

+

+"'No old ones, but plenty of beeches.'

+

+"'I should like to see where it grew.'

+

+"We had driven up in a dog-cart, and my client led me away at once,

+without our entering the house, to the scar on the lawn where the

+elm had stood. It was nearly midway between the oak and the house. My

+investigation seemed to be progressing.

+

+"'I suppose it is impossible to find out how high the elm was?' I asked.

+

+"'I can give you it at once. It was sixty-four feet.'

+

+"'How do you come to know it?' I asked, in surprise.

+

+"'When my old tutor used to give me an exercise in trigonometry, it

+always took the shape of measuring heights. When I was a lad I worked

+out every tree and building in the estate.'

+

+"This was an unexpected piece of luck. My data were coming more quickly

+than I could have reasonably hoped.

+

+"'Tell me,' I asked, 'did your butler ever ask you such a question?'

+

+"Reginald Musgrave looked at me in astonishment. 'Now that you call it

+to my mind,' he answered, 'Brunton did ask me about the height of the

+tree some months ago, in connection with some little argument with the

+groom.'

+

+"This was excellent news, Watson, for it showed me that I was on the

+right road. I looked up at the sun. It was low in the heavens, and I

+calculated that in less than an hour it would lie just above the topmost

+branches of the old oak. One condition mentioned in the Ritual would

+then be fulfilled. And the shadow of the elm must mean the farther end

+of the shadow, otherwise the trunk would have been chosen as the guide.

+I had, then, to find where the far end of the shadow would fall when the

+sun was just clear of the oak."

+

+"That must have been difficult, Holmes, when the elm was no longer

+there."

+

+"Well, at least I knew that if Brunton could do it, I could also.

+Besides, there was no real difficulty. I went with Musgrave to his study

+and whittled myself this peg, to which I tied this long string with a

+knot at each yard. Then I took two lengths of a fishing-rod, which came

+to just six feet, and I went back with my client to where the elm had

+been. The sun was just grazing the top of the oak. I fastened the rod

+on end, marked out the direction of the shadow, and measured it. It was

+nine feet in length.

+

+"Of course the calculation now was a simple one. If a rod of six feet

+threw a shadow of nine, a tree of sixty-four feet would throw one of

+ninety-six, and the line of the one would of course be the line of the

+other. I measured out the distance, which brought me almost to the

+wall of the house, and I thrust a peg into the spot. You can imagine

+my exultation, Watson, when within two inches of my peg I saw a conical

+depression in the ground. I knew that it was the mark made by Brunton in

+his measurements, and that I was still upon his trail.

+

+"From this starting-point I proceeded to step, having first taken the

+cardinal points by my pocket-compass. Ten steps with each foot took me

+along parallel with the wall of the house, and again I marked my spot

+with a peg. Then I carefully paced off five to the east and two to the

+south. It brought me to the very threshold of the old door. Two steps

+to the west meant now that I was to go two paces down the stone-flagged

+passage, and this was the place indicated by the Ritual.

+

+"Never have I felt such a cold chill of disappointment, Watson. For a

+moment is seemed to me that there must be some radical mistake in my

+calculations. The setting sun shone full upon the passage floor, and I

+could see that the old, foot-worn gray stones with which it was paved

+were firmly cemented together, and had certainly not been moved for many

+a long year. Brunton had not been at work here. I tapped upon the floor,

+but it sounded the same all over, and there was no sign of any crack

+or crevice. But, fortunately, Musgrave, who had begun to appreciate the

+meaning of my proceedings, and who was now as excited as myself, took

+out his manuscript to check my calculation.

+

+"'And under,' he cried. 'You have omitted the "and under."'

+

+"I had thought that it meant that we were to dig, but now, of course,

+I saw at once that I was wrong. 'There is a cellar under this then?' I

+cried.

+

+"'Yes, and as old as the house. Down here, through this door.'

+

+"We went down a winding stone stair, and my companion, striking a match,

+lit a large lantern which stood on a barrel in the corner. In an instant

+it was obvious that we had at last come upon the true place, and that we

+had not been the only people to visit the spot recently.

+

+"It had been used for the storage of wood, but the billets, which had

+evidently been littered over the floor, were now piled at the sides, so

+as to leave a clear space in the middle. In this space lay a large and

+heavy flagstone with a rusted iron ring in the centre to which a thick

+shepherd's-check muffler was attached.

+

+"'By Jove!' cried my client. 'That's Brunton's muffler. I have seen it

+on him, and could swear to it. What has the villain been doing here?'

+

+"At my suggestion a couple of the county police were summoned to be

+present, and I then endeavored to raise the stone by pulling on the

+cravat. I could only move it slightly, and it was with the aid of one

+of the constables that I succeeded at last in carrying it to one side.

+A black hole yawned beneath into which we all peered, while Musgrave,

+kneeling at the side, pushed down the lantern.

+

+"A small chamber about seven feet deep and four feet square lay open to

+us. At one side of this was a squat, brass-bound wooden box, the lid of

+which was hinged upwards, with this curious old-fashioned key projecting

+from the lock. It was furred outside by a thick layer of dust, and damp

+and worms had eaten through the wood, so that a crop of livid fungi

+was growing on the inside of it. Several discs of metal, old coins

+apparently, such as I hold here, were scattered over the bottom of the

+box, but it contained nothing else.

+

+"At the moment, however, we had no thought for the old chest, for our

+eyes were riveted upon that which crouched beside it. It was the figure

+of a man, clad in a suit of black, who squatted down upon his hams with

+his forehead sunk upon the edge of the box and his two arms thrown out

+on each side of it. The attitude had drawn all the stagnant blood to

+the face, and no man could have recognized that distorted liver-colored

+countenance; but his height, his dress, and his hair were all sufficient

+to show my client, when we had drawn the body up, that it was indeed his

+missing butler. He had been dead some days, but there was no wound or

+bruise upon his person to show how he had met his dreadful end. When

+his body had been carried from the cellar we found ourselves still

+confronted with a problem which was almost as formidable as that with

+which we had started.

+

+"I confess that so far, Watson, I had been disappointed in my

+investigation. I had reckoned upon solving the matter when once I had

+found the place referred to in the Ritual; but now I was there, and was

+apparently as far as ever from knowing what it was which the family had

+concealed with such elaborate precautions. It is true that I had thrown

+a light upon the fate of Brunton, but now I had to ascertain how that

+fate had come upon him, and what part had been played in the matter by

+the woman who had disappeared. I sat down upon a keg in the corner and

+thought the whole matter carefully over.

+

+"You know my methods in such cases, Watson. I put myself in the man's

+place and, having first gauged his intelligence, I try to imagine how I

+should myself have proceeded under the same circumstances. In this

+case the matter was simplified by Brunton's intelligence being quite

+first-rate, so that it was unnecessary to make any allowance for the

+personal equation, as the astronomers have dubbed it. He knew that

+something valuable was concealed. He had spotted the place. He found

+that the stone which covered it was just too heavy for a man to move

+unaided. What would he do next? He could not get help from outside, even

+if he had some one whom he could trust, without the unbarring of doors

+and considerable risk of detection. It was better, if he could, to have

+his helpmate inside the house. But whom could he ask? This girl had been

+devoted to him. A man always finds it hard to realize that he may have

+finally lost a woman's love, however badly he may have treated her. He

+would try by a few attentions to make his peace with the girl Howells,

+and then would engage her as his accomplice. Together they would come at

+night to the cellar, and their united force would suffice to raise the

+stone. So far I could follow their actions as if I had actually seen

+them.

+

+"But for two of them, and one a woman, it must have been heavy work the

+raising of that stone. A burly Sussex policeman and I had found it no

+light job. What would they do to assist them? Probably what I should

+have done myself. I rose and examined carefully the different billets

+of wood which were scattered round the floor. Almost at once I came

+upon what I expected. One piece, about three feet in length, had a very

+marked indentation at one end, while several were flattened at the sides

+as if they had been compressed by some considerable weight. Evidently,

+as they had dragged the stone up they had thrust the chunks of wood into

+the chink, until at last, when the opening was large enough to crawl

+through, they would hold it open by a billet placed lengthwise, which

+might very well become indented at the lower end, since the whole weight

+of the stone would press it down on to the edge of this other slab. So

+far I was still on safe ground.

+

+"And now how was I to proceed to reconstruct this midnight drama?

+Clearly, only one could fit into the hole, and that one was Brunton. The

+girl must have waited above. Brunton then unlocked the box, handed up

+the contents presumably--since they were not to be found--and then--and

+then what happened?

+

+"What smouldering fire of vengeance had suddenly sprung into flame in

+this passionate Celtic woman's soul when she saw the man who had wronged

+her--wronged her, perhaps, far more than we suspected--in her power?

+Was it a chance that the wood had slipped, and that the stone had shut

+Brunton into what had become his sepulchre? Had she only been guilty of

+silence as to his fate? Or had some sudden blow from her hand dashed the

+support away and sent the slab crashing down into its place? Be that

+as it might, I seemed to see that woman's figure still clutching at her

+treasure trove and flying wildly up the winding stair, with her ears

+ringing perhaps with the muffled screams from behind her and with the

+drumming of frenzied hands against the slab of stone which was choking

+her faithless lover's life out.

+

+"Here was the secret of her blanched face, her shaken nerves, her peals

+of hysterical laughter on the next morning. But what had been in the

+box? What had she done with that? Of course, it must have been the old

+metal and pebbles which my client had dragged from the mere. She had

+thrown them in there at the first opportunity to remove the last trace

+of her crime.

+

+"For twenty minutes I had sat motionless, thinking the matter out.

+Musgrave still stood with a very pale face, swinging his lantern and

+peering down into the hole.

+

+"'These are coins of Charles the First,' said he, holding out the few

+which had been in the box; 'you see we were right in fixing our date for

+the Ritual.'

+

+"'We may find something else of Charles the First,' I cried, as the

+probable meaning of the first two questions of the Ritual broke suddenly

+upon me. 'Let me see the contents of the bag which you fished from the

+mere.'

+

+

+"We ascended to his study, and he laid the debris before me. I could

+understand his regarding it as of small importance when I looked at it,

+for the metal was almost black and the stones lustreless and dull. I

+rubbed one of them on my sleeve, however, and it glowed afterwards like

+a spark in the dark hollow of my hand. The metal work was in the form

+of a double ring, but it had been bent and twisted out of its original

+shape.

+

+"'You must bear in mind,' said I, 'that the royal party made head in

+England even after the death of the king, and that when they at last

+fled they probably left many of their most precious possessions buried

+behind them, with the intention of returning for them in more peaceful

+times.'

+

+"'My ancestor, Sir Ralph Musgrave, was a prominent Cavalier and the

+right-hand man of Charles the Second in his wanderings,' said my friend.

+

+"'Ah, indeed!' I answered. 'Well now, I think that really should give us

+the last link that we wanted. I must congratulate you on coming into

+the possession, though in rather a tragic manner of a relic which is of

+great intrinsic value, but of even greater importance as an historical

+curiosity.'

+

+"'What is it, then?' he gasped in astonishment.

+

+"'It is nothing less than the ancient crown of the kings of England.'

+

+"'The crown!'

+

+"'Precisely. Consider what the Ritual says: How does it run? "Whose was

+it?" "His who is gone." That was after the execution of Charles. Then,

+"Who shall have it?" "He who will come." That was Charles the Second,

+whose advent was already foreseen. There can, I think, be no doubt that

+this battered and shapeless diadem once encircled the brows of the royal

+Stuarts.'

+

+"'And how came it in the pond?'

+

+"'Ah, that is a question that will take some time to answer.' And with

+that I sketched out to him the whole long chain of surmise and of proof

+which I had constructed. The twilight had closed in and the moon was

+shining brightly in the sky before my narrative was finished.

+

+"'And how was it then that Charles did not get his crown when he

+returned?' asked Musgrave, pushing back the relic into its linen bag.

+

+"'Ah, there you lay your finger upon the one point which we shall

+probably never be able to clear up. It is likely that the Musgrave who

+held the secret died in the interval, and by some oversight left this

+guide to his descendant without explaining the meaning of it. From that

+day to this it has been handed down from father to son, until at last

+it came within reach of a man who tore its secret out of it and lost his

+life in the venture.'

+

+

+"And that's the story of the Musgrave Ritual, Watson. They have the

+crown down at Hurlstone--though they had some legal bother and a

+considerable sum to pay before they were allowed to retain it. I am sure

+that if you mentioned my name they would be happy to show it to you. Of

+the woman nothing was ever heard, and the probability is that she got

+away out of England and carried herself and the memory of her crime to

+some land beyond the seas."

+

+

+

+

+Adventure VI. The Reigate Puzzle

+

+

+It was some time before the health of my friend Mr. Sherlock Holmes

+recovered from the strain caused by his immense exertions in the spring

+of '87. The whole question of the Netherland-Sumatra Company and of the

+colossal schemes of Baron Maupertuis are too recent in the minds of the

+public, and are too intimately concerned with politics and finance to be

+fitting subjects for this series of sketches. They led, however, in an

+indirect fashion to a singular and complex problem which gave my friend

+an opportunity of demonstrating the value of a fresh weapon among the

+many with which he waged his life-long battle against crime.

+

+On referring to my notes I see that it was upon the 14th of April that

+I received a telegram from Lyons which informed me that Holmes was

+lying ill in the Hotel Dulong. Within twenty-four hours I was in his

+sick-room, and was relieved to find that there was nothing formidable in

+his symptoms. Even his iron constitution, however, had broken down

+under the strain of an investigation which had extended over two months,

+during which period he had never worked less than fifteen hours a day,

+and had more than once, as he assured me, kept to his task for five days

+at a stretch. Even the triumphant issue of his labors could not save him

+from reaction after so terrible an exertion, and at a time when Europe

+was ringing with his name and when his room was literally ankle-deep

+with congratulatory telegrams I found him a prey to the blackest

+depression. Even the knowledge that he had succeeded where the police of

+three countries had failed, and that he had outmanoeuvred at every point

+the most accomplished swindler in Europe, was insufficient to rouse him

+from his nervous prostration.

+

+Three days later we were back in Baker Street together; but it was

+evident that my friend would be much the better for a change, and the

+thought of a week of spring time in the country was full of attractions

+to me also. My old friend, Colonel Hayter, who had come under my

+professional care in Afghanistan, had now taken a house near Reigate in

+Surrey, and had frequently asked me to come down to him upon a visit. On

+the last occasion he had remarked that if my friend would only come

+with me he would be glad to extend his hospitality to him also. A little

+diplomacy was needed, but when Holmes understood that the establishment

+was a bachelor one, and that he would be allowed the fullest freedom,

+he fell in with my plans and a week after our return from Lyons we were

+under the Colonel's roof. Hayter was a fine old soldier who had seen

+much of the world, and he soon found, as I had expected, that Holmes and

+he had much in common.

+

+On the evening of our arrival we were sitting in the Colonel's gun-room

+after dinner, Holmes stretched upon the sofa, while Hayter and I looked

+over his little armory of Eastern weapons.

+

+"By the way," said he suddenly, "I think I'll take one of these pistols

+upstairs with me in case we have an alarm."

+

+"An alarm!" said I.

+

+"Yes, we've had a scare in this part lately. Old Acton, who is one of

+our county magnates, had his house broken into last Monday. No great

+damage done, but the fellows are still at large."

+

+"No clue?" asked Holmes, cocking his eye at the Colonel.

+

+"None as yet. But the affair is a petty one, one of our little country

+crimes, which must seem too small for your attention, Mr. Holmes, after

+this great international affair."

+

+Holmes waved away the compliment, though his smile showed that it had

+pleased him.

+

+"Was there any feature of interest?"

+

+"I fancy not. The thieves ransacked the library and got very little for

+their pains. The whole place was turned upside down, drawers burst open,

+and presses ransacked, with the result that an odd volume of Pope's

+'Homer,' two plated candlesticks, an ivory letter-weight, a small oak

+barometer, and a ball of twine are all that have vanished."

+

+"What an extraordinary assortment!" I exclaimed.

+

+"Oh, the fellows evidently grabbed hold of everything they could get."

+

+Holmes grunted from the sofa.

+

+"The county police ought to make something of that," said he; "why, it

+is surely obvious that--"

+

+But I held up a warning finger.

+

+"You are here for a rest, my dear fellow. For Heaven's sake don't get

+started on a new problem when your nerves are all in shreds."

+

+Holmes shrugged his shoulders with a glance of comic resignation towards

+the Colonel, and the talk drifted away into less dangerous channels.

+

+It was destined, however, that all my professional caution should be

+wasted, for next morning the problem obtruded itself upon us in such a

+way that it was impossible to ignore it, and our country visit took a

+turn which neither of us could have anticipated. We were at breakfast

+when the Colonel's butler rushed in with all his propriety shaken out of

+him.

+

+"Have you heard the news, sir?" he gasped. "At the Cunningham's sir!"

+

+"Burglary!" cried the Colonel, with his coffee-cup in mid-air.

+

+"Murder!"

+

+The Colonel whistled. "By Jove!" said he. "Who's killed, then? The J.P.

+or his son?"

+

+"Neither, sir. It was William the coachman. Shot through the heart, sir,

+and never spoke again."

+

+"Who shot him, then?"

+

+"The burglar, sir. He was off like a shot and got clean away. He'd just

+broke in at the pantry window when William came on him and met his end

+in saving his master's property."

+

+"What time?"

+

+"It was last night, sir, somewhere about twelve."

+

+"Ah, then, we'll step over afterwards," said the Colonel, coolly

+settling down to his breakfast again. "It's a baddish business," he

+added when the butler had gone; "he's our leading man about here, is old

+Cunningham, and a very decent fellow too. He'll be cut up over this, for

+the man has been in his service for years and was a good servant. It's

+evidently the same villains who broke into Acton's."

+

+"And stole that very singular collection," said Holmes, thoughtfully.

+

+"Precisely."

+

+"Hum! It may prove the simplest matter in the world, but all the same

+at first glance this is just a little curious, is it not? A gang of

+burglars acting in the country might be expected to vary the scene of

+their operations, and not to crack two cribs in the same district within

+a few days. When you spoke last night of taking precautions I remember

+that it passed through my mind that this was probably the last parish

+in England to which the thief or thieves would be likely to turn their

+attention--which shows that I have still much to learn."

+

+"I fancy it's some local practitioner," said the Colonel. "In that case,

+of course, Acton's and Cunningham's are just the places he would go for,

+since they are far the largest about here."

+

+"And richest?"

+

+"Well, they ought to be, but they've had a lawsuit for some years which

+has sucked the blood out of both of them, I fancy. Old Acton has some

+claim on half Cunningham's estate, and the lawyers have been at it with

+both hands."

+

+"If it's a local villain there should not be much difficulty in running

+him down," said Holmes with a yawn. "All right, Watson, I don't intend

+to meddle."

+

+"Inspector Forrester, sir," said the butler, throwing open the door.

+

+The official, a smart, keen-faced young fellow, stepped into the room.

+"Good-morning, Colonel," said he; "I hope I don't intrude, but we hear

+that Mr. Holmes of Baker Street is here."

+

+The Colonel waved his hand towards my friend, and the Inspector bowed.

+

+"We thought that perhaps you would care to step across, Mr. Holmes."

+

+"The fates are against you, Watson," said he, laughing. "We were

+chatting about the matter when you came in, Inspector. Perhaps you

+can let us have a few details." As he leaned back in his chair in the

+familiar attitude I knew that the case was hopeless.

+

+"We had no clue in the Acton affair. But here we have plenty to go on,

+and there's no doubt it is the same party in each case. The man was

+seen."

+

+"Ah!"

+

+"Yes, sir. But he was off like a deer after the shot that killed poor

+William Kirwan was fired. Mr. Cunningham saw him from the bedroom

+window, and Mr. Alec Cunningham saw him from the back passage. It was

+quarter to twelve when the alarm broke out. Mr. Cunningham had just got

+into bed, and Mr. Alec was smoking a pipe in his dressing-gown. They

+both heard William the coachman calling for help, and Mr. Alec ran down

+to see what was the matter. The back door was open, and as he came to

+the foot of the stairs he saw two men wrestling together outside. One of

+them fired a shot, the other dropped, and the murderer rushed across the

+garden and over the hedge. Mr. Cunningham, looking out of his bedroom,

+saw the fellow as he gained the road, but lost sight of him at once. Mr.

+Alec stopped to see if he could help the dying man, and so the villain

+got clean away. Beyond the fact that he was a middle-sized man and

+dressed in some dark stuff, we have no personal clue; but we are making

+energetic inquiries, and if he is a stranger we shall soon find him

+out."

+

+"What was this William doing there? Did he say anything before he died?"

+

+"Not a word. He lives at the lodge with his mother, and as he was a

+very faithful fellow we imagine that he walked up to the house with

+the intention of seeing that all was right there. Of course this Acton

+business has put every one on their guard. The robber must have just

+burst open the door--the lock has been forced--when William came upon

+him."

+

+"Did William say anything to his mother before going out?"

+

+"She is very old and deaf, and we can get no information from her. The

+shock has made her half-witted, but I understand that she was never

+very bright. There is one very important circumstance, however. Look at

+this!"

+

+He took a small piece of torn paper from a note-book and spread it out

+upon his knee.

+

+"This was found between the finger and thumb of the dead man. It appears

+to be a fragment torn from a larger sheet. You will observe that the

+hour mentioned upon it is the very time at which the poor fellow met his

+fate. You see that his murderer might have torn the rest of the sheet

+from him or he might have taken this fragment from the murderer. It

+reads almost as though it were an appointment."

+

+Holmes took up the scrap of paper, a fac-simile of which is here

+reproduced.

+

+     d at quarter to twelve learn what maybe

+

+"Presuming that it is an appointment," continued the Inspector, "it is

+of course a conceivable theory that this William Kirwan--though he had

+the reputation of being an honest man, may have been in league with the

+thief. He may have met him there, may even have helped him to break in

+the door, and then they may have fallen out between themselves."

+

+"This writing is of extraordinary interest," said Holmes, who had been

+examining it with intense concentration. "These are much deeper waters

+than I had thought." He sank his head upon his hands, while the Inspector

+smiled at the effect which his case had had upon the famous London

+specialist.

+

+"Your last remark," said Holmes, presently, "as to the possibility of

+there being an understanding between the burglar and the servant, and

+this being a note of appointment from one to the other, is an ingenious

+and not entirely impossible supposition. But this writing opens up--" He

+sank his head into his hands again and remained for some minutes in the

+deepest thought. When he raised his face again, I was surprised to see

+that his cheek was tinged with color, and his eyes as bright as before

+his illness. He sprang to his feet with all his old energy.

+

+"I'll tell you what," said he, "I should like to have a quiet little

+glance into the details of this case. There is something in it which

+fascinates me extremely. If you will permit me, Colonel, I will leave my

+friend Watson and you, and I will step round with the Inspector to test

+the truth of one or two little fancies of mine. I will be with you again

+in half an hour."

+

+An hour and half had elapsed before the Inspector returned alone.

+

+"Mr. Holmes is walking up and down in the field outside," said he. "He

+wants us all four to go up to the house together."

+

+"To Mr. Cunningham's?"

+

+"Yes, sir."

+

+"What for?"

+

+The Inspector shrugged his shoulders. "I don't quite know, sir. Between

+ourselves, I think Mr. Holmes had not quite got over his illness yet.

+He's been behaving very queerly, and he is very much excited."

+

+"I don't think you need alarm yourself," said I. "I have usually found

+that there was method in his madness."

+

+"Some folks might say there was madness in his method," muttered the

+Inspector. "But he's all on fire to start, Colonel, so we had best go

+out if you are ready."

+

+We found Holmes pacing up and down in the field, his chin sunk upon his

+breast, and his hands thrust into his trousers pockets.

+

+"The matter grows in interest," said he. "Watson, your country-trip has

+been a distinct success. I have had a charming morning."

+

+"You have been up to the scene of the crime, I understand," said the

+Colonel.

+

+"Yes; the Inspector and I have made quite a little reconnaissance

+together."

+

+"Any success?"

+

+"Well, we have seen some very interesting things. I'll tell you what we

+did as we walk. First of all, we saw the body of this unfortunate man.

+He certainly died from a revolver wound as reported."

+

+"Had you doubted it, then?"

+

+"Oh, it is as well to test everything. Our inspection was not wasted. We

+then had an interview with Mr. Cunningham and his son, who were able

+to point out the exact spot where the murderer had broken through the

+garden-hedge in his flight. That was of great interest."

+

+"Naturally."

+

+"Then we had a look at this poor fellow's mother. We could get no

+information from her, however, as she is very old and feeble."

+

+"And what is the result of your investigations?"

+

+"The conviction that the crime is a very peculiar one. Perhaps our visit

+now may do something to make it less obscure. I think that we are both

+agreed, Inspector that the fragment of paper in the dead man's hand,

+bearing, as it does, the very hour of his death written upon it, is of

+extreme importance."

+

+"It should give a clue, Mr. Holmes."

+

+"It does give a clue. Whoever wrote that note was the man who brought

+William Kirwan out of his bed at that hour. But where is the rest of

+that sheet of paper?"

+

+"I examined the ground carefully in the hope of finding it," said the

+Inspector.

+

+"It was torn out of the dead man's hand. Why was some one so anxious to

+get possession of it? Because it incriminated him. And what would he do

+with it? Thrust it into his pocket, most likely, never noticing that a

+corner of it had been left in the grip of the corpse. If we could get

+the rest of that sheet it is obvious that we should have gone a long way

+towards solving the mystery."

+

+"Yes, but how can we get at the criminal's pocket before we catch the

+criminal?"

+

+"Well, well, it was worth thinking over. Then there is another obvious

+point. The note was sent to William. The man who wrote it could not have

+taken it; otherwise, of course, he might have delivered his own message

+by word of mouth. Who brought the note, then? Or did it come through the

+post?"

+

+"I have made inquiries," said the Inspector. "William received a letter

+by the afternoon post yesterday. The envelope was destroyed by him."

+

+"Excellent!" cried Holmes, clapping the Inspector on the back. "You've

+seen the postman. It is a pleasure to work with you. Well, here is the

+lodge, and if you will come up, Colonel, I will show you the scene of

+the crime."

+

+We passed the pretty cottage where the murdered man had lived, and

+walked up an oak-lined avenue to the fine old Queen Anne house, which

+bears the date of Malplaquet upon the lintel of the door. Holmes and

+the Inspector led us round it until we came to the side gate, which is

+separated by a stretch of garden from the hedge which lines the road. A

+constable was standing at the kitchen door.

+

+"Throw the door open, officer," said Holmes. "Now, it was on those

+stairs that young Mr. Cunningham stood and saw the two men struggling

+just where we are. Old Mr. Cunningham was at that window--the second on

+the left--and he saw the fellow get away just to the left of that bush.

+Then Mr. Alec ran out and knelt beside the wounded man. The ground is

+very hard, you see, and there are no marks to guide us." As he spoke two

+men came down the garden path, from round the angle of the house. The

+one was an elderly man, with a strong, deep-lined, heavy-eyed face; the

+other a dashing young fellow, whose bright, smiling expression and showy

+dress were in strange contract with the business which had brought us

+there.

+

+"Still at it, then?" said he to Holmes. "I thought you Londoners were

+never at fault. You don't seem to be so very quick, after all."

+

+"Ah, you must give us a little time," said Holmes good-humoredly.

+

+"You'll want it," said young Alec Cunningham. "Why, I don't see that we

+have any clue at all."

+

+"There's only one," answered the Inspector. "We thought that if we could

+only find--Good heavens, Mr. Holmes! What is the matter?"

+

+My poor friend's face had suddenly assumed the most dreadful expression.

+His eyes rolled upwards, his features writhed in agony, and with a

+suppressed groan he dropped on his face upon the ground. Horrified

+at the suddenness and severity of the attack, we carried him into the

+kitchen, where he lay back in a large chair, and breathed heavily for

+some minutes. Finally, with a shamefaced apology for his weakness, he

+rose once more.

+

+"Watson would tell you that I have only just recovered from a severe

+illness," he explained. "I am liable to these sudden nervous attacks."

+

+"Shall I send you home in my trap?" asked old Cunningham.

+

+"Well, since I am here, there is one point on which I should like to

+feel sure. We can very easily verify it."

+

+"What was it?"

+

+"Well, it seems to me that it is just possible that the arrival of

+this poor fellow William was not before, but after, the entrance of

+the burglary into the house. You appear to take it for granted that,

+although the door was forced, the robber never got in."

+

+"I fancy that is quite obvious," said Mr. Cunningham, gravely. "Why, my

+son Alec had not yet gone to bed, and he would certainly have heard any

+one moving about."

+

+"Where was he sitting?"

+

+"I was smoking in my dressing-room."

+

+"Which window is that?"

+

+"The last on the left next my father's."

+

+"Both of your lamps were lit, of course?"

+

+"Undoubtedly."

+

+"There are some very singular points here," said Holmes, smiling. "Is

+it not extraordinary that a burglary--and a burglar who had had some

+previous experience--should deliberately break into a house at a time

+when he could see from the lights that two of the family were still

+afoot?"

+

+"He must have been a cool hand."

+

+"Well, of course, if the case were not an odd one we should not have

+been driven to ask you for an explanation," said young Mr. Alec. "But as

+to your ideas that the man had robbed the house before William tackled

+him, I think it a most absurd notion. Wouldn't we have found the place

+disarranged, and missed the things which he had taken?"

+

+"It depends on what the things were," said Holmes. "You must remember

+that we are dealing with a burglar who is a very peculiar fellow, and

+who appears to work on lines of his own. Look, for example, at the

+queer lot of things which he took from Acton's--what was it?--a ball of

+string, a letter-weight, and I don't know what other odds and ends."

+

+"Well, we are quite in your hands, Mr. Holmes," said old Cunningham.

+"Anything which you or the Inspector may suggest will most certainly be

+done."

+

+"In the first place," said Holmes, "I should like you to offer a

+reward--coming from yourself, for the officials may take a little time

+before they would agree upon the sum, and these things cannot be done

+too promptly. I have jotted down the form here, if you would not mind

+signing it. Fifty pounds was quite enough, I thought."

+

+"I would willingly give five hundred," said the J.P., taking the slip

+of paper and the pencil which Holmes handed to him. "This is not quite

+correct, however," he added, glancing over the document.

+

+"I wrote it rather hurriedly."

+

+"You see you begin, 'Whereas, at about a quarter to one on Tuesday

+morning an attempt was made,' and so on. It was at a quarter to twelve,

+as a matter of fact."

+

+I was pained at the mistake, for I knew how keenly Holmes would feel any

+slip of the kind. It was his specialty to be accurate as to fact, but

+his recent illness had shaken him, and this one little incident was

+enough to show me that he was still far from being himself. He was

+obviously embarrassed for an instant, while the Inspector raised his

+eyebrows, and Alec Cunningham burst into a laugh. The old gentleman

+corrected the mistake, however, and handed the paper back to Holmes.

+

+"Get it printed as soon as possible," he said; "I think your idea is an

+excellent one."

+

+Holmes put the slip of paper carefully away into his pocket-book.

+

+"And now," said he, "it really would be a good thing that we should all

+go over the house together and make certain that this rather erratic

+burglar did not, after all, carry anything away with him."

+

+Before entering, Holmes made an examination of the door which had been

+forced. It was evident that a chisel or strong knife had been thrust

+in, and the lock forced back with it. We could see the marks in the wood

+where it had been pushed in.

+

+"You don't use bars, then?" he asked.

+

+"We have never found it necessary."

+

+"You don't keep a dog?"

+

+"Yes, but he is chained on the other side of the house."

+

+"When do the servants go to bed?"

+

+"About ten."

+

+"I understand that William was usually in bed also at that hour."

+

+"Yes."

+

+"It is singular that on this particular night he should have been up.

+Now, I should be very glad if you would have the kindness to show us

+over the house, Mr. Cunningham."

+

+A stone-flagged passage, with the kitchens branching away from it, led

+by a wooden staircase directly to the first floor of the house. It came

+out upon the landing opposite to a second more ornamental stair which

+came up from the front hall. Out of this landing opened the drawing-room

+and several bedrooms, including those of Mr. Cunningham and his son.

+Holmes walked slowly, taking keen note of the architecture of the house.

+I could tell from his expression that he was on a hot scent, and yet

+I could not in the least imagine in what direction his inferences were

+leading him.

+

+"My good sir," said Mr. Cunningham with some impatience, "this is surely

+very unnecessary. That is my room at the end of the stairs, and my

+son's is the one beyond it. I leave it to your judgment whether it was

+possible for the thief to have come up here without disturbing us."

+

+"You must try round and get on a fresh scent, I fancy," said the son

+with a rather malicious smile.

+

+"Still, I must ask you to humor me a little further. I should like, for

+example, to see how far the windows of the bedrooms command the front.

+This, I understand is your son's room"--he pushed open the door--"and

+that, I presume, is the dressing-room in which he sat smoking when the

+alarm was given. Where does the window of that look out to?" He stepped

+across the bedroom, pushed open the door, and glanced round the other

+chamber.

+

+"I hope that you are satisfied now?" said Mr. Cunningham, tartly.

+

+"Thank you, I think I have seen all that I wished."

+

+"Then if it is really necessary we can go into my room."

+

+"If it is not too much trouble."

+

+The J. P. shrugged his shoulders, and led the way into his own chamber,

+which was a plainly furnished and commonplace room. As we moved across

+it in the direction of the window, Holmes fell back until he and I were

+the last of the group. Near the foot of the bed stood a dish of oranges

+and a carafe of water. As we passed it Holmes, to my unutterable

+astonishment, leaned over in front of me and deliberately knocked the

+whole thing over. The glass smashed into a thousand pieces and the fruit

+rolled about into every corner of the room.

+

+"You've done it now, Watson," said he, coolly. "A pretty mess you've

+made of the carpet."

+

+I stooped in some confusion and began to pick up the fruit,

+understanding for some reason my companion desired me to take the blame

+upon myself. The others did the same, and set the table on its legs

+again.

+

+"Hullo!" cried the Inspector, "where's he got to?"

+

+Holmes had disappeared.

+

+"Wait here an instant," said young Alec Cunningham. "The fellow is off

+his head, in my opinion. Come with me, father, and see where he has got

+to!"

+

+They rushed out of the room, leaving the Inspector, the Colonel, and me

+staring at each other.

+

+"'Pon my word, I am inclined to agree with Master Alec," said the

+official. "It may be the effect of this illness, but it seems to me

+that--"

+

+His words were cut short by a sudden scream of "Help! Help! Murder!"

+With a thrill I recognized the voice of that of my friend. I rushed

+madly from the room on to the landing. The cries, which had sunk down

+into a hoarse, inarticulate shouting, came from the room which we had

+first visited. I dashed in, and on into the dressing-room beyond. The

+two Cunninghams were bending over the prostrate figure of Sherlock

+Holmes, the younger clutching his throat with both hands, while the

+elder seemed to be twisting one of his wrists. In an instant the three

+of us had torn them away from him, and Holmes staggered to his feet,

+very pale and evidently greatly exhausted.

+

+"Arrest these men, Inspector," he gasped.

+

+"On what charge?"

+

+"That of murdering their coachman, William Kirwan."

+

+The Inspector stared about him in bewilderment. "Oh, come now, Mr.

+Holmes," said he at last, "I'm sure you don't really mean to--"

+

+"Tut, man, look at their faces!" cried Holmes, curtly.

+

+Never certainly have I seen a plainer confession of guilt upon human

+countenances. The older man seemed numbed and dazed with a heavy, sullen

+expression upon his strongly-marked face. The son, on the other hand,

+had dropped all that jaunty, dashing style which had characterized him,

+and the ferocity of a dangerous wild beast gleamed in his dark eyes

+and distorted his handsome features. The Inspector said nothing, but,

+stepping to the door, he blew his whistle. Two of his constables came at

+the call.

+

+"I have no alternative, Mr. Cunningham," said he. "I trust that this may

+all prove to be an absurd mistake, but you can see that--Ah, would you?

+Drop it!" He struck out with his hand, and a revolver which the younger

+man was in the act of cocking clattered down upon the floor.

+

+"Keep that," said Holmes, quietly putting his foot upon it; "you will

+find it useful at the trial. But this is what we really wanted." He held

+up a little crumpled piece of paper.

+

+"The remainder of the sheet!" cried the Inspector.

+

+"Precisely."

+

+"And where was it?"

+

+"Where I was sure it must be. I'll make the whole matter clear to you

+presently. I think, Colonel, that you and Watson might return now, and

+I will be with you again in an hour at the furthest. The Inspector and I

+must have a word with the prisoners, but you will certainly see me back

+at luncheon time."

+

+

+Sherlock Holmes was as good as his word, for about one o'clock he

+rejoined us in the Colonel's smoking-room. He was accompanied by a

+little elderly gentleman, who was introduced to me as the Mr. Acton

+whose house had been the scene of the original burglary.

+

+"I wished Mr. Acton to be present while I demonstrated this small matter

+to you," said Holmes, "for it is natural that he should take a keen

+interest in the details. I am afraid, my dear Colonel, that you must

+regret the hour that you took in such a stormy petrel as I am."

+

+"On the contrary," answered the Colonel, warmly, "I consider it the

+greatest privilege to have been permitted to study your methods of

+working. I confess that they quite surpass my expectations, and that I

+am utterly unable to account for your result. I have not yet seen the

+vestige of a clue."

+

+"I am afraid that my explanation may disillusion you but it has always

+been my habit to hide none of my methods, either from my friend Watson

+or from any one who might take an intelligent interest in them. But,

+first, as I am rather shaken by the knocking about which I had in

+the dressing-room, I think that I shall help myself to a dash of your

+brandy, Colonel. My strength had been rather tried of late."

+

+"I trust that you had no more of those nervous attacks."

+

+Sherlock Holmes laughed heartily. "We will come to that in its turn,"

+said he. "I will lay an account of the case before you in its due order,

+showing you the various points which guided me in my decision. Pray

+interrupt me if there is any inference which is not perfectly clear to

+you.

+

+"It is of the highest importance in the art of detection to be able

+to recognize, out of a number of facts, which are incidental and which

+vital. Otherwise your energy and attention must be dissipated instead of

+being concentrated. Now, in this case there was not the slightest doubt

+in my mind from the first that the key of the whole matter must be

+looked for in the scrap of paper in the dead man's hand.

+

+"Before going into this, I would draw your attention to the fact that,

+if Alec Cunningham's narrative was correct, and if the assailant, after

+shooting William Kirwan, had instantly fled, then it obviously could not

+be he who tore the paper from the dead man's hand. But if it was not he,

+it must have been Alec Cunningham himself, for by the time that the old

+man had descended several servants were upon the scene. The point is a

+simple one, but the Inspector had overlooked it because he had started

+with the supposition that these county magnates had had nothing to do

+with the matter. Now, I make a point of never having any prejudices,

+and of following docilely wherever fact may lead me, and so, in the

+very first stage of the investigation, I found myself looking a little

+askance at the part which had been played by Mr. Alec Cunningham.

+

+"And now I made a very careful examination of the corner of paper which

+the Inspector had submitted to us. It was at once clear to me that it

+formed part of a very remarkable document. Here it is. Do you not now

+observe something very suggestive about it?"

+

+"It has a very irregular look," said the Colonel.

+

+"My dear sir," cried Holmes, "there cannot be the least doubt in the

+world that it has been written by two persons doing alternate words.

+When I draw your attention to the strong t's of 'at' and 'to', and ask

+you to compare them with the weak ones of 'quarter' and 'twelve,' you

+will instantly recognize the fact. A very brief analysis of these

+four words would enable you to say with the utmost confidence that the

+'learn' and the 'maybe' are written in the stronger hand, and the 'what'

+in the weaker."

+

+"By Jove, it's as clear as day!" cried the Colonel. "Why on earth should

+two men write a letter in such a fashion?"

+

+"Obviously the business was a bad one, and one of the men who distrusted

+the other was determined that, whatever was done, each should have an

+equal hand in it. Now, of the two men, it is clear that the one who

+wrote the 'at' and 'to' was the ringleader."

+

+"How do you get at that?"

+

+"We might deduce it from the mere character of the one hand as compared

+with the other. But we have more assured reasons than that for supposing

+it. If you examine this scrap with attention you will come to the

+conclusion that the man with the stronger hand wrote all his words

+first, leaving blanks for the other to fill up. These blanks were not

+always sufficient, and you can see that the second man had a squeeze

+to fit his 'quarter' in between the 'at' and the 'to,' showing that the

+latter were already written. The man who wrote all his words first is

+undoubtedly the man who planned the affair."

+

+"Excellent!" cried Mr. Acton.

+

+"But very superficial," said Holmes. "We come now, however, to a point

+which is of importance. You may not be aware that the deduction of a

+man's age from his writing is one which has brought to considerable

+accuracy by experts. In normal cases one can place a man in his true

+decade with tolerable confidence. I say normal cases, because ill-health

+and physical weakness reproduce the signs of old age, even when the

+invalid is a youth. In this case, looking at the bold, strong hand of

+the one, and the rather broken-backed appearance of the other, which

+still retains its legibility although the t's have begun to lose their

+crossing, we can say that the one was a young man and the other was

+advanced in years without being positively decrepit."

+

+"Excellent!" cried Mr. Acton again.

+

+"There is a further point, however, which is subtler and of greater

+interest. There is something in common between these hands. They belong

+to men who are blood-relatives. It may be most obvious to you in the

+Greek e's, but to me there are many small points which indicate the same

+thing. I have no doubt at all that a family mannerism can be traced in

+these two specimens of writing. I am only, of course, giving you

+the leading results now of my examination of the paper. There were

+twenty-three other deductions which would be of more interest to experts

+than to you. They all tend to deepen the impression upon my mind that

+the Cunninghams, father and son, had written this letter.

+

+"Having got so far, my next step was, of course, to examine into the

+details of the crime, and to see how far they would help us. I went up

+to the house with the Inspector, and saw all that was to be seen. The

+wound upon the dead man was, as I was able to determine with absolute

+confidence, fired from a revolver at the distance of something over

+four yards. There was no powder-blackening on the clothes. Evidently,

+therefore, Alec Cunningham had lied when he said that the two men were

+struggling when the shot was fired. Again, both father and son agreed

+as to the place where the man escaped into the road. At that point,

+however, as it happens, there is a broadish ditch, moist at the bottom.

+As there were no indications of bootmarks about this ditch, I was

+absolutely sure not only that the Cunninghams had again lied, but that

+there had never been any unknown man upon the scene at all.

+

+"And now I have to consider the motive of this singular crime. To get

+at this, I endeavored first of all to solve the reason of the original

+burglary at Mr. Acton's. I understood, from something which the Colonel

+told us, that a lawsuit had been going on between you, Mr. Acton, and

+the Cunninghams. Of course, it instantly occurred to me that they had

+broken into your library with the intention of getting at some document

+which might be of importance in the case."

+

+"Precisely so," said Mr. Acton. "There can be no possible doubt as to

+their intentions. I have the clearest claim upon half of their present

+estate, and if they could have found a single paper--which, fortunately,

+was in the strong-box of my solicitors--they would undoubtedly have

+crippled our case."

+

+"There you are," said Holmes, smiling. "It was a dangerous, reckless

+attempt, in which I seem to trace the influence of young Alec. Having

+found nothing they tried to divert suspicion by making it appear to be

+an ordinary burglary, to which end they carried off whatever they could

+lay their hands upon. That is all clear enough, but there was much that

+was still obscure. What I wanted above all was to get the missing part

+of that note. I was certain that Alec had torn it out of the dead man's

+hand, and almost certain that he must have thrust it into the pocket of

+his dressing-gown. Where else could he have put it? The only question

+was whether it was still there. It was worth an effort to find out, and

+for that object we all went up to the house.

+

+"The Cunninghams joined us, as you doubtless remember, outside the

+kitchen door. It was, of course, of the very first importance that they

+should not be reminded of the existence of this paper, otherwise they

+would naturally destroy it without delay. The Inspector was about to

+tell them the importance which we attached to it when, by the luckiest

+chance in the world, I tumbled down in a sort of fit and so changed the

+conversation.

+

+"Good heavens!" cried the Colonel, laughing, "do you mean to say all our

+sympathy was wasted and your fit an imposture?"

+

+"Speaking professionally, it was admirably done," cried I, looking in

+amazement at this man who was forever confounding me with some new phase

+of his astuteness.

+

+"It is an art which is often useful," said he. "When I recovered I

+managed, by a device which had perhaps some little merit of ingenuity,

+to get old Cunningham to write the word 'twelve,' so that I might

+compare it with the 'twelve' upon the paper."

+

+"Oh, what an ass I have been!" I exclaimed.

+

+"I could see that you were commiserating me over my weakness," said

+Holmes, laughing. "I was sorry to cause you the sympathetic pain which

+I know that you felt. We then went upstairs together, and having entered

+the room and seen the dressing-gown hanging up behind the door, I

+contrived, by upsetting a table, to engage their attention for the

+moment, and slipped back to examine the pockets. I had hardly got the

+paper, however--which was, as I had expected, in one of them--when the

+two Cunninghams were on me, and would, I verily believe, have murdered

+me then and there but for your prompt and friendly aid. As it is, I feel

+that young man's grip on my throat now, and the father has twisted my

+wrist round in the effort to get the paper out of my hand. They saw that

+I must know all about it, you see, and the sudden change from absolute

+security to complete despair made them perfectly desperate.

+

+"I had a little talk with old Cunningham afterwards as to the motive of

+the crime. He was tractable enough, though his son was a perfect demon,

+ready to blow out his own or anybody else's brains if he could have got

+to his revolver. When Cunningham saw that the case against him was so

+strong he lost all heart and made a clean breast of everything. It seems

+that William had secretly followed his two masters on the night when

+they made their raid upon Mr. Acton's, and having thus got them into

+his power, proceeded, under threats of exposure, to levy blackmail upon

+them. Mr. Alec, however, was a dangerous man to play games of that

+sort with. It was a stroke of positive genius on his part to see in the

+burglary scare which was convulsing the country side an opportunity of

+plausibly getting rid of the man whom he feared. William was decoyed up

+and shot, and had they only got the whole of the note and paid a little

+more attention to detail in the accessories, it is very possible that

+suspicion might never have been aroused."

+

+"And the note?" I asked.

+

+Sherlock Holmes placed the subjoined paper before us.

+

+     If you will only come around to the east gate you it will

+     very much surprise you and be of the greatest service to you

+     and also to Annie Morrison. But say nothing to anyone upon

+     the matter.

+

+"It is very much the sort of thing that I expected," said he. "Of

+course, we do not yet know what the relations may have been between Alec

+Cunningham, William Kirwan, and Annie Morrison. The results shows that

+the trap was skillfully baited. I am sure that you cannot fail to be

+delighted with the traces of heredity shown in the p's and in the tails

+of the g's. The absence of the i-dots in the old man's writing is also

+most characteristic. Watson, I think our quiet rest in the country has

+been a distinct success, and I shall certainly return much invigorated

+to Baker Street to-morrow."

+

+

+

+

+Adventure VII. The Crooked Man

+

+

+One summer night, a few months after my marriage, I was seated by my own

+hearth smoking a last pipe and nodding over a novel, for my day's work

+had been an exhausting one. My wife had already gone upstairs, and the

+sound of the locking of the hall door some time before told me that the

+servants had also retired. I had risen from my seat and was knocking out

+the ashes of my pipe when I suddenly heard the clang of the bell.

+

+I looked at the clock. It was a quarter to twelve. This could not be

+a visitor at so late an hour. A patient, evidently, and possibly an

+all-night sitting. With a wry face I went out into the hall and opened

+the door. To my astonishment it was Sherlock Holmes who stood upon my

+step.

+

+"Ah, Watson," said he, "I hoped that I might not be too late to catch

+you."

+

+"My dear fellow, pray come in."

+

+"You look surprised, and no wonder! Relieved, too, I fancy! Hum! You

+still smoke the Arcadia mixture of your bachelor days then! There's no

+mistaking that fluffy ash upon your coat. It's easy to tell that you

+have been accustomed to wear a uniform, Watson. You'll never pass as

+a pure-bred civilian as long as you keep that habit of carrying your

+handkerchief in your sleeve. Could you put me up to-night?"

+

+"With pleasure."

+

+"You told me that you had bachelor quarters for one, and I see that you

+have no gentleman visitor at present. Your hat-stand proclaims as much."

+

+"I shall be delighted if you will stay."

+

+"Thank you. I'll fill the vacant peg then. Sorry to see that you've had

+the British workman in the house. He's a token of evil. Not the drains,

+I hope?"

+

+"No, the gas."

+

+"Ah! He has left two nail-marks from his boot upon your linoleum

+just where the light strikes it. No, thank you, I had some supper at

+Waterloo, but I'll smoke a pipe with you with pleasure."

+

+I handed him my pouch, and he seated himself opposite to me and smoked

+for some time in silence. I was well aware that nothing but business

+of importance would have brought him to me at such an hour, so I waited

+patiently until he should come round to it.

+

+"I see that you are professionally rather busy just now," said he,

+glancing very keenly across at me.

+

+"Yes, I've had a busy day," I answered. "It may seem very foolish in

+your eyes," I added, "but really I don't know how you deduced it."

+

+Holmes chuckled to himself.

+

+"I have the advantage of knowing your habits, my dear Watson," said he.

+"When your round is a short one you walk, and when it is a long one you

+use a hansom. As I perceive that your boots, although used, are by

+no means dirty, I cannot doubt that you are at present busy enough to

+justify the hansom."

+

+"Excellent!" I cried.

+

+"Elementary," said he. "It is one of those instances where the reasoner

+can produce an effect which seems remarkable to his neighbor, because

+the latter has missed the one little point which is the basis of the

+deduction. The same may be said, my dear fellow, for the effect of

+some of these little sketches of yours, which is entirely meretricious,

+depending as it does upon your retaining in your own hands some factors

+in the problem which are never imparted to the reader. Now, at present

+I am in the position of these same readers, for I hold in this hand

+several threads of one of the strangest cases which ever perplexed a

+man's brain, and yet I lack the one or two which are needful to complete

+my theory. But I'll have them, Watson, I'll have them!" His eyes kindled

+and a slight flush sprang into his thin cheeks. For an instant only.

+When I glanced again his face had resumed that red-Indian composure

+which had made so many regard him as a machine rather than a man.

+

+"The problem presents features of interest," said he. "I may even say

+exceptional features of interest. I have already looked into the matter,

+and have come, as I think, within sight of my solution. If you could

+accompany me in that last step you might be of considerable service to

+me."

+

+"I should be delighted."

+

+"Could you go as far as Aldershot to-morrow?"

+

+"I have no doubt Jackson would take my practice."

+

+"Very good. I want to start by the 11.10 from Waterloo."

+

+"That would give me time."

+

+"Then, if you are not too sleepy, I will give you a sketch of what has

+happened, and of what remains to be done."

+

+"I was sleepy before you came. I am quite wakeful now."

+

+"I will compress the story as far as may be done without omitting

+anything vital to the case. It is conceivable that you may even have

+read some account of the matter. It is the supposed murder of Colonel

+Barclay, of the Royal Munsters, at Aldershot, which I am investigating."

+

+"I have heard nothing of it."

+

+"It has not excited much attention yet, except locally. The facts are

+only two days old. Briefly they are these:

+

+"The Royal Munsters is, as you know, one of the most famous Irish

+regiments in the British army. It did wonders both in the Crimea and the

+Mutiny, and has since that time distinguished itself upon every possible

+occasion. It was commanded up to Monday night by James Barclay,

+a gallant veteran, who started as a full private, was raised to

+commissioned rank for his bravery at the time of the Mutiny, and so

+lived to command the regiment in which he had once carried a musket.

+

+"Colonel Barclay had married at the time when he was a sergeant, and

+his wife, whose maiden name was Miss Nancy Devoy, was the daughter of a

+former color-sergeant in the same corps. There was, therefore, as can

+be imagined, some little social friction when the young couple (for

+they were still young) found themselves in their new surroundings. They

+appear, however, to have quickly adapted themselves, and Mrs. Barclay

+has always, I understand, been as popular with the ladies of the

+regiment as her husband was with his brother officers. I may add that

+she was a woman of great beauty, and that even now, when she has been

+married for upwards of thirty years, she is still of a striking and

+queenly appearance.

+

+"Colonel Barclay's family life appears to have been a uniformly happy

+one. Major Murphy, to whom I owe most of my facts, assures me that he

+has never heard of any misunderstanding between the pair. On the whole,

+he thinks that Barclay's devotion to his wife was greater than his

+wife's to Barclay. He was acutely uneasy if he were absent from her for

+a day. She, on the other hand, though devoted and faithful, was less

+obtrusively affectionate. But they were regarded in the regiment as

+the very model of a middle-aged couple. There was absolutely nothing in

+their mutual relations to prepare people for the tragedy which was to

+follow.

+

+"Colonel Barclay himself seems to have had some singular traits in his

+character. He was a dashing, jovial old soldier in his usual mood,

+but there were occasions on which he seemed to show himself capable

+of considerable violence and vindictiveness. This side of his nature,

+however, appears never to have been turned towards his wife. Another

+fact, which had struck Major Murphy and three out of five of the other

+officers with whom I conversed, was the singular sort of depression

+which came upon him at times. As the major expressed it, the smile had

+often been struck from his mouth, as if by some invisible hand, when he

+has been joining the gayeties and chaff of the mess-table. For days on

+end, when the mood was on him, he has been sunk in the deepest gloom.

+This and a certain tinge of superstition were the only unusual traits

+in his character which his brother officers had observed. The latter

+peculiarity took the form of a dislike to being left alone, especially

+after dark. This puerile feature in a nature which was conspicuously

+manly had often given rise to comment and conjecture.

+

+"The first battalion of the Royal Munsters (which is the old 117th) has

+been stationed at Aldershot for some years. The married officers live

+out of barracks, and the Colonel has during all this time occupied a

+villa called Lachine, about half a mile from the north camp. The house

+stands in its own grounds, but the west side of it is not more than

+thirty yards from the high-road. A coachman and two maids form the

+staff of servants. These with their master and mistress were the sole

+occupants of Lachine, for the Barclays had no children, nor was it usual

+for them to have resident visitors.

+

+"Now for the events at Lachine between nine and ten on the evening of

+last Monday."

+

+"Mrs. Barclay was, it appears, a member of the Roman Catholic Church,

+and had interested herself very much in the establishment of the Guild

+of St. George, which was formed in connection with the Watt Street

+Chapel for the purpose of supplying the poor with cast-off clothing.

+A meeting of the Guild had been held that evening at eight, and Mrs.

+Barclay had hurried over her dinner in order to be present at it. When

+leaving the house she was heard by the coachman to make some commonplace

+remark to her husband, and to assure him that she would be back before

+very long. She then called for Miss Morrison, a young lady who lives

+in the next villa, and the two went off together to their meeting. It

+lasted forty minutes, and at a quarter-past nine Mrs. Barclay returned

+home, having left Miss Morrison at her door as she passed.

+

+"There is a room which is used as a morning-room at Lachine. This faces

+the road and opens by a large glass folding-door on to the lawn. The

+lawn is thirty yards across, and is only divided from the highway by

+a low wall with an iron rail above it. It was into this room that Mrs.

+Barclay went upon her return. The blinds were not down, for the room was

+seldom used in the evening, but Mrs. Barclay herself lit the lamp and

+then rang the bell, asking Jane Stewart, the house-maid, to bring her

+a cup of tea, which was quite contrary to her usual habits. The Colonel

+had been sitting in the dining-room, but hearing that his wife had

+returned he joined her in the morning-room. The coachman saw him cross

+the hall and enter it. He was never seen again alive.

+

+"The tea which had been ordered was brought up at the end of ten

+minutes; but the maid, as she approached the door, was surprised to

+hear the voices of her master and mistress in furious altercation. She

+knocked without receiving any answer, and even turned the handle, but

+only to find that the door was locked upon the inside. Naturally enough

+she ran down to tell the cook, and the two women with the coachman came

+up into the hall and listened to the dispute which was still raging.

+They all agreed that only two voices were to be heard, those of Barclay

+and of his wife. Barclay's remarks were subdued and abrupt, so that none

+of them were audible to the listeners. The lady's, on the other hand,

+were most bitter, and when she raised her voice could be plainly heard.

+'You coward!' she repeated over and over again. 'What can be done now?

+What can be done now? Give me back my life. I will never so much as

+breathe the same air with you again! You coward! You coward!' Those were

+scraps of her conversation, ending in a sudden dreadful cry in the man's

+voice, with a crash, and a piercing scream from the woman. Convinced

+that some tragedy had occurred, the coachman rushed to the door and

+strove to force it, while scream after scream issued from within. He was

+unable, however, to make his way in, and the maids were too distracted

+with fear to be of any assistance to him. A sudden thought struck him,

+however, and he ran through the hall door and round to the lawn upon

+which the long French windows open. One side of the window was open,

+which I understand was quite usual in the summer-time, and he passed

+without difficulty into the room. His mistress had ceased to scream and

+was stretched insensible upon a couch, while with his feet tilted over

+the side of an arm-chair, and his head upon the ground near the corner

+of the fender, was lying the unfortunate soldier stone dead in a pool of

+his own blood.

+

+"Naturally, the coachman's first thought, on finding that he could do

+nothing for his master, was to open the door. But here an unexpected and

+singular difficulty presented itself. The key was not in the inner side

+of the door, nor could he find it anywhere in the room. He went out

+again, therefore, through the window, and having obtained the help of

+a policeman and of a medical man, he returned. The lady, against whom

+naturally the strongest suspicion rested, was removed to her room, still

+in a state of insensibility. The Colonel's body was then placed upon the

+sofa, and a careful examination made of the scene of the tragedy.

+

+"The injury from which the unfortunate veteran was suffering was found

+to be a jagged cut some two inches long at the back part of his head,

+which had evidently been caused by a violent blow from a blunt weapon.

+Nor was it difficult to guess what that weapon may have been. Upon the

+floor, close to the body, was lying a singular club of hard carved wood

+with a bone handle. The Colonel possessed a varied collection of weapons

+brought from the different countries in which he had fought, and it

+is conjectured by the police that his club was among his trophies. The

+servants deny having seen it before, but among the numerous curiosities

+in the house it is possible that it may have been overlooked. Nothing

+else of importance was discovered in the room by the police, save the

+inexplicable fact that neither upon Mrs. Barclay's person nor upon that

+of the victim nor in any part of the room was the missing key to

+be found. The door had eventually to be opened by a locksmith from

+Aldershot.

+

+"That was the state of things, Watson, when upon the Tuesday morning I,

+at the request of Major Murphy, went down to Aldershot to supplement

+the efforts of the police. I think that you will acknowledge that the

+problem was already one of interest, but my observations soon made me

+realize that it was in truth much more extraordinary than would at first

+sight appear.

+

+"Before examining the room I cross-questioned the servants, but only

+succeeded in eliciting the facts which I have already stated. One other

+detail of interest was remembered by Jane Stewart, the housemaid. You

+will remember that on hearing the sound of the quarrel she descended and

+returned with the other servants. On that first occasion, when she was

+alone, she says that the voices of her master and mistress were sunk

+so low that she could hear hardly anything, and judged by their tones

+rather than their words that they had fallen out. On my pressing her,

+however, she remembered that she heard the word David uttered twice by

+the lady. The point is of the utmost importance as guiding us towards

+the reason of the sudden quarrel. The Colonel's name, you remember, was

+James.

+

+"There was one thing in the case which had made the deepest impression

+both upon the servants and the police. This was the contortion of the

+Colonel's face. It had set, according to their account, into the most

+dreadful expression of fear and horror which a human countenance is

+capable of assuming. More than one person fainted at the mere sight

+of him, so terrible was the effect. It was quite certain that he had

+foreseen his fate, and that it had caused him the utmost horror. This,

+of course, fitted in well enough with the police theory, if the Colonel

+could have seen his wife making a murderous attack upon him. Nor was

+the fact of the wound being on the back of his head a fatal objection to

+this, as he might have turned to avoid the blow. No information could

+be got from the lady herself, who was temporarily insane from an acute

+attack of brain-fever.

+

+"From the police I learned that Miss Morrison, who you remember went out

+that evening with Mrs. Barclay, denied having any knowledge of what it

+was which had caused the ill-humor in which her companion had returned.

+

+"Having gathered these facts, Watson, I smoked several pipes over them,

+trying to separate those which were crucial from others which were

+merely incidental. There could be no question that the most distinctive

+and suggestive point in the case was the singular disappearance of the

+door-key. A most careful search had failed to discover it in the room.

+Therefore it must have been taken from it. But neither the Colonel

+nor the Colonel's wife could have taken it. That was perfectly clear.

+Therefore a third person must have entered the room. And that third

+person could only have come in through the window. It seemed to me that

+a careful examination of the room and the lawn might possibly reveal

+some traces of this mysterious individual. You know my methods, Watson.

+There was not one of them which I did not apply to the inquiry. And it

+ended by my discovering traces, but very different ones from those which

+I had expected. There had been a man in the room, and he had crossed

+the lawn coming from the road. I was able to obtain five very clear

+impressions of his foot-marks: one in the roadway itself, at the point

+where he had climbed the low wall, two on the lawn, and two very faint

+ones upon the stained boards near the window where he had entered.

+He had apparently rushed across the lawn, for his toe-marks were much

+deeper than his heels. But it was not the man who surprised me. It was

+his companion."

+

+"His companion!"

+

+Holmes pulled a large sheet of tissue-paper out of his pocket and

+carefully unfolded it upon his knee.

+

+"What do you make of that?" he asked.

+

+The paper was covered with he tracings of the foot-marks of some small

+animal. It had five well-marked foot-pads, an indication of long nails,

+and the whole print might be nearly as large as a dessert-spoon.

+

+"It's a dog," said I.

+

+"Did you ever hear of a dog running up a curtain? I found distinct

+traces that this creature had done so."

+

+"A monkey, then?"

+

+"But it is not the print of a monkey."

+

+"What can it be, then?"

+

+"Neither dog nor cat nor monkey nor any creature that we are familiar

+with. I have tried to reconstruct it from the measurements. Here are

+four prints where the beast has been standing motionless. You see that

+it is no less than fifteen inches from fore-foot to hind. Add to that

+the length of neck and head, and you get a creature not much less than

+two feet long--probably more if there is any tail. But now observe this

+other measurement. The animal has been moving, and we have the length

+of its stride. In each case it is only about three inches. You have an

+indication, you see, of a long body with very short legs attached to it.

+It has not been considerate enough to leave any of its hair behind it.

+But its general shape must be what I have indicated, and it can run up a

+curtain, and it is carnivorous."

+

+"How do you deduce that?"

+

+"Because it ran up the curtain. A canary's cage was hanging in the

+window, and its aim seems to have been to get at the bird."

+

+"Then what was the beast?"

+

+"Ah, if I could give it a name it might go a long way towards solving

+the case. On the whole, it was probably some creature of the weasel and

+stoat tribe--and yet it is larger than any of these that I have seen."

+

+"But what had it to do with the crime?"

+

+"That, also, is still obscure. But we have learned a good deal, you

+perceive. We know that a man stood in the road looking at the quarrel

+between the Barclays--the blinds were up and the room lighted. We know,

+also, that he ran across the lawn, entered the room, accompanied by a

+strange animal, and that he either struck the Colonel or, as is equally

+possible, that the Colonel fell down from sheer fright at the sight of

+him, and cut his head on the corner of the fender. Finally, we have the

+curious fact that the intruder carried away the key with him when he

+left."

+

+"Your discoveries seem to have left the business more obscure that it

+was before," said I.

+

+"Quite so. They undoubtedly showed that the affair was much deeper than

+was at first conjectured. I thought the matter over, and I came to

+the conclusion that I must approach the case from another aspect. But

+really, Watson, I am keeping you up, and I might just as well tell you

+all this on our way to Aldershot to-morrow."

+

+"Thank you, you have gone rather too far to stop."

+

+"It is quite certain that when Mrs. Barclay left the house at half-past

+seven she was on good terms with her husband. She was never, as I think

+I have said, ostentatiously affectionate, but she was heard by the

+coachman chatting with the Colonel in a friendly fashion. Now, it was

+equally certain that, immediately on her return, she had gone to the

+room in which she was least likely to see her husband, had flown to tea

+as an agitated woman will, and finally, on his coming in to her, had

+broken into violent recriminations. Therefore something had occurred

+between seven-thirty and nine o'clock which had completely altered her

+feelings towards him. But Miss Morrison had been with her during the

+whole of that hour and a half. It was absolutely certain, therefore, in

+spite of her denial, that she must know something of the matter.

+

+"My first conjecture was, that possibly there had been some passages

+between this young lady and the old soldier, which the former had now

+confessed to the wife. That would account for the angry return, and

+also for the girl's denial that anything had occurred. Nor would it be

+entirely incompatible with most of the words overhead. But there was the

+reference to David, and there was the known affection of the Colonel for

+his wife, to weigh against it, to say nothing of the tragic intrusion

+of this other man, which might, of course, be entirely disconnected with

+what had gone before. It was not easy to pick one's steps, but, on the

+whole, I was inclined to dismiss the idea that there had been anything

+between the Colonel and Miss Morrison, but more than ever convinced that

+the young lady held the clue as to what it was which had turned Mrs.

+Barclay to hatred of her husband. I took the obvious course, therefore,

+of calling upon Miss M., of explaining to her that I was perfectly

+certain that she held the facts in her possession, and of assuring her

+that her friend, Mrs. Barclay, might find herself in the dock upon a

+capital charge unless the matter were cleared up.

+

+"Miss Morrison is a little ethereal slip of a girl, with timid eyes

+and blond hair, but I found her by no means wanting in shrewdness and

+common-sense. She sat thinking for some time after I had spoken, and

+then, turning to me with a brisk air of resolution, she broke into a

+remarkable statement which I will condense for your benefit.

+

+"'I promised my friend that I would say nothing of the matter, and a

+promise is a promise,' said she; 'but if I can really help her when

+so serious a charge is laid against her, and when her own mouth, poor

+darling, is closed by illness, then I think I am absolved from my

+promise. I will tell you exactly what happened upon Monday evening.

+

+"'We were returning from the Watt Street Mission about a quarter to nine

+o'clock. On our way we had to pass through Hudson Street, which is

+a very quiet thoroughfare. There is only one lamp in it, upon the

+left-hand side, and as we approached this lamp I saw a man coming

+towards us with his back very bent, and something like a box slung over

+one of his shoulders. He appeared to be deformed, for he carried his

+head low and walked with his knees bent. We were passing him when he

+raised his face to look at us in the circle of light thrown by the lamp,

+and as he did so he stopped and screamed out in a dreadful voice, "My

+God, it's Nancy!" Mrs. Barclay turned as white as death, and would have

+fallen down had the dreadful-looking creature not caught hold of her. I

+was going to call for the police, but she, to my surprise, spoke quite

+civilly to the fellow.

+

+"'"I thought you had been dead this thirty years, Henry," said she, in a

+shaking voice.

+

+"'"So I have," said he, and it was awful to hear the tones that he said

+it in. He had a very dark, fearsome face, and a gleam in his eyes that

+comes back to me in my dreams. His hair and whiskers were shot with

+gray, and his face was all crinkled and puckered like a withered apple.

+

+"'"Just walk on a little way, dear," said Mrs. Barclay; "I want to have

+a word with this man. There is nothing to be afraid of." She tried to

+speak boldly, but she was still deadly pale and could hardly get her

+words out for the trembling of her lips.

+

+"'I did as she asked me, and they talked together for a few minutes.

+Then she came down the street with her eyes blazing, and I saw the

+crippled wretch standing by the lamp-post and shaking his clenched fists

+in the air as if he were mad with rage. She never said a word until we

+were at the door here, when she took me by the hand and begged me to

+tell no one what had happened.

+

+"'"It's an old acquaintance of mine who has come down in the world,"

+said she. When I promised her I would say nothing she kissed me, and I

+have never seen her since. I have told you now the whole truth, and if

+I withheld it from the police it is because I did not realize then the

+danger in which my dear friend stood. I know that it can only be to her

+advantage that everything should be known.'

+

+"There was her statement, Watson, and to me, as you can imagine, it was

+like a light on a dark night. Everything which had been disconnected

+before began at once to assume its true place, and I had a shadowy

+presentiment of the whole sequence of events. My next step obviously was

+to find the man who had produced such a remarkable impression upon Mrs.

+Barclay. If he were still in Aldershot it should not be a very difficult

+matter. There are not such a very great number of civilians, and a

+deformed man was sure to have attracted attention. I spent a day in the

+search, and by evening--this very evening, Watson--I had run him down.

+The man's name is Henry Wood, and he lives in lodgings in this same

+street in which the ladies met him. He has only been five days in the

+place. In the character of a registration-agent I had a most interesting

+gossip with his landlady. The man is by trade a conjurer and performer,

+going round the canteens after nightfall, and giving a little

+entertainment at each. He carries some creature about with him in that

+box; about which the landlady seemed to be in considerable trepidation,

+for she had never seen an animal like it. He uses it in some of his

+tricks according to her account. So much the woman was able to tell me,

+and also that it was a wonder the man lived, seeing how twisted he was,

+and that he spoke in a strange tongue sometimes, and that for the last

+two nights she had heard him groaning and weeping in his bedroom. He

+was all right, as far as money went, but in his deposit he had given her

+what looked like a bad florin. She showed it to me, Watson, and it was

+an Indian rupee.

+

+"So now, my dear fellow, you see exactly how we stand and why it is I

+want you. It is perfectly plain that after the ladies parted from this

+man he followed them at a distance, that he saw the quarrel between

+husband and wife through the window, that he rushed in, and that

+the creature which he carried in his box got loose. That is all very

+certain. But he is the only person in this world who can tell us exactly

+what happened in that room."

+

+"And you intend to ask him?"

+

+"Most certainly--but in the presence of a witness."

+

+"And I am the witness?"

+

+"If you will be so good. If he can clear the matter up, well and good.

+If he refuses, we have no alternative but to apply for a warrant."

+

+"But how do you know he'll be there when we return?"

+

+"You may be sure that I took some precautions. I have one of my Baker

+Street boys mounting guard over him who would stick to him like a burr,

+go where he might. We shall find him in Hudson Street to-morrow, Watson,

+and meanwhile I should be the criminal myself if I kept you out of bed

+any longer."

+

+It was midday when we found ourselves at the scene of the tragedy, and,

+under my companion's guidance, we made our way at once to Hudson Street.

+In spite of his capacity for concealing his emotions, I could easily see

+that Holmes was in a state of suppressed excitement, while I was myself

+tingling with that half-sporting, half-intellectual pleasure which

+I invariably experienced when I associated myself with him in his

+investigations.

+

+"This is the street," said he, as we turned into a short thoroughfare

+lined with plain two-storied brick houses. "Ah, here is Simpson to

+report."

+

+"He's in all right, Mr. Holmes," cried a small street Arab, running up

+to us.

+

+"Good, Simpson!" said Holmes, patting him on the head. "Come along,

+Watson. This is the house." He sent in his card with a message that he

+had come on important business, and a moment later we were face to face

+with the man whom we had come to see. In spite of the warm weather he

+was crouching over a fire, and the little room was like an oven. The

+man sat all twisted and huddled in his chair in a way which gave an

+indescribably impression of deformity; but the face which he turned

+towards us, though worn and swarthy, must at some time have been

+remarkable for its beauty. He looked suspiciously at us now out of

+yellow-shot, bilious eyes, and, without speaking or rising, he waved

+towards two chairs.

+

+"Mr. Henry Wood, late of India, I believe," said Holmes, affably. "I've

+come over this little matter of Colonel Barclay's death."

+

+"What should I know about that?"

+

+"That's what I want to ascertain. You know, I suppose, that unless the

+matter is cleared up, Mrs. Barclay, who is an old friend of yours, will

+in all probability be tried for murder."

+

+The man gave a violent start.

+

+"I don't know who you are," he cried, "nor how you come to know what you

+do know, but will you swear that this is true that you tell me?"

+

+"Why, they are only waiting for her to come to her senses to arrest

+her."

+

+"My God! Are you in the police yourself?"

+

+"No."

+

+"What business is it of yours, then?"

+

+"It's every man's business to see justice done."

+

+"You can take my word that she is innocent."

+

+"Then you are guilty."

+

+"No, I am not."

+

+"Who killed Colonel James Barclay, then?"

+

+"It was a just providence that killed him. But, mind you this, that if

+I had knocked his brains out, as it was in my heart to do, he would have

+had no more than his due from my hands. If his own guilty conscience had

+not struck him down it is likely enough that I might have had his blood

+upon my soul. You want me to tell the story. Well, I don't know why I

+shouldn't, for there's no cause for me to be ashamed of it.

+

+"It was in this way, sir. You see me now with my back like a camel and

+my ribs all awry, but there was a time when Corporal Henry Wood was the

+smartest man in the 117th foot. We were in India then, in cantonments,

+at a place we'll call Bhurtee. Barclay, who died the other day, was

+sergeant in the same company as myself, and the belle of the regiment,

+ay, and the finest girl that ever had the breath of life between her

+lips, was Nancy Devoy, the daughter of the color-sergeant. There were

+two men that loved her, and one that she loved, and you'll smile when

+you look at this poor thing huddled before the fire, and hear me say

+that it was for my good looks that she loved me.

+

+"Well, though I had her heart, her father was set upon her marrying

+Barclay. I was a harum-scarum, reckless lad, and he had had an

+education, and was already marked for the sword-belt. But the girl held

+true to me, and it seemed that I would have had her when the Mutiny

+broke out, and all hell was loose in the country.

+

+"We were shut up in Bhurtee, the regiment of us with half a battery of

+artillery, a company of Sikhs, and a lot of civilians and women-folk.

+There were ten thousand rebels round us, and they were as keen as a set

+of terriers round a rat-cage. About the second week of it our water gave

+out, and it was a question whether we could communicate with General

+Neill's column, which was moving up country. It was our only chance, for

+we could not hope to fight our way out with all the women and children,

+so I volunteered to go out and to warn General Neill of our danger. My

+offer was accepted, and I talked it over with Sergeant Barclay, who was

+supposed to know the ground better than any other man, and who drew up

+a route by which I might get through the rebel lines. At ten o'clock the

+same night I started off upon my journey. There were a thousand lives to

+save, but it was of only one that I was thinking when I dropped over the

+wall that night.

+

+"My way ran down a dried-up watercourse, which we hoped would screen

+me from the enemy's sentries; but as I crept round the corner of it

+I walked right into six of them, who were crouching down in the dark

+waiting for me. In an instant I was stunned with a blow and bound hand

+and foot. But the real blow was to my heart and not to my head, for as

+I came to and listened to as much as I could understand of their talk,

+I heard enough to tell me that my comrade, the very man who had arranged

+the way that I was to take, had betrayed me by means of a native servant

+into the hands of the enemy.

+

+"Well, there's no need for me to dwell on that part of it. You know now

+what James Barclay was capable of. Bhurtee was relieved by Neill next

+day, but the rebels took me away with them in their retreat, and it was

+many a long year before ever I saw a white face again. I was tortured

+and tried to get away, and was captured and tortured again. You can see

+for yourselves the state in which I was left. Some of them that fled

+into Nepaul took me with them, and then afterwards I was up past

+Darjeeling. The hill-folk up there murdered the rebels who had me, and

+I became their slave for a time until I escaped; but instead of going

+south I had to go north, until I found myself among the Afghans. There

+I wandered about for many a year, and at last came back to the Punjab,

+where I lived mostly among the natives and picked up a living by the

+conjuring tricks that I had learned. What use was it for me, a wretched

+cripple, to go back to England or to make myself known to my old

+comrades? Even my wish for revenge would not make me do that. I had

+rather that Nancy and my old pals should think of Harry Wood as having

+died with a straight back, than see him living and crawling with a stick

+like a chimpanzee. They never doubted that I was dead, and I meant that

+they never should. I heard that Barclay had married Nancy, and that he

+was rising rapidly in the regiment, but even that did not make me speak.

+

+"But when one gets old one has a longing for home. For years I've been

+dreaming of the bright green fields and the hedges of England. At last I

+determined to see them before I died. I saved enough to bring me across,

+and then I came here where the soldiers are, for I know their ways and

+how to amuse them and so earn enough to keep me."

+

+"Your narrative is most interesting," said Sherlock Holmes. "I have

+already heard of your meeting with Mrs. Barclay, and your mutual

+recognition. You then, as I understand, followed her home and saw

+through the window an altercation between her husband and her, in which

+she doubtless cast his conduct to you in his teeth. Your own feelings

+overcame you, and you ran across the lawn and broke in upon them."

+

+"I did, sir, and at the sight of me he looked as I have never seen a man

+look before, and over he went with his head on the fender. But he was

+dead before he fell. I read death on his face as plain as I can read

+that text over the fire. The bare sight of me was like a bullet through

+his guilty heart."

+

+"And then?"

+

+"Then Nancy fainted, and I caught up the key of the door from her hand,

+intending to unlock it and get help. But as I was doing it it seemed to

+me better to leave it alone and get away, for the thing might look black

+against me, and any way my secret would be out if I were taken. In my

+haste I thrust the key into my pocket, and dropped my stick while I was

+chasing Teddy, who had run up the curtain. When I got him into his box,

+from which he had slipped, I was off as fast as I could run."

+

+"Who's Teddy?" asked Holmes.

+

+The man leaned over and pulled up the front of a kind of hutch in

+the corner. In an instant out there slipped a beautiful reddish-brown

+creature, thin and lithe, with the legs of a stoat, a long, thin nose,

+and a pair of the finest red eyes that ever I saw in an animal's head.

+

+"It's a mongoose," I cried.

+

+"Well, some call them that, and some call them ichneumon," said the

+man. "Snake-catcher is what I call them, and Teddy is amazing quick on

+cobras. I have one here without the fangs, and Teddy catches it every

+night to please the folk in the canteen.

+

+"Any other point, sir?"

+

+"Well, we may have to apply to you again if Mrs. Barclay should prove to

+be in serious trouble."

+

+"In that case, of course, I'd come forward."

+

+"But if not, there is no object in raking up this scandal against a

+dead man, foully as he has acted. You have at least the satisfaction

+of knowing that for thirty years of his life his conscience bitterly

+reproached him for this wicked deed. Ah, there goes Major Murphy on the

+other side of the street. Good-by, Wood. I want to learn if anything has

+happened since yesterday."

+

+We were in time to overtake the major before he reached the corner.

+

+"Ah, Holmes," he said: "I suppose you have heard that all this fuss has

+come to nothing?"

+

+"What then?"

+

+"The inquest is just over. The medical evidence showed conclusively

+that death was due to apoplexy. You see it was quite a simple case after

+all."

+

+"Oh, remarkably superficial," said Holmes, smiling. "Come, Watson, I

+don't think we shall be wanted in Aldershot any more."

+

+"There's one thing," said I, as we walked down to the station. "If the

+husband's name was James, and the other was Henry, what was this talk

+about David?"

+

+"That one word, my dear Watson, should have told me the whole story had

+I been the ideal reasoner which you are so fond of depicting. It was

+evidently a term of reproach."

+

+"Of reproach?"

+

+"Yes; David strayed a little occasionally, you know, and on one occasion

+in the same direction as Sergeant James Barclay. You remember the small

+affair of Uriah and Bathsheba? My biblical knowledge is a trifle rusty,

+I fear, but you will find the story in the first or second of Samuel."

+

+

+

+

+Adventure VIII. The Resident Patient

+

+

+Glancing over the somewhat incoherent series of Memoirs with which I

+have endeavored to illustrate a few of the mental peculiarities of my

+friend Mr. Sherlock Holmes, I have been struck by the difficulty which I

+have experienced in picking out examples which shall in every way answer

+my purpose. For in those cases in which Holmes has performed some tour

+de force of analytical reasoning, and has demonstrated the value of his

+peculiar methods of investigation, the facts themselves have often been

+so slight or so commonplace that I could not feel justified in laying

+them before the public. On the other hand, it has frequently happened

+that he has been concerned in some research where the facts have been of

+the most remarkable and dramatic character, but where the share which he

+has himself taken in determining their causes has been less pronounced

+than I, as his biographer, could wish. The small matter which I have

+chronicled under the heading of "A Study in Scarlet," and that other

+later one connected with the loss of the Gloria Scott, may serve as

+examples of this Scylla and Charybdis which are forever threatening the

+historian. It may be that in the business of which I am now about to

+write the part which my friend played is not sufficiently accentuated;

+and yet the whole train of circumstances is so remarkable that I cannot

+bring myself to omit it entirely from this series.

+

+It had been a close, rainy day in October. Our blinds were half-drawn,

+and Holmes lay curled upon the sofa, reading and re-reading a letter

+which he had received by the morning post. For myself, my term of

+service in India had trained me to stand heat better than cold, and

+a thermometer of 90 was no hardship. But the paper was uninteresting.

+Parliament had risen. Everybody was out of town, and I yearned for the

+glades of the New Forest or the shingle of Southsea. A depleted bank

+account had caused me to postpone my holiday, and as to my companion,

+neither the country nor the sea presented the slightest attraction to

+him. He loved to lie in the very centre of five millions of people, with

+his filaments stretching out and running through them, responsive to

+every little rumor or suspicion of unsolved crime. Appreciation of

+Nature found no place among his many gifts, and his only change was

+when he turned his mind from the evil-doer of the town to track down his

+brother of the country.

+

+Finding that Holmes was too absorbed for conversation, I had tossed

+aside the barren paper, and leaning back in my chair, I fell into a

+brown study. Suddenly my companion's voice broke in upon my thoughts.

+

+"You are right, Watson," said he. "It does seem a very preposterous way

+of settling a dispute."

+

+"Most preposterous!" I exclaimed, and then, suddenly realizing how

+he had echoed the inmost thought of my soul, I sat up in my chair and

+stared at him in blank amazement.

+

+"What is this, Holmes?" I cried. "This is beyond anything which I could

+have imagined."

+

+He laughed heartily at my perplexity.

+

+"You remember," said he, "that some little time ago, when I read you the

+passage in one of Poe's sketches, in which a close reasoner follows the

+unspoken thought of his companion, you were inclined to treat the

+matter as a mere tour de force of the author. On my remarking that I

+was constantly in the habit of doing the same thing you expressed

+incredulity."

+

+"Oh, no!"

+

+"Perhaps not with your tongue, my dear Watson, but certainly with your

+eyebrows. So when I saw you throw down your paper and enter upon a train

+of thought, I was very happy to have the opportunity of reading it

+off, and eventually of breaking into it, as a proof that I had been in

+rapport with you."

+

+But I was still far from satisfied. "In the example which you read to

+me," said I, "the reasoner drew his conclusions from the actions of the

+man whom he observed. If I remember right, he stumbled over a heap

+of stones, looked up at the stars, and so on. But I have been seated

+quietly in my chair, and what clues can I have given you?"

+

+"You do yourself an injustice. The features are given to man as the

+means by which he shall express his emotions, and yours are faithful

+servants."

+

+"Do you mean to say that you read my train of thoughts from my

+features?"

+

+"Your features, and especially your eyes. Perhaps you cannot yourself

+recall how your reverie commenced?"

+

+"No, I cannot."

+

+"Then I will tell you. After throwing down your paper, which was the

+action which drew my attention to you, you sat for half a minute with

+a vacant expression. Then your eyes fixed themselves upon your

+newly-framed picture of General Gordon, and I saw by the alteration in

+your face that a train of thought had been started. But it did not lead

+very far. Your eyes turned across to the unframed portrait of Henry Ward

+Beecher which stands upon the top of your books. You then glanced up at

+the wall, and of course your meaning was obvious. You were thinking

+that if the portrait were framed it would just cover that bare space and

+correspond with Gordon's picture over there."

+

+"You have followed me wonderfully!" I exclaimed.

+

+"So far I could hardly have gone astray. But now your thoughts went

+back to Beecher, and you looked hard across as if you were studying

+the character in his features. Then your eyes ceased to pucker, but

+you continued to look across, and your face was thoughtful. You were

+recalling the incidents of Beecher's career. I was well aware that you

+could not do this without thinking of the mission which he undertook

+on behalf of the North at the time of the Civil War, for I remember

+you expressing your passionate indignation at the way in which he was

+received by the more turbulent of our people. You felt so strongly about

+it that I knew you could not think of Beecher without thinking of that

+also. When a moment later I saw your eyes wander away from the picture,

+I suspected that your mind had now turned to the Civil War, and when

+I observed that your lips set, your eyes sparkled, and your hands

+clinched, I was positive that you were indeed thinking of the gallantry

+which was shown by both sides in that desperate struggle. But then,

+again, your face grew sadder; you shook your head. You were dwelling

+upon the sadness and horror and useless waste of life. Your hand stole

+towards your own old wound, and a smile quivered on your lips,

+which showed me that the ridiculous side of this method of settling

+international questions had forced itself upon your mind. At this point

+I agreed with you that it was preposterous, and was glad to find that

+all my deductions had been correct."

+

+"Absolutely!" said I. "And now that you have explained it, I confess

+that I am as amazed as before."

+

+"It was very superficial, my dear Watson, I assure you. I should not

+have intruded it upon your attention had you not shown some incredulity

+the other day. But the evening has brought a breeze with it. What do you

+say to a ramble through London?"

+

+I was weary of our little sitting-room and gladly acquiesced. For

+three hours we strolled about together, watching the ever-changing

+kaleidoscope of life as it ebbs and flows through Fleet Street and the

+Strand. His characteristic talk, with its keen observance of detail

+and subtle power of inference held me amused and enthralled. It was ten

+o'clock before we reached Baker Street again. A brougham was waiting at

+our door.

+

+"Hum! A doctor's--general practitioner, I perceive," said Holmes. "Not

+been long in practice, but has had a good deal to do. Come to consult

+us, I fancy! Lucky we came back!"

+

+I was sufficiently conversant with Holmes's methods to be able to follow

+his reasoning, and to see that the nature and state of the various

+medical instruments in the wicker basket which hung in the lamplight

+inside the brougham had given him the data for his swift deduction.

+The light in our window above showed that this late visit was indeed

+intended for us. With some curiosity as to what could have sent a

+brother medico to us at such an hour, I followed Holmes into our

+sanctum.

+

+A pale, taper-faced man with sandy whiskers rose up from a chair by the

+fire as we entered. His age may not have been more than three or four

+and thirty, but his haggard expression and unhealthy hue told of a life

+which has sapped his strength and robbed him of his youth. His manner

+was nervous and shy, like that of a sensitive gentleman, and the thin

+white hand which he laid on the mantelpiece as he rose was that of an

+artist rather than of a surgeon. His dress was quiet and sombre--a black

+frock-coat, dark trousers, and a touch of color about his necktie.

+

+"Good-evening, doctor," said Holmes, cheerily. "I am glad to see that

+you have only been waiting a very few minutes."

+

+"You spoke to my coachman, then?"

+

+"No, it was the candle on the side-table that told me. Pray resume your

+seat and let me know how I can serve you."

+

+"My name is Doctor Percy Trevelyan," said our visitor, "and I live at

+403 Brook Street."

+

+"Are you not the author of a monograph upon obscure nervous lesions?" I

+asked.

+

+His pale cheeks flushed with pleasure at hearing that his work was known

+to me.

+

+"I so seldom hear of the work that I thought it was quite dead," said

+he. "My publishers gave me a most discouraging account of its sale. You

+are yourself, I presume, a medical man?"

+

+"A retired army surgeon."

+

+"My own hobby has always been nervous disease. I should wish to make it

+an absolute specialty, but, of course, a man must take what he can get

+at first. This, however, is beside the question, Mr. Sherlock Holmes,

+and I quite appreciate how valuable your time is. The fact is that a

+very singular train of events has occurred recently at my house in Brook

+Street, and to-night they came to such a head that I felt it was quite

+impossible for me to wait another hour before asking for your advice and

+assistance."

+

+Sherlock Holmes sat down and lit his pipe. "You are very welcome

+to both," said he. "Pray let me have a detailed account of what the

+circumstances are which have disturbed you."

+

+"One or two of them are so trivial," said Dr. Trevelyan, "that really

+I am almost ashamed to mention them. But the matter is so inexplicable,

+and the recent turn which it has taken is so elaborate, that I shall

+lay it all before you, and you shall judge what is essential and what is

+not.

+

+"I am compelled, to begin with, to say something of my own college

+career. I am a London University man, you know, and I am sure that your

+will not think that I am unduly singing my own praises if I say that my

+student career was considered by my professors to be a very promising

+one. After I had graduated I continued to devote myself to research,

+occupying a minor position in King's College Hospital, and I was

+fortunate enough to excite considerable interest by my research into the

+pathology of catalepsy, and finally to win the Bruce Pinkerton prize and

+medal by the monograph on nervous lesions to which your friend has

+just alluded. I should not go too far if I were to say that there was a

+general impression at that time that a distinguished career lay before

+me.

+

+"But the one great stumbling-block lay in my want of capital. As you

+will readily understand, a specialist who aims high is compelled to

+start in one of a dozen streets in the Cavendish Square quarter, all

+of which entail enormous rents and furnishing expenses. Besides this

+preliminary outlay, he must be prepared to keep himself for some years,

+and to hire a presentable carriage and horse. To do this was quite

+beyond my power, and I could only hope that by economy I might in ten

+years' time save enough to enable me to put up my plate. Suddenly,

+however, an unexpected incident opened up quite a new prospect to me.

+

+"This was a visit from a gentleman of the name of Blessington, who was a

+complete stranger to me. He came up to my room one morning, and plunged

+into business in an instant.

+

+"'You are the same Percy Trevelyan who has had so distinguished a career

+and won a great prize lately?' said he.

+

+"I bowed.

+

+"'Answer me frankly,' he continued, 'for you will find it to your

+interest to do so. You have all the cleverness which makes a successful

+man. Have you the tact?'

+

+"I could not help smiling at the abruptness of the question.

+

+"'I trust that I have my share,' I said.

+

+"'Any bad habits? Not drawn towards drink, eh?'

+

+"'Really, sir!' I cried.

+

+"'Quite right! That's all right! But I was bound to ask. With all these

+qualities, why are you not in practice?'

+

+"I shrugged my shoulders.

+

+"'Come, come!' said he, in his bustling way. 'It's the old story. More

+in your brains than in your pocket, eh? What would you say if I were to

+start you in Brook Street?'

+

+"I stared at him in astonishment.

+

+"'Oh, it's for my sake, not for yours,' he cried. 'I'll be perfectly

+frank with you, and if it suits you it will suit me very well. I have a

+few thousands to invest, d'ye see, and I think I'll sink them in you.'

+

+"'But why?' I gasped.

+

+"'Well, it's just like any other speculation, and safer than most.'

+

+"'What am I to do, then?'

+

+"'I'll tell you. I'll take the house, furnish it, pay the maids, and run

+the whole place. All you have to do is just to wear out your chair in

+the consulting-room. I'll let you have pocket-money and everything. Then

+you hand over to me three quarters of what you earn, and you keep the

+other quarter for yourself.'

+

+"This was the strange proposal, Mr. Holmes, with which the man

+Blessington approached me. I won't weary you with the account of how

+we bargained and negotiated. It ended in my moving into the house next

+Lady-day, and starting in practice on very much the same conditions as

+he had suggested. He came himself to live with me in the character of a

+resident patient. His heart was weak, it appears, and he needed constant

+medical supervision. He turned the two best rooms of the first floor

+into a sitting-room and bedroom for himself. He was a man of singular

+habits, shunning company and very seldom going out. His life was

+irregular, but in one respect he was regularity itself. Every evening,

+at the same hour, he walked into the consulting-room, examined the

+books, put down five and three-pence for every guinea that I had earned,

+and carried the rest off to the strong-box in his own room.

+

+"I may say with confidence that he never had occasion to regret his

+speculation. From the first it was a success. A few good cases and the

+reputation which I had won in the hospital brought me rapidly to the

+front, and during the last few years I have made him a rich man.

+

+"So much, Mr. Holmes, for my past history and my relations with Mr.

+Blessington. It only remains for me now to tell you what has occurred to

+bring me here to-night.

+

+"Some weeks ago Mr. Blessington came down to me in, as it seemed to me,

+a state of considerable agitation. He spoke of some burglary which, he

+said, had been committed in the West End, and he appeared, I remember,

+to be quite unnecessarily excited about it, declaring that a day should

+not pass before we should add stronger bolts to our windows and doors.

+For a week he continued to be in a peculiar state of restlessness,

+peering continually out of the windows, and ceasing to take the short

+walk which had usually been the prelude to his dinner. From his manner

+it struck me that he was in mortal dread of something or somebody, but

+when I questioned him upon the point he became so offensive that I was

+compelled to drop the subject. Gradually, as time passed, his fears

+appeared to die away, and he had renewed his former habits, when a fresh

+event reduced him to the pitiable state of prostration in which he now

+lies.

+

+"What happened was this. Two days ago I received the letter which I now

+read to you. Neither address nor date is attached to it.

+

+"'A Russian nobleman who is now resident in England,' it runs, 'would

+be glad to avail himself of the professional assistance of Dr. Percy

+Trevelyan. He has been for some years a victim to cataleptic attacks, on

+which, as is well known, Dr. Trevelyan is an authority. He proposes to

+call at about quarter past six to-morrow evening, if Dr. Trevelyan will

+make it convenient to be at home.'

+

+"This letter interested me deeply, because the chief difficulty in the

+study of catalepsy is the rareness of the disease. You may believe,

+then, that I was in my consulting-room when, at the appointed hour, the

+page showed in the patient.

+

+"He was an elderly man, thin, demure, and commonplace--by no means the

+conception one forms of a Russian nobleman. I was much more struck by

+the appearance of his companion. This was a tall young man, surprisingly

+handsome, with a dark, fierce face, and the limbs and chest of a

+Hercules. He had his hand under the other's arm as they entered, and

+helped him to a chair with a tenderness which one would hardly have

+expected from his appearance.

+

+"'You will excuse my coming in, doctor,' said he to me, speaking English

+with a slight lisp. 'This is my father, and his health is a matter of

+the most overwhelming importance to me.'

+

+"I was touched by this filial anxiety. 'You would, perhaps, care to

+remain during the consultation?' said I.

+

+"'Not for the world,' he cried with a gesture of horror. 'It is more

+painful to me than I can express. If I were to see my father in one of

+these dreadful seizures I am convinced that I should never survive

+it. My own nervous system is an exceptionally sensitive one. With your

+permission, I will remain in the waiting-room while you go into my

+father's case.'

+

+"To this, of course, I assented, and the young man withdrew. The patient

+and I then plunged into a discussion of his case, of which I took

+exhaustive notes. He was not remarkable for intelligence, and his

+answers were frequently obscure, which I attributed to his limited

+acquaintance with our language. Suddenly, however, as I sat writing,

+he ceased to give any answer at all to my inquiries, and on my turning

+towards him I was shocked to see that he was sitting bolt upright in his

+chair, staring at me with a perfectly blank and rigid face. He was again

+in the grip of his mysterious malady.

+

+"My first feeling, as I have just said, was one of pity and horror.

+My second, I fear, was rather one of professional satisfaction. I made

+notes of my patient's pulse and temperature, tested the rigidity of his

+muscles, and examined his reflexes. There was nothing markedly abnormal

+in any of these conditions, which harmonized with my former experiences.

+I had obtained good results in such cases by the inhalation of nitrite

+of amyl, and the present seemed an admirable opportunity of testing

+its virtues. The bottle was downstairs in my laboratory, so leaving my

+patient seated in his chair, I ran down to get it. There was some little

+delay in finding it--five minutes, let us say--and then I returned.

+Imagine my amazement to find the room empty and the patient gone.

+

+"Of course, my first act was to run into the waiting-room. The son had

+gone also. The hall door had been closed, but not shut. My page who

+admits patients is a new boy and by no means quick. He waits downstairs,

+and runs up to show patients out when I ring the consulting-room bell.

+He had heard nothing, and the affair remained a complete mystery. Mr.

+Blessington came in from his walk shortly afterwards, but I did not say

+anything to him upon the subject, for, to tell the truth, I have got in

+the way of late of holding as little communication with him as possible.

+

+"Well, I never thought that I should see anything more of the Russian

+and his son, so you can imagine my amazement when, at the very same hour

+this evening, they both came marching into my consulting-room, just as

+they had done before.

+

+"'I feel that I owe you a great many apologies for my abrupt departure

+yesterday, doctor,' said my patient.

+

+"'I confess that I was very much surprised at it,' said I.

+

+"'Well, the fact is,' he remarked, 'that when I recover from these

+attacks my mind is always very clouded as to all that has gone before. I

+woke up in a strange room, as it seemed to me, and made my way out into

+the street in a sort of dazed way when you were absent.'

+

+"'And I,' said the son, 'seeing my father pass the door of the

+waiting-room, naturally thought that the consultation had come to an

+end. It was not until we had reached home that I began to realize the

+true state of affairs.'

+

+"'Well,' said I, laughing, 'there is no harm done except that you

+puzzled me terribly; so if you, sir, would kindly step into the

+waiting-room I shall be happy to continue our consultation which was

+brought to so abrupt an ending.'

+

+"'For half an hour or so I discussed that old gentleman's symptoms with

+him, and then, having prescribed for him, I saw him go off upon the arm

+of his son.

+

+"I have told you that Mr. Blessington generally chose this hour of the

+day for his exercise. He came in shortly afterwards and passed upstairs.

+An instant later I heard him running down, and he burst into my

+consulting-room like a man who is mad with panic.

+

+"'Who has been in my room?' he cried.

+

+"'No one,' said I.

+

+"'It's a lie! He yelled. 'Come up and look!'

+

+"I passed over the grossness of his language, as he seemed half out of

+his mind with fear. When I went upstairs with him he pointed to several

+footprints upon the light carpet.

+

+"'D'you mean to say those are mine?' he cried.

+

+"They were certainly very much larger than any which he could have made,

+and were evidently quite fresh. It rained hard this afternoon, as you

+know, and my patients were the only people who called. It must have been

+the case, then, that the man in the waiting-room had, for some unknown

+reason, while I was busy with the other, ascended to the room of my

+resident patient. Nothing had been touched or taken, but there were the

+footprints to prove that the intrusion was an undoubted fact.

+

+"Mr. Blessington seemed more excited over the matter than I should have

+thought possible, though of course it was enough to disturb anybody's

+peace of mind. He actually sat crying in an arm-chair, and I could

+hardly get him to speak coherently. It was his suggestion that I should

+come round to you, and of course I at once saw the propriety of it,

+for certainly the incident is a very singular one, though he appears to

+completely overrate its importance. If you would only come back with me

+in my brougham, you would at least be able to soothe him, though I

+can hardly hope that you will be able to explain this remarkable

+occurrence."

+

+Sherlock Holmes had listened to this long narrative with an intentness

+which showed me that his interest was keenly aroused. His face was as

+impassive as ever, but his lids had drooped more heavily over his eyes,

+and his smoke had curled up more thickly from his pipe to emphasize each

+curious episode in the doctor's tale. As our visitor concluded, Holmes

+sprang up without a word, handed me my hat, picked his own from the

+table, and followed Dr. Trevelyan to the door. Within a quarter of an

+hour we had been dropped at the door of the physician's residence

+in Brook Street, one of those sombre, flat-faced houses which one

+associates with a West-End practice. A small page admitted us, and we

+began at once to ascend the broad, well-carpeted stair.

+

+But a singular interruption brought us to a standstill. The light at

+the top was suddenly whisked out, and from the darkness came a reedy,

+quivering voice.

+

+"I have a pistol," it cried. "I give you my word that I'll fire if you

+come any nearer."

+

+"This really grows outrageous, Mr. Blessington," cried Dr. Trevelyan.

+

+"Oh, then it is you, doctor," said the voice, with a great heave of

+relief. "But those other gentlemen, are they what they pretend to be?"

+

+We were conscious of a long scrutiny out of the darkness.

+

+"Yes, yes, it's all right," said the voice at last. "You can come up,

+and I am sorry if my precautions have annoyed you."

+

+He relit the stair gas as he spoke, and we saw before us a

+singular-looking man, whose appearance, as well as his voice, testified

+to his jangled nerves. He was very fat, but had apparently at some time

+been much fatter, so that the skin hung about his face in loose pouches,

+like the cheeks of a blood-hound. He was of a sickly color, and his

+thin, sandy hair seemed to bristle up with the intensity of his emotion.

+In his hand he held a pistol, but he thrust it into his pocket as we

+advanced.

+

+"Good-evening, Mr. Holmes," said he. "I am sure I am very much obliged

+to you for coming round. No one ever needed your advice more than I do.

+I suppose that Dr. Trevelyan has told you of this most unwarrantable

+intrusion into my rooms."

+

+"Quite so," said Holmes. "Who are these two men Mr. Blessington, and why

+do they wish to molest you?"

+

+"Well, well," said the resident patient, in a nervous fashion, "of

+course it is hard to say that. You can hardly expect me to answer that,

+Mr. Holmes."

+

+"Do you mean that you don't know?"

+

+"Come in here, if you please. Just have the kindness to step in here."

+

+He led the way into his bedroom, which was large and comfortably

+furnished.

+

+"You see that," said he, pointing to a big black box at the end of his

+bed. "I have never been a very rich man, Mr. Holmes--never made but

+one investment in my life, as Dr. Trevelyan would tell you. But I don't

+believe in bankers. I would never trust a banker, Mr. Holmes. Between

+ourselves, what little I have is in that box, so you can understand what

+it means to me when unknown people force themselves into my rooms."

+

+Holmes looked at Blessington in his questioning way and shook his head.

+

+"I cannot possibly advise you if you try to deceive me," said he.

+

+"But I have told you everything."

+

+Holmes turned on his heel with a gesture of disgust. "Good-night, Dr.

+Trevelyan," said he.

+

+"And no advice for me?" cried Blessington, in a breaking voice.

+

+"My advice to you, sir, is to speak the truth."

+

+A minute later we were in the street and walking for home. We had

+crossed Oxford Street and were half way down Harley Street before I

+could get a word from my companion.

+

+"Sorry to bring you out on such a fool's errand, Watson," he said at

+last. "It is an interesting case, too, at the bottom of it."

+

+"I can make little of it," I confessed.

+

+"Well, it is quite evident that there are two men--more, perhaps, but

+at least two--who are determined for some reason to get at this fellow

+Blessington. I have no doubt in my mind that both on the first and on

+the second occasion that young man penetrated to Blessington's room,

+while his confederate, by an ingenious device, kept the doctor from

+interfering."

+

+"And the catalepsy?"

+

+"A fraudulent imitation, Watson, though I should hardly dare to hint as

+much to our specialist. It is a very easy complaint to imitate. I have

+done it myself."

+

+"And then?"

+

+"By the purest chance Blessington was out on each occasion. Their reason

+for choosing so unusual an hour for a consultation was obviously to

+insure that there should be no other patient in the waiting-room. It

+just happened, however, that this hour coincided with Blessington's

+constitutional, which seems to show that they were not very well

+acquainted with his daily routine. Of course, if they had been merely

+after plunder they would at least have made some attempt to search for

+it. Besides, I can read in a man's eye when it is his own skin that he

+is frightened for. It is inconceivable that this fellow could have made

+two such vindictive enemies as these appear to be without knowing of it.

+I hold it, therefore, to be certain that he does know who these men are,

+and that for reasons of his own he suppresses it. It is just possible

+that to-morrow may find him in a more communicative mood."

+

+"Is there not one alternative," I suggested, "grotesquely improbably,

+no doubt, but still just conceivable? Might the whole story of the

+cataleptic Russian and his son be a concoction of Dr. Trevelyan's, who

+has, for his own purposes, been in Blessington's rooms?"

+

+I saw in the gaslight that Holmes wore an amused smile at this brilliant

+departure of mine.

+

+"My dear fellow," said he, "it was one of the first solutions which

+occurred to me, but I was soon able to corroborate the doctor's tale.

+This young man has left prints upon the stair-carpet which made it quite

+superfluous for me to ask to see those which he had made in the room.

+When I tell you that his shoes were square-toed instead of being pointed

+like Blessington's, and were quite an inch and a third longer than the

+doctor's, you will acknowledge that there can be no doubt as to his

+individuality. But we may sleep on it now, for I shall be surprised if

+we do not hear something further from Brook Street in the morning."

+

+

+Sherlock Holmes's prophecy was soon fulfilled, and in a dramatic

+fashion. At half-past seven next morning, in the first glimmer of

+daylight, I found him standing by my bedside in his dressing-gown.

+

+"There's a brougham waiting for us, Watson," said he.

+

+"What's the matter, then?"

+

+"The Brook Street business."

+

+"Any fresh news?"

+

+"Tragic, but ambiguous," said he, pulling up the blind. "Look at this--a

+sheet from a note-book, with 'For God's sake come at once--P. T.,'

+scrawled upon it in pencil. Our friend, the doctor, was hard put to

+it when he wrote this. Come along, my dear fellow, for it's an urgent

+call."

+

+In a quarter of an hour or so we were back at the physician's house. He

+came running out to meet us with a face of horror.

+

+"Oh, such a business!" he cried, with his hands to his temples.

+

+"What then?"

+

+"Blessington has committed suicide!"

+

+Holmes whistled.

+

+"Yes, he hanged himself during the night."

+

+We had entered, and the doctor had preceded us into what was evidently

+his waiting-room.

+

+"I really hardly know what I am doing," he cried. "The police are

+already upstairs. It has shaken me most dreadfully."

+

+"When did you find it out?"

+

+"He has a cup of tea taken in to him early every morning. When the maid

+entered, about seven, there the unfortunate fellow was hanging in the

+middle of the room. He had tied his cord to the hook on which the heavy

+lamp used to hang, and he had jumped off from the top of the very box

+that he showed us yesterday."

+

+Holmes stood for a moment in deep thought.

+

+"With your permission," said he at last, "I should like to go upstairs

+and look into the matter."

+

+We both ascended, followed by the doctor.

+

+It was a dreadful sight which met us as we entered the bedroom door. I

+have spoken of the impression of flabbiness which this man Blessington

+conveyed. As he dangled from the hook it was exaggerated and intensified

+until he was scarce human in his appearance. The neck was drawn out

+like a plucked chicken's, making the rest of him seem the more obese and

+unnatural by the contrast. He was clad only in his long night-dress, and

+his swollen ankles and ungainly feet protruded starkly from beneath it.

+Beside him stood a smart-looking police-inspector, who was taking notes

+in a pocket-book.

+

+"Ah, Mr. Holmes," said he, heartily, as my friend entered, "I am

+delighted to see you."

+

+"Good-morning, Lanner," answered Holmes; "you won't think me an

+intruder, I am sure. Have you heard of the events which led up to this

+affair?"

+

+"Yes, I heard something of them."

+

+"Have you formed any opinion?"

+

+"As far as I can see, the man has been driven out of his senses by

+fright. The bed has been well slept in, you see. There's his impression

+deep enough. It's about five in the morning, you know, that suicides are

+most common. That would be about his time for hanging himself. It seems

+to have been a very deliberate affair."

+

+"I should say that he has been dead about three hours, judging by the

+rigidity of the muscles," said I.

+

+"Noticed anything peculiar about the room?" asked Holmes.

+

+"Found a screw-driver and some screws on the wash-hand stand. Seems to

+have smoked heavily during the night, too. Here are four cigar-ends that

+I picked out of the fireplace."

+

+"Hum!" said Holmes, "have you got his cigar-holder?"

+

+"No, I have seen none."

+

+"His cigar-case, then?"

+

+"Yes, it was in his coat-pocket."

+

+Holmes opened it and smelled the single cigar which it contained.

+

+"Oh, this is an Havana, and these others are cigars of the peculiar sort

+which are imported by the Dutch from their East Indian colonies. They

+are usually wrapped in straw, you know, and are thinner for their length

+than any other brand." He picked up the four ends and examined them with

+his pocket-lens.

+

+"Two of these have been smoked from a holder and two without," said he.

+"Two have been cut by a not very sharp knife, and two have had the ends

+bitten off by a set of excellent teeth. This is no suicide, Mr. Lanner.

+It is a very deeply planned and cold-blooded murder."

+

+"Impossible!" cried the inspector.

+

+"And why?"

+

+"Why should any one murder a man in so clumsy a fashion as by hanging

+him?"

+

+"That is what we have to find out."

+

+"How could they get in?"

+

+"Through the front door."

+

+"It was barred in the morning."

+

+"Then it was barred after them."

+

+"How do you know?"

+

+"I saw their traces. Excuse me a moment, and I may be able to give you

+some further information about it."

+

+He went over to the door, and turning the lock he examined it in his

+methodical way. Then he took out the key, which was on the inside, and

+inspected that also. The bed, the carpet, the chairs the mantelpiece,

+the dead body, and the rope were each in turn examined, until at last he

+professed himself satisfied, and with my aid and that of the inspector

+cut down the wretched object and laid it reverently under a sheet.

+

+"How about this rope?" he asked.

+

+"It is cut off this," said Dr. Trevelyan, drawing a large coil from

+under the bed. "He was morbidly nervous of fire, and always kept this

+beside him, so that he might escape by the window in case the stairs

+were burning."

+

+"That must have saved them trouble," said Holmes, thoughtfully. "Yes,

+the actual facts are very plain, and I shall be surprised if by the

+afternoon I cannot give you the reasons for them as well. I will take

+this photograph of Blessington, which I see upon the mantelpiece, as it

+may help me in my inquiries."

+

+"But you have told us nothing!" cried the doctor.

+

+"Oh, there can be no doubt as to the sequence of events," said Holmes.

+"There were three of them in it: the young man, the old man, and a

+third, to whose identity I have no clue. The first two, I need hardly

+remark, are the same who masqueraded as the Russian count and his son,

+so we can give a very full description of them. They were admitted by

+a confederate inside the house. If I might offer you a word of advice,

+Inspector, it would be to arrest the page, who, as I understand, has

+only recently come into your service, Doctor."

+

+"The young imp cannot be found," said Dr. Trevelyan; "the maid and the

+cook have just been searching for him."

+

+Holmes shrugged his shoulders.

+

+"He has played a not unimportant part in this drama," said he. "The

+three men having ascended the stairs, which they did on tiptoe, the

+elder man first, the younger man second, and the unknown man in the

+rear--"

+

+"My dear Holmes!" I ejaculated.

+

+"Oh, there could be no question as to the superimposing of the

+footmarks. I had the advantage of learning which was which last night.

+They ascended, then, to Mr. Blessington's room, the door of which they

+found to be locked. With the help of a wire, however, they forced round

+the key. Even without the lens you will perceive, by the scratches on

+this ward, where the pressure was applied.

+

+"On entering the room their first proceeding must have been to gag Mr.

+Blessington. He may have been asleep, or he may have been so paralyzed

+with terror as to have been unable to cry out. These walls are thick,

+and it is conceivable that his shriek, if he had time to utter one, was

+unheard.

+

+"Having secured him, it is evident to me that a consultation of some

+sort was held. Probably it was something in the nature of a judicial

+proceeding. It must have lasted for some time, for it was then that

+these cigars were smoked. The older man sat in that wicker chair; it

+was he who used the cigar-holder. The younger man sat over yonder; he

+knocked his ash off against the chest of drawers. The third fellow paced

+up and down. Blessington, I think, sat upright in the bed, but of that I

+cannot be absolutely certain.

+

+"Well, it ended by their taking Blessington and hanging him. The matter

+was so prearranged that it is my belief that they brought with them

+some sort of block or pulley which might serve as a gallows. That

+screw-driver and those screws were, as I conceive, for fixing it up.

+Seeing the hook, however they naturally saved themselves the trouble.

+Having finished their work they made off, and the door was barred behind

+them by their confederate."

+

+We had all listened with the deepest interest to this sketch of the

+night's doings, which Holmes had deduced from signs so subtle and minute

+that, even when he had pointed them out to us, we could scarcely follow

+him in his reasoning. The inspector hurried away on the instant to make

+inquiries about the page, while Holmes and I returned to Baker Street

+for breakfast.

+

+"I'll be back by three," said he, when we had finished our meal. "Both

+the inspector and the doctor will meet me here at that hour, and I hope

+by that time to have cleared up any little obscurity which the case may

+still present."

+

+

+Our visitors arrived at the appointed time, but it was a quarter to

+four before my friend put in an appearance. From his expression as he

+entered, however, I could see that all had gone well with him.

+

+"Any news, Inspector?"

+

+"We have got the boy, sir."

+

+"Excellent, and I have got the men."

+

+"You have got them!" we cried, all three.

+

+"Well, at least I have got their identity. This so-called Blessington

+is, as I expected, well known at headquarters, and so are his

+assailants. Their names are Biddle, Hayward, and Moffat."

+

+"The Worthingdon bank gang," cried the inspector.

+

+"Precisely," said Holmes.

+

+"Then Blessington must have been Sutton."

+

+"Exactly," said Holmes.

+

+"Why, that makes it as clear as crystal," said the inspector.

+

+But Trevelyan and I looked at each other in bewilderment.

+

+"You must surely remember the great Worthingdon bank business," said

+Holmes. "Five men were in it--these four and a fifth called Cartwright.

+Tobin, the care-taker, was murdered, and the thieves got away with seven

+thousand pounds. This was in 1875. They were all five arrested, but the

+evidence against them was by no means conclusive. This Blessington or

+Sutton, who was the worst of the gang, turned informer. On his evidence

+Cartwright was hanged and the other three got fifteen years apiece. When

+they got out the other day, which was some years before their full term,

+they set themselves, as you perceive, to hunt down the traitor and to

+avenge the death of their comrade upon him. Twice they tried to get at

+him and failed; a third time, you see, it came off. Is there anything

+further which I can explain, Dr. Trevelyan?"

+

+"I think you have made it all remarkable clear," said the doctor. "No

+doubt the day on which he was perturbed was the day when he had seen of

+their release in the newspapers."

+

+"Quite so. His talk about a burglary was the merest blind."

+

+"But why could he not tell you this?"

+

+"Well, my dear sir, knowing the vindictive character of his old

+associates, he was trying to hide his own identity from everybody as

+long as he could. His secret was a shameful one, and he could not bring

+himself to divulge it. However, wretch as he was, he was still living

+under the shield of British law, and I have no doubt, Inspector, that

+you will see that, though that shield may fail to guard, the sword of

+justice is still there to avenge."

+

+

+Such were the singular circumstances in connection with the Resident

+Patient and the Brook Street Doctor. From that night nothing has

+been seen of the three murderers by the police, and it is surmised

+at Scotland Yard that they were among the passengers of the ill-fated

+steamer Norah Creina, which was lost some years ago with all hands

+upon the Portuguese coast, some leagues to the north of Oporto. The

+proceedings against the page broke down for want of evidence, and the

+Brook Street Mystery, as it was called, has never until now been fully

+dealt with in any public print.

+

+

+

+

+Adventure IX. The Greek Interpreter

+

+

+During my long and intimate acquaintance with Mr. Sherlock Holmes I had

+never heard him refer to his relations, and hardly ever to his own early

+life. This reticence upon his part had increased the somewhat inhuman

+effect which he produced upon me, until sometimes I found myself

+regarding him as an isolated phenomenon, a brain without a heart, as

+deficient in human sympathy as he was pre-eminent in intelligence. His

+aversion to women and his disinclination to form new friendships were

+both typical of his unemotional character, but not more so than his

+complete suppression of every reference to his own people. I had come to

+believe that he was an orphan with no relatives living, but one day, to

+my very great surprise, he began to talk to me about his brother.

+

+It was after tea on a summer evening, and the conversation, which had

+roamed in a desultory, spasmodic fashion from golf clubs to the causes

+of the change in the obliquity of the ecliptic, came round at last

+to the question of atavism and hereditary aptitudes. The point under

+discussion was, how far any singular gift in an individual was due to

+his ancestry and how far to his own early training.

+

+"In your own case," said I, "from all that you have told me, it seems

+obvious that your faculty of observation and your peculiar facility for

+deduction are due to your own systematic training."

+

+"To some extent," he answered, thoughtfully. "My ancestors were country

+squires, who appear to have led much the same life as is natural to

+their class. But, none the less, my turn that way is in my veins, and

+may have come with my grandmother, who was the sister of Vernet, the

+French artist. Art in the blood is liable to take the strangest forms."

+

+"But how do you know that it is hereditary?"

+

+"Because my brother Mycroft possesses it in a larger degree than I do."

+

+This was news to me indeed. If there were another man with such singular

+powers in England, how was it that neither police nor public had heard

+of him? I put the question, with a hint that it was my companion's

+modesty which made him acknowledge his brother as his superior. Holmes

+laughed at my suggestion.

+

+"My dear Watson," said he, "I cannot agree with those who rank modesty

+among the virtues. To the logician all things should be seen exactly as

+they are, and to underestimate one's self is as much a departure from

+truth as to exaggerate one's own powers. When I say, therefore, that

+Mycroft has better powers of observation than I, you may take it that I

+am speaking the exact and literal truth."

+

+"Is he your junior?"

+

+"Seven years my senior."

+

+"How comes it that he is unknown?"

+

+"Oh, he is very well known in his own circle."

+

+"Where, then?"

+

+"Well, in the Diogenes Club, for example."

+

+I had never heard of the institution, and my face must have proclaimed

+as much, for Sherlock Holmes pulled out his watch.

+

+"The Diogenes Club is the queerest club in London, and Mycroft one of

+the queerest men. He's always there from quarter to five to twenty to

+eight. It's six now, so if you care for a stroll this beautiful evening

+I shall be very happy to introduce you to two curiosities."

+

+Five minutes later we were in the street, walking towards Regent's

+Circus.

+

+"You wonder," said my companion, "why it is that Mycroft does not use

+his powers for detective work. He is incapable of it."

+

+"But I thought you said--"

+

+"I said that he was my superior in observation and deduction. If the

+art of the detective began and ended in reasoning from an arm-chair, my

+brother would be the greatest criminal agent that ever lived. But he has

+no ambition and no energy. He will not even go out of his way to verify

+his own solutions, and would rather be considered wrong than take the

+trouble to prove himself right. Again and again I have taken a problem

+to him, and have received an explanation which has afterwards proved to

+be the correct one. And yet he was absolutely incapable of working out

+the practical points which must be gone into before a case could be laid

+before a judge or jury."

+

+"It is not his profession, then?"

+

+"By no means. What is to me a means of livelihood is to him the merest

+hobby of a dilettante. He has an extraordinary faculty for figures, and

+audits the books in some of the government departments. Mycroft lodges

+in Pall Mall, and he walks round the corner into Whitehall every morning

+and back every evening. From year's end to year's end he takes no other

+exercise, and is seen nowhere else, except only in the Diogenes Club,

+which is just opposite his rooms."

+

+"I cannot recall the name."

+

+"Very likely not. There are many men in London, you know, who, some from

+shyness, some from misanthropy, have no wish for the company of their

+fellows. Yet they are not averse to comfortable chairs and the latest

+periodicals. It is for the convenience of these that the Diogenes Club

+was started, and it now contains the most unsociable and unclubable men

+in town. No member is permitted to take the least notice of any

+other one. Save in the Stranger's Room, no talking is, under any

+circumstances, allowed, and three offences, if brought to the notice of

+the committee, render the talker liable to expulsion. My brother was one

+of the founders, and I have myself found it a very soothing atmosphere."

+

+We had reached Pall Mall as we talked, and were walking down it from the

+St. James's end. Sherlock Holmes stopped at a door some little distance

+from the Carlton, and, cautioning me not to speak, he led the way into

+the hall. Through the glass paneling I caught a glimpse of a large and

+luxurious room, in which a considerable number of men were sitting about

+and reading papers, each in his own little nook. Holmes showed me into a

+small chamber which looked out into Pall Mall, and then, leaving me for

+a minute, he came back with a companion whom I knew could only be his

+brother.

+

+Mycroft Holmes was a much larger and stouter man than Sherlock. His body

+was absolutely corpulent, but his face, though massive, had preserved

+something of the sharpness of expression which was so remarkable in that

+of his brother. His eyes, which were of a peculiarly light, watery gray,

+seemed to always retain that far-away, introspective look which I had

+only observed in Sherlock's when he was exerting his full powers.

+

+"I am glad to meet you, sir," said he, putting out a broad, fat hand

+like the flipper of a seal. "I hear of Sherlock everywhere since you

+became his chronicler. By the way, Sherlock, I expected to see you round

+last week, to consult me over that Manor House case. I thought you might

+be a little out of your depth."

+

+"No, I solved it," said my friend, smiling.

+

+"It was Adams, of course."

+

+"Yes, it was Adams."

+

+"I was sure of it from the first." The two sat down together in the

+bow-window of the club. "To any one who wishes to study mankind this is

+the spot," said Mycroft. "Look at the magnificent types! Look at these

+two men who are coming towards us, for example."

+

+"The billiard-marker and the other?"

+

+"Precisely. What do you make of the other?"

+

+The two men had stopped opposite the window. Some chalk marks over the

+waistcoat pocket were the only signs of billiards which I could see

+in one of them. The other was a very small, dark fellow, with his hat

+pushed back and several packages under his arm.

+

+"An old soldier, I perceive," said Sherlock.

+

+"And very recently discharged," remarked the brother.

+

+"Served in India, I see."

+

+"And a non-commissioned officer."

+

+"Royal Artillery, I fancy," said Sherlock.

+

+"And a widower."

+

+"But with a child."

+

+"Children, my dear boy, children."

+

+"Come," said I, laughing, "this is a little too much."

+

+"Surely," answered Holmes, "it is not hard to say that a man with that

+bearing, expression of authority, and sunbaked skin, is a soldier, is

+more than a private, and is not long from India."

+

+"That he has not left the service long is shown by his still wearing his

+ammunition boots, as they are called," observed Mycroft.

+

+"He had not the cavalry stride, yet he wore his hat on one side, as

+is shown by the lighter skin of that side of his brow. His weight is

+against his being a sapper. He is in the artillery."

+

+"Then, of course, his complete mourning shows that he has lost some one

+very dear. The fact that he is doing his own shopping looks as though

+it were his wife. He has been buying things for children, you perceive.

+There is a rattle, which shows that one of them is very young. The wife

+probably died in childbed. The fact that he has a picture-book under his

+arm shows that there is another child to be thought of."

+

+I began to understand what my friend meant when he said that his brother

+possessed even keener faculties that he did himself. He glanced across

+at me and smiled. Mycroft took snuff from a tortoise-shell box, and

+brushed away the wandering grains from his coat front with a large, red

+silk handkerchief.

+

+"By the way, Sherlock," said he, "I have had something quite after your

+own heart--a most singular problem--submitted to my judgment. I really

+had not the energy to follow it up save in a very incomplete fashion,

+but it gave me a basis for some pleasing speculation. If you would care

+to hear the facts--"

+

+"My dear Mycroft, I should be delighted."

+

+The brother scribbled a note upon a leaf of his pocket-book, and,

+ringing the bell, he handed it to the waiter.

+

+"I have asked Mr. Melas to step across," said he. "He lodges on the

+floor above me, and I have some slight acquaintance with him, which led

+him to come to me in his perplexity. Mr. Melas is a Greek by extraction,

+as I understand, and he is a remarkable linguist. He earns his living

+partly as interpreter in the law courts and partly by acting as guide to

+any wealthy Orientals who may visit the Northumberland Avenue hotels. I

+think I will leave him to tell his very remarkable experience in his own

+fashion."

+

+A few minutes later we were joined by a short, stout man whose olive

+face and coal-black hair proclaimed his Southern origin, though his

+speech was that of an educated Englishman. He shook hands eagerly

+with Sherlock Holmes, and his dark eyes sparkled with pleasure when he

+understood that the specialist was anxious to hear his story.

+

+"I do not believe that the police credit me--on my word, I do not," said

+he in a wailing voice. "Just because they have never heard of it before,

+they think that such a thing cannot be. But I know that I shall never

+be easy in my mind until I know what has become of my poor man with the

+sticking-plaster upon his face."

+

+"I am all attention," said Sherlock Holmes.

+

+"This is Wednesday evening," said Mr. Melas. "Well then, it was Monday

+night--only two days ago, you understand--that all this happened. I am

+an interpreter, as perhaps my neighbor there has told you. I interpret

+all languages--or nearly all--but as I am a Greek by birth and with a

+Grecian name, it is with that particular tongue that I am principally

+associated. For many years I have been the chief Greek interpreter in

+London, and my name is very well known in the hotels.

+

+"It happens not unfrequently that I am sent for at strange hours by

+foreigners who get into difficulties, or by travelers who arrive late

+and wish my services. I was not surprised, therefore, on Monday night

+when a Mr. Latimer, a very fashionably dressed young man, came up to my

+rooms and asked me to accompany him in a cab which was waiting at the

+door. A Greek friend had come to see him upon business, he said, and

+as he could speak nothing but his own tongue, the services of an

+interpreter were indispensable. He gave me to understand that his house

+was some little distance off, in Kensington, and he seemed to be in a

+great hurry, bustling me rapidly into the cab when we had descended to

+the street.

+

+"I say into the cab, but I soon became doubtful as to whether it was not

+a carriage in which I found myself. It was certainly more roomy than

+the ordinary four-wheeled disgrace to London, and the fittings, though

+frayed, were of rich quality. Mr. Latimer seated himself opposite to me

+and we started off through Charing Cross and up the Shaftesbury Avenue.

+We had come out upon Oxford Street and I had ventured some remark as to

+this being a roundabout way to Kensington, when my words were arrested

+by the extraordinary conduct of my companion.

+

+"He began by drawing a most formidable-looking bludgeon loaded with lead

+from his pocket, and switching it backward and forward several times,

+as if to test its weight and strength. Then he placed it without a word

+upon the seat beside him. Having done this, he drew up the windows on

+each side, and I found to my astonishment that they were covered with

+paper so as to prevent my seeing through them.

+

+"'I am sorry to cut off your view, Mr. Melas,' said he. 'The fact is

+that I have no intention that you should see what the place is to which

+we are driving. It might possibly be inconvenient to me if you could

+find your way there again.'

+

+"As you can imagine, I was utterly taken aback by such an address. My

+companion was a powerful, broad-shouldered young fellow, and, apart from

+the weapon, I should not have had the slightest chance in a struggle

+with him.

+

+"'This is very extraordinary conduct, Mr. Latimer,' I stammered. 'You

+must be aware that what you are doing is quite illegal.'

+

+"'It is somewhat of a liberty, no doubt,' said he, 'but we'll make it

+up to you. I must warn you, however, Mr. Melas, that if at any time

+to-night you attempt to raise an alarm or do anything which is against

+my interests, you will find it a very serious thing. I beg you to

+remember that no one knows where you are, and that, whether you are in

+this carriage or in my house, you are equally in my power.'

+

+"His words were quiet, but he had a rasping way of saying them which

+was very menacing. I sat in silence wondering what on earth could be

+his reason for kidnapping me in this extraordinary fashion. Whatever it

+might be, it was perfectly clear that there was no possible use in my

+resisting, and that I could only wait to see what might befall.

+

+"For nearly two hours we drove without my having the least clue as to

+where we were going. Sometimes the rattle of the stones told of a paved

+causeway, and at others our smooth, silent course suggested asphalt;

+but, save by this variation in sound, there was nothing at all which

+could in the remotest way help me to form a guess as to where we were.

+The paper over each window was impenetrable to light, and a blue curtain

+was drawn across the glass work in front. It was a quarter-past seven

+when we left Pall Mall, and my watch showed me that it was ten minutes

+to nine when we at last came to a standstill. My companion let down

+the window, and I caught a glimpse of a low, arched doorway with a lamp

+burning above it. As I was hurried from the carriage it swung open, and

+I found myself inside the house, with a vague impression of a lawn

+and trees on each side of me as I entered. Whether these were private

+grounds, however, or bona-fide country was more than I could possibly

+venture to say.

+

+"There was a colored gas-lamp inside which was turned so low that I

+could see little save that the hall was of some size and hung with

+pictures. In the dim light I could make out that the person who had

+opened the door was a small, mean-looking, middle-aged man with rounded

+shoulders. As he turned towards us the glint of the light showed me that

+he was wearing glasses.

+

+"'Is this Mr. Melas, Harold?' said he.

+

+"'Yes.'

+

+"'Well done, well done! No ill-will, Mr. Melas, I hope, but we could not

+get on without you. If you deal fair with us you'll not regret it,

+but if you try any tricks, God help you!' He spoke in a nervous, jerky

+fashion, and with little giggling laughs in between, but somehow he

+impressed me with fear more than the other.

+

+"'What do you want with me?' I asked.

+

+"'Only to ask a few questions of a Greek gentleman who is visiting us,

+and to let us have the answers. But say no more than you are told to

+say, or--' here came the nervous giggle again--'you had better never

+have been born.'

+

+"As he spoke he opened a door and showed the way into a room which

+appeared to be very richly furnished, but again the only light was

+afforded by a single lamp half-turned down. The chamber was certainly

+large, and the way in which my feet sank into the carpet as I stepped

+across it told me of its richness. I caught glimpses of velvet chairs, a

+high white marble mantel-piece, and what seemed to be a suit of Japanese

+armor at one side of it. There was a chair just under the lamp, and the

+elderly man motioned that I should sit in it. The younger had left

+us, but he suddenly returned through another door, leading with him

+a gentleman clad in some sort of loose dressing-gown who moved slowly

+towards us. As he came into the circle of dim light which enables me to

+see him more clearly I was thrilled with horror at his appearance. He

+was deadly pale and terribly emaciated, with the protruding, brilliant

+eyes of a man whose spirit was greater than his strength. But what

+shocked me more than any signs of physical weakness was that his face

+was grotesquely criss-crossed with sticking-plaster, and that one large

+pad of it was fastened over his mouth.

+

+"'Have you the slate, Harold?' cried the older man, as this strange

+being fell rather than sat down into a chair. 'Are his hands loose? Now,

+then, give him the pencil. You are to ask the questions, Mr. Melas, and

+he will write the answers. Ask him first of all whether he is prepared

+to sign the papers?'

+

+"The man's eyes flashed fire.

+

+"'Never!' he wrote in Greek upon the slate.

+

+"'On no condition?' I asked, at the bidding of our tyrant.

+

+"'Only if I see her married in my presence by a Greek priest whom I

+know.'

+

+"The man giggled in his venomous way.

+

+"'You know what awaits you, then?'

+

+"'I care nothing for myself.'

+

+"These are samples of the questions and answers which made up our

+strange half-spoken, half-written conversation. Again and again I had to

+ask him whether he would give in and sign the documents. Again and again

+I had the same indignant reply. But soon a happy thought came to me. I

+took to adding on little sentences of my own to each question, innocent

+ones at first, to test whether either of our companions knew anything

+of the matter, and then, as I found that they showed no signs I played a

+more dangerous game. Our conversation ran something like this:

+

+"'You can do no good by this obstinacy. Who are you?'

+

+"'I care not. I am a stranger in London.'

+

+"'Your fate will be upon your own head. How long have you been here?'

+

+"'Let it be so. Three weeks.'

+

+"'The property can never be yours. What ails you?'

+

+"'It shall not go to villains. They are starving me.'

+

+"'You shall go free if you sign. What house is this?'

+

+"'I will never sign. I do not know.'

+

+"'You are not doing her any service. What is your name?'

+

+"'Let me hear her say so. Kratides.'

+

+"'You shall see her if you sign. Where are you from?'

+

+"'Then I shall never see her. Athens.'

+

+"Another five minutes, Mr. Holmes, and I should have wormed out the

+whole story under their very noses. My very next question might have

+cleared the matter up, but at that instant the door opened and a woman

+stepped into the room. I could not see her clearly enough to know more

+than that she was tall and graceful, with black hair, and clad in some

+sort of loose white gown.

+

+"'Harold,' said she, speaking English with a broken accent. 'I could not

+stay away longer. It is so lonely up there with only--Oh, my God, it is

+Paul!'

+

+"These last words were in Greek, and at the same instant the man with

+a convulsive effort tore the plaster from his lips, and screaming out

+'Sophy! Sophy!' rushed into the woman's arms. Their embrace was but for

+an instant, however, for the younger man seized the woman and pushed

+her out of the room, while the elder easily overpowered his emaciated

+victim, and dragged him away through the other door. For a moment I was

+left alone in the room, and I sprang to my feet with some vague idea

+that I might in some way get a clue to what this house was in which I

+found myself. Fortunately, however, I took no steps, for looking up I

+saw that the older man was standing in the door-way with his eyes fixed

+upon me.

+

+"'That will do, Mr. Melas,' said he. 'You perceive that we have taken

+you into our confidence over some very private business. We should not

+have troubled you, only that our friend who speaks Greek and who began

+these negotiations has been forced to return to the East. It was

+quite necessary for us to find some one to take his place, and we were

+fortunate in hearing of your powers.'

+

+"I bowed.

+

+"'There are five sovereigns here,' said he, walking up to me, 'which

+will, I hope, be a sufficient fee. But remember,' he added, tapping me

+lightly on the chest and giggling, 'if you speak to a human soul about

+this--one human soul, mind--well, may God have mercy upon your soul!"

+

+"I cannot tell you the loathing and horror with which this

+insignificant-looking man inspired me. I could see him better now as the

+lamp-light shone upon him. His features were peaky and sallow, and his

+little pointed beard was thready and ill-nourished. He pushed his face

+forward as he spoke and his lips and eyelids were continually twitching

+like a man with St. Vitus's dance. I could not help thinking that his

+strange, catchy little laugh was also a symptom of some nervous malady.

+The terror of his face lay in his eyes, however, steel gray, and

+glistening coldly with a malignant, inexorable cruelty in their depths.

+

+"'We shall know if you speak of this,' said he. 'We have our own means

+of information. Now you will find the carriage waiting, and my friend

+will see you on your way.'

+

+"I was hurried through the hall and into the vehicle, again obtaining

+that momentary glimpse of trees and a garden. Mr. Latimer followed

+closely at my heels, and took his place opposite to me without a word.

+In silence we again drove for an interminable distance with the windows

+raised, until at last, just after midnight, the carriage pulled up.

+

+"'You will get down here, Mr. Melas,' said my companion. 'I am sorry

+to leave you so far from your house, but there is no alternative. Any

+attempt upon your part to follow the carriage can only end in injury to

+yourself.'

+

+"He opened the door as he spoke, and I had hardly time to spring out

+when the coachman lashed the horse and the carriage rattled away. I

+looked around me in astonishment. I was on some sort of a heathy common

+mottled over with dark clumps of furze-bushes. Far away stretched a

+line of houses, with a light here and there in the upper windows. On the

+other side I saw the red signal-lamps of a railway.

+

+"The carriage which had brought me was already out of sight. I stood

+gazing round and wondering where on earth I might be, when I saw some

+one coming towards me in the darkness. As he came up to me I made out

+that he was a railway porter.

+

+"'Can you tell me what place this is?' I asked.

+

+"'Wandsworth Common,' said he.

+

+"'Can I get a train into town?'

+

+"'If you walk on a mile or so to Clapham Junction,' said he, 'you'll

+just be in time for the last to Victoria.'

+

+"So that was the end of my adventure, Mr. Holmes. I do not know where I

+was, nor whom I spoke with, nor anything save what I have told you. But

+I know that there is foul play going on, and I want to help that unhappy

+man if I can. I told the whole story to Mr. Mycroft Holmes next morning,

+and subsequently to the police."

+

+We all sat in silence for some little time after listening to this

+extraordinary narrative. Then Sherlock looked across at his brother.

+

+"Any steps?" he asked.

+

+Mycroft picked up the Daily News, which was lying on the side-table.

+

+"'Anybody supplying any information to the whereabouts of a Greek

+gentleman named Paul Kratides, from Athens, who is unable to speak

+English, will be rewarded. A similar reward paid to any one giving

+information about a Greek lady whose first name is Sophy. X 2473.' That

+was in all the dailies. No answer."

+

+"How about the Greek Legation?"

+

+"I have inquired. They know nothing."

+

+"A wire to the head of the Athens police, then?"

+

+"Sherlock has all the energy of the family," said Mycroft, turning to

+me. "Well, you take the case up by all means, and let me know if you do

+any good."

+

+"Certainly," answered my friend, rising from his chair. "I'll let you

+know, and Mr. Melas also. In the meantime, Mr. Melas, I should certainly

+be on my guard, if I were you, for of course they must know through

+these advertisements that you have betrayed them."

+

+As we walked home together, Holmes stopped at a telegraph office and

+sent off several wires.

+

+"You see, Watson," he remarked, "our evening has been by no means

+wasted. Some of my most interesting cases have come to me in this way

+through Mycroft. The problem which we have just listened to, although

+it can admit of but one explanation, has still some distinguishing

+features."

+

+"You have hopes of solving it?"

+

+"Well, knowing as much as we do, it will be singular indeed if we fail

+to discover the rest. You must yourself have formed some theory which

+will explain the facts to which we have listened."

+

+"In a vague way, yes."

+

+"What was your idea, then?"

+

+"It seemed to me to be obvious that this Greek girl had been carried off

+by the young Englishman named Harold Latimer."

+

+"Carried off from where?"

+

+"Athens, perhaps."

+

+Sherlock Holmes shook his head. "This young man could not talk a word of

+Greek. The lady could talk English fairly well. Inference--that she had

+been in England some little time, but he had not been in Greece."

+

+"Well, then, we will presume that she had come on a visit to England,

+and that this Harold had persuaded her to fly with him."

+

+"That is more probable."

+

+"Then the brother--for that, I fancy, must be the relationship--comes

+over from Greece to interfere. He imprudently puts himself into the

+power of the young man and his older associate. They seize him and use

+violence towards him in order to make him sign some papers to make over

+the girl's fortune--of which he may be trustee--to them. This he refuses

+to do. In order to negotiate with him they have to get an interpreter,

+and they pitch upon this Mr. Melas, having used some other one before.

+The girl is not told of the arrival of her brother, and finds it out by

+the merest accident."

+

+"Excellent, Watson!" cried Holmes. "I really fancy that you are not far

+from the truth. You see that we hold all the cards, and we have only to

+fear some sudden act of violence on their part. If they give us time we

+must have them."

+

+"But how can we find where this house lies?"

+

+"Well, if our conjecture is correct and the girl's name is or was Sophy

+Kratides, we should have no difficulty in tracing her. That must be our

+main hope, for the brother is, of course, a complete stranger. It is

+clear that some time has elapsed since this Harold established these

+relations with the girl--some weeks, at any rate--since the brother in

+Greece has had time to hear of it and come across. If they have been

+living in the same place during this time, it is probable that we shall

+have some answer to Mycroft's advertisement."

+

+We had reached our house in Baker Street while we had been talking.

+Holmes ascended the stair first, and as he opened the door of our room

+he gave a start of surprise. Looking over his shoulder, I was equally

+astonished. His brother Mycroft was sitting smoking in the arm-chair.

+

+"Come in, Sherlock! Come in, sir," said he blandly, smiling at our

+surprised faces. "You don't expect such energy from me, do you,

+Sherlock? But somehow this case attracts me."

+

+"How did you get here?"

+

+"I passed you in a hansom."

+

+"There has been some new development?"

+

+"I had an answer to my advertisement."

+

+"Ah!"

+

+"Yes, it came within a few minutes of your leaving."

+

+"And to what effect?"

+

+Mycroft Holmes took out a sheet of paper.

+

+"Here it is," said he, "written with a J pen on royal cream paper by a

+middle-aged man with a weak constitution. 'Sir,' he says, 'in answer to

+your advertisement of to-day's date, I beg to inform you that I know the

+young lady in question very well. If you should care to call upon me I

+could give you some particulars as to her painful history. She is living

+at present at The Myrtles, Beckenham. Yours faithfully, J. Davenport.'

+

+"He writes from Lower Brixton," said Mycroft Holmes. "Do you not think

+that we might drive to him now, Sherlock, and learn these particulars?"

+

+"My dear Mycroft, the brother's life is more valuable than the sister's

+story. I think we should call at Scotland Yard for Inspector Gregson,

+and go straight out to Beckenham. We know that a man is being done to

+death, and every hour may be vital."

+

+"Better pick up Mr. Melas on our way," I suggested. "We may need an

+interpreter."

+

+"Excellent," said Sherlock Holmes. "Send the boy for a four-wheeler, and

+we shall be off at once." He opened the table-drawer as he spoke, and I

+noticed that he slipped his revolver into his pocket. "Yes," said he, in

+answer to my glance; "I should say from what we have heard, that we are

+dealing with a particularly dangerous gang."

+

+It was almost dark before we found ourselves in Pall Mall, at the rooms

+of Mr. Melas. A gentleman had just called for him, and he was gone.

+

+"Can you tell me where?" asked Mycroft Holmes.

+

+"I don't know, sir," answered the woman who had opened the door; "I only

+know that he drove away with the gentleman in a carriage."

+

+"Did the gentleman give a name?"

+

+"No, sir."

+

+"He wasn't a tall, handsome, dark young man?"

+

+"Oh, no, sir. He was a little gentleman, with glasses, thin in the face,

+but very pleasant in his ways, for he was laughing all the time that he

+was talking."

+

+"Come along!" cried Sherlock Holmes, abruptly. "This grows serious,"

+he observed, as we drove to Scotland Yard. "These men have got hold of

+Melas again. He is a man of no physical courage, as they are well

+aware from their experience the other night. This villain was able to

+terrorize him the instant that he got into his presence. No doubt

+they want his professional services, but, having used him, they may be

+inclined to punish him for what they will regard as his treachery."

+

+Our hope was that, by taking train, we might get to Beckenham as soon

+or sooner than the carriage. On reaching Scotland Yard, however, it was

+more than an hour before we could get Inspector Gregson and comply with

+the legal formalities which would enable us to enter the house. It was a

+quarter to ten before we reached London Bridge, and half past before the

+four of us alighted on the Beckenham platform. A drive of half a mile

+brought us to The Myrtles--a large, dark house standing back from the

+road in its own grounds. Here we dismissed our cab, and made our way up

+the drive together.

+

+"The windows are all dark," remarked the inspector. "The house seems

+deserted."

+

+"Our birds are flown and the nest empty," said Holmes.

+

+"Why do you say so?"

+

+"A carriage heavily loaded with luggage has passed out during the last

+hour."

+

+The inspector laughed. "I saw the wheel-tracks in the light of the

+gate-lamp, but where does the luggage come in?"

+

+"You may have observed the same wheel-tracks going the other way. But

+the outward-bound ones were very much deeper--so much so that we can

+say for a certainty that there was a very considerable weight on the

+carriage."

+

+"You get a trifle beyond me there," said the inspector, shrugging his

+shoulder. "It will not be an easy door to force, but we will try if we

+cannot make some one hear us."

+

+He hammered loudly at the knocker and pulled at the bell, but without

+any success. Holmes had slipped away, but he came back in a few minutes.

+

+"I have a window open," said he.

+

+"It is a mercy that you are on the side of the force, and not against

+it, Mr. Holmes," remarked the inspector, as he noted the clever way in

+which my friend had forced back the catch. "Well, I think that under the

+circumstances we may enter without an invitation."

+

+One after the other we made our way into a large apartment, which was

+evidently that in which Mr. Melas had found himself. The inspector

+had lit his lantern, and by its light we could see the two doors, the

+curtain, the lamp, and the suit of Japanese mail as he had described

+them. On the table lay two glasses, and empty brandy-bottle, and the

+remains of a meal.

+

+"What is that?" asked Holmes, suddenly.

+

+We all stood still and listened. A low moaning sound was coming from

+somewhere over our heads. Holmes rushed to the door and out into the

+hall. The dismal noise came from upstairs. He dashed up, the inspector

+and I at his heels, while his brother Mycroft followed as quickly as his

+great bulk would permit.

+

+Three doors faced up upon the second floor, and it was from the central

+of these that the sinister sounds were issuing, sinking sometimes into a

+dull mumble and rising again into a shrill whine. It was locked, but the

+key had been left on the outside. Holmes flung open the door and rushed

+in, but he was out again in an instant, with his hand to his throat.

+

+"It's charcoal," he cried. "Give it time. It will clear."

+

+Peering in, we could see that the only light in the room came from a

+dull blue flame which flickered from a small brass tripod in the centre.

+It threw a livid, unnatural circle upon the floor, while in the shadows

+beyond we saw the vague loom of two figures which crouched against the

+wall. From the open door there reeked a horrible poisonous exhalation

+which set us gasping and coughing. Holmes rushed to the top of the

+stairs to draw in the fresh air, and then, dashing into the room, he

+threw up the window and hurled the brazen tripod out into the garden.

+

+"We can enter in a minute," he gasped, darting out again. "Where is a

+candle? I doubt if we could strike a match in that atmosphere. Hold the

+light at the door and we shall get them out, Mycroft, now!"

+

+With a rush we got to the poisoned men and dragged them out into the

+well-lit hall. Both of them were blue-lipped and insensible, with

+swollen, congested faces and protruding eyes. Indeed, so distorted were

+their features that, save for his black beard and stout figure, we might

+have failed to recognize in one of them the Greek interpreter who had

+parted from us only a few hours before at the Diogenes Club. His hands

+and feet were securely strapped together, and he bore over one eye

+the marks of a violent blow. The other, who was secured in a similar

+fashion, was a tall man in the last stage of emaciation, with several

+strips of sticking-plaster arranged in a grotesque pattern over his

+face. He had ceased to moan as we laid him down, and a glance showed

+me that for him at least our aid had come too late. Mr. Melas, however,

+still lived, and in less than an hour, with the aid of ammonia and

+brandy I had the satisfaction of seeing him open his eyes, and of

+knowing that my hand had drawn him back from that dark valley in which

+all paths meet.

+

+It was a simple story which he had to tell, and one which did but

+confirm our own deductions. His visitor, on entering his rooms, had

+drawn a life-preserver from his sleeve, and had so impressed him with

+the fear of instant and inevitable death that he had kidnapped him for

+the second time. Indeed, it was almost mesmeric, the effect which this

+giggling ruffian had produced upon the unfortunate linguist, for he

+could not speak of him save with trembling hands and a blanched cheek.

+He had been taken swiftly to Beckenham, and had acted as interpreter in

+a second interview, even more dramatic than the first, in which the two

+Englishmen had menaced their prisoner with instant death if he did not

+comply with their demands. Finally, finding him proof against every

+threat, they had hurled him back into his prison, and after

+reproaching Melas with his treachery, which appeared from the newspaper

+advertisement, they had stunned him with a blow from a stick, and he

+remembered nothing more until he found us bending over him.

+

+And this was the singular case of the Grecian Interpreter, the

+explanation of which is still involved in some mystery. We were able

+to find out, by communicating with the gentleman who had answered the

+advertisement, that the unfortunate young lady came of a wealthy Grecian

+family, and that she had been on a visit to some friends in England.

+While there she had met a young man named Harold Latimer, who had

+acquired an ascendancy over he and had eventually persuaded her to fly

+with him. Her friends, shocked at the event, had contented themselves

+with informing her brother at Athens, and had then washed their hands

+of the matter. The brother, on his arrival in England, had imprudently

+placed himself in the power of Latimer and of his associate, whose name

+was Wilson Kemp--a man of the foulest antecedents. These two, finding

+that through his ignorance of the language he was helpless in their

+hands, had kept him a prisoner, and had endeavored by cruelty and

+starvation to make him sign away his own and his sister's property. They

+had kept him in the house without the girl's knowledge, and the plaster

+over the face had been for the purpose of making recognition difficult

+in case she should ever catch a glimpse of him. Her feminine perception,

+however, had instantly seen through the disguise when, on the occasion

+of the interpreter's visit, she had seen him for the first time. The

+poor girl, however, was herself a prisoner, for there was no one about

+the house except the man who acted as coachman, and his wife, both of

+whom were tools of the conspirators. Finding that their secret was out,

+and that their prisoner was not to be coerced, the two villains with the

+girl had fled away at a few hours' notice from the furnished house which

+they had hired, having first, as they thought, taken vengeance both upon

+the man who had defied and the one who had betrayed them.

+

+Months afterwards a curious newspaper cutting reached us from

+Buda-Pesth. It told how two Englishmen who had been traveling with a

+woman had met with a tragic end. They had each been stabbed, it seems,

+and the Hungarian police were of opinion that they had quarreled and had

+inflicted mortal injuries upon each other. Holmes, however, is, I fancy,

+of a different way of thinking, and holds to this day that, if one could

+find the Grecian girl, one might learn how the wrongs of herself and her

+brother came to be avenged.

+

+

+

+

+Adventure X. The Naval Treaty

+

+

+The July which immediately succeeded my marriage was made memorable

+by three cases of interest, in which I had the privilege of being

+associated with Sherlock Holmes and of studying his methods. I find them

+recorded in my notes under the headings of "The Adventure of the Second

+Stain," "The Adventure of the Naval Treaty," and "The Adventure of the

+Tired Captain." The first of these, however, deals with interest of such

+importance and implicates so many of the first families in the kingdom

+that for many years it will be impossible to make it public. No case,

+however, in which Holmes was engaged has ever illustrated the value

+of his analytical methods so clearly or has impressed those who were

+associated with him so deeply. I still retain an almost verbatim report

+of the interview in which he demonstrated the true facts of the case

+to Monsieur Dubugue of the Paris police, and Fritz von Waldbaum, the

+well-known specialist of Dantzig, both of whom had wasted their energies

+upon what proved to be side-issues. The new century will have come,

+however, before the story can be safely told. Meanwhile I pass on to

+the second on my list, which promised also at one time to be of national

+importance, and was marked by several incidents which give it a quite

+unique character.

+

+During my school-days I had been intimately associated with a lad named

+Percy Phelps, who was of much the same age as myself, though he was two

+classes ahead of me. He was a very brilliant boy, and carried away every

+prize which the school had to offer, finished his exploits by winning

+a scholarship which sent him on to continue his triumphant career at

+Cambridge. He was, I remember, extremely well connected, and even when

+we were all little boys together we knew that his mother's brother

+was Lord Holdhurst, the great conservative politician. This gaudy

+relationship did him little good at school. On the contrary, it seemed

+rather a piquant thing to us to chevy him about the playground and hit

+him over the shins with a wicket. But it was another thing when he

+came out into the world. I heard vaguely that his abilities and the

+influences which he commanded had won him a good position at the Foreign

+Office, and then he passed completely out of my mind until the following

+letter recalled his existence:

+

+

+Briarbrae, Woking. My dear Watson,--I have no doubt that you can

+remember "Tadpole" Phelps, who was in the fifth form when you were in

+the third. It is possible even that you may have heard that through my

+uncle's influence I obtained a good appointment at the Foreign Office,

+and that I was in a situation of trust and honor until a horrible

+misfortune came suddenly to blast my career.

+

+There is no use writing of the details of that dreadful event. In the

+event of your acceding to my request it is probably that I shall have

+to narrate them to you. I have only just recovered from nine weeks of

+brain-fever, and am still exceedingly weak. Do you think that you could

+bring your friend Mr. Holmes down to see me? I should like to have his

+opinion of the case, though the authorities assure me that nothing more

+can be done. Do try to bring him down, and as soon as possible. Every

+minute seems an hour while I live in this state of horrible suspense.

+Assure him that if I have not asked his advice sooner it was not because

+I did not appreciate his talents, but because I have been off my head

+ever since the blow fell. Now I am clear again, though I dare not think

+of it too much for fear of a relapse. I am still so weak that I have to

+write, as you see, by dictating. Do try to bring him.

+

+Your old school-fellow,

+

+Percy Phelps.

+

+

+There was something that touched me as I read this letter, something

+pitiable in the reiterated appeals to bring Holmes. So moved was I

+that even had it been a difficult matter I should have tried it, but

+of course I knew well that Holmes loved his art, so that he was ever

+as ready to bring his aid as his client could be to receive it. My wife

+agreed with me that not a moment should be lost in laying the matter

+before him, and so within an hour of breakfast-time I found myself back

+once more in the old rooms in Baker Street.

+

+Holmes was seated at his side-table clad in his dressing-gown, and

+working hard over a chemical investigation. A large curved retort

+was boiling furiously in the bluish flame of a Bunsen burner, and the

+distilled drops were condensing into a two-litre measure. My friend

+hardly glanced up as I entered, and I, seeing that his investigation

+must be of importance, seated myself in an arm-chair and waited. He

+dipped into this bottle or that, drawing out a few drops of each with

+his glass pipette, and finally brought a test-tube containing a solution

+over to the table. In his right hand he held a slip of litmus-paper.

+

+"You come at a crisis, Watson," said he. "If this paper remains blue,

+all is well. If it turns red, it means a man's life." He dipped it into

+the test-tube and it flushed at once into a dull, dirty crimson. "Hum!

+I thought as much!" he cried. "I will be at your service in an instant,

+Watson. You will find tobacco in the Persian slipper." He turned to his

+desk and scribbled off several telegrams, which were handed over to the

+page-boy. Then he threw himself down into the chair opposite, and drew

+up his knees until his fingers clasped round his long, thin shins.

+

+"A very commonplace little murder," said he. "You've got something

+better, I fancy. You are the stormy petrel of crime, Watson. What is

+it?"

+

+I handed him the letter, which he read with the most concentrated

+attention.

+

+"It does not tell us very much, does it?" he remarked, as he handed it

+back to me.

+

+"Hardly anything."

+

+"And yet the writing is of interest."

+

+"But the writing is not his own."

+

+"Precisely. It is a woman's."

+

+"A man's surely," I cried.

+

+"No, a woman's, and a woman of rare character. You see, at the

+commencement of an investigation it is something to know that your

+client is in close contact with some one who, for good or evil, has an

+exceptional nature. My interest is already awakened in the case. If you

+are ready we will start at once for Woking, and see this diplomatist who

+is in such evil case, and the lady to whom he dictates his letters."

+

+We were fortunate enough to catch an early train at Waterloo, and in

+a little under an hour we found ourselves among the fir-woods and

+the heather of Woking. Briarbrae proved to be a large detached house

+standing in extensive grounds within a few minutes' walk of the station.

+On sending in our cards we were shown into an elegantly appointed

+drawing-room, where we were joined in a few minutes by a rather stout

+man who received us with much hospitality. His age may have been nearer

+forty than thirty, but his cheeks were so ruddy and his eyes so merry

+that he still conveyed the impression of a plump and mischievous boy.

+

+"I am so glad that you have come," said he, shaking our hands with

+effusion. "Percy has been inquiring for you all morning. Ah, poor old

+chap, he clings to any straw! His father and his mother asked me to see

+you, for the mere mention of the subject is very painful to them."

+

+"We have had no details yet," observed Holmes. "I perceive that you are

+not yourself a member of the family."

+

+Our acquaintance looked surprised, and then, glancing down, he began to

+laugh.

+

+"Of course you saw the J H monogram on my locket," said he. "For a

+moment I thought you had done something clever. Joseph Harrison is my

+name, and as Percy is to marry my sister Annie I shall at least be a

+relation by marriage. You will find my sister in his room, for she has

+nursed him hand-and-foot this two months back. Perhaps we'd better go in

+at once, for I know how impatient he is."

+

+The chamber in which we were shown was on the same floor as the

+drawing-room. It was furnished partly as a sitting and partly as a

+bedroom, with flowers arranged daintily in every nook and corner. A

+young man, very pale and worn, was lying upon a sofa near the open

+window, through which came the rich scent of the garden and the balmy

+summer air. A woman was sitting beside him, who rose as we entered.

+

+"Shall I leave, Percy?" she asked.

+

+He clutched her hand to detain her. "How are you, Watson?" said he,

+cordially. "I should never have known you under that moustache, and I

+dare say you would not be prepared to swear to me. This I presume is

+your celebrated friend, Mr. Sherlock Holmes?"

+

+I introduced him in a few words, and we both sat down. The stout young

+man had left us, but his sister still remained with her hand in that of

+the invalid. She was a striking-looking woman, a little short and

+thick for symmetry, but with a beautiful olive complexion, large, dark,

+Italian eyes, and a wealth of deep black hair. Her rich tints made the

+white face of her companion the more worn and haggard by the contrast.

+

+"I won't waste your time," said he, raising himself upon the sofa.

+"I'll plunge into the matter without further preamble. I was a happy

+and successful man, Mr. Holmes, and on the eve of being married, when a

+sudden and dreadful misfortune wrecked all my prospects in life.

+

+"I was, as Watson may have told you, in the Foreign Office, and

+through the influences of my uncle, Lord Holdhurst, I rose rapidly to

+a responsible position. When my uncle became foreign minister in this

+administration he gave me several missions of trust, and as I always

+brought them to a successful conclusion, he came at last to have the

+utmost confidence in my ability and tact.

+

+"Nearly ten weeks ago--to be more accurate, on the 23d of May--he called

+me into his private room, and, after complimenting me on the good work

+which I had done, he informed me that he had a new commission of trust

+for me to execute.

+

+"'This,' said he, taking a gray roll of paper from his bureau, 'is the

+original of that secret treaty between England and Italy of which, I

+regret to say, some rumors have already got into the public press. It is

+of enormous importance that nothing further should leak out. The French

+or the Russian embassy would pay an immense sum to learn the contents

+of these papers. They should not leave my bureau were it not that it

+is absolutely necessary to have them copied. You have a desk in your

+office?"

+

+"'Yes, sir.'

+

+"'Then take the treaty and lock it up there. I shall give directions

+that you may remain behind when the others go, so that you may copy

+it at your leisure without fear of being overlooked. When you have

+finished, relock both the original and the draft in the desk, and hand

+them over to me personally to-morrow morning.'

+

+"I took the papers and--"

+

+"Excuse me an instant," said Holmes. "Were you alone during this

+conversation?"

+

+"Absolutely."

+

+"In a large room?"

+

+"Thirty feet each way."

+

+"In the centre?"

+

+"Yes, about it."

+

+"And speaking low?"

+

+"My uncle's voice is always remarkably low. I hardly spoke at all."

+

+"Thank you," said Holmes, shutting his eyes; "pray go on."

+

+"I did exactly what he indicated, and waited until the other clerks had

+departed. One of them in my room, Charles Gorot, had some arrears

+of work to make up, so I left him there and went out to dine. When I

+returned he was gone. I was anxious to hurry my work, for I knew that

+Joseph--the Mr. Harrison whom you saw just now--was in town, and that he

+would travel down to Woking by the eleven-o'clock train, and I wanted if

+possible to catch it.

+

+"When I came to examine the treaty I saw at once that it was of such

+importance that my uncle had been guilty of no exaggeration in what

+he had said. Without going into details, I may say that it defined the

+position of Great Britain towards the Triple Alliance, and fore-shadowed

+the policy which this country would pursue in the event of the

+French fleet gaining a complete ascendancy over that of Italy in the

+Mediterranean. The questions treated in it were purely naval. At the end

+were the signatures of the high dignitaries who had signed it. I glanced

+my eyes over it, and then settled down to my task of copying.

+

+"It was a long document, written in the French language, and containing

+twenty-six separate articles. I copied as quickly as I could, but at

+nine o'clock I had only done nine articles, and it seemed hopeless for

+me to attempt to catch my train. I was feeling drowsy and stupid, partly

+from my dinner and also from the effects of a long day's work. A cup of

+coffee would clear my brain. A commissionnaire remains all night in a

+little lodge at the foot of the stairs, and is in the habit of making

+coffee at his spirit-lamp for any of the officials who may be working

+over time. I rang the bell, therefore, to summon him.

+

+"To my surprise, it was a woman who answered the summons, a large,

+coarse-faced, elderly woman, in an apron. She explained that she was the

+commissionnaire's wife, who did the charing, and I gave her the order

+for the coffee.

+

+"I wrote two more articles and then, feeling more drowsy than ever, I

+rose and walked up and down the room to stretch my legs. My coffee had

+not yet come, and I wondered what was the cause of the delay could be.

+Opening the door, I started down the corridor to find out. There was a

+straight passage, dimly lighted, which led from the room in which I

+had been working, and was the only exit from it. It ended in a curving

+staircase, with the commissionnaire's lodge in the passage at the

+bottom. Half way down this staircase is a small landing, with another

+passage running into it at right angles. This second one leads by means

+of a second small stair to a side door, used by servants, and also as

+a short cut by clerks when coming from Charles Street. Here is a rough

+chart of the place."

+

+"Thank you. I think that I quite follow you," said Sherlock Holmes.

+

+"It is of the utmost importance that you should notice this point.

+I went down the stairs and into the hall, where I found the

+commissionnaire fast asleep in his box, with the kettle boiling

+furiously upon the spirit-lamp. I took off the kettle and blew out the

+lamp, for the water was spurting over the floor. Then I put out my hand

+and was about to shake the man, who was still sleeping soundly, when a

+bell over his head rang loudly, and he woke with a start.

+

+"'Mr. Phelps, sir!' said he, looking at me in bewilderment.

+

+"'I came down to see if my coffee was ready.'

+

+"'I was boiling the kettle when I fell asleep, sir.' He looked at me and

+then up at the still quivering bell with an ever-growing astonishment

+upon his face.

+

+"'If you was here, sir, then who rang the bell?' he asked.

+

+"'The bell!' I cried. 'What bell is it?'

+

+"'It's the bell of the room you were working in.'

+

+"A cold hand seemed to close round my heart. Some one, then, was in that

+room where my precious treaty lay upon the table. I ran frantically up

+the stair and along the passage. There was no one in the corridors, Mr.

+Holmes. There was no one in the room. All was exactly as I left it, save

+only that the papers which had been committed to my care had been taken

+from the desk on which they lay. The copy was there, and the original

+was gone."

+

+Holmes sat up in his chair and rubbed his hands. I could see that the

+problem was entirely to his heart. "Pray, what did you do then?" he

+murmured.

+

+"I recognized in an instant that the thief must have come up the stairs

+from the side door. Of course I must have met him if he had come the

+other way."

+

+"You were satisfied that he could not have been concealed in the room

+all the time, or in the corridor which you have just described as dimly

+lighted?"

+

+"It is absolutely impossible. A rat could not conceal himself either in

+the room or the corridor. There is no cover at all."

+

+"Thank you. Pray proceed."

+

+"The commissionnaire, seeing by my pale face that something was to be

+feared, had followed me upstairs. Now we both rushed along the corridor

+and down the steep steps which led to Charles Street. The door at the

+bottom was closed, but unlocked. We flung it open and rushed out. I can

+distinctly remember that as we did so there came three chimes from a

+neighboring clock. It was quarter to ten."

+

+"That is of enormous importance," said Holmes, making a note upon his

+shirt-cuff.

+

+"The night was very dark, and a thin, warm rain was falling. There was

+no one in Charles Street, but a great traffic was going on, as usual, in

+Whitehall, at the extremity. We rushed along the pavement, bare-headed

+as we were, and at the far corner we found a policeman standing.

+

+"'A robbery has been committed,' I gasped. 'A document of immense value

+has been stolen from the Foreign Office. Has any one passed this way?'

+

+"'I have been standing here for a quarter of an hour, sir,' said he;

+'only one person has passed during that time--a woman, tall and elderly,

+with a Paisley shawl.'

+

+"'Ah, that is only my wife,' cried the commissionnaire; 'has no one else

+passed?'

+

+"'No one.'

+

+"'Then it must be the other way that the thief took,' cried the fellow,

+tugging at my sleeve.

+

+"'But I was not satisfied, and the attempts which he made to draw me

+away increased my suspicions.

+

+"'Which way did the woman go?' I cried.

+

+"'I don't know, sir. I noticed her pass, but I had no special reason for

+watching her. She seemed to be in a hurry.'

+

+"'How long ago was it?'

+

+"'Oh, not very many minutes.'

+

+"'Within the last five?'

+

+"'Well, it could not be more than five.'

+

+"'You're only wasting your time, sir, and every minute now is of

+importance,' cried the commissionnaire; 'take my word for it that my old

+woman has nothing to do with it, and come down to the other end of the

+street. Well, if you won't, I will.' And with that he rushed off in the

+other direction.

+

+"But I was after him in an instant and caught him by the sleeve.

+

+"'Where do you live?' said I.

+

+"'16 Ivy Lane, Brixton,' he answered. 'But don't let yourself be drawn

+away upon a false scent, Mr. Phelps. Come to the other end of the street

+and let us see if we can hear of anything.'

+

+"Nothing was to be lost by following his advice. With the policeman we

+both hurried down, but only to find the street full of traffic, many

+people coming and going, but all only too eager to get to a place of

+safety upon so wet a night. There was no lounger who could tell us who

+had passed.

+

+"Then we returned to the office, and searched the stairs and the passage

+without result. The corridor which led to the room was laid down with

+a kind of creamy linoleum which shows an impression very easily. We

+examined it very carefully, but found no outline of any footmark."

+

+"Had it been raining all evening?"

+

+"Since about seven."

+

+"How is it, then, that the woman who came into the room about nine left

+no traces with her muddy boots?"

+

+"I am glad you raised the point. It occurred to me at the time.

+The charwomen are in the habit of taking off their boots at the

+commissionnaire's office, and putting on list slippers."

+

+"That is very clear. There were no marks, then, though the night was a

+wet one? The chain of events is certainly one of extraordinary interest.

+What did you do next?

+

+"We examined the room also. There is no possibility of a secret door,

+and the windows are quite thirty feet from the ground. Both of them

+were fastened on the inside. The carpet prevents any possibility of a

+trap-door, and the ceiling is of the ordinary whitewashed kind. I will

+pledge my life that whoever stole my papers could only have come through

+the door."

+

+"How about the fireplace?"

+

+"They use none. There is a stove. The bell-rope hangs from the wire just

+to the right of my desk. Whoever rang it must have come right up to the

+desk to do it. But why should any criminal wish to ring the bell? It is

+a most insoluble mystery."

+

+"Certainly the incident was unusual. What were your next steps? You

+examined the room, I presume, to see if the intruder had left any

+traces--any cigar-end or dropped glove or hairpin or other trifle?"

+

+"There was nothing of the sort."

+

+"No smell?"

+

+"Well, we never thought of that."

+

+"Ah, a scent of tobacco would have been worth a great deal to us in such

+an investigation."

+

+"I never smoke myself, so I think I should have observed it if there had

+been any smell of tobacco. There was absolutely no clue of any kind. The

+only tangible fact was that the commissionnaire's wife--Mrs. Tangey was

+the name--had hurried out of the place. He could give no explanation

+save that it was about the time when the woman always went home. The

+policeman and I agreed that our best plan would be to seize the woman

+before she could get rid of the papers, presuming that she had them.

+

+"The alarm had reached Scotland Yard by this time, and Mr. Forbes, the

+detective, came round at once and took up the case with a great deal of

+energy. We hired a hansom, and in half an hour we were at the address

+which had been given to us. A young woman opened the door, who proved to

+be Mrs. Tangey's eldest daughter. Her mother had not come back yet, and

+we were shown into the front room to wait.

+

+"About ten minutes later a knock came at the door, and here we made the

+one serious mistake for which I blame myself. Instead of opening the

+door ourselves, we allowed the girl to do so. We heard her say, 'Mother,

+there are two men in the house waiting to see you,' and an instant

+afterwards we heard the patter of feet rushing down the passage. Forbes

+flung open the door, and we both ran into the back room or kitchen, but

+the woman had got there before us. She stared at us with defiant

+eyes, and then, suddenly recognizing me, an expression of absolute

+astonishment came over her face.

+

+"'Why, if it isn't Mr. Phelps, of the office!' she cried.

+

+"'Come, come, who did you think we were when you ran away from us?'

+asked my companion.

+

+"'I thought you were the brokers,' said she, 'we have had some trouble

+with a tradesman.'

+

+"'That's not quite good enough,' answered Forbes. 'We have reason to

+believe that you have taken a paper of importance from the Foreign

+Office, and that you ran in here to dispose of it. You must come back

+with us to Scotland Yard to be searched.'

+

+"It was in vain that she protested and resisted. A four-wheeler was

+brought, and we all three drove back in it. We had first made an

+examination of the kitchen, and especially of the kitchen fire, to see

+whether she might have made away with the papers during the instant that

+she was alone. There were no signs, however, of any ashes or scraps.

+When we reached Scotland Yard she was handed over at once to the female

+searcher. I waited in an agony of suspense until she came back with her

+report. There were no signs of the papers.

+

+"Then for the first time the horror of my situation came in its full

+force. Hitherto I had been acting, and action had numbed thought. I had

+been so confident of regaining the treaty at once that I had not dared

+to think of what would be the consequence if I failed to do so. But

+now there was nothing more to be done, and I had leisure to realize

+my position. It was horrible. Watson there would tell you that I was a

+nervous, sensitive boy at school. It is my nature. I thought of my uncle

+and of his colleagues in the Cabinet, of the shame which I had brought

+upon him, upon myself, upon every one connected with me. What though I

+was the victim of an extraordinary accident? No allowance is made

+for accidents where diplomatic interests are at stake. I was ruined,

+shamefully, hopelessly ruined. I don't know what I did. I fancy I must

+have made a scene. I have a dim recollection of a group of officials who

+crowded round me, endeavoring to soothe me. One of them drove down with

+me to Waterloo, and saw me into the Woking train. I believe that he

+would have come all the way had it not been that Dr. Ferrier, who lives

+near me, was going down by that very train. The doctor most kindly took

+charge of me, and it was well he did so, for I had a fit in the station,

+and before we reached home I was practically a raving maniac.

+

+"You can imagine the state of things here when they were roused from

+their beds by the doctor's ringing and found me in this condition. Poor

+Annie here and my mother were broken-hearted. Dr. Ferrier had just heard

+enough from the detective at the station to be able to give an idea of

+what had happened, and his story did not mend matters. It was evident to

+all that I was in for a long illness, so Joseph was bundled out of this

+cheery bedroom, and it was turned into a sick-room for me. Here I have

+lain, Mr. Holmes, for over nine weeks, unconscious, and raving with

+brain-fever. If it had not been for Miss Harrison here and for the

+doctor's care I should not be speaking to you now. She has nursed me by

+day and a hired nurse has looked after me by night, for in my mad fits

+I was capable of anything. Slowly my reason has cleared, but it is only

+during the last three days that my memory has quite returned. Sometimes

+I wish that it never had. The first thing that I did was to wire to

+Mr. Forbes, who had the case in hand. He came out, and assures me that,

+though everything has been done, no trace of a clue has been discovered.

+The commissionnaire and his wife have been examined in every way without

+any light being thrown upon the matter. The suspicions of the police

+then rested upon young Gorot, who, as you may remember, stayed over time

+in the office that night. His remaining behind and his French name were

+really the only two points which could suggest suspicion; but, as a

+matter of fact, I did not begin work until he had gone, and his people

+are of Huguenot extraction, but as English in sympathy and tradition as

+you and I are. Nothing was found to implicate him in any way, and there

+the matter dropped. I turn to you, Mr. Holmes, as absolutely my last

+hope. If you fail me, then my honor as well as my position are forever

+forfeited."

+

+The invalid sank back upon his cushions, tired out by this long recital,

+while his nurse poured him out a glass of some stimulating medicine.

+Holmes sat silently, with his head thrown back and his eyes closed, in

+an attitude which might seem listless to a stranger, but which I knew

+betokened the most intense self-absorption.

+

+"You statement has been so explicit," said he at last, "that you have

+really left me very few questions to ask. There is one of the very

+utmost importance, however. Did you tell any one that you had this

+special task to perform?"

+

+"No one."

+

+"Not Miss Harrison here, for example?"

+

+"No. I had not been back to Woking between getting the order and

+executing the commission."

+

+"And none of your people had by chance been to see you?"

+

+"None."

+

+"Did any of them know their way about in the office?"

+

+"Oh, yes, all of them had been shown over it."

+

+"Still, of course, if you said nothing to any one about the treaty these

+inquiries are irrelevant."

+

+"I said nothing."

+

+"Do you know anything of the commissionnaire?"

+

+"Nothing except that he is an old soldier."

+

+"What regiment?"

+

+"Oh, I have heard--Coldstream Guards."

+

+"Thank you. I have no doubt I can get details from Forbes. The

+authorities are excellent at amassing facts, though they do not always

+use them to advantage. What a lovely thing a rose is!"

+

+He walked past the couch to the open window, and held up the drooping

+stalk of a moss-rose, looking down at the dainty blend of crimson and

+green. It was a new phase of his character to me, for I had never before

+seen him show any keen interest in natural objects.

+

+"There is nothing in which deduction is so necessary as in religion,"

+said he, leaning with his back against the shutters. "It can be built

+up as an exact science by the reasoner. Our highest assurance of the

+goodness of Providence seems to me to rest in the flowers. All other

+things, our powers our desires, our food, are all really necessary for

+our existence in the first instance. But this rose is an extra. Its

+smell and its color are an embellishment of life, not a condition of it.

+It is only goodness which gives extras, and so I say again that we have

+much to hope from the flowers."

+

+Percy Phelps and his nurse looked at Holmes during this demonstration

+with surprise and a good deal of disappointment written upon their

+faces. He had fallen into a reverie, with the moss-rose between his

+fingers. It had lasted some minutes before the young lady broke in upon

+it.

+

+"Do you see any prospect of solving this mystery, Mr. Holmes?" she

+asked, with a touch of asperity in her voice.

+

+"Oh, the mystery!" he answered, coming back with a start to the

+realities of life. "Well, it would be absurd to deny that the case is

+a very abstruse and complicated one, but I can promise you that I will

+look into the matter and let you know any points which may strike me."

+

+"Do you see any clue?"

+

+"You have furnished me with seven, but, of course, I must test them

+before I can pronounce upon their value."

+

+"You suspect some one?"

+

+"I suspect myself."

+

+"What!"

+

+"Of coming to conclusions too rapidly."

+

+"Then go to London and test your conclusions."

+

+"Your advice is very excellent, Miss Harrison," said Holmes, rising. "I

+think, Watson, we cannot do better. Do not allow yourself to indulge in

+false hopes, Mr. Phelps. The affair is a very tangled one."

+

+"I shall be in a fever until I see you again," cried the diplomatist.

+

+"Well, I'll come out by the same train to-morrow, though it's more than

+likely that my report will be a negative one."

+

+"God bless you for promising to come," cried our client. "It gives me

+fresh life to know that something is being done. By the way, I have had

+a letter from Lord Holdhurst."

+

+"Ha! What did he say?"

+

+"He was cold, but not harsh. I dare say my severe illness prevented

+him from being that. He repeated that the matter was of the utmost

+importance, and added that no steps would be taken about my future--by

+which he means, of course, my dismissal--until my health was restored

+and I had an opportunity of repairing my misfortune."

+

+"Well, that was reasonable and considerate," said Holmes. "Come, Watson,

+for we have a good day's work before us in town."

+

+Mr. Joseph Harrison drove us down to the station, and we were soon

+whirling up in a Portsmouth train. Holmes was sunk in profound thought,

+and hardly opened his mouth until we had passed Clapham Junction.

+

+"It's a very cheery thing to come into London by any of these lines

+which run high, and allow you to look down upon the houses like this."

+

+I thought he was joking, for the view was sordid enough, but he soon

+explained himself.

+

+"Look at those big, isolated clumps of building rising up above the

+slates, like brick islands in a lead-colored sea."

+

+"The board-schools."

+

+"Light-houses, my boy! Beacons of the future! Capsules with hundreds of

+bright little seeds in each, out of which will spring the wise, better

+England of the future. I suppose that man Phelps does not drink?"

+

+"I should not think so."

+

+"Nor should I, but we are bound to take every possibility into account.

+The poor devil has certainly got himself into very deep water, and it's

+a question whether we shall ever be able to get him ashore. What did you

+think of Miss Harrison?"

+

+"A girl of strong character."

+

+"Yes, but she is a good sort, or I am mistaken. She and her brother are

+the only children of an iron-master somewhere up Northumberland way. He

+got engaged to her when traveling last winter, and she came down to

+be introduced to his people, with her brother as escort. Then came

+the smash, and she stayed on to nurse her lover, while brother Joseph,

+finding himself pretty snug, stayed on too. I've been making a few

+independent inquiries, you see. But to-day must be a day of inquiries."

+

+"My practice--" I began.

+

+"Oh, if you find your own cases more interesting than mine--" said

+Holmes, with some asperity.

+

+"I was going to say that my practice could get along very well for a day

+or two, since it is the slackest time in the year."

+

+"Excellent," said he, recovering his good-humor. "Then we'll look into

+this matter together. I think that we should begin by seeing Forbes.

+He can probably tell us all the details we want until we know from what

+side the case is to be approached."

+

+"You said you had a clue?"

+

+"Well, we have several, but we can only test their value by further

+inquiry. The most difficult crime to track is the one which is

+purposeless. Now this is not purposeless. Who is it who profits by it?

+There is the French ambassador, there is the Russian, there is whoever

+might sell it to either of these, and there is Lord Holdhurst."

+

+"Lord Holdhurst!"

+

+"Well, it is just conceivable that a statesman might find himself in

+a position where he was not sorry to have such a document accidentally

+destroyed."

+

+"Not a statesman with the honorable record of Lord Holdhurst?"

+

+"It is a possibility and we cannot afford to disregard it. We shall see

+the noble lord to-day and find out if he can tell us anything. Meanwhile

+I have already set inquiries on foot."

+

+"Already?"

+

+"Yes, I sent wires from Woking station to every evening paper in London.

+This advertisement will appear in each of them."

+

+He handed over a sheet torn from a note-book. On it was scribbled in

+pencil: "L10 reward. The number of the cab which dropped a fare at or

+about the door of the Foreign Office in Charles Street at quarter to ten

+in the evening of May 23d. Apply 221 B, Baker Street."

+

+"You are confident that the thief came in a cab?"

+

+"If not, there is no harm done. But if Mr. Phelps is correct in stating

+that there is no hiding-place either in the room or the corridors, then

+the person must have come from outside. If he came from outside on so

+wet a night, and yet left no trace of damp upon the linoleum, which

+was examined within a few minutes of his passing, then it is exceeding

+probable that he came in a cab. Yes, I think that we may safely deduce a

+cab."

+

+"It sounds plausible."

+

+"That is one of the clues of which I spoke. It may lead us to something.

+And then, of course, there is the bell--which is the most distinctive

+feature of the case. Why should the bell ring? Was it the thief who did

+it out of bravado? Or was it some one who was with the thief who did it

+in order to prevent the crime? Or was it an accident? Or was it--?" He

+sank back into the state of intense and silent thought from which he

+had emerged; but it seemed to me, accustomed as I was to his every mood,

+that some new possibility had dawned suddenly upon him.

+

+It was twenty past three when we reached our terminus, and after a hasty

+luncheon at the buffet we pushed on at once to Scotland Yard. Holmes

+had already wired to Forbes, and we found him waiting to receive us--a

+small, foxy man with a sharp but by no means amiable expression. He

+was decidedly frigid in his manner to us, especially when he heard the

+errand upon which we had come.

+

+"I've heard of your methods before now, Mr. Holmes," said he, tartly.

+"You are ready enough to use all the information that the police can lay

+at your disposal, and then you try to finish the case yourself and bring

+discredit on them."

+

+"On the contrary," said Holmes, "out of my last fifty-three cases my

+name has only appeared in four, and the police have had all the credit

+in forty-nine. I don't blame you for not knowing this, for you are young

+and inexperienced, but if you wish to get on in your new duties you will

+work with me and not against me."

+

+"I'd be very glad of a hint or two," said the detective, changing his

+manner. "I've certainly had no credit from the case so far."

+

+"What steps have you taken?"

+

+"Tangey, the commissionnaire, has been shadowed. He left the Guards with

+a good character and we can find nothing against him. His wife is a bad

+lot, though. I fancy she knows more about this than appears."

+

+"Have you shadowed her?"

+

+"We have set one of our women on to her. Mrs. Tangey drinks, and our

+woman has been with her twice when she was well on, but she could get

+nothing out of her."

+

+"I understand that they have had brokers in the house?"

+

+"Yes, but they were paid off."

+

+"Where did the money come from?"

+

+"That was all right. His pension was due. They have not shown any sign

+of being in funds."

+

+"What explanation did she give of having answered the bell when Mr.

+Phelps rang for the coffee?"

+

+"She said that he husband was very tired and she wished to relieve him."

+

+"Well, certainly that would agree with his being found a little later

+asleep in his chair. There is nothing against them then but the woman's

+character. Did you ask her why she hurried away that night? Her haste

+attracted the attention of the police constable."

+

+"She was later than usual and wanted to get home."

+

+"Did you point out to her that you and Mr. Phelps, who started at least

+twenty minutes after her, got home before her?"

+

+"She explains that by the difference between a 'bus and a hansom."

+

+"Did she make it clear why, on reaching her house, she ran into the back

+kitchen?"

+

+"Because she had the money there with which to pay off the brokers."

+

+"She has at least an answer for everything. Did you ask her whether in

+leaving she met any one or saw any one loitering about Charles Street?"

+

+"She saw no one but the constable."

+

+"Well, you seem to have cross-examined her pretty thoroughly. What else

+have you done?"

+

+"The clerk Gorot has been shadowed all these nine weeks, but without

+result. We can show nothing against him."

+

+"Anything else?"

+

+"Well, we have nothing else to go upon--no evidence of any kind."

+

+"Have you formed a theory about how that bell rang?"

+

+"Well, I must confess that it beats me. It was a cool hand, whoever it

+was, to go and give the alarm like that."

+

+"Yes, it was queer thing to do. Many thanks to you for what you have

+told me. If I can put the man into your hands you shall hear from me.

+Come along, Watson."

+

+"Where are we going to now?" I asked, as we left the office.

+

+"We are now going to interview Lord Holdhurst, the cabinet minister and

+future premier of England."

+

+We were fortunate in finding that Lord Holdhurst was still in his

+chambers in Downing Street, and on Holmes sending in his card we were

+instantly shown up. The statesman received us with that old-fashioned

+courtesy for which he is remarkable, and seated us on the two luxuriant

+lounges on either side of the fireplace. Standing on the rug between us,

+with his slight, tall figure, his sharp features, thoughtful face, and

+curling hair prematurely tinged with gray, he seemed to represent that

+not too common type, a nobleman who is in truth noble.

+

+"Your name is very familiar to me, Mr. Holmes," said he, smiling. "And,

+of course, I cannot pretend to be ignorant of the object of your visit.

+There has only been one occurrence in these offices which could call for

+your attention. In whose interest are you acting, may I ask?"

+

+"In that of Mr. Percy Phelps," answered Holmes.

+

+"Ah, my unfortunate nephew! You can understand that our kinship makes

+it the more impossible for me to screen him in any way. I fear that the

+incident must have a very prejudicial effect upon his career."

+

+"But if the document is found?"

+

+"Ah, that, of course, would be different."

+

+"I had one or two questions which I wished to ask you, Lord Holdhurst."

+

+"I shall be happy to give you any information in my power."

+

+"Was it in this room that you gave your instructions as to the copying

+of the document?"

+

+"It was."

+

+"Then you could hardly have been overheard?"

+

+"It is out of the question."

+

+"Did you ever mention to any one that it was your intention to give any

+one the treaty to be copied?"

+

+"Never."

+

+"You are certain of that?"

+

+"Absolutely."

+

+"Well, since you never said so, and Mr. Phelps never said so, and nobody

+else knew anything of the matter, then the thief's presence in the room

+was purely accidental. He saw his chance and he took it."

+

+The statesman smiled. "You take me out of my province there," said he.

+

+Holmes considered for a moment. "There is another very important

+point which I wish to discuss with you," said he. "You feared, as I

+understand, that very grave results might follow from the details of

+this treaty becoming known."

+

+A shadow passed over the expressive face of the statesman. "Very grave

+results indeed."

+

+"Any have they occurred?"

+

+"Not yet."

+

+"If the treaty had reached, let us say, the French or Russian Foreign

+Office, you would expect to hear of it?"

+

+"I should," said Lord Holdhurst, with a wry face.

+

+"Since nearly ten weeks have elapsed, then, and nothing has been heard,

+it is not unfair to suppose that for some reason the treaty has not

+reached them."

+

+Lord Holdhurst shrugged his shoulders.

+

+"We can hardly suppose, Mr. Holmes, that the thief took the treaty in

+order to frame it and hang it up."

+

+"Perhaps he is waiting for a better price."

+

+"If he waits a little longer he will get no price at all. The treaty

+will cease to be secret in a few months."

+

+"That is most important," said Holmes. "Of course, it is a possible

+supposition that the thief has had a sudden illness--"

+

+"An attack of brain-fever, for example?" asked the statesman, flashing a

+swift glance at him.

+

+"I did not say so," said Holmes, imperturbably. "And now, Lord

+Holdhurst, we have already taken up too much of your valuable time, and

+we shall wish you good-day."

+

+"Every success to your investigation, be the criminal who it may,"

+answered the nobleman, as he bowed us out the door.

+

+"He's a fine fellow," said Holmes, as we came out into Whitehall. "But

+he has a struggle to keep up his position. He is far from rich and has

+many calls. You noticed, of course, that his boots had been resoled.

+Now, Watson, I won't detain you from your legitimate work any longer.

+I shall do nothing more to-day, unless I have an answer to my cab

+advertisement. But I should be extremely obliged to you if you would

+come down with me to Woking to-morrow, by the same train which we took

+yesterday."

+

+

+I met him accordingly next morning and we traveled down to Woking

+together. He had had no answer to his advertisement, he said, and no

+fresh light had been thrown upon the case. He had, when he so willed

+it, the utter immobility of countenance of a red Indian, and I could

+not gather from his appearance whether he was satisfied or not with

+the position of the case. His conversation, I remember, was about the

+Bertillon system of measurements, and he expressed his enthusiastic

+admiration of the French savant.

+

+We found our client still under the charge of his devoted nurse, but

+looking considerably better than before. He rose from the sofa and

+greeted us without difficulty when we entered.

+

+"Any news?" he asked, eagerly.

+

+"My report, as I expected, is a negative one," said Holmes. "I have seen

+Forbes, and I have seen your uncle, and I have set one or two trains of

+inquiry upon foot which may lead to something."

+

+"You have not lost heart, then?"

+

+"By no means."

+

+"God bless you for saying that!" cried Miss Harrison. "If we keep our

+courage and our patience the truth must come out."

+

+"We have more to tell you than you have for us," said Phelps, reseating

+himself upon the couch.

+

+"I hoped you might have something."

+

+"Yes, we have had an adventure during the night, and one which might

+have proved to be a serious one." His expression grew very grave as he

+spoke, and a look of something akin to fear sprang up in his eyes. "Do

+you know," said he, "that I begin to believe that I am the unconscious

+centre of some monstrous conspiracy, and that my life is aimed at as

+well as my honor?"

+

+"Ah!" cried Holmes.

+

+"It sounds incredible, for I have not, as far as I know, an enemy in

+the world. Yet from last night's experience I can come to no other

+conclusion."

+

+"Pray let me hear it."

+

+"You must know that last night was the very first night that I have ever

+slept without a nurse in the room. I was so much better that I thought

+I could dispense with one. I had a night-light burning, however. Well,

+about two in the morning I had sunk into a light sleep when I was

+suddenly aroused by a slight noise. It was like the sound which a mouse

+makes when it is gnawing a plank, and I lay listening to it for some

+time under the impression that it must come from that cause. Then it

+grew louder, and suddenly there came from the window a sharp metallic

+snick. I sat up in amazement. There could be no doubt what the sounds

+were now. The first ones had been caused by some one forcing an

+instrument through the slit between the sashes, and the second by the

+catch being pressed back.

+

+"There was a pause then for about ten minutes, as if the person were

+waiting to see whether the noise had awakened me. Then I heard a gentle

+creaking as the window was very slowly opened. I could stand it no

+longer, for my nerves are not what they used to be. I sprang out of bed

+and flung open the shutters. A man was crouching at the window. I could

+see little of him, for he was gone like a flash. He was wrapped in some

+sort of cloak which came across the lower part of his face. One thing

+only I am sure of, and that is that he had some weapon in his hand. It

+looked to me like a long knife. I distinctly saw the gleam of it as he

+turned to run."

+

+"This is most interesting," said Holmes. "Pray what did you do then?"

+

+"I should have followed him through the open window if I had been

+stronger. As it was, I rang the bell and roused the house. It took me

+some little time, for the bell rings in the kitchen and the servants all

+sleep upstairs. I shouted, however, and that brought Joseph down, and he

+roused the others. Joseph and the groom found marks on the bed outside

+the window, but the weather has been so dry lately that they found it

+hopeless to follow the trail across the grass. There's a place, however,

+on the wooden fence which skirts the road which shows signs, they tell

+me, as if some one had got over, and had snapped the top of the rail in

+doing so. I have said nothing to the local police yet, for I thought I

+had best have your opinion first."

+

+This tale of our client's appeared to have an extraordinary effect upon

+Sherlock Holmes. He rose from his chair and paced about the room in

+uncontrollable excitement.

+

+"Misfortunes never come single," said Phelps, smiling, though it was

+evident that his adventure had somewhat shaken him.

+

+"You have certainly had your share," said Holmes. "Do you think you

+could walk round the house with me?"

+

+"Oh, yes, I should like a little sunshine. Joseph will come, too."

+

+"And I also," said Miss Harrison.

+

+"I am afraid not," said Holmes, shaking his head. "I think I must ask

+you to remain sitting exactly where you are."

+

+The young lady resumed her seat with an air of displeasure. Her brother,

+however, had joined us and we set off all four together. We passed round

+the lawn to the outside of the young diplomatist's window. There were,

+as he had said, marks upon the bed, but they were hopelessly blurred and

+vague. Holmes stopped over them for an instant, and then rose shrugging

+his shoulders.

+

+"I don't think any one could make much of this," said he. "Let us go

+round the house and see why this particular room was chosen by the

+burglar. I should have thought those larger windows of the drawing-room

+and dining-room would have had more attractions for him."

+

+"They are more visible from the road," suggested Mr. Joseph Harrison.

+

+"Ah, yes, of course. There is a door here which he might have attempted.

+What is it for?"

+

+"It is the side entrance for trades-people. Of course it is locked at

+night."

+

+"Have you ever had an alarm like this before?"

+

+"Never," said our client.

+

+"Do you keep plate in the house, or anything to attract burglars?"

+

+"Nothing of value."

+

+Holmes strolled round the house with his hands in his pockets and a

+negligent air which was unusual with him.

+

+"By the way," said he to Joseph Harrison, "you found some place, I

+understand, where the fellow scaled the fence. Let us have a look at

+that!"

+

+The plump young man led us to a spot where the top of one of the wooden

+rails had been cracked. A small fragment of the wood was hanging down.

+Holmes pulled it off and examined it critically.

+

+"Do you think that was done last night? It looks rather old, does it

+not?"

+

+"Well, possibly so."

+

+"There are no marks of any one jumping down upon the other side. No, I

+fancy we shall get no help here. Let us go back to the bedroom and talk

+the matter over."

+

+Percy Phelps was walking very slowly, leaning upon the arm of his future

+brother-in-law. Holmes walked swiftly across the lawn, and we were at

+the open window of the bedroom long before the others came up.

+

+"Miss Harrison," said Holmes, speaking with the utmost intensity of

+manner, "you must stay where you are all day. Let nothing prevent you

+from staying where you are all day. It is of the utmost importance."

+

+"Certainly, if you wish it, Mr. Holmes," said the girl in astonishment.

+

+"When you go to bed lock the door of this room on the outside and keep

+the key. Promise to do this."

+

+"But Percy?"

+

+"He will come to London with us."

+

+"And am I to remain here?"

+

+"It is for his sake. You can serve him. Quick! Promise!"

+

+She gave a quick nod of assent just as the other two came up.

+

+"Why do you sit moping there, Annie?" cried her brother. "Come out into

+the sunshine!"

+

+"No, thank you, Joseph. I have a slight headache and this room is

+deliciously cool and soothing."

+

+"What do you propose now, Mr. Holmes?" asked our client.

+

+"Well, in investigating this minor affair we must not lose sight of our

+main inquiry. It would be a very great help to me if you would come up

+to London with us."

+

+"At once?"

+

+"Well, as soon as you conveniently can. Say in an hour."

+

+"I feel quite strong enough, if I can really be of any help."

+

+"The greatest possible."

+

+"Perhaps you would like me to stay there to-night?"

+

+"I was just going to propose it."

+

+"Then, if my friend of the night comes to revisit me, he will find the

+bird flown. We are all in your hands, Mr. Holmes, and you must tell us

+exactly what you would like done. Perhaps you would prefer that Joseph

+came with us so as to look after me?"

+

+"Oh, no; my friend Watson is a medical man, you know, and he'll look

+after you. We'll have our lunch here, if you will permit us, and then we

+shall all three set off for town together."

+

+It was arranged as he suggested, though Miss Harrison excused herself

+from leaving the bedroom, in accordance with Holmes's suggestion. What

+the object of my friend's manoeuvres was I could not conceive, unless it

+were to keep the lady away from Phelps, who, rejoiced by his

+returning health and by the prospect of action, lunched with us in the

+dining-room. Holmes had a still more startling surprise for us, however,

+for, after accompanying us down to the station and seeing us into

+our carriage, he calmly announced that he had no intention of leaving

+Woking.

+

+"There are one or two small points which I should desire to clear up

+before I go," said he. "Your absence, Mr. Phelps, will in some ways

+rather assist me. Watson, when you reach London you would oblige me by

+driving at once to Baker Street with our friend here, and remaining

+with him until I see you again. It is fortunate that you are old

+school-fellows, as you must have much to talk over. Mr. Phelps can

+have the spare bedroom to-night, and I will be with you in time for

+breakfast, for there is a train which will take me into Waterloo at

+eight."

+

+"But how about our investigation in London?" asked Phelps, ruefully.

+

+"We can do that to-morrow. I think that just at present I can be of more

+immediate use here."

+

+"You might tell them at Briarbrae that I hope to be back to-morrow

+night," cried Phelps, as we began to move from the platform.

+

+"I hardly expect to go back to Briarbrae," answered Holmes, and waved

+his hand to us cheerily as we shot out from the station.

+

+Phelps and I talked it over on our journey, but neither of us could

+devise a satisfactory reason for this new development.

+

+"I suppose he wants to find out some clue as to the burglary last night,

+if a burglar it was. For myself, I don't believe it was an ordinary

+thief."

+

+"What is your own idea, then?"

+

+"Upon my word, you may put it down to my weak nerves or not, but I

+believe there is some deep political intrigue going on around me, and

+that for some reason that passes my understanding my life is aimed at

+by the conspirators. It sounds high-flown and absurd, but consider the

+facts! Why should a thief try to break in at a bedroom window, where

+there could be no hope of any plunder, and why should he come with a

+long knife in his hand?"

+

+"You are sure it was not a house-breaker's jimmy?"

+

+"Oh, no, it was a knife. I saw the flash of the blade quite distinctly."

+

+"But why on earth should you be pursued with such animosity?"

+

+"Ah, that is the question."

+

+"Well, if Holmes takes the same view, that would account for his action,

+would it not? Presuming that your theory is correct, if he can lay his

+hands upon the man who threatened you last night he will have gone a

+long way towards finding who took the naval treaty. It is absurd to

+suppose that you have two enemies, one of whom robs you, while the other

+threatens your life."

+

+"But Holmes said that he was not going to Briarbrae."

+

+"I have known him for some time," said I, "but I never knew him do

+anything yet without a very good reason," and with that our conversation

+drifted off on to other topics.

+

+But it was a weary day for me. Phelps was still weak after his long

+illness, and his misfortune made him querulous and nervous. In vain

+I endeavored to interest him in Afghanistan, in India, in social

+questions, in anything which might take his mind out of the groove.

+He would always come back to his lost treaty, wondering, guessing,

+speculating, as to what Holmes was doing, what steps Lord Holdhurst was

+taking, what news we should have in the morning. As the evening wore on

+his excitement became quite painful.

+

+"You have implicit faith in Holmes?" he asked.

+

+"I have seen him do some remarkable things."

+

+"But he never brought light into anything quite so dark as this?"

+

+"Oh, yes; I have known him solve questions which presented fewer clues

+than yours."

+

+"But not where such large interests are at stake?"

+

+"I don't know that. To my certain knowledge he has acted on behalf of

+three of the reigning houses of Europe in very vital matters."

+

+"But you know him well, Watson. He is such an inscrutable fellow that I

+never quite know what to make of him. Do you think he is hopeful? Do you

+think he expects to make a success of it?"

+

+"He has said nothing."

+

+"That is a bad sign."

+

+"On the contrary, I have noticed that when he is off the trail he

+generally says so. It is when he is on a scent and is not quite

+absolutely sure yet that it is the right one that he is most taciturn.

+Now, my dear fellow, we can't help matters by making ourselves nervous

+about them, so let me implore you to go to bed and so be fresh for

+whatever may await us to-morrow."

+

+I was able at last to persuade my companion to take my advice, though I

+knew from his excited manner that there was not much hope of sleep for

+him. Indeed, his mood was infectious, for I lay tossing half the night

+myself, brooding over this strange problem, and inventing a hundred

+theories, each of which was more impossible than the last. Why had

+Holmes remained at Woking? Why had he asked Miss Harrison to remain

+in the sick-room all day? Why had he been so careful not to inform the

+people at Briarbrae that he intended to remain near them? I cudgelled

+my brains until I fell asleep in the endeavor to find some explanation

+which would cover all these facts.

+

+It was seven o'clock when I awoke, and I set off at once for Phelps's

+room, to find him haggard and spent after a sleepless night. His first

+question was whether Holmes had arrived yet.

+

+"He'll be here when he promised," said I, "and not an instant sooner or

+later."

+

+And my words were true, for shortly after eight a hansom dashed up to

+the door and our friend got out of it. Standing in the window we saw

+that his left hand was swathed in a bandage and that his face was very

+grim and pale. He entered the house, but it was some little time before

+he came upstairs.

+

+"He looks like a beaten man," cried Phelps.

+

+I was forced to confess that he was right. "After all," said I, "the

+clue of the matter lies probably here in town."

+

+Phelps gave a groan.

+

+"I don't know how it is," said he, "but I had hoped for so much from his

+return. But surely his hand was not tied up like that yesterday. What

+can be the matter?"

+

+"You are not wounded, Holmes?" I asked, as my friend entered the room.

+

+"Tut, it is only a scratch through my own clumsiness," he answered,

+nodding his good-mornings to us. "This case of yours, Mr. Phelps, is

+certainly one of the darkest which I have ever investigated."

+

+"I feared that you would find it beyond you."

+

+"It has been a most remarkable experience."

+

+"That bandage tells of adventures," said I. "Won't you tell us what has

+happened?"

+

+"After breakfast, my dear Watson. Remember that I have breathed thirty

+miles of Surrey air this morning. I suppose that there has been no

+answer from my cabman advertisement? Well, well, we cannot expect to

+score every time."

+

+The table was all laid, and just as I was about to ring Mrs. Hudson

+entered with the tea and coffee. A few minutes later she brought in

+three covers, and we all drew up to the table, Holmes ravenous, I

+curious, and Phelps in the gloomiest state of depression.

+

+"Mrs. Hudson has risen to the occasion," said Holmes, uncovering a dish

+of curried chicken. "Her cuisine is a little limited, but she has

+as good an idea of breakfast as a Scotch-woman. What have you here,

+Watson?"

+

+"Ham and eggs," I answered.

+

+"Good! What are you going to take, Mr. Phelps--curried fowl or eggs, or

+will you help yourself?"

+

+"Thank you. I can eat nothing," said Phelps.

+

+"Oh, come! Try the dish before you."

+

+"Thank you, I would really rather not."

+

+"Well, then," said Holmes, with a mischievous twinkle, "I suppose that

+you have no objection to helping me?"

+

+Phelps raised the cover, and as he did so he uttered a scream, and sat

+there staring with a face as white as the plate upon which he looked.

+Across the centre of it was lying a little cylinder of blue-gray paper.

+He caught it up, devoured it with his eyes, and then danced madly about

+the room, pressing it to his bosom and shrieking out in his delight.

+Then he fell back into an arm-chair so limp and exhausted with his own

+emotions that we had to pour brandy down his throat to keep him from

+fainting.

+

+"There! there!" said Holmes, soothing, patting him upon the shoulder.

+"It was too bad to spring it on you like this, but Watson here will tell

+you that I never can resist a touch of the dramatic."

+

+Phelps seized his hand and kissed it. "God bless you!" he cried. "You

+have saved my honor."

+

+"Well, my own was at stake, you know," said Holmes. "I assure you it is

+just as hateful to me to fail in a case as it can be to you to blunder

+over a commission."

+

+Phelps thrust away the precious document into the innermost pocket of

+his coat.

+

+"I have not the heart to interrupt your breakfast any further, and yet I

+am dying to know how you got it and where it was."

+

+Sherlock Holmes swallowed a cup of coffee, and turned his attention to

+the ham and eggs. Then he rose, lit his pipe, and settled himself down

+into his chair.

+

+"I'll tell you what I did first, and how I came to do it afterwards,"

+said he. "After leaving you at the station I went for a charming walk

+through some admirable Surrey scenery to a pretty little village called

+Ripley, where I had my tea at an inn, and took the precaution of filling

+my flask and of putting a paper of sandwiches in my pocket. There I

+remained until evening, when I set off for Woking again, and found

+myself in the high-road outside Briarbrae just after sunset.

+

+"Well, I waited until the road was clear--it is never a very frequented

+one at any time, I fancy--and then I clambered over the fence into the

+grounds."

+

+"Surely the gate was open!" ejaculated Phelps.

+

+"Yes, but I have a peculiar taste in these matters. I chose the place

+where the three fir-trees stand, and behind their screen I got over

+without the least chance of any one in the house being able to see me.

+I crouched down among the bushes on the other side, and crawled from one

+to the other--witness the disreputable state of my trouser knees--until

+I had reached the clump of rhododendrons just opposite to your bedroom

+window. There I squatted down and awaited developments.

+

+"The blind was not down in your room, and I could see Miss Harrison

+sitting there reading by the table. It was quarter-past ten when she

+closed her book, fastened the shutters, and retired.

+

+"I heard her shut the door, and felt quite sure that she had turned the

+key in the lock."

+

+"The key!" ejaculated Phelps.

+

+"Yes; I had given Miss Harrison instructions to lock the door on the

+outside and take the key with her when she went to bed. She carried out

+every one of my injunctions to the letter, and certainly without her

+cooperation you would not have that paper in you coat-pocket. She

+departed then and the lights went out, and I was left squatting in the

+rhododendron-bush.

+

+"The night was fine, but still it was a very weary vigil. Of course it

+has the sort of excitement about it that the sportsman feels when he

+lies beside the water-course and waits for the big game. It was very

+long, though--almost as long, Watson, as when you and I waited in that

+deadly room when we looked into the little problem of the Speckled Band.

+There was a church-clock down at Woking which struck the quarters, and I

+thought more than once that it had stopped. At last however about two

+in the morning, I suddenly heard the gentle sound of a bolt being pushed

+back and the creaking of a key. A moment later the servants' door was

+opened, and Mr. Joseph Harrison stepped out into the moonlight."

+

+"Joseph!" ejaculated Phelps.

+

+"He was bare-headed, but he had a black coat thrown over his shoulder so

+that he could conceal his face in an instant if there were any alarm. He

+walked on tiptoe under the shadow of the wall, and when he reached the

+window he worked a long-bladed knife through the sash and pushed back

+the catch. Then he flung open the window, and putting his knife through

+the crack in the shutters, he thrust the bar up and swung them open.

+

+"From where I lay I had a perfect view of the inside of the room and of

+every one of his movements. He lit the two candles which stood upon the

+mantelpiece, and then he proceeded to turn back the corner of the carpet

+in the neighborhood of the door. Presently he stopped and picked out a

+square piece of board, such as is usually left to enable plumbers to get

+at the joints of the gas-pipes. This one covered, as a matter of

+fact, the T joint which gives off the pipe which supplies the kitchen

+underneath. Out of this hiding-place he drew that little cylinder

+of paper, pushed down the board, rearranged the carpet, blew out the

+candles, and walked straight into my arms as I stood waiting for him

+outside the window.

+

+"Well, he has rather more viciousness than I gave him credit for, has

+Master Joseph. He flew at me with his knife, and I had to grasp him

+twice, and got a cut over the knuckles, before I had the upper hand of

+him. He looked murder out of the only eye he could see with when we had

+finished, but he listened to reason and gave up the papers. Having

+got them I let my man go, but I wired full particulars to Forbes this

+morning. If he is quick enough to catch his bird, well and good. But

+if, as I shrewdly suspect, he finds the nest empty before he gets there,

+why, all the better for the government. I fancy that Lord Holdhurst for

+one, and Mr. Percy Phelps for another, would very much rather that the

+affair never got as far as a police-court.

+

+"My God!" gasped our client. "Do you tell me that during these long ten

+weeks of agony the stolen papers were within the very room with me all

+the time?"

+

+"So it was."

+

+"And Joseph! Joseph a villain and a thief!"

+

+"Hum! I am afraid Joseph's character is a rather deeper and more

+dangerous one than one might judge from his appearance. From what I

+have heard from him this morning, I gather that he has lost heavily in

+dabbling with stocks, and that he is ready to do anything on earth to

+better his fortunes. Being an absolutely selfish man, when a chance

+presented itself he did not allow either his sister's happiness or your

+reputation to hold his hand."

+

+Percy Phelps sank back in his chair. "My head whirls," said he. "Your

+words have dazed me."

+

+"The principal difficulty in your case," remarked Holmes, in his

+didactic fashion, "lay in the fact of there being too much evidence.

+What was vital was overlaid and hidden by what was irrelevant. Of all

+the facts which were presented to us we had to pick just those which we

+deemed to be essential, and then piece them together in their order, so

+as to reconstruct this very remarkable chain of events. I had already

+begun to suspect Joseph, from the fact that you had intended to travel

+home with him that night, and that therefore it was a likely enough

+thing that he should call for you, knowing the Foreign Office well, upon

+his way. When I heard that some one had been so anxious to get into the

+bedroom, in which no one but Joseph could have concealed anything--you

+told us in your narrative how you had turned Joseph out when you arrived

+with the doctor--my suspicions all changed to certainties, especially as

+the attempt was made on the first night upon which the nurse was absent,

+showing that the intruder was well acquainted with the ways of the

+house."

+

+"How blind I have been!"

+

+"The facts of the case, as far as I have worked them out, are these:

+this Joseph Harrison entered the office through the Charles Street door,

+and knowing his way he walked straight into your room the instant after

+you left it. Finding no one there he promptly rang the bell, and at

+the instant that he did so his eyes caught the paper upon the table.

+A glance showed him that chance had put in his way a State document of

+immense value, and in an instant he had thrust it into his pocket and

+was gone. A few minutes elapsed, as you remember, before the sleepy

+commissionnaire drew your attention to the bell, and those were just

+enough to give the thief time to make his escape.

+

+"He made his way to Woking by the first train, and having examined his

+booty and assured himself that it really was of immense value, he

+had concealed it in what he thought was a very safe place, with the

+intention of taking it out again in a day or two, and carrying it to the

+French embassy, or wherever he thought that a long price was to be

+had. Then came your sudden return. He, without a moment's warning, was

+bundled out of his room, and from that time onward there were always at

+least two of you there to prevent him from regaining his treasure. The

+situation to him must have been a maddening one. But at last he thought

+he saw his chance. He tried to steal in, but was baffled by your

+wakefulness. You remember that you did not take your usual draught that

+night."

+

+"I remember."

+

+"I fancy that he had taken steps to make that draught efficacious,

+and that he quite relied upon your being unconscious. Of course, I

+understood that he would repeat the attempt whenever it could be done

+with safety. Your leaving the room gave him the chance he wanted. I kept

+Miss Harrison in it all day so that he might not anticipate us. Then,

+having given him the idea that the coast was clear, I kept guard as

+I have described. I already knew that the papers were probably in the

+room, but I had no desire to rip up all the planking and skirting in

+search of them. I let him take them, therefore, from the hiding-place,

+and so saved myself an infinity of trouble. Is there any other point

+which I can make clear?"

+

+"Why did he try the window on the first occasion," I asked, "when he

+might have entered by the door?"

+

+"In reaching the door he would have to pass seven bedrooms. On the other

+hand, he could get out on to the lawn with ease. Anything else?"

+

+"You do not think," asked Phelps, "that he had any murderous intention?

+The knife was only meant as a tool."

+

+"It may be so," answered Holmes, shrugging his shoulders. "I can only

+say for certain that Mr. Joseph Harrison is a gentleman to whose mercy I

+should be extremely unwilling to trust."

+

+

+

+

+Adventure XI. The Final Problem

+

+

+It is with a heavy heart that I take up my pen to write these the last

+words in which I shall ever record the singular gifts by which my friend

+Mr. Sherlock Holmes was distinguished. In an incoherent and, as I deeply

+feel, an entirely inadequate fashion, I have endeavored to give some

+account of my strange experiences in his company from the chance which

+first brought us together at the period of the "Study in Scarlet," up

+to the time of his interference in the matter of the "Naval Treaty"--an

+interference which had the unquestionable effect of preventing a serious

+international complication. It was my intention to have stopped there,

+and to have said nothing of that event which has created a void in my

+life which the lapse of two years has done little to fill. My hand

+has been forced, however, by the recent letters in which Colonel James

+Moriarty defends the memory of his brother, and I have no choice but to

+lay the facts before the public exactly as they occurred. I alone know

+the absolute truth of the matter, and I am satisfied that the time has

+come when no good purpose is to be served by its suppression. As far as

+I know, there have been only three accounts in the public press: that

+in the Journal de Geneve on May 6th, 1891, the Reuter's despatch in the

+English papers on May 7th, and finally the recent letter to which I have

+alluded. Of these the first and second were extremely condensed, while

+the last is, as I shall now show, an absolute perversion of the facts.

+It lies with me to tell for the first time what really took place

+between Professor Moriarty and Mr. Sherlock Holmes.

+

+It may be remembered that after my marriage, and my subsequent start in

+private practice, the very intimate relations which had existed between

+Holmes and myself became to some extent modified. He still came to me

+from time to time when he desired a companion in his investigation, but

+these occasions grew more and more seldom, until I find that in the year

+1890 there were only three cases of which I retain any record. During

+the winter of that year and the early spring of 1891, I saw in the

+papers that he had been engaged by the French government upon a matter

+of supreme importance, and I received two notes from Holmes, dated from

+Narbonne and from Nimes, from which I gathered that his stay in France

+was likely to be a long one. It was with some surprise, therefore, that

+I saw him walk into my consulting-room upon the evening of April 24th.

+It struck me that he was looking even paler and thinner than usual.

+

+"Yes, I have been using myself up rather too freely," he remarked, in

+answer to my look rather than to my words; "I have been a little pressed

+of late. Have you any objection to my closing your shutters?"

+

+The only light in the room came from the lamp upon the table at which I

+had been reading. Holmes edged his way round the wall and flinging the

+shutters together, he bolted them securely.

+

+"You are afraid of something?" I asked.

+

+"Well, I am."

+

+"Of what?"

+

+"Of air-guns."

+

+"My dear Holmes, what do you mean?"

+

+"I think that you know me well enough, Watson, to understand that I am

+by no means a nervous man. At the same time, it is stupidity rather than

+courage to refuse to recognize danger when it is close upon you. Might

+I trouble you for a match?" He drew in the smoke of his cigarette as if

+the soothing influence was grateful to him.

+

+"I must apologize for calling so late," said he, "and I must further beg

+you to be so unconventional as to allow me to leave your house presently

+by scrambling over your back garden wall."

+

+"But what does it all mean?" I asked.

+

+He held out his hand, and I saw in the light of the lamp that two of his

+knuckles were burst and bleeding.

+

+"It is not an airy nothing, you see," said he, smiling. "On the

+contrary, it is solid enough for a man to break his hand over. Is Mrs.

+Watson in?"

+

+"She is away upon a visit."

+

+"Indeed! You are alone?"

+

+"Quite."

+

+"Then it makes it the easier for me to propose that you should come away

+with me for a week to the Continent."

+

+"Where?"

+

+"Oh, anywhere. It's all the same to me."

+

+There was something very strange in all this. It was not Holmes's nature

+to take an aimless holiday, and something about his pale, worn face told

+me that his nerves were at their highest tension. He saw the question in

+my eyes, and, putting his finger-tips together and his elbows upon his

+knees, he explained the situation.

+

+"You have probably never heard of Professor Moriarty?" said he.

+

+"Never."

+

+"Aye, there's the genius and the wonder of the thing!" he cried. "The

+man pervades London, and no one has heard of him. That's what puts

+him on a pinnacle in the records of crime. I tell you, Watson, in all

+seriousness, that if I could beat that man, if I could free society

+of him, I should feel that my own career had reached its summit, and

+I should be prepared to turn to some more placid line in life. Between

+ourselves, the recent cases in which I have been of assistance to the

+royal family of Scandinavia, and to the French republic, have left me in

+such a position that I could continue to live in the quiet fashion

+which is most congenial to me, and to concentrate my attention upon my

+chemical researches. But I could not rest, Watson, I could not sit quiet

+in my chair, if I thought that such a man as Professor Moriarty were

+walking the streets of London unchallenged."

+

+"What has he done, then?"

+

+"His career has been an extraordinary one. He is a man of good birth and

+excellent education, endowed by nature with a phenomenal mathematical

+faculty. At the age of twenty-one he wrote a treatise upon the Binomial

+Theorem, which has had a European vogue. On the strength of it he won

+the Mathematical Chair at one of our smaller universities, and had, to

+all appearances, a most brilliant career before him. But the man had

+hereditary tendencies of the most diabolical kind. A criminal strain

+ran in his blood, which, instead of being modified, was increased and

+rendered infinitely more dangerous by his extraordinary mental powers.

+Dark rumors gathered round him in the university town, and eventually he

+was compelled to resign his chair and to come down to London, where he

+set up as an army coach. So much is known to the world, but what I am

+telling you now is what I have myself discovered.

+

+"As you are aware, Watson, there is no one who knows the higher criminal

+world of London so well as I do. For years past I have continually been

+conscious of some power behind the malefactor, some deep organizing

+power which forever stands in the way of the law, and throws its shield

+over the wrong-doer. Again and again in cases of the most varying

+sorts--forgery cases, robberies, murders--I have felt the presence of

+this force, and I have deduced its action in many of those undiscovered

+crimes in which I have not been personally consulted. For years I have

+endeavored to break through the veil which shrouded it, and at last

+the time came when I seized my thread and followed it, until it led

+me, after a thousand cunning windings, to ex-Professor Moriarty of

+mathematical celebrity.

+

+"He is the Napoleon of crime, Watson. He is the organizer of half that

+is evil and of nearly all that is undetected in this great city. He is a

+genius, a philosopher, an abstract thinker. He has a brain of the first

+order. He sits motionless, like a spider in the center of its web, but

+that web has a thousand radiations, and he knows well every quiver of

+each of them. He does little himself. He only plans. But his agents are

+numerous and splendidly organized. Is there a crime to be done, a

+paper to be abstracted, we will say, a house to be rifled, a man to be

+removed--the word is passed to the Professor, the matter is organized

+and carried out. The agent may be caught. In that case money is found

+for his bail or his defence. But the central power which uses the agent

+is never caught--never so much as suspected. This was the organization

+which I deduced, Watson, and which I devoted my whole energy to exposing

+and breaking up.

+

+"But the Professor was fenced round with safeguards so cunningly devised

+that, do what I would, it seemed impossible to get evidence which would

+convict in a court of law. You know my powers, my dear Watson, and yet

+at the end of three months I was forced to confess that I had at last

+met an antagonist who was my intellectual equal. My horror at his crimes

+was lost in my admiration at his skill. But at last he made a trip--only

+a little, little trip--but it was more than he could afford when I was

+so close upon him. I had my chance, and, starting from that point, I

+have woven my net round him until now it is all ready to close. In three

+days--that is to say, on Monday next--matters will be ripe, and the

+Professor, with all the principal members of his gang, will be in the

+hands of the police. Then will come the greatest criminal trial of the

+century, the clearing up of over forty mysteries, and the rope for all

+of them; but if we move at all prematurely, you understand, they may

+slip out of our hands even at the last moment.

+

+"Now, if I could have done this without the knowledge of Professor

+Moriarty, all would have been well. But he was too wily for that. He saw

+every step which I took to draw my toils round him. Again and again

+he strove to break away, but I as often headed him off. I tell you,

+my friend, that if a detailed account of that silent contest could

+be written, it would take its place as the most brilliant bit of

+thrust-and-parry work in the history of detection. Never have I risen to

+such a height, and never have I been so hard pressed by an opponent. He

+cut deep, and yet I just undercut him. This morning the last steps were

+taken, and three days only were wanted to complete the business. I was

+sitting in my room thinking the matter over, when the door opened and

+Professor Moriarty stood before me.

+

+"My nerves are fairly proof, Watson, but I must confess to a start when

+I saw the very man who had been so much in my thoughts standing there on

+my threshhold. His appearance was quite familiar to me. He is extremely

+tall and thin, his forehead domes out in a white curve, and his two

+eyes are deeply sunken in his head. He is clean-shaven, pale, and

+ascetic-looking, retaining something of the professor in his features.

+His shoulders are rounded from much study, and his face protrudes

+forward, and is forever slowly oscillating from side to side in a

+curiously reptilian fashion. He peered at me with great curiosity in his

+puckered eyes.

+

+"'You have less frontal development than I should have expected,' said

+he, at last. 'It is a dangerous habit to finger loaded firearms in the

+pocket of one's dressing-gown.'

+

+"The fact is that upon his entrance I had instantly recognized the

+extreme personal danger in which I lay. The only conceivable escape for

+him lay in silencing my tongue. In an instant I had slipped the revolver

+from the drawer into my pocket, and was covering him through the cloth.

+At his remark I drew the weapon out and laid it cocked upon the table.

+He still smiled and blinked, but there was something about his eyes

+which made me feel very glad that I had it there.

+

+"'You evidently don't know me,' said he.

+

+"'On the contrary,' I answered, 'I think it is fairly evident that I do.

+Pray take a chair. I can spare you five minutes if you have anything to

+say.'

+

+"'All that I have to say has already crossed your mind,' said he.

+

+"'Then possibly my answer has crossed yours,' I replied.

+

+"'You stand fast?'

+

+"'Absolutely.'

+

+"He clapped his hand into his pocket, and I raised the pistol from

+the table. But he merely drew out a memorandum-book in which he had

+scribbled some dates.

+

+"'You crossed my path on the 4th of January,' said he. 'On the 23d you

+incommoded me; by the middle of February I was seriously inconvenienced

+by you; at the end of March I was absolutely hampered in my plans; and

+now, at the close of April, I find myself placed in such a position

+through your continual persecution that I am in positive danger of

+losing my liberty. The situation is becoming an impossible one.'

+

+"'Have you any suggestion to make?' I asked.

+

+"'You must drop it, Mr. Holmes,' said he, swaying his face about. 'You

+really must, you know.'

+

+"'After Monday,' said I.

+

+"'Tut, tut,' said he. 'I am quite sure that a man of your intelligence

+will see that there can be but one outcome to this affair. It is

+necessary that you should withdraw. You have worked things in such a

+fashion that we have only one resource left. It has been an intellectual

+treat to me to see the way in which you have grappled with this affair,

+and I say, unaffectedly, that it would be a grief to me to be forced

+to take any extreme measure. You smile, sir, but I assure you that it

+really would.'

+

+"'Danger is part of my trade,' I remarked.

+

+"'That is not danger,' said he. 'It is inevitable destruction. You stand

+in the way not merely of an individual, but of a mighty organization,

+the full extent of which you, with all your cleverness, have been unable

+to realize. You must stand clear, Mr. Holmes, or be trodden under foot.'

+

+"'I am afraid,' said I, rising, 'that in the pleasure of this

+conversation I am neglecting business of importance which awaits me

+elsewhere.'

+

+"He rose also and looked at me in silence, shaking his head sadly.

+

+"'Well, well,' said he, at last. 'It seems a pity, but I have done

+what I could. I know every move of your game. You can do nothing before

+Monday. It has been a duel between you and me, Mr. Holmes. You hope to

+place me in the dock. I tell you that I will never stand in the dock.

+You hope to beat me. I tell you that you will never beat me. If you are

+clever enough to bring destruction upon me, rest assured that I shall do

+as much to you.'

+

+"'You have paid me several compliments, Mr. Moriarty,' said I. 'Let me

+pay you one in return when I say that if I were assured of the former

+eventuality I would, in the interests of the public, cheerfully accept

+the latter.'

+

+"'I can promise you the one, but not the other,' he snarled, and so

+turned his rounded back upon me, and went peering and blinking out of

+the room.

+

+"That was my singular interview with Professor Moriarty. I confess that

+it left an unpleasant effect upon my mind. His soft, precise fashion

+of speech leaves a conviction of sincerity which a mere bully could

+not produce. Of course, you will say: 'Why not take police precautions

+against him?' the reason is that I am well convinced that it is from his

+agents the blow will fall. I have the best proofs that it would be so."

+

+"You have already been assaulted?"

+

+"My dear Watson, Professor Moriarty is not a man who lets the grass grow

+under his feet. I went out about mid-day to transact some business in

+Oxford Street. As I passed the corner which leads from Bentinck Street

+on to the Welbeck Street crossing a two-horse van furiously driven

+whizzed round and was on me like a flash. I sprang for the foot-path

+and saved myself by the fraction of a second. The van dashed round by

+Marylebone Lane and was gone in an instant. I kept to the pavement after

+that, Watson, but as I walked down Vere Street a brick came down from

+the roof of one of the houses, and was shattered to fragments at my

+feet. I called the police and had the place examined. There were slates

+and bricks piled up on the roof preparatory to some repairs, and they

+would have me believe that the wind had toppled over one of these. Of

+course I knew better, but I could prove nothing. I took a cab after that

+and reached my brother's rooms in Pall Mall, where I spent the day. Now

+I have come round to you, and on my way I was attacked by a rough with a

+bludgeon. I knocked him down, and the police have him in custody; but

+I can tell you with the most absolute confidence that no possible

+connection will ever be traced between the gentleman upon whose front

+teeth I have barked my knuckles and the retiring mathematical coach, who

+is, I dare say, working out problems upon a black-board ten miles away.

+You will not wonder, Watson, that my first act on entering your rooms

+was to close your shutters, and that I have been compelled to ask your

+permission to leave the house by some less conspicuous exit than the

+front door."

+

+I had often admired my friend's courage, but never more than now, as he

+sat quietly checking off a series of incidents which must have combined

+to make up a day of horror.

+

+"You will spend the night here?" I said.

+

+"No, my friend, you might find me a dangerous guest. I have my plans

+laid, and all will be well. Matters have gone so far now that they can

+move without my help as far as the arrest goes, though my presence is

+necessary for a conviction. It is obvious, therefore, that I cannot do

+better than get away for the few days which remain before the police are

+at liberty to act. It would be a great pleasure to me, therefore, if you

+could come on to the Continent with me."

+

+"The practice is quiet," said I, "and I have an accommodating neighbor.

+I should be glad to come."

+

+"And to start to-morrow morning?"

+

+"If necessary."

+

+"Oh yes, it is most necessary. Then these are your instructions, and I

+beg, my dear Watson, that you will obey them to the letter, for you are

+now playing a double-handed game with me against the cleverest rogue and

+the most powerful syndicate of criminals in Europe. Now listen! You

+will dispatch whatever luggage you intend to take by a trusty messenger

+unaddressed to Victoria to-night. In the morning you will send for a

+hansom, desiring your man to take neither the first nor the second which

+may present itself. Into this hansom you will jump, and you will drive

+to the Strand end of the Lowther Arcade, handing the address to the

+cabman upon a slip of paper, with a request that he will not throw it

+away. Have your fare ready, and the instant that your cab stops,

+dash through the Arcade, timing yourself to reach the other side at a

+quarter-past nine. You will find a small brougham waiting close to the

+curb, driven by a fellow with a heavy black cloak tipped at the collar

+with red. Into this you will step, and you will reach Victoria in time

+for the Continental express."

+

+"Where shall I meet you?"

+

+"At the station. The second first-class carriage from the front will be

+reserved for us."

+

+"The carriage is our rendezvous, then?"

+

+"Yes."

+

+It was in vain that I asked Holmes to remain for the evening. It was

+evident to me that he thought he might bring trouble to the roof he was

+under, and that that was the motive which impelled him to go. With a few

+hurried words as to our plans for the morrow he rose and came out with

+me into the garden, clambering over the wall which leads into Mortimer

+Street, and immediately whistling for a hansom, in which I heard him

+drive away.

+

+In the morning I obeyed Holmes's injunctions to the letter. A hansom was

+procured with such precaution as would prevent its being one which was

+placed ready for us, and I drove immediately after breakfast to the

+Lowther Arcade, through which I hurried at the top of my speed. A

+brougham was waiting with a very massive driver wrapped in a dark cloak,

+who, the instant that I had stepped in, whipped up the horse and rattled

+off to Victoria Station. On my alighting there he turned the carriage,

+and dashed away again without so much as a look in my direction.

+

+So far all had gone admirably. My luggage was waiting for me, and I had

+no difficulty in finding the carriage which Holmes had indicated, the

+less so as it was the only one in the train which was marked "Engaged."

+My only source of anxiety now was the non-appearance of Holmes. The

+station clock marked only seven minutes from the time when we were

+due to start. In vain I searched among the groups of travellers and

+leave-takers for the lithe figure of my friend. There was no sign of

+him. I spent a few minutes in assisting a venerable Italian priest, who

+was endeavoring to make a porter understand, in his broken English,

+that his luggage was to be booked through to Paris. Then, having taken

+another look round, I returned to my carriage, where I found that the

+porter, in spite of the ticket, had given me my decrepit Italian friend

+as a traveling companion. It was useless for me to explain to him that

+his presence was an intrusion, for my Italian was even more limited than

+his English, so I shrugged my shoulders resignedly, and continued to

+look out anxiously for my friend. A chill of fear had come over me, as I

+thought that his absence might mean that some blow had fallen during the

+night. Already the doors had all been shut and the whistle blown, when--

+

+"My dear Watson," said a voice, "you have not even condescended to say

+good-morning."

+

+I turned in uncontrollable astonishment. The aged ecclesiastic had

+turned his face towards me. For an instant the wrinkles were smoothed

+away, the nose drew away from the chin, the lower lip ceased to protrude

+and the mouth to mumble, the dull eyes regained their fire, the drooping

+figure expanded. The next the whole frame collapsed again, and Holmes

+had gone as quickly as he had come.

+

+"Good heavens!" I cried; "how you startled me!"

+

+"Every precaution is still necessary," he whispered. "I have reason to

+think that they are hot upon our trail. Ah, there is Moriarty himself."

+

+The train had already begun to move as Holmes spoke. Glancing back, I

+saw a tall man pushing his way furiously through the crowd, and waving

+his hand as if he desired to have the train stopped. It was too late,

+however, for we were rapidly gathering momentum, and an instant later

+had shot clear of the station.

+

+"With all our precautions, you see that we have cut it rather fine,"

+said Holmes, laughing. He rose, and throwing off the black cassock and

+hat which had formed his disguise, he packed them away in a hand-bag.

+

+"Have you seen the morning paper, Watson?"

+

+"No."

+

+"You haven't' seen about Baker Street, then?"

+

+"Baker Street?"

+

+"They set fire to our rooms last night. No great harm was done."

+

+"Good heavens, Holmes! this is intolerable."

+

+"They must have lost my track completely after their bludgeon-man was

+arrested. Otherwise they could not have imagined that I had returned

+to my rooms. They have evidently taken the precaution of watching you,

+however, and that is what has brought Moriarty to Victoria. You could

+not have made any slip in coming?"

+

+"I did exactly what you advised."

+

+"Did you find your brougham?"

+

+"Yes, it was waiting."

+

+"Did you recognize your coachman?"

+

+"No."

+

+"It was my brother Mycroft. It is an advantage to get about in such a

+case without taking a mercenary into your confidence. But we must plan

+what we are to do about Moriarty now."

+

+"As this is an express, and as the boat runs in connection with it, I

+should think we have shaken him off very effectively."

+

+"My dear Watson, you evidently did not realize my meaning when I said

+that this man may be taken as being quite on the same intellectual plane

+as myself. You do not imagine that if I were the pursuer I should allow

+myself to be baffled by so slight an obstacle. Why, then, should you

+think so meanly of him?"

+

+"What will he do?"

+

+"What I should do?"

+

+"What would you do, then?"

+

+"Engage a special."

+

+"But it must be late."

+

+"By no means. This train stops at Canterbury; and there is always at

+least a quarter of an hour's delay at the boat. He will catch us there."

+

+"One would think that we were the criminals. Let us have him arrested on

+his arrival."

+

+"It would be to ruin the work of three months. We should get the big

+fish, but the smaller would dart right and left out of the net. On

+Monday we should have them all. No, an arrest is inadmissible."

+

+"What then?"

+

+"We shall get out at Canterbury."

+

+"And then?"

+

+"Well, then we must make a cross-country journey to Newhaven, and so

+over to Dieppe. Moriarty will again do what I should do. He will get on

+to Paris, mark down our luggage, and wait for two days at the depot.

+In the meantime we shall treat ourselves to a couple of carpet-bags,

+encourage the manufactures of the countries through which we travel, and

+make our way at our leisure into Switzerland, via Luxembourg and Basle."

+

+At Canterbury, therefore, we alighted, only to find that we should have

+to wait an hour before we could get a train to Newhaven.

+

+I was still looking rather ruefully after the rapidly disappearing

+luggage-van which contained my wardrobe, when Holmes pulled my sleeve

+and pointed up the line.

+

+"Already, you see," said he.

+

+Far away, from among the Kentish woods there rose a thin spray of smoke.

+A minute later a carriage and engine could be seen flying along the open

+curve which leads to the station. We had hardly time to take our place

+behind a pile of luggage when it passed with a rattle and a roar,

+beating a blast of hot air into our faces.

+

+"There he goes," said Holmes, as we watched the carriage swing and

+rock over the points. "There are limits, you see, to our friend's

+intelligence. It would have been a coup-de-maitre had he deduced what I

+would deduce and acted accordingly."

+

+"And what would he have done had he overtaken us?"

+

+"There cannot be the least doubt that he would have made a murderous

+attack upon me. It is, however, a game at which two may play. The

+question now is whether we should take a premature lunch here, or run

+our chance of starving before we reach the buffet at Newhaven."

+

+

+We made our way to Brussels that night and spent two days there, moving

+on upon the third day as far as Strasburg. On the Monday morning Holmes

+had telegraphed to the London police, and in the evening we found a

+reply waiting for us at our hotel. Holmes tore it open, and then with a

+bitter curse hurled it into the grate.

+

+"I might have known it!" he groaned. "He has escaped!"

+

+"Moriarty?"

+

+"They have secured the whole gang with the exception of him. He has

+given them the slip. Of course, when I had left the country there was no

+one to cope with him. But I did think that I had put the game in their

+hands. I think that you had better return to England, Watson."

+

+"Why?"

+

+"Because you will find me a dangerous companion now. This man's

+occupation is gone. He is lost if he returns to London. If I read his

+character right he will devote his whole energies to revenging himself

+upon me. He said as much in our short interview, and I fancy that he

+meant it. I should certainly recommend you to return to your practice."

+

+It was hardly an appeal to be successful with one who was an

+old campaigner as well as an old friend. We sat in the Strasburg

+salle-à-manger arguing the question for half an hour, but the same night

+we had resumed our journey and were well on our way to Geneva.

+

+For a charming week we wandered up the Valley of the Rhone, and then,

+branching off at Leuk, we made our way over the Gemmi Pass, still deep

+in snow, and so, by way of Interlaken, to Meiringen. It was a lovely

+trip, the dainty green of the spring below, the virgin white of the

+winter above; but it was clear to me that never for one instant did

+Holmes forget the shadow which lay across him. In the homely Alpine

+villages or in the lonely mountain passes, I could tell by his quick

+glancing eyes and his sharp scrutiny of every face that passed us,

+that he was well convinced that, walk where we would, we could not walk

+ourselves clear of the danger which was dogging our footsteps.

+

+Once, I remember, as we passed over the Gemmi, and walked along

+the border of the melancholy Daubensee, a large rock which had been

+dislodged from the ridge upon our right clattered down and roared into

+the lake behind us. In an instant Holmes had raced up on to the ridge,

+and, standing upon a lofty pinnacle, craned his neck in every direction.

+It was in vain that our guide assured him that a fall of stones was a

+common chance in the spring-time at that spot. He said nothing, but

+he smiled at me with the air of a man who sees the fulfillment of that

+which he had expected.

+

+And yet for all his watchfulness he was never depressed. On the

+contrary, I can never recollect having seen him in such exuberant

+spirits. Again and again he recurred to the fact that if he could

+be assured that society was freed from Professor Moriarty he would

+cheerfully bring his own career to a conclusion.

+

+"I think that I may go so far as to say, Watson, that I have not lived

+wholly in vain," he remarked. "If my record were closed to-night I could

+still survey it with equanimity. The air of London is the sweeter for my

+presence. In over a thousand cases I am not aware that I have ever used

+my powers upon the wrong side. Of late I have been tempted to look into

+the problems furnished by nature rather than those more superficial ones

+for which our artificial state of society is responsible. Your memoirs

+will draw to an end, Watson, upon the day that I crown my career by

+the capture or extinction of the most dangerous and capable criminal in

+Europe."

+

+I shall be brief, and yet exact, in the little which remains for me to

+tell. It is not a subject on which I would willingly dwell, and yet I am

+conscious that a duty devolves upon me to omit no detail.

+

+It was on the 3d of May that we reached the little village of Meiringen,

+where we put up at the Englischer Hof, then kept by Peter Steiler the

+elder. Our landlord was an intelligent man, and spoke excellent English,

+having served for three years as waiter at the Grosvenor Hotel in

+London. At his advice, on the afternoon of the 4th we set off together,

+with the intention of crossing the hills and spending the night at the

+hamlet of Rosenlaui. We had strict injunctions, however, on no account

+to pass the falls of Reichenbach, which are about half-way up the hill,

+without making a small detour to see them.

+

+It is indeed, a fearful place. The torrent, swollen by the melting snow,

+plunges into a tremendous abyss, from which the spray rolls up like the

+smoke from a burning house. The shaft into which the river hurls itself

+is an immense chasm, lined by glistening coal-black rock, and narrowing

+into a creaming, boiling pit of incalculable depth, which brims over and

+shoots the stream onward over its jagged lip. The long sweep of green

+water roaring forever down, and the thick flickering curtain of spray

+hissing forever upward, turn a man giddy with their constant whirl and

+clamor. We stood near the edge peering down at the gleam of the breaking

+water far below us against the black rocks, and listening to the

+half-human shout which came booming up with the spray out of the abyss.

+

+The path has been cut half-way round the fall to afford a complete view,

+but it ends abruptly, and the traveler has to return as he came. We had

+turned to do so, when we saw a Swiss lad come running along it with

+a letter in his hand. It bore the mark of the hotel which we had just

+left, and was addressed to me by the landlord. It appeared that within a

+very few minutes of our leaving, an English lady had arrived who was in

+the last stage of consumption. She had wintered at Davos Platz, and was

+journeying now to join her friends at Lucerne, when a sudden hemorrhage

+had overtaken her. It was thought that she could hardly live a few

+hours, but it would be a great consolation to her to see an English

+doctor, and, if I would only return, etc. The good Steiler assured me

+in a postscript that he would himself look upon my compliance as a very

+great favor, since the lady absolutely refused to see a Swiss physician,

+and he could not but feel that he was incurring a great responsibility.

+

+The appeal was one which could not be ignored. It was impossible to

+refuse the request of a fellow-countrywoman dying in a strange land. Yet

+I had my scruples about leaving Holmes. It was finally agreed, however,

+that he should retain the young Swiss messenger with him as guide and

+companion while I returned to Meiringen. My friend would stay some

+little time at the fall, he said, and would then walk slowly over the

+hill to Rosenlaui, where I was to rejoin him in the evening. As I turned

+away I saw Holmes, with his back against a rock and his arms folded,

+gazing down at the rush of the waters. It was the last that I was ever

+destined to see of him in this world.

+

+When I was near the bottom of the descent I looked back. It was

+impossible, from that position, to see the fall, but I could see the

+curving path which winds over the shoulder of the hill and leads to it.

+Along this a man was, I remember, walking very rapidly.

+

+I could see his black figure clearly outlined against the green behind

+him. I noted him, and the energy with which he walked but he passed from

+my mind again as I hurried on upon my errand.

+

+It may have been a little over an hour before I reached Meiringen. Old

+Steiler was standing at the porch of his hotel.

+

+"Well," said I, as I came hurrying up, "I trust that she is no worse?"

+

+A look of surprise passed over his face, and at the first quiver of his

+eyebrows my heart turned to lead in my breast.

+

+"You did not write this?" I said, pulling the letter from my pocket.

+"There is no sick Englishwoman in the hotel?"

+

+"Certainly not!" he cried. "But it has the hotel mark upon it! Ha, it

+must have been written by that tall Englishman who came in after you had

+gone. He said--"

+

+But I waited for none of the landlord's explanations. In a tingle of

+fear I was already running down the village street, and making for the

+path which I had so lately descended. It had taken me an hour to come

+down. For all my efforts two more had passed before I found myself at

+the fall of Reichenbach once more. There was Holmes's Alpine-stock still

+leaning against the rock by which I had left him. But there was no sign

+of him, and it was in vain that I shouted. My only answer was my own

+voice reverberating in a rolling echo from the cliffs around me.

+

+It was the sight of that Alpine-stock which turned me cold and sick.

+He had not gone to Rosenlaui, then. He had remained on that three-foot

+path, with sheer wall on one side and sheer drop on the other, until his

+enemy had overtaken him. The young Swiss had gone too. He had probably

+been in the pay of Moriarty, and had left the two men together. And then

+what had happened? Who was to tell us what had happened then?

+

+I stood for a minute or two to collect myself, for I was dazed with the

+horror of the thing. Then I began to think of Holmes's own methods and

+to try to practise them in reading this tragedy. It was, alas, only too

+easy to do. During our conversation we had not gone to the end of the

+path, and the Alpine-stock marked the place where we had stood. The

+blackish soil is kept forever soft by the incessant drift of spray,

+and a bird would leave its tread upon it. Two lines of footmarks were

+clearly marked along the farther end of the path, both leading away from

+me. There were none returning. A few yards from the end the soil was

+all ploughed up into a patch of mud, and the branches and ferns which

+fringed the chasm were torn and bedraggled. I lay upon my face and

+peered over with the spray spouting up all around me. It had darkened

+since I left, and now I could only see here and there the glistening of

+moisture upon the black walls, and far away down at the end of the shaft

+the gleam of the broken water. I shouted; but only the same half-human

+cry of the fall was borne back to my ears.

+

+But it was destined that I should after all have a last word of greeting

+from my friend and comrade. I have said that his Alpine-stock had been

+left leaning against a rock which jutted on to the path. From the top of

+this bowlder the gleam of something bright caught my eye, and, raising

+my hand, I found that it came from the silver cigarette-case which he

+used to carry. As I took it up a small square of paper upon which it

+had lain fluttered down on to the ground. Unfolding it, I found that it

+consisted of three pages torn from his note-book and addressed to me. It

+was characteristic of the man that the direction was a precise, and the

+writing as firm and clear, as though it had been written in his study.

+

+My dear Watson [it said], I write these few lines through the courtesy

+of Mr. Moriarty, who awaits my convenience for the final discussion of

+those questions which lie between us. He has been giving me a sketch

+of the methods by which he avoided the English police and kept himself

+informed of our movements. They certainly confirm the very high opinion

+which I had formed of his abilities. I am pleased to think that I shall

+be able to free society from any further effects of his presence, though

+I fear that it is at a cost which will give pain to my friends, and

+especially, my dear Watson, to you. I have already explained to you,

+however, that my career had in any case reached its crisis, and that

+no possible conclusion to it could be more congenial to me than this.

+Indeed, if I may make a full confession to you, I was quite convinced

+that the letter from Meiringen was a hoax, and I allowed you to depart

+on that errand under the persuasion that some development of this sort

+would follow. Tell Inspector Patterson that the papers which he needs

+to convict the gang are in pigeonhole M., done up in a blue envelope

+and inscribed "Moriarty." I made every disposition of my property before

+leaving England, and handed it to my brother Mycroft. Pray give my

+greetings to Mrs. Watson, and believe me to be, my dear fellow,

+

+Very sincerely yours,

+

+Sherlock Holmes

+

+

+A few words may suffice to tell the little that remains. An examination

+by experts leaves little doubt that a personal contest between the two

+men ended, as it could hardly fail to end in such a situation, in their

+reeling over, locked in each other's arms. Any attempt at recovering the

+bodies was absolutely hopeless, and there, deep down in that dreadful

+caldron of swirling water and seething foam, will lie for all time the

+most dangerous criminal and the foremost champion of the law of their

+generation. The Swiss youth was never found again, and there can be no

+doubt that he was one of the numerous agents whom Moriarty kept in this

+employ. As to the gang, it will be within the memory of the public

+how completely the evidence which Holmes had accumulated exposed their

+organization, and how heavily the hand of the dead man weighed

+upon them. Of their terrible chief few details came out during the

+proceedings, and if I have now been compelled to make a clear statement

+of his career it is due to those injudicious champions who have

+endeavored to clear his memory by attacks upon him whom I shall ever

+regard as the best and the wisest man whom I have ever known.

+

+

+

+

+

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+Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

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diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/job/wordcount/wordcount.job b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/job/wordcount/wordcount.job
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a008c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/job/wordcount/wordcount.job
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+mapred.input.dir=data/file1.txt
+mapred.output.dir=output
+mapred.job.name=wordcount(static)
+mapred.mapper.class=edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.wordcount.WordCount$Map
+mapred.combiner.class=edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.wordcount.WordCount$Reduce
+mapred.reducer.class=edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.wordcount.WordCount$Reduce
+mapred.input.format.class=org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat
+mapred.output.format.class=org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextOutputFormat
+mapred.mapoutput.key.class=org.apache.hadoop.io.Text
+mapred.mapoutput.value.class=org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable
+mapred.output.key.class=org.apache.hadoop.io.Text
+mapred.output.value.class=org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/pom.xml b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e21cff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
+  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+  <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat</groupId>
+  <artifactId>hadoopcompatapp</artifactId>
+  <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+
+  <parent>
+    <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples</groupId>
+    <artifactId>hadoop-compat-example</artifactId>
+    <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  </parent>
+
+  <build>
+    <plugins>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>copy-dependencies</id>
+            <phase>package</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
+            </goals>
+            <configuration>
+              <outputDirectory>target/application/lib</outputDirectory>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>2.2-beta-5</version>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <configuration>
+              <descriptors>
+                <descriptor>src/main/assembly/app-assembly.xml</descriptor>
+              </descriptors>
+            </configuration>
+            <phase>package</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>attached</goal>
+            </goals>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+      	<groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks</groupId>
+      	<artifactId>hyracks-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+      	<version>0.0.1</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <hyracksServerHome>${basedir}/../../../hyracks-server/target/hyracks-server-${project.version}-binary-assembly</hyracksServerHome>
+          <hyracksCLIHome>${basedir}/../../../hyracks-cli/target/hyracks-cli-${project.version}-binary-assembly</hyracksCLIHome>
+        </configuration>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>hyracks-cc-start</id>
+            <phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>start-cc</goal>
+            </goals>
+            <configuration>
+	      <workingDir>${project.build.directory}</workingDir>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+          <execution>
+            <id>hyracks-nc1-start</id>
+            <phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>start-nc</goal>
+            </goals>
+            <configuration>
+              <nodeId>NC1</nodeId>
+              <dataIpAddress>127.0.0.1</dataIpAddress>
+              <ccHost>localhost</ccHost>
+	      <workingDir>${project.build.directory}</workingDir>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+          <execution>
+            <id>hyracks-nc2-start</id>
+            <phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>start-nc</goal>
+            </goals>
+            <configuration>
+              <nodeId>NC2</nodeId>
+              <dataIpAddress>127.0.0.1</dataIpAddress>
+              <ccHost>localhost</ccHost>
+	      <workingDir>${project.build.directory}</workingDir>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+          <execution>
+            <id>deploy-app</id>
+            <phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>deploy-app</goal>
+            </goals>
+            <configuration>
+              <ccHost>localhost</ccHost>
+              <appName>compat</appName>
+              <harFile>${project.build.directory}/hadoopcompatapp-${project.version}-app-assembly.zip</harFile>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+	     <execution>
+	       <id>stop-services</id>
+	       <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
+	       <goals>
+	         <goal>stop-services</goal>
+	       </goals>
+             </execution>
+          </executions>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+      	<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+      	<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+      	<version>2.0.2</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <source>1.6</source>
+          <target>1.6</target>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+      	<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+      	<artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
+      	<version>2.8.1</version>
+      	<executions>
+      	  <execution>
+      	    <id>it</id>
+      	    <phase>integration-test</phase>
+      	    <goals>
+      	      <goal>integration-test</goal>
+      	    </goals>
+      	  </execution>
+      	</executions>
+      </plugin>
+    </plugins>
+  </build>
+  <dependencies>
+     <dependency>
+        <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat</groupId>
+        <artifactId>hadoopcompathelper</artifactId>
+        <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <scope>compile</scope>
+     </dependency>
+     <dependency>
+        <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat</groupId>
+  	    <artifactId>hadoopcompatclient</artifactId>
+  	    <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  	    <type>jar</type>
+  	    <scope>test</scope>
+     </dependency>
+     <dependency>
+  	    <groupId>junit</groupId>
+  	    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+  	    <version>4.8.2</version>
+  	    <type>jar</type>
+  	    <scope>test</scope>
+     </dependency>
+  </dependencies>
+</project>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/main/assembly/app-assembly.xml b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/main/assembly/app-assembly.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43ace6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/main/assembly/app-assembly.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<assembly>
+  <id>app-assembly</id>
+  <formats>
+    <format>zip</format>
+  </formats>
+  <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
+  <fileSets>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>target/application/lib</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
+    </fileSet>
+  </fileSets>
+</assembly>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/.classpath b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/.classpath
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed53773
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/.classpath
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<classpath>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" path="src"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" path="compat-client"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="output" path="bin"/>
+</classpath>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/.project b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/.project
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7054f52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/.project
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<projectDescription>
+	<name>compat-app</name>
+	<comment></comment>
+	<projects>
+	</projects>
+	<buildSpec>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+	</buildSpec>
+	<natures>
+		<nature>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature</nature>
+	</natures>
+</projectDescription>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/compat/test/WordCountCompatibilityIT.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/compat/test/WordCountCompatibilityIT.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2a8994
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatapp/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/compat/test/WordCountCompatibilityIT.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat.test;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat.client.WordCountCompatibility;
+
+public class WordCountCompatibilityIT {
+    @Test
+    public void runWordCount() throws Exception {
+        WordCountCompatibility.main(new String[] { "-cluster", getClusterConf(), "-jobFiles", getWordCountJobFile(),
+                "-applicationName", "compat" });
+    }
+
+    private String getClusterConf() {
+        return new File("conf/local_cluster.conf").getAbsolutePath();
+    }
+
+    private String getWordCountJobFile() {
+        return new File("job/wordcount/wordcount.job").getAbsolutePath();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.classpath b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.classpath
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f3c1ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.classpath
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<classpath>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" output="target/classes" path="src/main/java"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/JavaSE-1.6"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.maven.ide.eclipse.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="output" path="target/classes"/>
+</classpath>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.project b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.project
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04307d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.project
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<projectDescription>
+	<name>textclient</name>
+	<comment></comment>
+	<projects>
+	</projects>
+	<buildSpec>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.maven.ide.eclipse.maven2Builder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+	</buildSpec>
+	<natures>
+		<nature>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature</nature>
+		<nature>org.maven.ide.eclipse.maven2Nature</nature>
+	</natures>
+</projectDescription>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8599738
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#Tue Sep 28 14:37:42 PDT 2010
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.targetPlatform=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.compliance=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.forbiddenReference=warning
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.source=1.6
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4562b1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#Tue Sep 28 14:37:42 PDT 2010
+activeProfiles=
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+fullBuildGoals=process-test-resources
+includeModules=false
+resolveWorkspaceProjects=true
+resourceFilterGoals=process-resources resources\:testResources
+skipCompilerPlugin=true
+version=1
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/pom.xml b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6f222c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
+  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+  <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat</groupId>
+  <artifactId>hadoopcompatclient</artifactId>
+  <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+
+  <parent>
+    <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples</groupId>
+    <artifactId>hadoop-compat-example</artifactId>
+    <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  </parent>
+
+  <dependencies>
+  	<dependency>
+  		<groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks</groupId>
+  		<artifactId>hyracks-dataflow-std</artifactId>
+  		<version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  		<scope>compile</scope>
+  	</dependency>
+  	<dependency>
+  		<groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat</groupId>
+  		<artifactId>hadoopcompathelper</artifactId>
+  		<version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  		<type>jar</type>
+  		<scope>compile</scope>
+  	</dependency>
+  </dependencies>
+  <build>
+    <plugins>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>2.0.2</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <source>1.6</source>
+          <target>1.6</target>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
+        <artifactId>appassembler-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <configuration>
+              <programs>
+                <program>
+                  <mainClass>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat.client.WordCountCompatibility</mainClass>
+                  <name>hadoopcompatclient</name>
+                </program>
+              </programs>
+              <repositoryLayout>flat</repositoryLayout>
+              <repositoryName>lib</repositoryName>
+            </configuration>
+            <phase>package</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>assemble</goal>
+            </goals>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>2.2-beta-5</version>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <configuration>
+              <descriptors>
+                <descriptor>src/main/assembly/binary-assembly.xml</descriptor>
+              </descriptors>
+            </configuration>
+            <phase>package</phase>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>attached</goal>
+            </goals>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+    </plugins>
+  </build>
+</project>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/src/main/assembly/binary-assembly.xml b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/src/main/assembly/binary-assembly.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0500499
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/src/main/assembly/binary-assembly.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<assembly>
+  <id>binary-assembly</id>
+  <formats>
+    <format>zip</format>
+    <format>dir</format>
+  </formats>
+  <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
+  <fileSets>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>target/appassembler/bin</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>bin</outputDirectory>
+      <fileMode>0755</fileMode>
+    </fileSet>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>target/appassembler/lib</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
+    </fileSet>
+  </fileSets>
+</assembly>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/compat/client/WordCountCompatibility.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/compat/client/WordCountCompatibility.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da33c14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompatclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/compat/client/WordCountCompatibility.java
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat.client;
+
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.hadoop.compat.driver.CompatibilityLayer;
+
+public class WordCountCompatibility {
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+        CompatibilityLayer.main(args);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.classpath b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.classpath
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f3c1ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.classpath
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<classpath>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" output="target/classes" path="src/main/java"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/JavaSE-1.6"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="org.maven.ide.eclipse.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="output" path="target/classes"/>
+</classpath>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.project b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.project
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19ce234
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.project
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<projectDescription>
+	<name>texthelper</name>
+	<comment></comment>
+	<projects>
+	</projects>
+	<buildSpec>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.maven.ide.eclipse.maven2Builder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+	</buildSpec>
+	<natures>
+		<nature>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature</nature>
+		<nature>org.maven.ide.eclipse.maven2Nature</nature>
+	</natures>
+</projectDescription>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8599738
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#Tue Sep 28 14:37:42 PDT 2010
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.targetPlatform=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.compliance=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.forbiddenReference=warning
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.source=1.6
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4562b1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/.settings/org.maven.ide.eclipse.prefs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#Tue Sep 28 14:37:42 PDT 2010
+activeProfiles=
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+fullBuildGoals=process-test-resources
+includeModules=false
+resolveWorkspaceProjects=true
+resourceFilterGoals=process-resources resources\:testResources
+skipCompilerPlugin=true
+version=1
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/pom.xml b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49090ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
+  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+  <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.compat</groupId>
+  <artifactId>hadoopcompathelper</artifactId>
+  <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+
+  <parent>
+    <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples</groupId>
+    <artifactId>hadoop-compat-example</artifactId>
+    <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  </parent>
+
+  <dependencies>
+  	<dependency>
+  		<groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks</groupId>
+  		<artifactId>hyracks-dataflow-std</artifactId>
+  		<version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  		<scope>compile</scope>
+  	</dependency>
+  	<dependency>
+  		<groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks</groupId>
+  		<artifactId>hyracks-api</artifactId>
+  		<version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  		<scope>compile</scope>
+  	</dependency>
+  </dependencies>
+  <build>
+    <plugins>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>2.0.2</version>
+        <configuration>
+          <source>1.6</source>
+          <target>1.6</target>
+        </configuration>
+      </plugin>
+    </plugins>
+  </build>
+</project>
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/wordcount/WordCount.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/wordcount/WordCount.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a6ac3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/hadoopcompathelper/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/wordcount/WordCount.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2009-2010 by The Regents of the University of California
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * you may obtain a copy of the License from
+ * 
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ * 
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples.wordcount;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.StringTokenizer;
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
+import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
+import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.MapReduceBase;
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Mapper;
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.OutputCollector;
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reducer;
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.Reporter;
+
+public class WordCount implements Serializable {
+    public static class Map extends MapReduceBase implements Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable>,
+            Serializable {
+
+        private final static IntWritable ONE = new IntWritable(1);
+        private Text word = new Text();
+
+        public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output, Reporter reporter)
+                throws IOException {
+            String line = value.toString();
+            StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);
+            while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
+                String token = tokenizer.nextToken();
+                word.set(token);
+                output.collect(word, ONE);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Reduce extends MapReduceBase implements Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable>,
+            Serializable {
+
+        public void reduce(Text key, Iterator<IntWritable> values, OutputCollector<Text, IntWritable> output,
+                Reporter reporter) throws IOException {
+            int sum = 0;
+            while (values.hasNext()) {
+                sum += values.next().get();
+            }
+            output.collect(key, new IntWritable(sum));
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/pom.xml b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2a08ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hadoop-compat-example/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
+  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+  <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks.examples</groupId>
+  <artifactId>hadoop-compat-example</artifactId>
+  <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  <packaging>pom</packaging>
+
+  <parent>
+    <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks</groupId>
+    <artifactId>hyracks-examples</artifactId>
+    <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  </parent>
+
+  <modules>
+    <module>hadoopcompathelper</module>
+    <module>hadoopcompatclient</module>
+    <module>hadoopcompatapp</module>
+  </modules>
+
+  <dependencies>
+      <dependency>
+         <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
+         <artifactId>hadoop-core</artifactId>
+         <version>0.20.2</version>
+         <type>jar</type>
+         <scope>compile</scope>
+      </dependency>
+
+      <dependency>
+         <groupId>edu.uci.ics.hyracks</groupId>
+         <artifactId>hyracks-hadoop-compat</artifactId>
+         <version>0.1.6-SNAPSHOT</version>
+         <type>jar</type>
+         <scope>compile</scope>
+      </dependency>
+  </dependencies>
+</project>