diff --git a/algebricks/algebricks-core/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/algebricks/core/algebra/metadata/IMetadataProvider.java b/algebricks/algebricks-core/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/algebricks/core/algebra/metadata/IMetadataProvider.java
index 129201d..c71b352 100644
--- a/algebricks/algebricks-core/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/algebricks/core/algebra/metadata/IMetadataProvider.java
+++ b/algebricks/algebricks-core/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/algebricks/core/algebra/metadata/IMetadataProvider.java
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
     /**
      * Creates the insert runtime of IndexInsertDeletePOperator, which models
      * insert/delete operations into a secondary index.
-     *
+     * 
      * @param dataSource
      *            Target secondary index.
      * @param propagatedSchema
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
     /**
      * Creates the delete runtime of IndexInsertDeletePOperator, which models
      * insert/delete operations into a secondary index.
-     *
+     * 
      * @param dataSource
      *            Target secondary index.
      * @param propagatedSchema
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
      * Creates the TokenizeOperator for IndexInsertDeletePOperator, which tokenizes
      * secondary key into [token, number of token] pair in a length-partitioned index.
      * In case of non length-partitioned index, it tokenizes secondary key into [token].
-     *
+     * 
      * @param dataSource
      *            Target secondary index.
      * @param propagatedSchema
@@ -182,8 +182,8 @@
     public Pair<IOperatorDescriptor, AlgebricksPartitionConstraint> getTokenizerRuntime(
             IDataSourceIndex<I, S> dataSource, IOperatorSchema propagatedSchema, IOperatorSchema[] inputSchemas,
             IVariableTypeEnvironment typeEnv, List<LogicalVariable> primaryKeys, List<LogicalVariable> secondaryKeys,
-            ILogicalExpression filterExpr, RecordDescriptor recordDesc,
-            JobGenContext context, JobSpecification spec, boolean bulkload) throws AlgebricksException;
+            ILogicalExpression filterExpr, RecordDescriptor recordDesc, JobGenContext context, JobSpecification spec,
+            boolean bulkload) throws AlgebricksException;
 
     public IDataSourceIndex<I, S> findDataSourceIndex(I indexId, S dataSourceId) throws AlgebricksException;
 
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-dataflow-std/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/dataflow/std/file/FileSplit.java b/hyracks/hyracks-dataflow-std/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/dataflow/std/file/FileSplit.java
index 0a7ffa2..8d1e370 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-dataflow-std/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/dataflow/std/file/FileSplit.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-dataflow-std/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/dataflow/std/file/FileSplit.java
@@ -55,4 +55,9 @@
     public int getIODeviceId() {
         return ioDeviceId;
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return file.toString();
+    }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/InsertPipelineExample.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/InsertPipelineExample.java
index a18d496..499d63f 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/InsertPipelineExample.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/InsertPipelineExample.java
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 
 // This example will insert tuples into the primary and secondary index using an insert pipeline
 
-public class InsertPipelineExample { 
+public class InsertPipelineExample {
     private static class Options {
         @Option(name = "-host", usage = "Hyracks Cluster Controller Host name", required = true)
         public String host;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
 
         @Option(name = "-secondary-btreename", usage = "B-Tree file name of secondary index", required = true)
         public String secondaryBTreeName;
-        
+
         @Option(name = "-frame-size", usage = "Hyracks frame size (default: 32768)", required = false)
         public int frameSize = 32768;
     }
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
                                                         // B-Tree tuple, etc.        
         IFileSplitProvider primarySplitProvider = JobHelper.createFileSplitProvider(splitNCs, options.primaryBTreeName);
 
-        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory();
+        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(true);
 
         // create operator descriptor
         TreeIndexInsertUpdateDeleteOperatorDescriptor primaryInsert = new TreeIndexInsertUpdateDeleteOperatorDescriptor(
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/PrimaryIndexBulkLoadExample.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/PrimaryIndexBulkLoadExample.java
index 3ea0ad9..ea0b28f 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/PrimaryIndexBulkLoadExample.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/PrimaryIndexBulkLoadExample.java
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@
                                                  // to field 0 of B-Tree tuple,
                                                  // etc.
         IFileSplitProvider btreeSplitProvider = JobHelper.createFileSplitProvider(splitNCs, options.btreeName);
-        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory();
+        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(true);
         TreeIndexBulkLoadOperatorDescriptor btreeBulkLoad = new TreeIndexBulkLoadOperatorDescriptor(spec, recDesc,
                 storageManager, lcManagerProvider, btreeSplitProvider, typeTraits, comparatorFactories, null,
                 fieldPermutation, 0.7f, false, 1000L, true, dataflowHelperFactory);
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/PrimaryIndexSearchExample.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/PrimaryIndexSearchExample.java
index 9029b2e..8b9eed3 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/PrimaryIndexSearchExample.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/PrimaryIndexSearchExample.java
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
                                      // into search op
 
         IFileSplitProvider btreeSplitProvider = JobHelper.createFileSplitProvider(splitNCs, options.btreeName);
-        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory();
+        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(true);
         BTreeSearchOperatorDescriptor btreeSearchOp = new BTreeSearchOperatorDescriptor(spec, recDesc, storageManager,
                 lcManagerProvider, btreeSplitProvider, typeTraits, comparatorFactories, null, lowKeyFields,
                 highKeyFields, true, true, dataflowHelperFactory, false, false, null,
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/SecondaryIndexBulkLoadExample.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/SecondaryIndexBulkLoadExample.java
index 62d0487..6ad0a63 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/SecondaryIndexBulkLoadExample.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/SecondaryIndexBulkLoadExample.java
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
 
         // use a disk-order scan to read primary index
         IFileSplitProvider primarySplitProvider = JobHelper.createFileSplitProvider(splitNCs, options.primaryBTreeName);
-        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory();
+        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(true);
         TreeIndexDiskOrderScanOperatorDescriptor btreeScanOp = new TreeIndexDiskOrderScanOperatorDescriptor(spec,
                 recDesc, storageManager, lcManagerProvider, primarySplitProvider, primaryTypeTraits,
                 dataflowHelperFactory, NoOpOperationCallbackFactory.INSTANCE);
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/SecondaryIndexSearchExample.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/SecondaryIndexSearchExample.java
index 6d1f20e..6a218d6 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/SecondaryIndexSearchExample.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/btree-example/btreeclient/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/examples/btree/client/SecondaryIndexSearchExample.java
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@
 
         IFileSplitProvider secondarySplitProvider = JobHelper.createFileSplitProvider(splitNCs,
                 options.secondaryBTreeName);
-        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory();
+        IIndexDataflowHelperFactory dataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(true);
         BTreeSearchOperatorDescriptor secondarySearchOp = new BTreeSearchOperatorDescriptor(spec, secondaryRecDesc,
                 storageManager, lcManagerProvider, secondarySplitProvider, secondaryTypeTraits,
                 searchComparatorFactories, null, secondaryLowKeyFields, secondaryHighKeyFields, true, true,
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/btree/BTreeOperatorTestHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/btree/BTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
index 6d096be..9107d9d 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/btree/BTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/btree/BTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 public class BTreeOperatorTestHelper extends TreeOperatorTestHelper {
 
     public IIndexDataflowHelperFactory createDataFlowHelperFactory() {
-        return new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory();
+        return new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(true);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/AbstractfWordInvertedIndexTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/AbstractfWordInvertedIndexTest.java
index 2aa037d..a77a71d 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/AbstractfWordInvertedIndexTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/AbstractfWordInvertedIndexTest.java
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
             DEFAULT_MEM_PAGE_SIZE, DEFAULT_MEM_NUM_PAGES);
     protected IStorageManagerInterface storageManager = new TestStorageManagerInterface();
     protected IIndexLifecycleManagerProvider lcManagerProvider = new TestIndexLifecycleManagerProvider();
-    protected IIndexDataflowHelperFactory btreeDataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory();
+    protected IIndexDataflowHelperFactory btreeDataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(true);
     protected IIndexDataflowHelperFactory invertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory;
 
     protected final static SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("ddMMyy-hhmmssSS");
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/PartitionedWordInvertedIndexTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/PartitionedWordInvertedIndexTest.java
index 5d60f9d..e20b0ed 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/PartitionedWordInvertedIndexTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/PartitionedWordInvertedIndexTest.java
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
                 virtualBufferCacheProvider, new ConstantMergePolicyFactory(), MERGE_POLICY_PROPERTIES,
                 ThreadCountingOperationTrackerProvider.INSTANCE, SynchronousSchedulerProvider.INSTANCE,
                 NoOpIOOperationCallback.INSTANCE, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, null, null, null, null,
-                null, null);
+                null, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/WordInvertedIndexTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/WordInvertedIndexTest.java
index 400a6b4..918611c 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/WordInvertedIndexTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/invertedindex/WordInvertedIndexTest.java
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
                 new ConstantMergePolicyFactory(), MERGE_POLICY_PROPERTIES,
                 ThreadCountingOperationTrackerProvider.INSTANCE, SynchronousSchedulerProvider.INSTANCE,
                 NoOpIOOperationCallback.INSTANCE, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, null, null, null, null,
-                null, null);
+                null, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeOperatorTestHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
index 849f650..25cb47a 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
         return new LSMBTreeDataflowHelperFactory(virtualBufferCacheProvider, new ConstantMergePolicyFactory(),
                 MERGE_POLICY_PROPERTIES, ThreadCountingOperationTrackerProvider.INSTANCE,
                 SynchronousSchedulerProvider.INSTANCE, NoOpIOOperationCallback.INSTANCE,
-                DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, true, null, null, null, null);
+                DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, true, null, null, null, null, true);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeOperatorTestHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
index 0799f99..bc632f5 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
@@ -51,6 +51,6 @@
                 virtualBufferCacheProvider, new ConstantMergePolicyFactory(), MERGE_POLICY_PROPERTIES,
                 ThreadCountingOperationTrackerProvider.INSTANCE, SynchronousSchedulerProvider.INSTANCE,
                 NoOpIOOperationCallback.INSTANCE, linearizerCmpFactory, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, null,
-                btreeFields, null, null, null);
+                btreeFields, null, null, null, true);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesOperatorTestHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesOperatorTestHelper.java
index df8b062..f229356 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesOperatorTestHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesOperatorTestHelper.java
@@ -50,6 +50,6 @@
                 btreeComparatorFactories, virtualBufferCacheProvider, new ConstantMergePolicyFactory(),
                 MERGE_POLICY_PROPERTIES, ThreadCountingOperationTrackerProvider.INSTANCE,
                 SynchronousSchedulerProvider.INSTANCE, NoOpIOOperationCallback.INSTANCE, linearizerCmpFactory, null,
-                null, null, null);
+                null, null, null, true);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeOperatorTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeOperatorTest.java
index 8a335b5..76ea772 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeOperatorTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/AbstractRTreeOperatorTest.java
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
     protected final IStorageManagerInterface storageManager = new TestStorageManagerInterface();
     protected final IIndexLifecycleManagerProvider lcManagerProvider = new TestIndexLifecycleManagerProvider();
     protected IIndexDataflowHelperFactory rtreeDataflowHelperFactory;
-    protected IIndexDataflowHelperFactory btreeDataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory();
+    protected IIndexDataflowHelperFactory btreeDataflowHelperFactory = new BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(true);
 
     // field, type and key declarations for primary index
     protected final int primaryFieldCount = 10;
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeOperatorTestHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
index ce56c3d..a793a91 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeOperatorTestHelper.java
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@
 
     public IIndexDataflowHelperFactory createDataFlowHelperFactory(
             IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeComparatorFactories) {
-        return new RTreeDataflowHelperFactory(valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType);
+            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeComparatorFactories, boolean durable) {
+        return new RTreeDataflowHelperFactory(valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, durable);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexInsertOperatorTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexInsertOperatorTest.java
index 7908d2b..18a8cfa 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexInsertOperatorTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexInsertOperatorTest.java
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
         this.rTreeType = RTreeType.RTREE;
     }
 
+    @Override
     @Before
     public void setup() throws Exception {
         super.setup();
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeComparatorFactories, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizerCmpFactory,
             int[] btreeFields) throws TreeIndexException {
         return ((RTreeOperatorTestHelper) testHelper).createDataFlowHelperFactory(secondaryValueProviderFactories,
-                rtreePolicyType, null);
+                rtreePolicyType, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexScanOperatorTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexScanOperatorTest.java
index ea88e20..b18c053 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexScanOperatorTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexScanOperatorTest.java
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
         this.rTreeType = RTreeType.RTREE;
     }
 
+    @Override
     @Before
     public void setup() throws Exception {
         super.setup();
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeComparatorFactories, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizerCmpFactory,
             int[] btreeFields) {
         return ((RTreeOperatorTestHelper) testHelper).createDataFlowHelperFactory(secondaryValueProviderFactories,
-                rtreePolicyType, null);
+                rtreePolicyType, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexSearchOperatorTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexSearchOperatorTest.java
index 432c2d7..f2239b9 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexSearchOperatorTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexSearchOperatorTest.java
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
         this.rTreeType = RTreeType.RTREE;
     }
 
+    @Override
     @Before
     public void setup() throws Exception {
         super.setup();
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeComparatorFactories, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizerCmpFactory,
             int[] btreeFields) throws TreeIndexException {
         return ((RTreeOperatorTestHelper) testHelper).createDataFlowHelperFactory(secondaryValueProviderFactories,
-                rtreePolicyType, null);
+                rtreePolicyType, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexStatsOperatorTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexStatsOperatorTest.java
index 438e17d..5483e90 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexStatsOperatorTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-examples/hyracks-integration-tests/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/tests/am/rtree/RTreeSecondaryIndexStatsOperatorTest.java
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
         this.rTreeType = RTreeType.RTREE;
     }
 
+    @Override
     @Before
     public void setup() throws Exception {
         super.setup();
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeComparatorFactories, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizerCmpFactory,
             int[] btreeFields) {
         return ((RTreeOperatorTestHelper) testHelper).createDataFlowHelperFactory(secondaryValueProviderFactories,
-                rtreePolicyType, null);
+                rtreePolicyType, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/dataflow/BTreeDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/dataflow/BTreeDataflowHelper.java
index 1e0125a..01376c1 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/dataflow/BTreeDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/dataflow/BTreeDataflowHelper.java
@@ -26,8 +26,10 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.dataflow.TreeIndexDataflowHelper;
 
 public class BTreeDataflowHelper extends TreeIndexDataflowHelper {
-    public BTreeDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition) {
-        super(opDesc, ctx, partition);
+
+    public BTreeDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
+            boolean durable) {
+        super(opDesc, ctx, partition, durable);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/dataflow/BTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/dataflow/BTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
index 2a17838..8652ed3 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/dataflow/BTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/btree/dataflow/BTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -24,9 +24,15 @@
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 
+    private final boolean durable;
+
+    public BTreeDataflowHelperFactory(boolean durable) {
+        this.durable = durable;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public IndexDataflowHelper createIndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx,
             int partition) {
-        return new BTreeDataflowHelper(opDesc, ctx, partition);
+        return new BTreeDataflowHelper(opDesc, ctx, partition, durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/dataflow/IndexDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/dataflow/IndexDataflowHelper.java
index 5e07e0c..d67f585 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/dataflow/IndexDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/dataflow/IndexDataflowHelper.java
@@ -40,10 +40,12 @@
     protected final FileReference file;
     protected final int partition;
     protected final int ioDeviceId;
+    protected final boolean durable;
 
     protected IIndex index;
 
-    public IndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, final IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition) {
+    public IndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, final IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
+            boolean durable) {
         this.opDesc = opDesc;
         this.ctx = ctx;
         this.lcManager = opDesc.getLifecycleManagerProvider().getLifecycleManager(ctx);
@@ -53,14 +55,17 @@
         this.ioDeviceId = opDesc.getFileSplitProvider().getFileSplits()[partition].getIODeviceId();
         this.file = new FileReference(new File(IndexFileNameUtil.prepareFileName(opDesc.getFileSplitProvider()
                 .getFileSplits()[partition].getLocalFile().getFile().getPath(), ioDeviceId)));
+        this.durable = durable;
     }
 
     protected abstract IIndex createIndexInstance() throws HyracksDataException;
 
+    @Override
     public IIndex getIndexInstance() {
         return index;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void create() throws HyracksDataException {
         synchronized (lcManager) {
             long resourceID = getResourceID();
@@ -92,6 +97,7 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void open() throws HyracksDataException {
         synchronized (lcManager) {
             long resourceID = getResourceID();
@@ -109,12 +115,14 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void close() throws HyracksDataException {
         synchronized (lcManager) {
             lcManager.close(getResourceID());
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void destroy() throws HyracksDataException {
         synchronized (lcManager) {
             long resourceID = getResourceID();
@@ -132,10 +140,12 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public FileReference getFileReference() {
         return file;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public long getResourceID() throws HyracksDataException {
         LocalResource localResource = localResourceRepository.getResourceByName(file.getFile().getPath());
         if (localResource == null) {
@@ -145,6 +155,7 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public IHyracksTaskContext getTaskContext() {
         return ctx;
     }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/dataflow/TreeIndexDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/dataflow/TreeIndexDataflowHelper.java
index de7f12b..fe3eed8 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/dataflow/TreeIndexDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/common/dataflow/TreeIndexDataflowHelper.java
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@
 
 public abstract class TreeIndexDataflowHelper extends IndexDataflowHelper {
 
-    public TreeIndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition) {
-        super(opDesc, ctx, partition);
+    public TreeIndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
+            boolean durable) {
+        super(opDesc, ctx, partition, durable);
     }
 
     public ITreeIndexCursor createDiskOrderScanCursor(ITreeIndexFrame leafFrame) throws HyracksDataException {
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeDataflowHelper.java
index 983d893..b913e28 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeDataflowHelper.java
@@ -31,23 +31,25 @@
 
 public class ExternalBTreeDataflowHelper extends LSMBTreeDataflowHelper {
 
-    private int version;
+    private final int version;
 
     public ExternalBTreeDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
             double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
-            ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, boolean needKeyDupCheck, int version) {
+            ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, boolean needKeyDupCheck, int version,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, null, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler,
-                ioOpCallbackFactory, false, null, null, null, null);
+                ioOpCallbackFactory, false, null, null, null, null, durable);
         this.version = version;
     }
 
     public ExternalBTreeDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
             List<IVirtualBufferCache> virtualBufferCaches, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
-            ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, boolean needKeyDupCheck, int version) {
+            ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, boolean needKeyDupCheck, int version,
+            boolean durable) {
         this(opDesc, ctx, partition, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, needKeyDupCheck, version);
+                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, needKeyDupCheck, version, durable);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -77,7 +79,7 @@
                 .getStorageManager().getFileMapProvider(ctx), treeOpDesc.getTreeIndexTypeTraits(), treeOpDesc
                 .getTreeIndexComparatorFactories(), treeOpDesc.getTreeIndexBloomFilterKeyFields(),
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory.getOperationTracker(ctx), ioScheduler,
-                ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), getVersion());
+                ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), getVersion(), durable);
     }
 
     public int getVersion() {
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
index d0e37f3..b9457d3 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 
-    private int version;
+    private final int version;
 
     public ExternalBTreeDataflowHelperFactory(ILSMMergePolicyFactory mergePolicyFactory,
             Map<String, String> mergePolicyProperties, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
-            double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, int version) {
+            double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, int version, boolean durable) {
         super(null, mergePolicyFactory, mergePolicyProperties, opTrackerFactory, ioSchedulerProvider,
-                ioOpCallbackFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, null, null, null);
+                ioOpCallbackFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, null, null, null, durable);
         this.version = version;
     }
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
             int partition) {
         return new ExternalBTreeDataflowHelper(opDesc, ctx, partition, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 mergePolicyFactory.createMergePolicy(mergePolicyProperties, ctx), opTrackerFactory,
-                ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, false, version);
+                ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, false, version, durable);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelper.java
index 768dd05..ff19c54 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelper.java
@@ -28,15 +28,15 @@
 
 public class ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelper extends AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelper {
 
-    private int[] buddyBtreeFields;
-    private int version;
+    private final int[] buddyBtreeFields;
+    private final int version;
 
     public ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx,
             int partition, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
-            int[] buddyBtreeFields, int version) {
+            int[] buddyBtreeFields, int version, boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, null, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, null,
-                null, null);
+                null, null, durable);
         this.buddyBtreeFields = buddyBtreeFields;
         this.version = version;
     }
@@ -44,9 +44,10 @@
     public ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx,
             int partition, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
-            ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, int[] buddyBtreeFields, int version) {
+            ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, int[] buddyBtreeFields, int version,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, null, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler,
-                ioOpCallbackFactory, null, null, null);
+                ioOpCallbackFactory, null, null, null, durable);
         this.buddyBtreeFields = buddyBtreeFields;
         this.version = version;
     }
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@
                 .getStorageManager().getFileMapProvider(ctx), treeOpDesc.getTreeIndexTypeTraits(), treeOpDesc
                 .getTreeIndexComparatorFactories(), bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory
                 .getOperationTracker(ctx), ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(),
-                buddyBtreeFields, version);
+                buddyBtreeFields, version, durable);
     }
 
     public int getTargetVersion() {
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelperFactory.java
index cda5fff..dc1939a 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
     private final int[] buddyBtreeFields;
-    private int version;
+    private final int version;
 
     public ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelperFactory(ILSMMergePolicyFactory mergePolicyFactory,
             Map<String, String> mergePolicyProperties, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
-            double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, int[] buddyBtreeFields, int version) {
+            double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, int[] buddyBtreeFields, int version, boolean durable) {
         super(null, mergePolicyFactory, mergePolicyProperties, opTrackerFactory, ioSchedulerProvider,
-                ioOpCallbackFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, null, null, null);
+                ioOpCallbackFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, null, null, null, durable);
         this.buddyBtreeFields = buddyBtreeFields;
         this.version = version;
     }
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
             int partition) {
         return new ExternalBTreeWithBuddyDataflowHelper(opDesc, ctx, partition, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 mergePolicyFactory.createMergePolicy(mergePolicyProperties, ctx), opTrackerFactory,
-                ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, buddyBtreeFields, version);
+                ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, buddyBtreeFields, version, durable);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/LSMBTreeDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/LSMBTreeDataflowHelper.java
index b4bd166..2629a1d 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/LSMBTreeDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/LSMBTreeDataflowHelper.java
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, boolean needKeyDupCheck,
             ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] btreeFields,
-            int[] filterFields) {
+            int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         this(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, mergePolicy,
                 opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, needKeyDupCheck, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, btreeFields, filterFields);
+                filterCmpFactories, btreeFields, filterFields, durable);
     }
 
     public LSMBTreeDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             boolean needKeyDupCheck, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories,
-            int[] btreeFields, int[] filterFields) {
+            int[] btreeFields, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.needKeyDupCheck = needKeyDupCheck;
         this.btreeFields = btreeFields;
     }
@@ -68,6 +68,6 @@
                 treeOpDesc.getTreeIndexComparatorFactories(), treeOpDesc.getTreeIndexBloomFilterKeyFields(),
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory.getOperationTracker(ctx), ioScheduler,
                 ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), needKeyDupCheck, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories,
-                btreeFields, filterFields);
+                btreeFields, filterFields, durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/LSMBTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/LSMBTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
index f59392c..b4515da 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/LSMBTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/dataflow/LSMBTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
             boolean needKeyDupCheck, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories,
-            int[] btreeFields, int[] filterFields) {
+            int[] btreeFields, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCacheProvider, mergePolicyFactory, mergePolicyProperties, opTrackerFactory,
                 ioSchedulerProvider, ioOpCallbackFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.needKeyDupCheck = needKeyDupCheck;
         this.btreeFields = btreeFields;
     }
@@ -55,6 +55,6 @@
                 virtualBufferCacheProvider.getVirtualBufferCaches(ctx), bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 mergePolicyFactory.createMergePolicy(mergePolicyProperties, ctx), opTrackerFactory,
                 ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, needKeyDupCheck, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, btreeFields, filterFields);
+                filterCmpFactories, btreeFields, filterFields, durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/ExternalBTree.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/ExternalBTree.java
index b417152..088a15b 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/ExternalBTree.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/ExternalBTree.java
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.impls.NoOpOperationCallback;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.IndexOperation;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.btree.tuples.LSMBTreeRefrencingTupleWriterFactory;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ITwoPCIndex;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMComponent;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMIOOperation;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMIOOperationCallback;
@@ -54,10 +53,11 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMIndexOperationContext;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMMergePolicy;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMOperationTracker;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ITwoPCIndex;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.BlockingIOOperationCallbackWrapper;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMOperationType;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.ExternalIndexHarness;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMComponentFileReferences;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMOperationType;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.TreeIndexFactory;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.file.IFileMapProvider;
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
     private final LSMBTreeDiskComponentFactory transactionComponentFactory;
     // A second disk component list that will be used when a transaction is
     // committed and will be seen by subsequent accessors
-    private List<ILSMComponent> secondDiskComponents;
+    private final List<ILSMComponent> secondDiskComponents;
     // A pointer that points to the current most recent list (either
     // diskComponents = 0, or secondDiskComponents = 1). It starts with -1 to
     // indicate first time activation
@@ -90,11 +90,13 @@
             BloomFilterFactory bloomFilterFactory, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
             IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, int fieldCount, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
-            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, TreeIndexFactory<BTree> transactionBTreeFactory, int version) {
+            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, TreeIndexFactory<BTree> transactionBTreeFactory, int version,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory, fileManager, diskBTreeFactory,
                 bulkLoadBTreeFactory, bloomFilterFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, diskFileMapProvider,
-                fieldCount, cmpFactories, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, false);
-        this.transactionComponentFactory = new LSMBTreeDiskComponentFactory(transactionBTreeFactory, bloomFilterFactory, null);
+                fieldCount, cmpFactories, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, false, durable);
+        this.transactionComponentFactory = new LSMBTreeDiskComponentFactory(transactionBTreeFactory,
+                bloomFilterFactory, null);
         this.secondDiskComponents = new LinkedList<ILSMComponent>();
         this.interiorFrameFactory = interiorFrameFactory;
         this.version = version;
@@ -185,9 +187,8 @@
             }
         }
         ITreeIndexCursor cursor = new LSMBTreeRangeSearchCursor(opCtx, returnDeletedTuples);
-        BTree firstBTree = (BTree) ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) mergingComponents.get(0)).getBTree();
-        BTree lastBTree = (BTree) ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) mergingComponents.get(mergingComponents.size() - 1))
-                .getBTree();
+        BTree firstBTree = ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) mergingComponents.get(0)).getBTree();
+        BTree lastBTree = ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) mergingComponents.get(mergingComponents.size() - 1)).getBTree();
         FileReference firstFile = diskFileMapProvider.lookupFileName(firstBTree.getFileId());
         FileReference lastFile = diskFileMapProvider.lookupFileName(lastBTree.getFileId());
         LSMComponentFileReferences relMergeFileRefs = fileManager.getRelMergeFileReference(firstFile.getFile()
@@ -217,6 +218,7 @@
     }
 
     // This function is used when a new component is to be committed.
+    @Override
     public void commitTransactionDiskComponent(ILSMComponent newComponent) throws HyracksDataException {
         // determine which list is the new one and flip the pointer
         List<ILSMComponent> newerList;
@@ -381,12 +383,12 @@
     @Override
     public void validate() throws HyracksDataException {
         for (ILSMComponent c : diskComponents) {
-            BTree btree = (BTree) ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) c).getBTree();
+            BTree btree = ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) c).getBTree();
             btree.validate();
         }
         for (ILSMComponent c : secondDiskComponents) {
             if (!diskComponents.contains(c)) {
-                BTree btree = (BTree) ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) c).getBTree();
+                BTree btree = ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) c).getBTree();
                 btree.validate();
             }
         }
@@ -474,8 +476,8 @@
         private boolean cleanedUpArtifacts = false;
         private boolean isEmptyComponent = true;
         private boolean endedBloomFilterLoad = false;
-        private boolean isTransaction;
-        private ITreeIndexTupleWriterFactory frameTupleWriterFactory;
+        private final boolean isTransaction;
+        private final ITreeIndexTupleWriterFactory frameTupleWriterFactory;
 
         public LSMTwoPCBTreeBulkLoader(float fillFactor, boolean verifyInput, long numElementsHint,
                 boolean checkIfEmptyIndex, boolean isTransaction) throws TreeIndexException, HyracksDataException {
@@ -595,9 +597,9 @@
 
         @Override
         public void abort() {
-            try{
+            try {
                 cleanupArtifacts();
-            } catch(Exception e){
+            } catch (Exception e) {
                 // Do nothing
             }
         }
@@ -652,14 +654,17 @@
         return insertLeafFrameFactory;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int getCurrentVersion() {
         return version;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public List<ILSMComponent> getFirstComponentList() {
         return diskComponents;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public List<ILSMComponent> getSecondComponentList() {
         return secondDiskComponents;
     }
@@ -692,9 +697,9 @@
             throw new TreeIndexException(e);
         }
     }
-    
+
     @Override
-    public boolean hasMemoryComponents(){
+    public boolean hasMemoryComponents() {
         return false;
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/ExternalBTreeWithBuddy.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/ExternalBTreeWithBuddy.java
index 11c319f..1a4b85f 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/ExternalBTreeWithBuddy.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/ExternalBTreeWithBuddy.java
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomFilterFactory;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomFilterSpecification;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.BTree;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.RangePredicate;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.BTree.BTreeBulkLoader;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.btree.impls.RangePredicate;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IFreePageManager;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IIndexBulkLoader;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IIndexCursor;
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.impls.NoOpOperationCallback;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.IndexOperation;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.MultiComparator;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ITwoPCIndex;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMComponent;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMComponentFactory;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMHarness;
@@ -57,11 +56,12 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMIndexOperationContext;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMMergePolicy;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMOperationTracker;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ITwoPCIndex;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.AbstractLSMIndex;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.BlockingIOOperationCallbackWrapper;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMOperationType;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.ExternalIndexHarness;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMComponentFileReferences;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMOperationType;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMTreeIndexAccessor;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.TreeIndexFactory;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.common.buffercache.IBufferCache;
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 
     private final IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories;
     private final IBinaryComparatorFactory[] buddyBtreeCmpFactories;
-    private int[] buddyBTreeFields;
+    private final int[] buddyBTreeFields;
 
     // Common for in-memory and on-disk components.
     private final ITreeIndexFrameFactory btreeInteriorFrameFactory;
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
 
     // A second disk component list that will be used when a transaction is
     // committed and will be seen by subsequent accessors
-    private List<ILSMComponent> secondDiskComponents;
+    private final List<ILSMComponent> secondDiskComponents;
     private int version = -1;
 
     public ExternalBTreeWithBuddy(ITreeIndexFrameFactory btreeInteriorFrameFactory,
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@
             IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
             ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback,
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] buddyBtreeCmpFactories,
-            int[] buddyBTreeFields, int version) {
+            int[] buddyBTreeFields, int version, boolean durable) {
         super(diskBufferCache, fileManager, diskFileMapProvider, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallback);
+                ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, durable);
         this.btreeCmpFactories = btreeCmpFactories;
         this.buddyBtreeCmpFactories = buddyBtreeCmpFactories;
         this.buddyBTreeFields = buddyBTreeFields;
@@ -293,14 +293,14 @@
     public IIndexBulkLoader createBulkLoader(float fillLevel, boolean verifyInput, long numElementsHint,
             boolean checkIfEmptyIndex) throws TreeIndexException {
         try {
-            return new LSMTwoPCBTreeWithBuddyBulkLoader(fillLevel, verifyInput, 0, checkIfEmptyIndex,
-                    false);
+            return new LSMTwoPCBTreeWithBuddyBulkLoader(fillLevel, verifyInput, 0, checkIfEmptyIndex, false);
         } catch (HyracksDataException e) {
             throw new TreeIndexException(e);
         }
     }
 
     // For transaction bulk load <- could consolidate with the above method ->
+    @Override
     public IIndexBulkLoader createTransactionBulkLoader(float fillLevel, boolean verifyInput, long numElementsHint,
             boolean checkIfEmptyIndex) throws TreeIndexException {
         try {
@@ -375,10 +375,9 @@
                     .get(secondDiskComponents.size() - 1);
         }
 
-        ioScheduler.scheduleOperation(new LSMBTreeWithBuddyMergeOperation((ILSMIndexAccessorInternal) accessor,
-                mergingComponents, cursor, relMergeFileRefs.getInsertIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs
-                        .getDeleteIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs.getBloomFilterFileReference(), callback,
-                fileManager.getBaseDir(), keepDeleteTuples));
+        ioScheduler.scheduleOperation(new LSMBTreeWithBuddyMergeOperation(accessor, mergingComponents, cursor,
+                relMergeFileRefs.getInsertIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs.getDeleteIndexFileReference(),
+                relMergeFileRefs.getBloomFilterFileReference(), callback, fileManager.getBaseDir(), keepDeleteTuples));
     }
 
     // This method creates the appropriate opContext for the targeted version
@@ -509,6 +508,7 @@
 
     // This function is used when a new component is to be committed -- is
     // called by the harness.
+    @Override
     public void commitTransactionDiskComponent(ILSMComponent newComponent) throws HyracksDataException {
 
         // determine which list is the new one and flip the pointer
@@ -663,7 +663,7 @@
         private boolean cleanedUpArtifacts = false;
         private boolean isEmptyComponent = true;
         private boolean endedBloomFilterLoad = false;
-        private boolean isTransaction;
+        private final boolean isTransaction;
 
         public LSMTwoPCBTreeWithBuddyBulkLoader(float fillFactor, boolean verifyInput, long numElementsHint,
                 boolean checkIfEmptyIndex, boolean isTransaction) throws TreeIndexException, HyracksDataException {
@@ -824,14 +824,17 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int getCurrentVersion() {
         return version;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public List<ILSMComponent> getFirstComponentList() {
         return diskComponents;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public List<ILSMComponent> getSecondComponentList() {
         return secondDiskComponents;
     }
@@ -865,9 +868,9 @@
             throw new TreeIndexException(e);
         }
     }
-    
+
     @Override
-    public boolean hasMemoryComponents(){
+    public boolean hasMemoryComponents() {
         return false;
     }
 
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTree.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTree.java
index 2899eff..6d2f78c 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTree.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/impls/LSMBTree.java
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomCalculations;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomFilter;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomFilterFactory;
@@ -103,10 +102,11 @@
             LSMComponentFilterManager filterManager, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
             IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, int fieldCount, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
-            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, boolean needKeyDupCheck, int[] btreeFields, int[] filterFields) {
+            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, boolean needKeyDupCheck, int[] btreeFields, int[] filterFields,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCaches, diskBTreeFactory.getBufferCache(), fileManager, diskFileMapProvider,
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, filterFrameFactory,
-                filterManager, filterFields);
+                filterManager, filterFields, durable);
         int i = 0;
         for (IVirtualBufferCache virtualBufferCache : virtualBufferCaches) {
             LSMBTreeMemoryComponent mutableComponent = new LSMBTreeMemoryComponent(new BTree(virtualBufferCache,
@@ -136,9 +136,9 @@
             BloomFilterFactory bloomFilterFactory, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
             IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, int fieldCount, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
-            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, boolean needKeyDupCheck) {
+            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, boolean needKeyDupCheck, boolean durable) {
         super(diskBTreeFactory.getBufferCache(), fileManager, diskFileMapProvider, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
-                mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback);
+                mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, durable);
         this.insertLeafFrameFactory = insertLeafFrameFactory;
         this.deleteLeafFrameFactory = deleteLeafFrameFactory;
         this.cmpFactories = cmpFactories;
@@ -513,9 +513,8 @@
             returnDeletedTuples = true;
         }
         ITreeIndexCursor cursor = new LSMBTreeRangeSearchCursor(opCtx, returnDeletedTuples);
-        BTree firstBTree = (BTree) ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) mergingComponents.get(0)).getBTree();
-        BTree lastBTree = (BTree) ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) mergingComponents.get(mergingComponents.size() - 1))
-                .getBTree();
+        BTree firstBTree = ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) mergingComponents.get(0)).getBTree();
+        BTree lastBTree = ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) mergingComponents.get(mergingComponents.size() - 1)).getBTree();
         FileReference firstFile = diskFileMapProvider.lookupFileName(firstBTree.getFileId());
         FileReference lastFile = diskFileMapProvider.lookupFileName(lastBTree.getFileId());
         LSMComponentFileReferences relMergeFileRefs = fileManager.getRelMergeFileReference(firstFile.getFile()
@@ -766,6 +765,7 @@
         return diskBufferCache;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public IBinaryComparatorFactory[] getComparatorFactories() {
         return cmpFactories;
     }
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@
         }
         List<ILSMComponent> immutableComponents = diskComponents;
         for (ILSMComponent c : immutableComponents) {
-            BTree btree = (BTree) ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) c).getBTree();
+            BTree btree = ((LSMBTreeDiskComponent) c).getBTree();
             btree.validate();
         }
     }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeUtils.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeUtils.java
index 3523017..28b81fd 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeUtils.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeUtils.java
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories, int[] bloomFilterKeyFields, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, boolean needKeyDupCheck, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] btreeFields, int[] filterFields) {
+            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] btreeFields, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         LSMBTreeTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMBTreeTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits,
                 cmpFactories.length, false);
         LSMBTreeTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMBTreeTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits,
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
                 deleteLeafFrameFactory, fileNameManager, diskBTreeFactory, bulkLoadBTreeFactory, bloomFilterFactory,
                 filterFactory, filterFrameFactory, filterManager, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, diskFileMapProvider,
                 typeTraits.length, cmpFactories, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, needKeyDupCheck,
-                btreeFields, filterFields);
+                btreeFields, filterFields, durable);
         return lsmTree;
     }
 
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
             IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, ITypeTraits[] typeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories,
             int[] bloomFilterKeyFields, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
             ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback,
-            int startWithVersion) {
+            int startWithVersion, boolean durable) {
         LSMBTreeTupleWriterFactory insertTupleWriterFactory = new LSMBTreeTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits,
                 cmpFactories.length, false);
         LSMBTreeTupleWriterFactory deleteTupleWriterFactory = new LSMBTreeTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits,
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
         ExternalBTree lsmTree = new ExternalBTree(interiorFrameFactory, insertLeafFrameFactory, deleteLeafFrameFactory,
                 fileNameManager, diskBTreeFactory, bulkLoadBTreeFactory, bloomFilterFactory,
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits.length, cmpFactories, mergePolicy,
-                opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, transactionBTreeFactory, startWithVersion);
+                opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, transactionBTreeFactory, startWithVersion, durable);
         return lsmTree;
     }
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
             IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, ITypeTraits[] typeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories,
             double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] buddyBTreeFields,
-            int startWithVersion) {
+            int startWithVersion, boolean durable) {
 
         ITypeTraits[] buddyBtreeTypeTraits = new ITypeTraits[buddyBTreeFields.length];
         IBinaryComparatorFactory[] buddyBtreeCmpFactories = new IBinaryComparatorFactory[buddyBTreeFields.length];
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
                 buddyBtreeLeafFrameFactory, diskBufferCache, fileNameManager, bulkLoadBTreeFactory, diskBTreeFactory,
                 diskBuddyBTreeFactory, bloomFilterFactory, diskFileMapProvider, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, cmpFactories, buddyBtreeCmpFactories,
-                buddyBTreeFields, startWithVersion);
+                buddyBTreeFields, startWithVersion, durable);
         return lsmTree;
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/api/ILSMIndexInternal.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/api/ILSMIndexInternal.java
index a8e00ae..c3695cc 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/api/ILSMIndexInternal.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/api/ILSMIndexInternal.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.IndexException;
 
 public interface ILSMIndexInternal extends ILSMIndex {
+    @Override
     public ILSMIndexAccessorInternal createAccessor(IModificationOperationCallback modificationCallback,
             ISearchOperationCallback searchCallback) throws HyracksDataException;
 
@@ -58,13 +59,20 @@
 
     /**
      * Populates the context's component holder with a snapshot of the components involved in the operation.
-     *
+     * 
      * @param ctx
      *            - the operation's context
      * @throws HyracksDataException
      */
     public void getOperationalComponents(ILSMIndexOperationContext ctx) throws HyracksDataException;
 
+    /**
+     * Persistent the LSM component
+     * 
+     * @param lsmComponent
+     *            , the component to be persistent
+     * @throws HyracksDataException
+     */
     public void markAsValid(ILSMComponent lsmComponent) throws HyracksDataException;
 
     public boolean isCurrentMutableComponentEmpty() throws HyracksDataException;
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/dataflow/AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/dataflow/AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelper.java
index 8900385..a403aad 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/dataflow/AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/dataflow/AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelper.java
@@ -47,17 +47,19 @@
             List<IVirtualBufferCache> virtualBufferCaches, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
+            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         this(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, mergePolicy,
-                opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields,
+                durable);
     }
 
     public AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
             List<IVirtualBufferCache> virtualBufferCaches, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
-            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
-        super(opDesc, ctx, partition);
+            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
+            boolean durable) {
+        super(opDesc, ctx, partition, durable);
         this.virtualBufferCaches = virtualBufferCaches;
         this.bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate = bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate;
         this.mergePolicy = mergePolicy;
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/dataflow/AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/dataflow/AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
index 9d034aa..650c20a 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/dataflow/AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/dataflow/AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -39,12 +39,14 @@
     protected final ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits;
     protected final IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories;
     protected final int[] filterFields;
+    protected final boolean durable;
 
     public AbstractLSMIndexDataflowHelperFactory(IVirtualBufferCacheProvider virtualBufferCacheProvider,
             ILSMMergePolicyFactory mergePolicyFactory, Map<String, String> mergePolicyProperties,
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
-            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
+            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
+            boolean durable) {
         this.virtualBufferCacheProvider = virtualBufferCacheProvider;
         this.mergePolicyFactory = mergePolicyFactory;
         this.opTrackerFactory = opTrackerFactory;
@@ -55,5 +57,6 @@
         this.filterTypeTraits = filterTypeTraits;
         this.filterCmpFactories = filterCmpFactories;
         this.filterFields = filterFields;
+        this.durable = durable;
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractDiskLSMComponent.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractDiskLSMComponent.java
index 55ba584..96c669d 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractDiskLSMComponent.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractDiskLSMComponent.java
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
             default:
                 throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unsupported operation " + opType);
         }
-        
+
         if (readerCount <= -1) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("Invalid LSM disk component readerCount: " + readerCount);
         }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractLSMIndex.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractLSMIndex.java
index 7717a2b..670f8dd 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractLSMIndex.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractLSMIndex.java
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@
     protected final ILSMComponentFilterFrameFactory filterFrameFactory;
     protected final LSMComponentFilterManager filterManager;
     protected final int[] filterFields;
+    protected final boolean durable;
 
     protected boolean isActivated;
-
     protected final AtomicBoolean[] flushRequests;
 
     public AbstractLSMIndex(List<IVirtualBufferCache> virtualBufferCaches, IBufferCache diskBufferCache,
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
             double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback,
             ILSMComponentFilterFrameFactory filterFrameFactory, LSMComponentFilterManager filterManager,
-            int[] filterFields) {
+            int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         this.virtualBufferCaches = virtualBufferCaches;
         this.diskBufferCache = diskBufferCache;
         this.diskFileMapProvider = diskFileMapProvider;
@@ -82,9 +82,10 @@
         this.filterFrameFactory = filterFrameFactory;
         this.filterManager = filterManager;
         this.filterFields = filterFields;
+        this.durable = durable;
         lsmHarness = new LSMHarness(this, mergePolicy, opTracker);
         isActivated = false;
-        diskComponents = new LinkedList<ILSMComponent>();
+        diskComponents = new ArrayList<ILSMComponent>();
         memoryComponents = new ArrayList<ILSMComponent>();
         currentMutableComponentId = new AtomicInteger();
         flushRequests = new AtomicBoolean[virtualBufferCaches.size()];
@@ -96,13 +97,15 @@
     // The constructor used by external indexes
     public AbstractLSMIndex(IBufferCache diskBufferCache, ILSMIndexFileManager fileManager,
             IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
-            ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback) {
+            ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback,
+            boolean durable) {
         this.diskBufferCache = diskBufferCache;
         this.diskFileMapProvider = diskFileMapProvider;
         this.fileManager = fileManager;
         this.bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate = bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate;
         this.ioScheduler = ioScheduler;
         this.ioOpCallback = ioOpCallback;
+        this.durable = durable;
         lsmHarness = new ExternalIndexHarness(this, mergePolicy, opTracker);
         isActivated = false;
         diskComponents = new LinkedList<ILSMComponent>();
@@ -143,7 +146,10 @@
             }
         }
         // Forces all pages of given file to disk. This guarantees the data makes it to disk.
-        bufferCache.force(fileId, true);
+        // If the index is not durable, then the flush is not necessary.
+        if (durable) {
+            bufferCache.force(fileId, true);
+        }
     }
 
     protected void markAsValidInternal(ITreeIndex treeIndex) throws HyracksDataException {
@@ -175,7 +181,10 @@
         }
 
         // Force modified metadata page to disk.
-        bufferCache.force(fileId, true);
+        // If the index is not durable, then the flush is not necessary.
+        if (durable) {
+            bufferCache.force(fileId, true);
+        }
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractMemoryLSMComponent.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractMemoryLSMComponent.java
index 76694bb..91e0ad0 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractMemoryLSMComponent.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/AbstractMemoryLSMComponent.java
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@
                 break;
             case FLUSH:
                 if (state == ComponentState.READABLE_WRITABLE || state == ComponentState.READABLE_UNWRITABLE) {
-
                     if (writerCount != 0) {
                         throw new IllegalStateException("Trying to flush when writerCount != 0");
                     }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/ExternalIndexHarness.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/ExternalIndexHarness.java
index 8c763cb..d82489e 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/ExternalIndexHarness.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/ExternalIndexHarness.java
@@ -36,14 +36,13 @@
 public class ExternalIndexHarness extends LSMHarness {
     private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(ExternalIndexHarness.class.getName());
 
-
     public ExternalIndexHarness(ILSMIndexInternal lsmIndex, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker) {
-        super(lsmIndex,mergePolicy,opTracker);
+        super(lsmIndex, mergePolicy, opTracker);
     }
 
     @Override
-    protected boolean getAndEnterComponents(ILSMIndexOperationContext ctx, LSMOperationType opType, boolean isTryOperation)
-            throws HyracksDataException {
+    protected boolean getAndEnterComponents(ILSMIndexOperationContext ctx, LSMOperationType opType,
+            boolean isTryOperation) throws HyracksDataException {
         synchronized (opTracker) {
             while (true) {
                 lsmIndex.getOperationalComponents(ctx);
@@ -67,7 +66,8 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    protected boolean enterComponents(ILSMIndexOperationContext ctx, LSMOperationType opType) throws HyracksDataException {
+    protected boolean enterComponents(ILSMIndexOperationContext ctx, LSMOperationType opType)
+            throws HyracksDataException {
         List<ILSMComponent> components = ctx.getComponentHolder();
         int numEntered = 0;
         boolean entranceSuccessful = false;
@@ -221,10 +221,12 @@
     @Override
     public void addBulkLoadedComponent(ILSMComponent c) throws HyracksDataException, IndexException {
         lsmIndex.markAsValid(c);
-        lsmIndex.addComponent(c);
-        // Enter the component
-        enterComponent(c);
-        mergePolicy.diskComponentAdded(lsmIndex, false);
+        synchronized (opTracker) {
+            lsmIndex.addComponent(c);
+            // Enter the component
+            enterComponent(c);
+            mergePolicy.diskComponentAdded(lsmIndex, false);
+        }
     }
 
     // Three differences from  addBulkLoadedComponent
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/LSMHarness.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/LSMHarness.java
index 9f66f63..a52b9d9 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/LSMHarness.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-common/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/common/impls/LSMHarness.java
@@ -207,7 +207,6 @@
             } catch (Throwable e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
                 throw e;
-
             } finally {
                 if (failedOperation
                         && (opType == LSMOperationType.MODIFICATION || opType == LSMOperationType.FORCE_MODIFICATION)) {
@@ -307,7 +306,6 @@
         } catch (Throwable e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             throw e;
-
         } finally {
             exitComponents(ctx, LSMOperationType.FLUSH, newComponent, false);
             operation.getCallback().afterFinalize(LSMOperationType.FLUSH, newComponent);
@@ -356,7 +354,6 @@
         } catch (Throwable e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             throw e;
-
         } finally {
             exitComponents(ctx, LSMOperationType.MERGE, newComponent, false);
             operation.getCallback().afterFinalize(LSMOperationType.MERGE, newComponent);
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper.java
index 2f04095..9fe5c67 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper.java
@@ -46,10 +46,11 @@
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, int[] invertedIndexFields,
             ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
-            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) {
+            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, boolean durable) {
         this(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, mergePolicy,
                 opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, invertedIndexFields, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+                durable);
     }
 
     public LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
@@ -57,9 +58,10 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             int[] invertedIndexFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories,
-            int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) {
+            int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.invertedIndexFields = invertedIndexFields;
         this.filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps = filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps;
         this.invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps = invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps;
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@
                     opTrackerFactory.getOperationTracker(ctx), ioScheduler,
                     ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), invertedIndexFields, filterTypeTraits,
                     filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
-                    invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                    invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, durable);
             return invIndex;
         } catch (IndexException e) {
             throw new HyracksDataException(e);
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
index 18099e0..283f2a2 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/LSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -41,10 +41,11 @@
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerProvider, ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
             int[] invertedIndexFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories,
-            int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) {
+            int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCacheProvider, mergePolicyFactory, mergePolicyProperties, opTrackerProvider,
                 ioSchedulerProvider, ioOpCallbackFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.invertedIndexFields = invertedIndexFields;
         this.filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps = filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps;
         this.invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps = invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps;
@@ -57,7 +58,8 @@
                 virtualBufferCacheProvider.getVirtualBufferCaches(ctx), bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 mergePolicyFactory.createMergePolicy(mergePolicyProperties, ctx), opTrackerFactory,
                 ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, invertedIndexFields, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+                durable);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper.java
index 2ad2be2..5fd5f60 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper.java
@@ -46,10 +46,11 @@
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, int[] invertedIndexFields,
             ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
-            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) {
+            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, boolean durable) {
         this(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCache, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE, mergePolicy,
                 opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, invertedIndexFields, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+                durable);
     }
 
     public PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx,
@@ -57,9 +58,10 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             int[] invertedIndexFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories,
-            int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) {
+            int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.invertedIndexFields = invertedIndexFields;
         this.filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps = filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps;
         this.invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps = invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps;
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@
                     opTrackerFactory.getOperationTracker(ctx), ioScheduler,
                     ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), invertedIndexFields, filterTypeTraits,
                     filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
-                    invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                    invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, durable);
             return invIndex;
         } catch (IndexException e) {
             throw new HyracksDataException(e);
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
index 95b1598..cd2969a 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/dataflow/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndexDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -41,10 +41,11 @@
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerProvider, ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
             int[] invertedIndexFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories,
-            int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) {
+            int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCacheProvider, mergePolicyFactory, mergePolicyProperties, opTrackerProvider,
                 ioSchedulerProvider, ioOpCallbackFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.invertedIndexFields = invertedIndexFields;
         this.filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps = filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps;
         this.invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps = invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps;
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@
                 virtualBufferCacheProvider.getVirtualBufferCaches(ctx), bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 mergePolicyFactory.createMergePolicy(mergePolicyProperties, ctx), opTrackerFactory,
                 ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, invertedIndexFields, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+                durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/LSMInvertedIndex.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/LSMInvertedIndex.java
index 0376f26..a1e7dfe 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/LSMInvertedIndex.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/LSMInvertedIndex.java
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.io.FileReference;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomCalculations;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomFilterFactory;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomFilterSpecification;
@@ -110,10 +109,11 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] tokenCmpFactories, IBinaryTokenizerFactory tokenizerFactory,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] invertedIndexFields, int[] filterFields,
-            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) throws IndexException {
+            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, boolean durable)
+            throws IndexException {
         super(virtualBufferCaches, diskInvIndexFactory.getBufferCache(), fileManager, diskFileMapProvider,
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, filterFrameFactory,
-                filterManager, filterFields);
+                filterManager, filterFields, durable);
 
         this.tokenizerFactory = tokenizerFactory;
         this.invListTypeTraits = invListTypeTraits;
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@
             InMemoryInvertedIndex memInvIndex = createInMemoryInvertedIndex(virtualBufferCache,
                     new VirtualFreePageManager(virtualBufferCache.getNumPages()), i);
             BTree deleteKeysBTree = BTreeUtils.createBTree(virtualBufferCache, new VirtualFreePageManager(
-                    virtualBufferCache.getNumPages()), ((IVirtualBufferCache) virtualBufferCache).getFileMapProvider(),
-                    invListTypeTraits, invListCmpFactories, BTreeLeafFrameType.REGULAR_NSM, new FileReference(new File(
-                            fileManager.getBaseDir() + "_virtual_del_" + i)));
+                    virtualBufferCache.getNumPages()), virtualBufferCache.getFileMapProvider(), invListTypeTraits,
+                    invListCmpFactories, BTreeLeafFrameType.REGULAR_NSM,
+                    new FileReference(new File(fileManager.getBaseDir() + "_virtual_del_" + i)));
             LSMInvertedIndexMemoryComponent mutableComponent = new LSMInvertedIndexMemoryComponent(memInvIndex,
                     deleteKeysBTree, virtualBufferCache, i == 0 ? true : false, filterFactory == null ? null
                             : filterFactory.createLSMComponentFilter());
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/LSMInvertedIndexAccessor.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/LSMInvertedIndexAccessor.java
index f76085a..f21cc2a 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/LSMInvertedIndexAccessor.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/LSMInvertedIndexAccessor.java
@@ -66,11 +66,13 @@
         return lsmHarness.modify(ctx, true, tuple);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public void search(IIndexCursor cursor, ISearchPredicate searchPred) throws HyracksDataException, IndexException {
         ctx.setOperation(IndexOperation.SEARCH);
         lsmHarness.search(ctx, cursor, searchPred);
     }
 
+    @Override
     public IIndexCursor createSearchCursor(boolean exclusive) {
         return new LSMInvertedIndexSearchCursor();
     }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndex.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndex.java
index eb78d10..36eb76e 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndex.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/impls/PartitionedLSMInvertedIndex.java
@@ -52,12 +52,13 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] tokenCmpFactories, IBinaryTokenizerFactory tokenizerFactory,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] invertedIndexFields, int[] filterFields,
-            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) throws IndexException {
+            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, boolean durable)
+            throws IndexException {
         super(virtualBufferCaches, diskInvIndexFactory, deletedKeysBTreeFactory, bloomFilterFactory, filterFactory,
                 filterFrameFactory, filterManager, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, fileManager, diskFileMapProvider,
                 invListTypeTraits, invListCmpFactories, tokenTypeTraits, tokenCmpFactories, tokenizerFactory,
                 mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, invertedIndexFields, filterFields,
-                filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, durable);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/util/InvertedIndexUtils.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/util/InvertedIndexUtils.java
index 9afe1e2..0db46f9 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/util/InvertedIndexUtils.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/util/InvertedIndexUtils.java
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] invertedIndexFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields, int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
-            int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) throws IndexException {
+            int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, boolean durable) throws IndexException {
 
         BTreeFactory deletedKeysBTreeFactory = createDeletedKeysBTreeFactory(diskFileMapProvider, invListTypeTraits,
                 invListCmpFactories, diskBufferCache);
@@ -163,7 +163,8 @@
                 bloomFilterFactory, filterFactory, filterFrameFactory, filterManager, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 fileManager, diskFileMapProvider, invListTypeTraits, invListCmpFactories, tokenTypeTraits,
                 tokenCmpFactories, tokenizerFactory, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback,
-                invertedIndexFields, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                invertedIndexFields, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
+                durable);
         return invIndex;
     }
 
@@ -175,7 +176,8 @@
             double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] invertedIndexFields,
             ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
-            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps) throws IndexException {
+            int[] filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, int[] invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, boolean durable)
+            throws IndexException {
 
         BTreeFactory deletedKeysBTreeFactory = createDeletedKeysBTreeFactory(diskFileMapProvider, invListTypeTraits,
                 invListCmpFactories, diskBufferCache);
@@ -212,7 +214,7 @@
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, fileManager, diskFileMapProvider, invListTypeTraits, invListCmpFactories,
                 tokenTypeTraits, tokenCmpFactories, tokenizerFactory, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler,
                 ioOpCallback, invertedIndexFields, filterFields, filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps,
-                invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, durable);
         return invIndex;
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/AbstractLSMRTreeDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/AbstractLSMRTreeDataflowHelper.java
index 41f8e5c..fb3ebdc 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/AbstractLSMRTreeDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/AbstractLSMRTreeDataflowHelper.java
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
+            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         this(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, DEFAULT_BLOOM_FILTER_FALSE_POSITIVE_RATE,
                 btreeComparatorFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory,
                 ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, rtreeFields, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
     }
 
     public AbstractLSMRTreeDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
+            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.btreeComparatorFactories = btreeComparatorFactories;
         this.valueProviderFactories = valueProviderFactories;
         this.rtreePolicyType = rtreePolicyType;
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/ExternalRTreeDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/ExternalRTreeDataflowHelper.java
index 391b066..4fee495 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/ExternalRTreeDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/ExternalRTreeDataflowHelper.java
@@ -40,17 +40,17 @@
 
 public class ExternalRTreeDataflowHelper extends LSMRTreeDataflowHelper {
 
-    private int version;
+    private final int version;
 
     public ExternalRTreeDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeComparatorFactories,
             IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
-            ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] btreeFields, int version) {
+            ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] btreeFields, int version, boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, null, btreeComparatorFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType,
                 mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, null,
-                btreeFields, null, null, null);
+                btreeFields, null, null, null, durable);
         this.version = version;
     }
 
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@
             IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
-            ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] btreeFields, int version) {
+            ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] btreeFields, int version, boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, null, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, btreeComparatorFactories,
                 valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler,
-                ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, null, btreeFields, null, null, null);
+                ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, null, btreeFields, null, null, null, durable);
         this.version = version;
     }
 
@@ -98,7 +98,8 @@
             return LSMRTreeUtils.createExternalRTree(file, diskBufferCache, diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits,
                     rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType,
                     bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler,
-                    ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), linearizeCmpFactory, btreeFields, version);
+                    ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), linearizeCmpFactory, btreeFields, version,
+                    durable);
         } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
             throw new HyracksDataException(e);
         }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/ExternalRTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/ExternalRTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
index 5498ac2..ae89a53 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/ExternalRTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/ExternalRTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -31,17 +31,17 @@
 public class ExternalRTreeDataflowHelperFactory extends LSMRTreeDataflowHelperFactory {
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-    private int version;
+    private final int version;
 
     public ExternalRTreeDataflowHelperFactory(IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories,
             RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeComparatorFactories,
             ILSMMergePolicyFactory mergePolicyFactory, Map<String, String> mergePolicyProperties,
             ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory, ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider,
             ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory,
-            double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, int[] btreeFields, int version) {
+            double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, int[] btreeFields, int version, boolean durable) {
         super(valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, btreeComparatorFactories, null, mergePolicyFactory,
                 mergePolicyProperties, opTrackerFactory, ioSchedulerProvider, ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory,
-                bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, null, btreeFields, null, null, null);
+                bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, null, btreeFields, null, null, null, durable);
         this.version = version;
     }
 
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
         return new ExternalRTreeDataflowHelper(opDesc, ctx, partition, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 btreeComparatorFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType,
                 mergePolicyFactory.createMergePolicy(mergePolicyProperties, ctx), opTrackerFactory,
-                ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, btreeFields, version);
+                ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, btreeFields,
+                version, durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeDataflowHelper.java
index d9cfe5d..ed6d366 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeDataflowHelper.java
@@ -47,10 +47,11 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields, int[] btreeFields,
-            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
+            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, btreeComparatorFactories, valueProviderFactories,
                 rtreePolicyType, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory,
-                rtreeFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                rtreeFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.btreeFields = btreeFields;
     }
 
@@ -61,11 +62,12 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields, int[] btreeFields,
-            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
+            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, btreeComparatorFactories,
                 valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler,
                 ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, rtreeFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories,
-                filterFields);
+                filterFields, durable);
         this.btreeFields = btreeFields;
     }
 
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@
                     typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType,
                     bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler,
                     ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), linearizeCmpFactory, rtreeFields, btreeFields,
-                    filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                    filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
             throw new HyracksDataException(e);
         }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
index 00e05e3..3468371 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@
             ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, int[] rtreeFields,
             int[] btreeFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories,
-            int[] filterFields) {
+            int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCacheProvider, mergePolicyFactory, mergePolicyProperties, opTrackerFactory,
                 ioSchedulerProvider, ioOpCallbackFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         this.btreeComparatorFactories = btreeComparatorFactories;
         this.valueProviderFactories = valueProviderFactories;
         this.rtreePolicyType = rtreePolicyType;
@@ -70,6 +70,6 @@
                 btreeComparatorFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType,
                 mergePolicyFactory.createMergePolicy(mergePolicyProperties, ctx), opTrackerFactory,
                 ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, rtreeFields,
-                btreeFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                btreeFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDataflowHelper.java
index 2029075..8169b46 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDataflowHelper.java
@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
+            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         super(opDesc, ctx, partition, virtualBufferCaches, btreeComparatorFactories, valueProviderFactories,
-                rtreePolicyType, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory, rtreeFields, filterTypeTraits,
-                filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                rtreePolicyType, mergePolicy, opTrackerFactory, ioScheduler, ioOpCallbackFactory, linearizeCmpFactory,
+                rtreeFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -57,15 +57,15 @@
             IBufferCache diskBufferCache, IFileMapProvider diskFileMapProvider, ITypeTraits[] typeTraits,
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] rtreeCmpFactories, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories,
             ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories,
-            RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory,  int[] rtreeFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) 
+            RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields,
+            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields)
             throws HyracksDataException {
         try {
             return LSMRTreeUtils.createLSMTreeWithAntiMatterTuples(virtualBufferCaches, file, diskBufferCache,
                     diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, valueProviderFactories,
                     rtreePolicyType, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler,
                     ioOpCallbackFactory.createIOOperationCallback(), linearizeCmpFactory, rtreeFields,
-                    filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                    filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
         } catch (TreeIndexException e) {
             throw new HyracksDataException(e);
         }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDataflowHelperFactory.java
index 44d0ba6..3a6eb4f 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/dataflow/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -48,9 +48,10 @@
             Map<String, String> mergePolicyProperties, ILSMOperationTrackerProvider opTrackerFactory,
             ILSMIOOperationSchedulerProvider ioSchedulerProvider, ILSMIOOperationCallbackFactory ioOpCallbackFactory,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) {
+            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCacheProvider, mergePolicyFactory, mergePolicyProperties, opTrackerFactory,
-                ioSchedulerProvider, ioOpCallbackFactory, 1.0, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                ioSchedulerProvider, ioOpCallbackFactory, 1.0, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields,
+                durable);
         this.btreeComparatorFactories = btreeComparatorFactories;
         this.valueProviderFactories = valueProviderFactories;
         this.rtreePolicyType = rtreePolicyType;
@@ -65,6 +66,6 @@
                 virtualBufferCacheProvider.getVirtualBufferCaches(ctx), btreeComparatorFactories,
                 valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, mergePolicyFactory.createMergePolicy(mergePolicyProperties,
                         ctx), opTrackerFactory, ioSchedulerProvider.getIOScheduler(ctx), ioOpCallbackFactory,
-                linearizeCmpFactory, rtreeFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                linearizeCmpFactory, rtreeFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/AbstractLSMRTree.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/AbstractLSMRTree.java
index ebfa8f5..4f866a7 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/AbstractLSMRTree.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/AbstractLSMRTree.java
@@ -89,22 +89,20 @@
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, ILSMComponentFilterFactory filterFactory,
             ILSMComponentFilterFrameFactory filterFrameFactory, LSMComponentFilterManager filterManager,
-            int[] rtreeFields, int[] filterFields) {
+            int[] rtreeFields, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCaches, componentFactory.getBufferCache(), fileManager, diskFileMapProvider,
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, filterFrameFactory,
-                filterManager, filterFields);
+                filterManager, filterFields, durable);
         int i = 0;
         for (IVirtualBufferCache virtualBufferCache : virtualBufferCaches) {
-            RTree memRTree = new RTree(virtualBufferCache,
-                    ((IVirtualBufferCache) virtualBufferCache).getFileMapProvider(), new VirtualFreePageManager(
-                            virtualBufferCache.getNumPages()), rtreeInteriorFrameFactory, rtreeLeafFrameFactory,
-                    rtreeCmpFactories, fieldCount, new FileReference(new File(fileManager.getBaseDir() + "_virtual_r_"
-                            + i)));
-            BTree memBTree = new BTree(virtualBufferCache,
-                    ((IVirtualBufferCache) virtualBufferCache).getFileMapProvider(), new VirtualFreePageManager(
-                            virtualBufferCache.getNumPages()), btreeInteriorFrameFactory, btreeLeafFrameFactory,
-                    btreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories.length, new FileReference(new File(fileManager.getBaseDir()
-                            + "_virtual_b_" + i)));
+            RTree memRTree = new RTree(virtualBufferCache, virtualBufferCache.getFileMapProvider(),
+                    new VirtualFreePageManager(virtualBufferCache.getNumPages()), rtreeInteriorFrameFactory,
+                    rtreeLeafFrameFactory, rtreeCmpFactories, fieldCount, new FileReference(new File(
+                            fileManager.getBaseDir() + "_virtual_r_" + i)));
+            BTree memBTree = new BTree(virtualBufferCache, virtualBufferCache.getFileMapProvider(),
+                    new VirtualFreePageManager(virtualBufferCache.getNumPages()), btreeInteriorFrameFactory,
+                    btreeLeafFrameFactory, btreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories.length, new FileReference(new File(
+                            fileManager.getBaseDir() + "_virtual_b_" + i)));
             LSMRTreeMemoryComponent mutableComponent = new LSMRTreeMemoryComponent(memRTree, memBTree,
                     virtualBufferCache, i == 0 ? true : false, filterFactory == null ? null
                             : filterFactory.createLSMComponentFilter());
@@ -135,9 +133,9 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] rtreeCmpFactories, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizer, int[] comparatorFields, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] linearizerArray,
             double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker,
-            ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback) {
+            ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, boolean durable) {
         super(componentFactory.getBufferCache(), fileManager, diskFileMapProvider, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
-                mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback);
+                mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, durable);
         this.rtreeInteriorFrameFactory = rtreeInteriorFrameFactory;
         this.rtreeLeafFrameFactory = rtreeLeafFrameFactory;
         this.btreeInteriorFrameFactory = btreeInteriorFrameFactory;
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/ExternalRTree.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/ExternalRTree.java
index d26d330..66a9250 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/ExternalRTree.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/ExternalRTree.java
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.api.TreeIndexException;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.impls.NoOpOperationCallback;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.common.ophelpers.IndexOperation;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ITwoPCIndex;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMComponent;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMIOOperation;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMIOOperationCallback;
@@ -51,10 +50,11 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMIndexOperationContext;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMMergePolicy;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ILSMOperationTracker;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.api.ITwoPCIndex;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.BlockingIOOperationCallbackWrapper;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMOperationType;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.ExternalIndexHarness;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMComponentFileReferences;
+import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.LSMOperationType;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.lsm.common.impls.TreeIndexFactory;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.RTree;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.rtree.impls.SearchPredicate;
@@ -71,12 +71,12 @@
 
     // A second disk component list that will be used when a transaction is
     // committed and will be seen by subsequent accessors
-    private List<ILSMComponent> secondDiskComponents;
+    private final List<ILSMComponent> secondDiskComponents;
     // A pointer that points to the current most recent list (either
     // diskComponents = 0, or secondDiskComponents = 1). It starts with -1 to
     // indicate first time activation
     private int version = -1;
-    private int fieldCount;
+    private final int fieldCount;
 
     public ExternalRTree(ITreeIndexFrameFactory rtreeInteriorFrameFactory,
             ITreeIndexFrameFactory rtreeLeafFrameFactory, ITreeIndexFrameFactory btreeInteriorFrameFactory,
@@ -87,11 +87,11 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizer,
             int[] comparatorFields, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] linearizerArray, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
             ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback,
-            int[] buddyBTreeFields, int version) {
+            int[] buddyBTreeFields, int version, boolean durable) {
         super(rtreeInteriorFrameFactory, rtreeLeafFrameFactory, btreeInteriorFrameFactory, btreeLeafFrameFactory,
                 fileNameManager, diskRTreeFactory, diskBTreeFactory, bloomFilterFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 diskFileMapProvider, fieldCount, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, linearizer, comparatorFields,
-                linearizerArray, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, buddyBTreeFields);
+                linearizerArray, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, buddyBTreeFields, durable);
         this.secondDiskComponents = new LinkedList<ILSMComponent>();
         this.version = version;
         this.fieldCount = fieldCount;
@@ -170,6 +170,7 @@
     }
 
     // This function is used when a new component is to be committed.
+    @Override
     public void commitTransactionDiskComponent(ILSMComponent newComponent) throws HyracksDataException {
 
         // determine which list is the new one and flip the pointer
@@ -525,7 +526,7 @@
         private boolean cleanedUpArtifacts = false;
         private boolean isEmptyComponent = true;
         private boolean endedBloomFilterLoad = false;
-        private boolean isTransaction;
+        private final boolean isTransaction;
 
         public LSMTwoPCRTreeBulkLoader(float fillFactor, boolean verifyInput, long numElementsHint,
                 boolean checkIfEmptyIndex, boolean isTransaction) throws TreeIndexException, HyracksDataException {
@@ -667,10 +668,9 @@
         LSMComponentFileReferences relMergeFileRefs = getMergeTargetFileName(mergingComponents);
         ILSMIndexAccessorInternal accessor = new LSMRTreeAccessor(lsmHarness, rctx);
         // create the merge operation.
-        LSMRTreeMergeOperation mergeOp = new LSMRTreeMergeOperation((ILSMIndexAccessorInternal) accessor,
-                mergingComponents, cursor, relMergeFileRefs.getInsertIndexFileReference(),
-                relMergeFileRefs.getDeleteIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs.getBloomFilterFileReference(),
-                callback, fileManager.getBaseDir());
+        LSMRTreeMergeOperation mergeOp = new LSMRTreeMergeOperation(accessor, mergingComponents, cursor,
+                relMergeFileRefs.getInsertIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs.getDeleteIndexFileReference(),
+                relMergeFileRefs.getBloomFilterFileReference(), callback, fileManager.getBaseDir());
         // set the keepDeletedTuples flag
         boolean keepDeleteTuples = false;
         if (version == 0) {
@@ -704,14 +704,17 @@
         return new LSMRTreeAccessor(lsmHarness, createOpContext(searchCallback, version));
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int getCurrentVersion() {
         return version;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public List<ILSMComponent> getFirstComponentList() {
         return diskComponents;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public List<ILSMComponent> getSecondComponentList() {
         return secondDiskComponents;
     }
@@ -745,12 +748,12 @@
             throw new TreeIndexException(e);
         }
     }
-    
+
     @Override
-    public boolean hasMemoryComponents(){
+    public boolean hasMemoryComponents() {
         return false;
     }
-    
+
     @Override
     public int getFieldCount() {
         return fieldCount;
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/LSMRTree.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/LSMRTree.java
index e823e37..825874a 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/LSMRTree.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/LSMRTree.java
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.api.exceptions.HyracksDataException;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.data.std.primitive.IntegerPointable;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.accessors.ITupleReference;
-import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.dataflow.common.data.marshalling.IntegerSerializerDeserializer;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomCalculations;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomFilter;
 import edu.uci.ics.hyracks.storage.am.bloomfilter.impls.BloomFilterFactory;
@@ -84,16 +83,17 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] rtreeCmpFactories, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizer, int[] comparatorFields, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] linearizerArray,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
-            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] rtreeFields, int[] buddyBTreeFields, int[] filterFields) {
+            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] rtreeFields, int[] buddyBTreeFields, int[] filterFields,
+            boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCaches, rtreeInteriorFrameFactory, rtreeLeafFrameFactory, btreeInteriorFrameFactory,
                 btreeLeafFrameFactory, fileNameManager, new LSMRTreeDiskComponentFactory(diskRTreeFactory,
                         diskBTreeFactory, bloomFilterFactory, filterFactory), diskFileMapProvider, fieldCount,
                 rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, linearizer, comparatorFields, linearizerArray,
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, filterFactory,
-                filterFrameFactory, filterManager, rtreeFields, filterFields);
+                filterFrameFactory, filterManager, rtreeFields, filterFields, durable);
         this.buddyBTreeFields = buddyBTreeFields;
     }
-    
+
     /*
      * For External indexes with no memory components
      */
@@ -105,12 +105,12 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] rtreeCmpFactories, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizer, int[] comparatorFields, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] linearizerArray,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
-            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] buddyBTreeFields) {
+            ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, int[] buddyBTreeFields, boolean durable) {
         super(rtreeInteriorFrameFactory, rtreeLeafFrameFactory, btreeInteriorFrameFactory, btreeLeafFrameFactory,
                 fileNameManager, new LSMRTreeDiskComponentFactory(diskRTreeFactory, diskBTreeFactory,
-                        bloomFilterFactory, null), diskFileMapProvider, fieldCount, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories,
-                linearizer, comparatorFields, linearizerArray, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallback);
+                        bloomFilterFactory, null), diskFileMapProvider, fieldCount, rtreeCmpFactories,
+                btreeCmpFactories, linearizer, comparatorFields, linearizerArray, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
+                mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, durable);
         this.buddyBTreeFields = buddyBTreeFields;
     }
 
@@ -332,10 +332,9 @@
         ITreeIndexCursor cursor = new LSMRTreeSortedCursor(rctx, linearizer, buddyBTreeFields);
         LSMComponentFileReferences relMergeFileRefs = getMergeTargetFileName(mergingComponents);
         ILSMIndexAccessorInternal accessor = new LSMRTreeAccessor(lsmHarness, rctx);
-        ioScheduler.scheduleOperation(new LSMRTreeMergeOperation((ILSMIndexAccessorInternal) accessor,
-                mergingComponents, cursor, relMergeFileRefs.getInsertIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs
-                        .getDeleteIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs.getBloomFilterFileReference(), callback,
-                fileManager.getBaseDir()));
+        ioScheduler.scheduleOperation(new LSMRTreeMergeOperation(accessor, mergingComponents, cursor, relMergeFileRefs
+                .getInsertIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs.getDeleteIndexFileReference(), relMergeFileRefs
+                .getBloomFilterFileReference(), callback, fileManager.getBaseDir()));
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuples.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuples.java
index 045d6cb..f1703b1 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuples.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/impls/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuples.java
@@ -77,12 +77,13 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizer,
             int[] comparatorFields, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] linearizerArray, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy,
             ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback,
-            int[] rtreeFields, int[] filterFields) {
+            int[] rtreeFields, int[] filterFields, boolean durable) {
         super(virtualBufferCaches, rtreeInteriorFrameFactory, rtreeLeafFrameFactory, btreeInteriorFrameFactory,
                 btreeLeafFrameFactory, fileManager, new LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDiskComponentFactory(
                         diskRTreeFactory, filterFactory), diskFileMapProvider, fieldCount, rtreeCmpFactories,
                 btreeCmpFactories, linearizer, comparatorFields, linearizerArray, 0, mergePolicy, opTracker,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, filterFactory, filterFrameFactory, filterManager, rtreeFields, filterFields);
+                ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, filterFactory, filterFrameFactory, filterManager, rtreeFields, filterFields,
+                durable);
         bulkLoaComponentFactory = new LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesDiskComponentFactory(bulkLoadRTreeFactory,
                 filterFactory);
     }
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@
         super.deactivate(flushOnExit);
         List<ILSMComponent> immutableComponents = diskComponents;
         for (ILSMComponent c : immutableComponents) {
-            RTree rtree = (RTree) ((LSMRTreeDiskComponent) c).getRTree();
+            RTree rtree = ((LSMRTreeDiskComponent) c).getRTree();
             rtree.deactivate();
         }
         isActivated = false;
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@
         super.destroy();
         List<ILSMComponent> immutableComponents = diskComponents;
         for (ILSMComponent c : immutableComponents) {
-            RTree rtree = (RTree) ((LSMRTreeDiskComponent) c).getRTree();
+            RTree rtree = ((LSMRTreeDiskComponent) c).getRTree();
             rtree.destroy();
         }
         fileManager.deleteDirs();
@@ -143,7 +144,7 @@
         super.clear();
         List<ILSMComponent> immutableComponents = diskComponents;
         for (ILSMComponent c : immutableComponents) {
-            RTree rtree = (RTree) ((LSMRTreeDiskComponent) c).getRTree();
+            RTree rtree = ((LSMRTreeDiskComponent) c).getRTree();
             rtree.deactivate();
             rtree.destroy();
         }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/utils/LSMRTreeUtils.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/utils/LSMRTreeUtils.java
index 2ec9107..eca0f47 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/utils/LSMRTreeUtils.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/utils/LSMRTreeUtils.java
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@
             double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback,
             ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields, int[] buddyBTreeFields,
-            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields)
-            throws TreeIndexException {
+            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
+            boolean durable) throws TreeIndexException {
 
         ITypeTraits[] btreeTypeTraits = new ITypeTraits[buddyBTreeFields.length];
         for (int i = 0; i < btreeTypeTraits.length; i++) {
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
                 bloomFilterFactory, filterFactory, filterFrameFactory, filterManager, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate,
                 diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits.length, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, linearizeCmpFactory,
                 comparatorFields, linearizerArray, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, rtreeFields,
-                buddyBTreeFields, filterFields);
+                buddyBTreeFields, filterFields, durable);
         return lsmTree;
     }
 
@@ -141,8 +141,8 @@
             IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType,
             ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker, ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler,
             ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback, ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizerCmpFactory, int[] rtreeFields,
-            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields)
-            throws TreeIndexException {
+            ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields,
+            boolean durable) throws TreeIndexException {
         LSMRTreeTupleWriterFactory rtreeTupleWriterFactory = new LSMRTreeTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, false);
         LSMRTreeTupleWriterFactory btreeTupleWriterFactory = new LSMRTreeTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits, true);
 
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
                 fileNameManager, diskRTreeFactory, bulkLoadRTreeFactory, filterFactory, filterFrameFactory,
                 filterManager, diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits.length, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories,
                 linearizerCmpFactory, comparatorFields, linearizerArray, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler,
-                ioOpCallback, rtreeFields, filterFields);
+                ioOpCallback, rtreeFields, filterFields, durable);
         return lsmTree;
     }
 
@@ -215,8 +215,8 @@
             IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType,
             double bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, ILSMMergePolicy mergePolicy, ILSMOperationTracker opTracker,
             ILSMIOOperationScheduler ioScheduler, ILSMIOOperationCallback ioOpCallback,
-            ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] buddyBTreeFields, int startWithVersion)
-            throws TreeIndexException {
+            ILinearizeComparatorFactory linearizeCmpFactory, int[] buddyBTreeFields, int startWithVersion,
+            boolean durable) throws TreeIndexException {
 
         ITypeTraits[] btreeTypeTraits = new ITypeTraits[buddyBTreeFields.length];
         for (int i = 0; i < btreeTypeTraits.length; i++) {
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@
                 btreeInteriorFrameFactory, btreeLeafFrameFactory, fileNameManager, diskRTreeFactory, diskBTreeFactory,
                 bloomFilterFactory, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits.length,
                 rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, linearizeCmpFactory, comparatorFields, linearizerArray,
-                mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, buddyBTreeFields, startWithVersion);
+                mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, buddyBTreeFields, startWithVersion, durable);
         return lsmTree;
     }
 
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeDataflowHelper.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeDataflowHelper.java
index 37735f4..e9dce94 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeDataflowHelper.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeDataflowHelper.java
@@ -31,8 +31,9 @@
     private final RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType;
 
     public RTreeDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx, int partition,
-            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType) {
-        super(opDesc, ctx, partition);
+            IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType,
+            boolean durable) {
+        super(opDesc, ctx, partition, durable);
         this.valueProviderFactories = valueProviderFactories;
         this.rtreePolicyType = rtreePolicyType;
     }
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@
         AbstractTreeIndexOperatorDescriptor treeOpDesc = (AbstractTreeIndexOperatorDescriptor) opDesc;
         return RTreeUtils.createRTree(treeOpDesc.getStorageManager().getBufferCache(ctx), treeOpDesc
                 .getStorageManager().getFileMapProvider(ctx), treeOpDesc.getTreeIndexTypeTraits(),
-                valueProviderFactories, treeOpDesc.getTreeIndexComparatorFactories(), rtreePolicyType, file);
+                valueProviderFactories, treeOpDesc.getTreeIndexComparatorFactories(), rtreePolicyType, file,
+                durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
index be21ac1..4061cb7 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/dataflow/RTreeDataflowHelperFactory.java
@@ -28,16 +28,18 @@
 
     private final IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories;
     private final RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType;
+    private final boolean durable;
 
     public RTreeDataflowHelperFactory(IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories,
-            RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType) {
+            RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, boolean durable) {
         this.valueProviderFactories = valueProviderFactories;
         this.rtreePolicyType = rtreePolicyType;
+        this.durable = durable;
     }
 
     @Override
     public IndexDataflowHelper createIndexDataflowHelper(IIndexOperatorDescriptor opDesc, IHyracksTaskContext ctx,
             int partition) {
-        return new RTreeDataflowHelper(opDesc, ctx, partition, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType);
+        return new RTreeDataflowHelper(opDesc, ctx, partition, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, durable);
     }
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/util/RTreeUtils.java b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/util/RTreeUtils.java
index 09988a6..e22f0c5 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/util/RTreeUtils.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-storage-am-rtree/src/main/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/util/RTreeUtils.java
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@
 public class RTreeUtils {
     public static RTree createRTree(IBufferCache bufferCache, IFileMapProvider fileMapProvider,
             ITypeTraits[] typeTraits, IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories,
-            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, FileReference file) {
+            IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories, RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, FileReference file,
+            boolean durable) {
 
         RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory tupleWriterFactory = new RTreeTypeAwareTupleWriterFactory(typeTraits);
         ITreeIndexFrameFactory interiorFrameFactory = new RTreeNSMInteriorFrameFactory(tupleWriterFactory,
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeExamplesTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeExamplesTest.java
index 7e535d8..f952be4 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeExamplesTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeExamplesTest.java
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
                 harness.getDiskBufferCache(), harness.getDiskFileMapProvider(), typeTraits, cmpFactories,
                 bloomFilterKeyFields, harness.getBoomFilterFalsePositiveRate(), harness.getMergePolicy(),
                 harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(), harness.getIOOperationCallback(), true,
-                filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, btreeFields, filterFields);
+                filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, btreeFields, filterFields, true);
     }
 
     @Before
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
         }
         ArrayTupleBuilder tb = new ArrayTupleBuilder(fieldCount);
         ArrayTupleReference tuple = new ArrayTupleReference();
-        IIndexAccessor indexAccessor = (IIndexAccessor) treeIndex.createAccessor(TestOperationCallback.INSTANCE,
+        IIndexAccessor indexAccessor = treeIndex.createAccessor(TestOperationCallback.INSTANCE,
                 TestOperationCallback.INSTANCE);
         int numInserts = 10000;
         for (int i = 0; i < numInserts; i++) {
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeModificationOperationCallbackTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeModificationOperationCallbackTest.java
index 6f5afc3..3becd53 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeModificationOperationCallbackTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeModificationOperationCallbackTest.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
                 SerdeUtils.serdesToComparatorFactories(keySerdes, keySerdes.length), bloomFilterKeyFields,
                 harness.getBoomFilterFalsePositiveRate(), harness.getMergePolicy(),
                 NoOpOperationTrackerProvider.INSTANCE.getOperationTracker(null), harness.getIOScheduler(),
-                harness.getIOOperationCallback(), true, null, null, null, null);
+                harness.getIOOperationCallback(), true, null, null, null, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
         harness.tearDown();
     }
 
+    @Override
     @Test
     public void modificationCallbackTest() throws Exception {
         ILSMIndexAccessor accessor = (ILSMIndexAccessor) index.createAccessor(cb, NoOpOperationCallback.INSTANCE);
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeSearchOperationCallbackTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeSearchOperationCallbackTest.java
index 00c4d17..32c80bc 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeSearchOperationCallbackTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/LSMBTreeSearchOperationCallbackTest.java
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
                 SerdeUtils.serdesToComparatorFactories(keySerdes, keySerdes.length), bloomFilterKeyFields,
                 harness.getBoomFilterFalsePositiveRate(), harness.getMergePolicy(),
                 NoOpOperationTrackerProvider.INSTANCE.getOperationTracker(null), harness.getIOScheduler(),
-                harness.getIOOperationCallback(), true, null, null, null, null);
+                harness.getIOOperationCallback(), true, null, null, null, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@
         harness.tearDown();
     }
 
+    @Override
     @Test
     public void searchCallbackTest() throws Exception {
         Future<Boolean> insertFuture = executor.submit(new InsertionTask());
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/multithread/LSMBTreeMultiThreadTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/multithread/LSMBTreeMultiThreadTest.java
index a41e112..0de7920 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/multithread/LSMBTreeMultiThreadTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/multithread/LSMBTreeMultiThreadTest.java
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@
 
 public class LSMBTreeMultiThreadTest extends OrderedIndexMultiThreadTest {
 
-    private LSMBTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMBTreeTestHarness();
+    private final LSMBTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMBTreeTestHarness();
 
-    private LSMBTreeTestWorkerFactory workerFactory = new LSMBTreeTestWorkerFactory();
+    private final LSMBTreeTestWorkerFactory workerFactory = new LSMBTreeTestWorkerFactory();
 
     @Override
     protected void setUp() throws HyracksException {
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
                 harness.getDiskBufferCache(), harness.getDiskFileMapProvider(), typeTraits, cmpFactories,
                 bloomFilterKeyFields, harness.getBoomFilterFalsePositiveRate(), harness.getMergePolicy(),
                 harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(), harness.getIOOperationCallback(), true, null,
-                null, null, null);
+                null, null, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/perf/LSMTreeRunner.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/perf/LSMTreeRunner.java
index 634968d..12079f2 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/perf/LSMTreeRunner.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/perf/LSMTreeRunner.java
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@
     private final int onDiskPageSize;
     private final int onDiskNumPages;
     private final static ThreadFactory threadFactory = new ThreadFactory() {
+        @Override
         public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
             return new Thread(r);
         }
@@ -108,9 +109,8 @@
         AsynchronousScheduler.INSTANCE.init(threadFactory);
 
         lsmtree = LSMBTreeUtils.createLSMTree(virtualBufferCaches, file, bufferCache, fmp, typeTraits, cmpFactories,
-                bloomFilterKeyFields, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, new NoMergePolicy(),
-                new ThreadCountingTracker(), ioScheduler, NoOpIOOperationCallback.INSTANCE, true, null, null, null,
-                null);
+                bloomFilterKeyFields, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, new NoMergePolicy(), new ThreadCountingTracker(),
+                ioScheduler, NoOpIOOperationCallback.INSTANCE, true, null, null, null, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeTestContext.java
index beecd7b..f04dbdd 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-btree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/btree/util/LSMBTreeTestContext.java
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
         }
         LSMBTree lsmTree = LSMBTreeUtils.createLSMTree(virtualBufferCaches, file, diskBufferCache, diskFileMapProvider,
                 typeTraits, cmpFactories, bloomFilterKeyFields, bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker,
-                ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, true, null, null, null, null);
+                ioScheduler, ioOpCallback, true, null, null, null, null, true);
         LSMBTreeTestContext testCtx = new LSMBTreeTestContext(fieldSerdes, lsmTree);
         return testCtx;
     }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/util/LSMInvertedIndexTestContext.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/util/LSMInvertedIndexTestContext.java
index cf18a80..67ab292 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/util/LSMInvertedIndexTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-invertedindex-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/invertedindex/util/LSMInvertedIndexTestContext.java
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
                         harness.getBoomFilterFalsePositiveRate(), harness.getMergePolicy(),
                         harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(), harness.getIOOperationCallback(),
                         invertedIndexFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields,
-                        filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                        filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, true);
                 break;
             }
             case PARTITIONED_LSM: {
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@
                         harness.getBoomFilterFalsePositiveRate(), harness.getMergePolicy(),
                         harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(), harness.getIOOperationCallback(),
                         invertedIndexFields, filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields,
-                        filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps);
+                        filterFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, invertedIndexFieldsForNonBulkLoadOps, true);
                 break;
             }
             default: {
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeExamplesTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeExamplesTest.java
index 29f6218..8339cad 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeExamplesTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeExamplesTest.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
                 harness.getMergePolicy(), harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(),
                 harness.getIOOperationCallback(),
                 LSMRTreeUtils.proposeBestLinearizer(typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories.length), rtreeFields, btreeFields,
-                filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, true);
     }
 
     @Before
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesExamplesTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesExamplesTest.java
index 13b256e..86edf62 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesExamplesTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesExamplesTest.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
                 harness.getMergePolicy(), harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(),
                 harness.getIOOperationCallback(),
                 LSMRTreeUtils.proposeBestLinearizer(typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories.length), rtreeFields,
-                filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields);
+                filterTypeTraits, filterCmpFactories, filterFields, true);
     }
 
     @Before
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/multithread/LSMRTreeMultiThreadTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/multithread/LSMRTreeMultiThreadTest.java
index 08a1e1c..c2aa30e 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/multithread/LSMRTreeMultiThreadTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/multithread/LSMRTreeMultiThreadTest.java
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@
 
 public class LSMRTreeMultiThreadTest extends AbstractRTreeMultiThreadTest {
 
-    private LSMRTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMRTreeTestHarness();
+    private final LSMRTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMRTreeTestHarness();
 
-    private LSMRTreeTestWorkerFactory workerFactory = new LSMRTreeTestWorkerFactory();
+    private final LSMRTreeTestWorkerFactory workerFactory = new LSMRTreeTestWorkerFactory();
 
     public LSMRTreeMultiThreadTest() {
         super(false, RTreeType.LSMRTREE);
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
                 harness.getMergePolicy(), harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(),
                 harness.getIOOperationCallback(),
                 LSMRTreeUtils.proposeBestLinearizer(typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories.length), null, btreeFields, null,
-                null, null);
+                null, null, true);
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/multithread/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesMultiThreadTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/multithread/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesMultiThreadTest.java
index 10d8fe2..a843bb9 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/multithread/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesMultiThreadTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/multithread/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesMultiThreadTest.java
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@
 
 public class LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesMultiThreadTest extends AbstractRTreeMultiThreadTest {
 
-    private LSMRTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMRTreeTestHarness();
+    private final LSMRTreeTestHarness harness = new LSMRTreeTestHarness();
 
-    private LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestWorkerFactory workerFactory = new LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestWorkerFactory();
+    private final LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestWorkerFactory workerFactory = new LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestWorkerFactory();
 
     public LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesMultiThreadTest() {
         super(false, RTreeType.LSMRTREE_WITH_ANTIMATTER);
@@ -58,12 +58,13 @@
     protected ITreeIndex createTreeIndex(ITypeTraits[] typeTraits, IBinaryComparatorFactory[] rtreeCmpFactories,
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories, IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories,
             RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, int[] btreeFields) throws TreeIndexException {
-        return LSMRTreeUtils.createLSMTreeWithAntiMatterTuples(harness.getVirtualBufferCaches(),
-                harness.getFileReference(), harness.getDiskBufferCache(), harness.getDiskFileMapProvider(), typeTraits,
-                rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType,
-                harness.getMergePolicy(), harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(),
-                harness.getIOOperationCallback(),
-                LSMRTreeUtils.proposeBestLinearizer(typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories.length), null, null, null, null);
+        return LSMRTreeUtils
+                .createLSMTreeWithAntiMatterTuples(harness.getVirtualBufferCaches(), harness.getFileReference(),
+                        harness.getDiskBufferCache(), harness.getDiskFileMapProvider(), typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories,
+                        btreeCmpFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, harness.getMergePolicy(),
+                        harness.getOperationTracker(), harness.getIOScheduler(), harness.getIOOperationCallback(),
+                        LSMRTreeUtils.proposeBestLinearizer(typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories.length), null, null, null,
+                        null, true);
 
     }
 
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeTestContext.java
index 8966dc9..0ba6155 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeTestContext.java
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
                 typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType,
                 bloomFilterFalsePositiveRate, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback,
                 LSMRTreeUtils.proposeBestLinearizer(typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories.length), null, btreeFields, null,
-                null, null);
+                null, null, true);
         LSMRTreeTestContext testCtx = new LSMRTreeTestContext(fieldSerdes, lsmTree);
         return testCtx;
     }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.java
index e1483b3..fdd0baf 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-lsm-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/lsm/rtree/util/LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext.java
@@ -79,10 +79,12 @@
                 .serdesToComparatorFactories(fieldSerdes, numKeyFields);
         IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories = SerdeUtils.serdesToComparatorFactories(fieldSerdes,
                 fieldSerdes.length);
-        LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuples lsmTree = LSMRTreeUtils.createLSMTreeWithAntiMatterTuples(virtualBufferCaches,
-                file, diskBufferCache, diskFileMapProvider, typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories,
-                valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType, mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback,
-                LSMRTreeUtils.proposeBestLinearizer(typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories.length), null, null, null, null);
+        LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuples lsmTree = LSMRTreeUtils
+                .createLSMTreeWithAntiMatterTuples(virtualBufferCaches, file, diskBufferCache, diskFileMapProvider,
+                        typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories, btreeCmpFactories, valueProviderFactories, rtreePolicyType,
+                        mergePolicy, opTracker, ioScheduler, ioOpCallback,
+                        LSMRTreeUtils.proposeBestLinearizer(typeTraits, rtreeCmpFactories.length), null, null, null,
+                        null, true);
         LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext testCtx = new LSMRTreeWithAntiMatterTuplesTestContext(fieldSerdes,
                 lsmTree);
         return testCtx;
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeExamplesTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeExamplesTest.java
index 15450e3..e9e56ea 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeExamplesTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/RTreeExamplesTest.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
             RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, int[] rtreeFields, int[] btreeFields, ITypeTraits[] filterTypeTraits,
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] filterCmpFactories, int[] filterFields) throws TreeIndexException {
         return RTreeUtils.createRTree(harness.getBufferCache(), harness.getFileMapProvider(), typeTraits,
-                valueProviderFactories, rtreeCmpFactories, rtreePolicyType, harness.getFileReference());
+                valueProviderFactories, rtreeCmpFactories, rtreePolicyType, harness.getFileReference(), true);
     }
 
 }
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/multithread/RTreeMultiThreadTest.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/multithread/RTreeMultiThreadTest.java
index ba1113e..14ad873 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/multithread/RTreeMultiThreadTest.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/multithread/RTreeMultiThreadTest.java
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@
         super(true, RTreeType.RTREE);
     }
 
-    private RTreeTestHarness harness = new RTreeTestHarness();
+    private final RTreeTestHarness harness = new RTreeTestHarness();
 
-    private RTreeTestWorkerFactory workerFactory = new RTreeTestWorkerFactory();
+    private final RTreeTestWorkerFactory workerFactory = new RTreeTestWorkerFactory();
 
     @Override
     protected void setUp() throws HyracksDataException {
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
             IBinaryComparatorFactory[] btreeCmpFactories, IPrimitiveValueProviderFactory[] valueProviderFactories,
             RTreePolicyType rtreePolicyType, int[] btreeFields) throws TreeIndexException {
         return RTreeUtils.createRTree(harness.getBufferCache(), harness.getFileMapProvider(), typeTraits,
-                valueProviderFactories, rtreeCmpFactories, rtreePolicyType, harness.getFileReference());
+                valueProviderFactories, rtreeCmpFactories, rtreePolicyType, harness.getFileReference(), true);
 
     }
 
diff --git a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java
index 5968fe9..738cef8 100644
--- a/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java
+++ b/hyracks/hyracks-tests/hyracks-storage-am-rtree-test/src/test/java/edu/uci/ics/hyracks/storage/am/rtree/utils/RTreeTestContext.java
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
         ITypeTraits[] typeTraits = SerdeUtils.serdesToTypeTraits(fieldSerdes);
         IBinaryComparatorFactory[] cmpFactories = SerdeUtils.serdesToComparatorFactories(fieldSerdes, numKeyFields);
         RTree rtree = RTreeUtils.createRTree(bufferCache, fileMapProvider, typeTraits, valueProviderFactories,
-                cmpFactories, rtreePolicyType, file);
+                cmpFactories, rtreePolicyType, file, true);
         RTreeTestContext testCtx = new RTreeTestContext(fieldSerdes, rtree);
         return testCtx;
     }